{"title":"Advanced Pixel Engineering for High-Resolution Spatial Light Modulators Based on Liquid Crystal on Silicon Technology","authors":"Jiantong Song, , , Mengdi Sun, , , Daping Chu*, , and , Haining Yang*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01992","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01992","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Spatial light modulators (SLMs) based on liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) technology have been widely used in various advanced optical systems, including information displays, data communication, quantum optics, precision manufacturing, etc. LCOS technology is rapidly evolving toward higher resolution with smaller pixel pitches. This promises the development of highly compact optical systems with enhanced capabilities. However, high-resolution LCOS devices often suffer from poor optical efficiency, a mechanism that cannot be explained by conventional theory based on the filling factor of the pixel array. In this work, we conducted a thorough investigation into the loss mechanism of high-resolution LCOS devices. It has been identified that surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and subwavelength gap cavity modes (CMs) are the primary sources of optical loss. Based on these findings, a simple modification of the pixel array structure was developed and experimentally validated. As a result, the reflectivity of the modified pixel array was improved to >90% within the target wavelength range. The thickness of our reflectivity enhancement layer was more than 95% smaller than that of the conventional dielectric mirror used to enhance reflectivity within the same wavelength range. These results provide fundamental insights for the future development of high-resolution LCOS devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5806–5813"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase Transition Engineering for Exciton Dynamics in Atomically Thin Semiconductors","authors":"Sihan Lin, , , Zeliang Zhang, , , Wenqi Qian, , , Haiyi Liu, , , Tengteng Gao, , , Changlin Sun, , , Guangyi Tao, , , Fangxun Liu, , , Lie Lin, , , Pengfei Qi*, , , Li-Guo Zhu, , , Zheyu Fang, , and , Weiwei Liu, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01269","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01269","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Two-dimensional excitonic devices are of great potential to overcome the dilemma of response time and integration in current electronic and/or photonic systems, where dynamically controlling the spatiotemporal dynamics of exciton flux is a cornerstone. Although tip-induced strain engineering and surface acoustic waves (SAWs) have been proposed, the complex accessorial configurations severely limit the applications in integrated devices. Here, we systematically investigate phase transition engineering of vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) for exciton dynamics in an atomically thin semiconductor. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectra demonstrate that PL reaches a maximum at the phase transition temperature <i>T</i><sub>c</sub> (340 K), due to the increase in free carrier density during the insulator-to-metal transition. The thermal hysteresis loop is first observed from PL spectra due to the latent heat in the phase transition. The increased free carrier density during the VO<sub>2</sub> phase transition can dynamically modulate the exciton diffusion coefficient, where the enhanced charged excitons (trions) near the insulator–metal transition temperature promote the exciton diffusion coefficient. The hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) intercalation mitigates the VO<sub>2</sub>-induced negative effects through dielectric screening and interfacial defect reduction while preserving the dynamic phase transition modulation capability in the PL spectra and yielding a more than doubled enhancement of the exciton diffusion coefficient. These findings highlight the importance of phase transition engineering for two-dimensional (2D) exciton-based devices and lay a foundation for the development of functional excitonic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5537–5547"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS PhotonicsPub Date : 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00506
Jing Jing Dai*, , , Jian Jun Luo, , , Wei Li, , , Sheng Nan Li, , , Jie Wang, , , Zeng Shuai Tian, , and , Zhi Yong Wang,
