{"title":"Thermoelectric properties of Bi-doped half-Heusler alloys","authors":"C. Uher, J. Yang, G. Meisner","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843333","url":null,"abstract":"Based on our preliminary promising results for Sb-doped ZrNiSn-type half-Heusler intermetallics, we made a new series of Bi-doped samples Zr/sub 0.5/Hf/sub 0.5/NiSn/sub 1-x/Bi/sub x/ with concentrations x in the range 0/spl les/x/spl les/0.02. While the isoelectronic alloying of Zr and Hf reduces the lattice thermal conductivity, doping on the Sn site with Hf controls the carrier density and thus the nature of transport. This confirms the trend we reported previously for Sb, namely, that a small amount of the group V semimetal substituted on the Sn-site has a spectacular effect on all transport properties. Specifically, the electrical resistivity is much reduced due to an order of magnitude higher carrier density, and the thermopower is exceptionally large (/spl sim/-250 /spl mu/V/K for x=0.01), comparable to the thermopower of the parent (undoped) compound. Doping on the Sn site with Sb or Hi is thus an effective way to achieve high power factors in these half-Heusler intermetallics. The optimal operational range of the intermetallics is above room temperature.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114257742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermoelectric figure of merit enhancement in Si and SiGe quantum wires due to spatial confinement of acoustic phonons","authors":"A. Khitun, A. Balandin, K. Wang, G. Chen","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843363","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoelectric figure of merit of Si and SiGe quantum wires was theoretically investigated rigorously taking into account spatial confinement of both electrons and phonons. The calculations were carried out for cylindrical quantum wires with radius 1.5 nm<a<15 nm and infinite potential barriers. A significant enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit is predicted despite the decrease of the carrier mobility in very narrow quantum wires. The enhancement is mostly due to the drop in the lattice thermal conductivity caused by the spatial confinement of acoustic phonons and the corresponding increase in phonon relaxation rates.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130359177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of various filler atoms on the thermoelectric properties of ternary skutterudites","authors":"H. Sellinschegg, D.C. Johnson, G. Nolas, T. Tritt","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843325","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional synthesis method restricts the search for the best thermoelectric material to thermodynamically stable skutterudites. Modulated reactants allows the nucleation of skutterudite antimonides that are metastable with respect to binary compounds. However, many materials with very interesting properties are only kinetically stable. A technique that employs controlled crystallization of elementally modulated reactants allows the nucleation of skutterudite antimonides that are metastable with respect to binary compounds. Using this method, a series of samples which are partially filled with Gd, Lu, La, Hf and Pb has successfully been synthesized. For the first time, these metastable materials were prepared in bulk amounts.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114011423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved thermoelectric material of n-type based on (Bi,Sb)/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ for temperatures below 200 K","authors":"V. Kutasov, L. N. Lukyanova, P. Konstantinov","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843397","url":null,"abstract":"An application of Bi/sub 2-x/Sb/sub x/Te/sub 3/ solid solution for low temperature range (80 K<T<200 K) is considered. It is shown that weak temperature dependence of Seebeck coefficient /spl alpha/, decrease in thermal conductivity of the lattice /spl kappa//sub L/ and increase in charge carrier mobility /spl mu//sub 0/ are observed in optimized samples at T<200 K in comparison with a traditional solid solution n-Bi/sub 2/Te/sub 3-y/Se/sub y/. These factors result in growth of parameter /spl beta//spl sim/ZT.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115059077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Suzuki, S. Mochizuki, S. Sugihara, K. Shiraishi, T. Kajikawa
{"title":"Thermoelectric properties of /spl beta/-FeSi/sub 2/ with oxide-particles doping","authors":"H. Suzuki, S. Mochizuki, S. Sugihara, K. Shiraishi, T. Kajikawa","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843354","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated thermoelectric properties of Fe-Si systems (/spl alpha/, /spl epsiv/ and /spl beta/-phase) with oxide particles diffused in. The oxides used here were La/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Yb/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Ag/sub 2/O, NiO and Cr/sub 2/O/sub 3/. They were sintered by solid reaction method, then they were annealed for 3 hours. We found that the shorter annealing time was obtained by adding a small amount of oxides, lattice thermal conductivity decreased by addition of Yb/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Interfacial effects were found that carriers moved between the solidified Ag and the Fe-Si systems by addition of Ag/sub 2/O, and the barrier between the oxides and the Fe-Si systems was observed by addition of La/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and Yb/sub 2/O/sub 3/. Figure of merit was the following in Fe/sub 0.92/Mn/sub 0.08/Si/sub 2/ after 3 hours annealing; Z=1.85/spl times/10/sup -4/ (K/sup -1/) for 3 wt% Yb/sub 2/O/sub 3/, Z=0.75/spl times/10 /sup 4/(K/sup -1/) for 3, 5 and 10 wt% Ag/sub 2/O and the unadded.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114520269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Casian, Z. Dashevsky, V. Kantser, H. Scherrer, I. Sur, Adrian Sandu
