{"title":"Recent progress in the synthesis of glycosphingolipids","authors":"Hiromune Ando, Naoko Komura","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To accelerate the biological study and application of the diverse functions of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), the production of structurally defined GSLs has been greatly demanded. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in the chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of GSLs. In the chemical synthesis section, the syntheses based on glucosyl ceramide cassette, late-stage sialylation, and diversity-oriented strategies for GSLs or ganglioside synthesis are highlighted, which delivered terpioside B, fluorescent sialyl lactotetraosyl ceramide, and analogs of lacto-ganglio-series GSLs, respectively. In the chemoenzymatic synthesis section, the synthesis of ganglioside GM1 by multistep one-pot multienzyme method and the total synthesis of highly complex ganglioside LLG-5 using a water-soluble lactosyl ceramide as a key substrate for enzymatic sialylation are described.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102423"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367593123001618/pdfft?md5=efb65878b9793a05cd25a40ae5e191e8&pid=1-s2.0-S1367593123001618-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139111786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent research progress in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein biosynthesis, chemical/chemoenzymatic synthesis, and interaction with the cell membrane","authors":"Zhongwu Guo , Sayan Kundu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) attachment to the <em>C</em>-terminus of proteins is a prevalent posttranslational modification in eukaryotic species, and GPIs help anchor proteins to the cell surface. GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) play a key role in various biological events. However, GPI-APs are difficult to access and investigate. To tackle the problem, chemical and chemoenzymatic methods have been explored for the preparation of GPI-APs, as well as GPI probes that facilitate the study of GPIs on live cells. Substantial progress has also been made regarding GPI-AP biosynthesis, which is helpful for developing new synthetic methods for GPI-APs. This article reviews the recent advancements in the study of GPI-AP biosynthesis, GPI-AP synthesis, and GPI interaction with the cell membrane utilizing synthetic probes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102421"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136759312300159X/pdfft?md5=66bb377ef681fd454f579c5724c14d8e&pid=1-s2.0-S136759312300159X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139095877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in antibody glycoengineering for the gain of functions","authors":"Zhi Liu , Xiangman Zou , Feng Tang , Wei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glycans play important roles in antibody functions, and antibody glycoengineering has long been an important research field. Here, we summarize the significant strategies of antibody glycoengineering, including expressed antibody glycoengineering in mammalian cell expression systems, chemo-enzymatic antibody glycoengineering, and yeast expression system-based antibody engineering, as well as the applications of glycoengineering in antibody-drug conjugates. These advances in antibody glycoengineering will provide a comprehensive understanding and inspire us to develop more advanced techniques to achieve glycoengineered antibodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102420"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367593123001588/pdfft?md5=f80fbde880018e5f2525695ebf650429&pid=1-s2.0-S1367593123001588-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139084240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chunjun Qin , Guangzong Tian , Jing Hu , Xiaopeng Zou , Jian Yin
{"title":"Recent chemical synthesis and immunological evaluation of glycans related to bacterial lipopolysaccharides","authors":"Chunjun Qin , Guangzong Tian , Jing Hu , Xiaopeng Zou , Jian Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>O-Antigens and core oligosaccharides from bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are often structurally unique and immunologically active, have become attractive targets in the development of antibacterial vaccines. Structurally well-defined and pure oligosaccharides can be used in identifying protective epitopes of the carbohydrate antigens, which is important for the design of an effective vaccine. Here, the recent progress on chemical synthesis and immunological evaluation of glycans related to O-antigens and core oligosaccharides from bacterial LPS are summarized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102424"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136759312300162X/pdfft?md5=8456ecc52887b73119ec119804ebdbb4&pid=1-s2.0-S136759312300162X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139084477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of N- and O-glycans","authors":"Zhi-Fei Hu , Kan Zhong , Hongzhi Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins, which plays essential roles in regulating the biological functions of proteins. Efficient and versatile methods for the synthesis of homogeneous and well-defined N- and O-glycans remain an urgent need for biological studies and biomedical applications. Despite their structural complexity, tremendous progress has been made in the synthesis of N- and O-glycans in recent years. This review discusses some recent advances in the enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of N- and O-glycans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102417"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367593123001552/pdfft?md5=8d54c894613bc44a3e9f6f4548f02e9f&pid=1-s2.0-S1367593123001552-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139031808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gijs Ruijgrok, Dung-Yeh Wu, Herman S. Overkleeft, Jeroen D.C. Codée