{"title":"In-Phase Coherent Parallel-Coupled Analysis of Two-Dimensional Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays with Talbot Cavity","authors":"Jing Jing Dai*, , , Jian Jun Luo, , , Wei Li, , , Sheng Nan Li, , , Jie Wang, , , Zeng Shuai Tian, , and , Zhi Yong Wang, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00506","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00506","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Coherent laser output in vertical cavity, surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays has attracted enormous attention owing to its potential applications in various fields. In this article, we utilize a Talbot cavity-phase locking technology to achieve in-phase coherent VCSEL arrays (Talbot-VCSEL). A Talbot cavity parallel coupling model of Talbot-VCSEL arrays is established based on Fresnel diffraction theory and mutual injecting locking theory. The magnitude of parallel-coupled optical feedback can be evaluated using the mutual coupling coefficient <i>C</i><sub><i>mn</i></sub>, which can be calculated by this model. Furthermore, by combination of parallel-coupled optical feedback with the laser rate equations, the phase locking dynamic behavior of hexagonal Talbot-VCSEL arrays with different Talbot cavities is analyzed. We demonstrate that the in-phase coherent parallel-coupled laser output in the hexagonal Talbot-VCSEL array with a Talbot cavity length of <i>Z</i><sub><i>T</i></sub>/4. In the experiment, we designed and fabricated a 19-element hexagonal in-phase coherent Talbot-VCSEL array. It has been shown that the fwhm of the spectrum is 0.15 nm and the far-field distribution exhibits highly in-phase coherent performance, which aligns well with theoretical calculation results. This technique opens a new path to achieve large-scale, highly in-phase coherent VCSEL arrays.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5365–5373"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS PhotonicsPub Date : 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01447
Tanay Paul, , , Allison M. Green, , , Delia J. Milliron*, , and , Thomas M. Truskett*,
{"title":"Plasmon Polaritons in Disordered Nanoparticle Assemblies","authors":"Tanay Paul, , , Allison M. Green, , , Delia J. Milliron*, , and , Thomas M. Truskett*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01447","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01447","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multilayer assemblies of metal nanoparticles can act as photonic structures, where collective plasmon resonances hybridize with cavity modes to create plasmon-polariton states. For sufficiently strong coupling, plasmon polaritons qualitatively alter the optical properties of light-matter systems, with applications ranging from sensing to solar energy. However, results from experimental studies have raised questions about the role of nanoparticle structural disorder in plasmon-polariton formation and the strength of light-matter coupling in plasmonic assemblies. Understanding how disorder affects optical properties has practical implications since methods for assembling low-defect nanoparticle superlattices are slow and scale poorly. Modeling realistic disorder requires large system sizes, which is challenging using conventional electromagnetic simulations. We employ Brownian dynamics simulations to construct large-scale nanoparticle multilayers with controlled structural order. We investigate their far- and near-field optical response using a superposition T-matrix method with two-dimensional periodic boundary conditions. We find that while structural disorder broadens the polaritonic stop band and the near-field hot-spot distribution, the polariton dispersion and coupling strength remain unaltered. To understand the effects of nanoparticle composition, we consider assemblies with Drude model particles mimicking gold or tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) nanocrystals. Assemblies of ITO nanocrystals, which have lower carrier concentrations, exhibit ultrastrong coupling, in contrast to Au nanoparticle multilayers that display deep strong coupling. Finally, we demonstrate that while computationally efficient mutual polarization method calculations employing the quasistatic approximation modestly overestimate the strength of collective plasmon coupling in these assemblies, they reproduce the polariton dispersion relations determined by electrodynamic simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5682–5696"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS PhotonicsPub Date : 2025-09-27DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01310
T. Gregory, , , E. Toninelli, , , P.-A. Moreau, , , S. P. Mekhail, , , O. Wolley, , , K. Roberts, , , J. Bělín, , , S. M. Barnett, , and , M. J. Padgett*,
{"title":"Resolution in Two-Photon Imaging: A Local Manifestation of Entanglement","authors":"T. Gregory, , , E. Toninelli, , , P.-A. Moreau, , , S. P. Mekhail, , , O. Wolley, , , K. Roberts, , , J. Bělín, , , S. M. Barnett, , and , M. J. Padgett*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01310","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01310","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The resolution of a classical imaging system is limited by diffraction. This limit can be overcome, for example, by implementing various forms of localization microscopy in which the center of a fluorescence distribution is estimated to an accuracy scaling with the square root of the number of detected photons, <i></i><math><msqrt><mi>N</mi></msqrt></math>. In quantum imaging the object can be illuminated using correlated photon-pairs, leading early work to suggest that a <i></i><math><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt></math> improvement could be obtained as a result of averaging the position of <i>N</i> = 2 events. However, similar to quantum lithography, which relies upon quantum illumination using entangled photon-pairs and two-photon absorption, the minimum resolvable feature size is reduced by a factor of 2, not just <i></i><math><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt></math>. Quantum imaging schemes can also lead to a factor of 2 improvement. By using a similar source of correlated photon-pairs to illuminate an object, a single-photon sensitive camera to detect the photon-pairs, and an image processing algorithm to record and sum the bisector positions of the transmitted photon-pairs, we realize a similar factor of ×2 improvement in image resolution, surpassing that of most earlier quantum imaging work.