{"title":"Thermoelectric transport in multivalley PbTe/PbEuTe quantum wells","authors":"A. Casian, Z. Dashevsky, V. Kantser, H. Scherrer, I. Sur, Adrian Sandu","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843411","url":null,"abstract":"The thermoelectric properties of PbTe/PbEuTe quantum wells are investigated theoretically employing a more realistic well model than it was used up to now. The carrier scattering both on optical and acoustical phonons is considered. The electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient are calculated using the variational method taking into account the intersubband scattering. It is found that for decreasing well widths, the electrical conductivity decreases for [100] oriented structures, and increases for [111] ones. The thermopower is higher in [100] oriented structures than in [111] ones, especially for very thin wells. The power factor is also higher in [100] wells, but the more realistic is the well model the lower is the value of power factor. So, when the dependence of effective mass on well width is taken into account, the power factor for very thin wells decreases by 14% in [100] oriented quantum wells, and by 12% in [111] ones. The power factor is calculated as a function of carrier concentration and the optimal concentrations are determined for quantum wells of different heights. The results of recent experiments are discussed.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"01 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124512787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunki Kim, Sunglae Cho, A. DiVenere, G. Wong, J. Ketterson
{"title":"Control of antisite defect effect of Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ thin films","authors":"Yunki Kim, Sunglae Cho, A. DiVenere, G. Wong, J. Ketterson","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843482","url":null,"abstract":"We have grown Sb/sub 2/Te/sub 3/ thin films on CdTe[111]B and GaAs[111]B substrates by the conventional co-deposition method using molecular beam epitaxy. In order to investigate and reduce the antisite defects, we varied the relative ratio of the flow-rates of Sb and Te. X-ray diffraction patterns (/spl theta/-2/spl theta/ scans) of the films show that they are well aligned with their (00.1) axis normal to the substrates, regardless of the relative flow-rate ratio. The measurement of the rocking curves of the films shows that they are of high quality, despite a rather large lattice mismatch between the substrate and the film deposited at 200/spl deg/C, with a rocking curve FWHM less than 0.17/spl deg/. The change in the relative flow-rate ratios of Te to Sb causes a remarkable shift in the temperature-dependent thermopower, resistivity, and Hall coefficient of the films. These results demonstrate that by controlling the antisite defects, Sb/sub 2/Se/sub 3/ can be a promising thermoelectric material.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122856874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Elsner, J. Bass, S. Ghamaty, C. C. Morris, N. Baker, J. Bass
{"title":"Fabrication of milliwatt modules","authors":"N. Elsner, J. Bass, S. Ghamaty, C. C. Morris, N. Baker, J. Bass","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843441","url":null,"abstract":"Hi-Z is fabricating milliWatt thermoelectric modules for the DOE that will be used in power supplies for NASA's space exploration missions and the DARPA that will be used to power micro air vehicles (MAVs). This paper deals with the factors that influence the selection of the thermoelectric materials that go into these modules, the fabrication of the modules and performance and life test data.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129662991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Chapon, D. Ravot, J. Tedenac, F. Bouree-Vignerons
{"title":"Skutterudite based new thermoelectric compounds. Cerium filled Ni substituted skutterudites Ce/sub y/Fe/sub 4-x/Ni/sub x/Sb/sub 12/ type XANES and neutron diffraction studies","authors":"L. Chapon, D. Ravot, J. Tedenac, F. Bouree-Vignerons","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843323","url":null,"abstract":"Low thermal conductivity of filled and partially filled skutterudites is due to specific properties of filling atom. In order to achieve a better fundamental understanding of this behavior, we have performed XANES and neutron diffraction experiments for the Ce/sub y/Fe/sub 4-x/Ni/sub x/Sb/sub 12/ class compounds.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124530469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High temperature thermoelectric properties of MNiSn (M=Zr, Hf)","authors":"B. Cook, G. Meisner, J. Yang, C. Uher","doi":"10.1109/ICT.1999.843335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICT.1999.843335","url":null,"abstract":"The high temperature transport properties in a series of intermetallic half-Heusler alloys of the form MNiSn, where M=Zr, Hf, have been examined. The semiconducting nature of these materials due to the formation of a pseudo-gap in the density of states make them promising candidates for intermediate temperature thermoelectric applications. Samples of pure and Sb-doped ZrNiSn, HfNiSn, and (Zr-Hf)NiSn were prepared by arc melting and homogenized by heat treatment. Phase purity was determined by X-ray diffraction and the microstructures were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient of these samples was characterized between 300 K and 1050 K. At room temperature, the data match closely with the results recently reported by us. The thermopower initially increases with temperature, exhibits a broad maximum between 400 K and 600 K, and decreases to a common value, characteristic of the magnitude of the forbidden gap. The electrical resistivity decreases with temperature following a T/sup -1/ dependence. A correlation between the magnitude of the thermopower and the Hf/Zr ratio was observed. An estimate of the magnitude of the gap was made from a plot of 1n(/spl sigma/) versus reciprocal temperature, giving a value of 0.21 eV which is in good agreement with previous estimates. The effects of antimony and bismuth doping on the electrical properties are discussed.","PeriodicalId":253439,"journal":{"name":"Eighteenth International Conference on Thermoelectrics. Proceedings, ICT'99 (Cat. No.99TH8407)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124582082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}