{"title":"Synthesis and application of bacterial exopolysaccharides","authors":"Gijs Ruijgrok, Dung-Yeh Wu, Herman S. Overkleeft, Jeroen D.C. Codée","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exopolysaccharides are produced and excreted by bacteria in the generation of biofilms to provide a protective environment. These polysaccharides are generally generated as heterogeneous polymers of varying length, featuring diverse substitution patterns. To obtain well-defined fragments of these polysaccharides, organic synthesis often is the method of choice, as it allows for full control over chain length and the installation of a pre-determined substitution pattern. This review presents several recent syntheses of exopolysaccharide fragments of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and illustrates how these have been used to study biosynthesis enzymes and generate synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102418"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367593123001564/pdfft?md5=15331be6f20b5e18febb754761bdd91a&pid=1-s2.0-S1367593123001564-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138838860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristina Balcells , Yitao Xu , Rubén Gil-Solsona , Léa Maitre , Pablo Gago-Ferrero , Hector C. Keun
{"title":"Blurred lines: Crossing the boundaries between the chemical exposome and the metabolome","authors":"Cristina Balcells , Yitao Xu , Rubén Gil-Solsona , Léa Maitre , Pablo Gago-Ferrero , Hector C. Keun","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aetiology of every human disease lies in a combination of genetic and environmental factors, each contributing in varying proportions. While genomics investigates the former, a comparable holistic paradigm was proposed for environmental exposures in 2005, marking the onset of exposome research. Since then, the exposome definition has broadened to include a wide array of physical, chemical, and psychosocial factors that interact with the human body and potentially alter the epigenome, the transcriptome, the proteome, and the metabolome. The chemical exposome, deeply intertwined with the metabolome, includes all small molecules originating from diet as well as pharmaceuticals, personal care and consumer products, or pollutants in air and water. The set of techniques to interrogate these exposures, primarily mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, are also extensively used in metabolomics. Recent advances in untargeted metabolomics using high resolution mass spectrometry have paved the way for the development of methods able to provide in depth characterisation of both the internal chemical exposome and the endogenous metabolome simultaneously. Herein we review the available tools, databases, and workflows currently available for such work, and discuss how these can bridge the gap between the study of the metabolome and the exposome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102407"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136759312300145X/pdfft?md5=e36893631f90880959495d50207b6d36&pid=1-s2.0-S136759312300145X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138569864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial overview: Glycobiology (2023)","authors":"Matthew S. Macauley","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102406"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92121890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Small-molecule tools for YEATS domain proteins","authors":"Michael A. Erb","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chromatin reader domains are protein folds that bind to post-translational modifications of histones and other chromatin-associated proteins. Compared to other families of reader domains, the discovery that YEATS domains bind to acylated lysines is relatively recent. Four human proteins harbor a YEATS domain, and each is present in protein complexes that regulate chromatin and transcription (ENL, AF9, YEATS2, and YEATS4). Without chemical tools to enable temporally resolved perturbations, it is often unclear how reader domains contribute to protein function. Here, we will discuss recent progress in developing small-molecule tools for YEATS domains and highlight their usefulness for making biological discoveries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102404"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71476150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in chemical synthesis of O-linked glycopeptides and glycoproteins: An advanced synthetic tool for exploring the biological realm","authors":"Jie Zhao , Farong Ye , Ping Huang , Ping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Glycoproteins play crucial roles in various </span>biological processes. To investigate the relationship between </span>glycan structure and function, researchers have employed various chemical methods to precisely synthesize homogeneous O-glycoproteins. This review summarizes the recent progress of their synthetic strategies, highlighting the significant advancements in this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":291,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Chemical Biology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102405"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66783244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}