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5594–5604"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS PhotonicsPub Date : 2025-09-26DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01294
Urban Mur*, , , Jaka Zaplotnik, , , Martin Horvat, , , Igor Muševič, , and , Miha Ravnik,
{"title":"Photonic Eigenmodes of 2D Cylindrical Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Resonators","authors":"Urban Mur*, , , Jaka Zaplotnik, , , Martin Horvat, , , Igor Muševič, , and , Miha Ravnik, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01294","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01294","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are birefringent materials with a helical molecular orientation that enables the selective reflection of circularly polarized light, making them valuable for various optical applications. While extensively studied in planar geometries, their optical properties in cylindrical and droplet-shaped confinements remain less understood. This article numerically investigates photonic eigenmodes in 2D cylindrical CLC resonators with concentric layered and spiral configurations. We demonstrate that the interplay of cylindrical confinement and cholesteric helicity gives rise to distinct optical modes: (i) Bragg-like modes, (ii) central defect modes, and (iii) whispering gallery modes at the boundary or within the bulk. These findings connect the well-known behavior of 1D CLC layers with more complex 2D cylindrical and 3D spherical systems and provide insight into the polarization-dependent mode structure in anisotropic media. The results have implications for designing advanced CLC-based photonic elements such as soft-matter-based lasers and spherical reflectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5572–5585"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid Mode/Wavelength Multiplexer Based on Lithium Niobate on Insulator","authors":"Mingyu Zhu, , , Weike Zhao, , , Aoyun Gao, , , Weihan Wang, , , Huang Fei, , , Dajian Liu, , , Daixin Lian, , , Shi Zhao, , , Chun Gao, , , Zejie Yu, , and , Daoxin Dai*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01285","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01285","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multiplexing technology is crucial for boosting optical communication systems’ traffic capacity and has seen extensive development in integrated photonics. However, for the emerging lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform, on-chip mode and wavelength manipulation remain challenging─due to the material’s inherent anisotropy and LNOI waveguides’ vertical asymmetry─hampering high-performance multiplexer development and its use in advanced photonic systems. This work presents a highly scalable hybrid mode/wavelength multiplexer for high-capacity on-chip optical communication compatible with dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems. Its architecture integrates a 4-channel mode multiplexer and four wavelength division multiplexers. The mode multiplexer is designed along the Z-propagating axis of an x-cut LNOI wafer to minimize mode hybridness, enabling simultaneous multiplexing of TE<sub>0</sub>, TE<sub>1</sub>, TE<sub>2</sub>, and TE<sub>3</sub> modes. The wavelength division multiplexer uses cascaded Fabry–Perot cavity filters along the wafer’s Y-propagating axis. Fabricated devices show excellent performance: a 4-mode × 12-wavelength (3.2 nm spacing) multiplexer has a 3 dB bandwidth of ∼1.3 nm, an extinction ratio of up to 38 dB, an excess loss of ∼0.5 dB, and interchannel crosstalk below −25 dB. A 4-mode × 8-wavelength (1.6 nm spacing) version also achieves an excess loss of ∼0.5 dB and crosstalk below −18 dB. These results highlight multidimensional multiplexing’s value for high-capacity optical interconnections, laying the groundwork for advanced optical communication systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5548–5555"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultra-wide Dynamic Range 109 dB β-Ga2O3 Photodetector Array: Broadest Linear Response from Dim to Bright Light","authors":"Xiaobo She, , , Yingxu Wang, , , Xiang Wang*, , , Xinlei Chen, , , Yucheng Hou, , , Hengyu Zhang, , , Lingyun Zhang, , , Lingfei Li, , , Jianfeng Jiang, , , Yufeng Guo*, , and , Yu Liu*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00688","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00688","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ultraviolet C (UV–C) band holds significant applications, but current photodetectors are restricted due to their inadequacy in achieving optimal detection performance under both dim and bright illumination conditions. To address these challenges, we have developed an 8 × 8 β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> photodetector array that demonstrates superior linearity across an ultrawide dynamic range in the UV–C band, from dim to bright light (40 nW/cm<sup>2</sup> to 12.2 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>). This achievement represents the broadest detection range among current integrated array devices. Moreover, our fabricated array exhibits excellent uniformity, with a photocurrent of 1.56 μA (σ = 0.229 μA), all devices conforming to the 3σ distribution. Our device demonstrates superior image processing capabilities, achieving recognition accuracies of 87.27% and 85.55% under dim and bright illumination conditions, respectively. Furthermore, the data set processed utilizing the light intensity-to-photocurrent linearity relationship of our device attained an approximate recognition accuracy of 91%, comparable to that of the original data set. These results signify a notable advancement in UV–C photodetection technology and machine vision applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5374–5381"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS PhotonicsPub Date : 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00986
A. Miguel-Torcal*, , , T. F. Allard, , , P. A. Huidobro, , , F. J. García-Vidal, , and , A. I. Fernández-Domínguez*,
{"title":"Constructing Qubit Edge States by Inverse-Designing the Electromagnetic Environment","authors":"A. Miguel-Torcal*, , , T. F. Allard, , , P. A. Huidobro, , , F. J. García-Vidal, , and , A. I. Fernández-Domínguez*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00986","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00986","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Building on advances in topological photonics and computational optimization, we inverse-design a periodic dielectric structure surrounding a chain of interacting qubits, emulating an extended, dimerized Su–Schrieffer–Heeger excitonic model. Our approach enables precise control over photon-mediated interactions, allowing us to explore the emergence of topological edge states in the qubit chain. By systematically tuning structural parameters to address both coherent evolution and dissipative effects, we demonstrate that edge states remain robust and isolated from the bulk, even in the presence of long-range coupling and disorder, and preserve key topological properties despite deviations from complete chiral symmetry preservation. This work highlights the potential of inverse design in stabilizing topological excitonic states, opening new possibilities for advanced quantum technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5434–5442"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00986","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ACS PhotonicsPub Date : 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01249
Zhaocong Wang, , , Qingqiang Cui, , , Yang Tan*, , and , Feng Chen*,
{"title":"WGM Photonic Molecules as a Platform for Stable Pulsed Laser Emission Generation","authors":"Zhaocong Wang, , , Qingqiang Cui, , , Yang Tan*, , and , Feng Chen*, ","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01249","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c01249","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The WGM resonator, owing to its high <i>Q</i>-factor and compact structure, stands out as an ideal resonant cavity for the miniaturization of solid-state lasers. However, current research is limited to CW lasers and excludes pulsed lasers due to stricter material/structural demands of pulsed laser operation. Here, we achieved a stable <i>Q</i>-switched pulsed laser output using WGM microcavities fabricated from various YAG crystalline films, and we propose that WGM photonic molecules hold significant promise as a platform for generating stable pulsed laser emissions. However, this size increased the number of cavity modes, leading to multimode oscillation and making it difficult for a single WGM microcavity (i.e., the Cr,Nd:YAG microring) to generate stable <i>Q</i>-switched pulsed laser output. To address this issue, we constructed a WGM photonic molecule by combining the Cr,Nd:YAG microring with a YAG microdisk. By utilizing the Vernier effect within this WGM photonic molecule for mode selection, we successfully achieved stable single-mode <i>Q</i>-switched pulsed laser output at 1065.64 nm with a signal-to-noise ratio below 23.8 dB. This pulsed laser exhibited stable pulse emission characteristics, with a maximum repetition rate of 21.1 MHz and a minimum pulse width of 5.121 ns. This work demonstrates that, compared to a single WGM microcavity, photonic molecules offer a more convenient and effective platform for achieving stable <i>Q</i>-switched pulsed laser output.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 10","pages":"5528–5536"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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