ACS Photonics最新文献

{"title":"Optical Nonlinearity of Transparent Conducting Oxides: More Metallic than Realized","authors":"Ieng-Wai Un,&nbsp;Naama Harcavi and Yonatan Sivan*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c0038410.1021/acsphotonics.5c00384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00384https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00384","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have recently been shown to have a remarkably strong nonlinear optical response. We show that the popular ascription of their nonlinearity to the temperature-dependence of the plasma frequency is only a partial description of their response to intense illumination. Specifically, we show that an increase in the electron collision rate upon illumination and consequent heating contributes to the permittivity in a manner that can be quantitatively comparable to the contribution of the temperature-dependent plasma frequency. This behavior makes the optical nonlinearity of TCOs more similar to that of noble metals than realized so far, and as far as the imaginary part of the permittivity is concerned, this behavior is qualitatively opposite compared to that assumed so far.</p>","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 4","pages":"1718–1721 1718–1721"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cascading-Induced Fundamental Linewidth Enhancement of a Microcavity Brillouin Laser","authors":"Min Wang, Chengnian Liu, Xin Zhou, Jincheng Li, Ze Wang, Da-Quan Yang, Qi-Fan Yang, Bei-Bei Li","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00127","url":null,"abstract":"Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in microresonators provides a simple way to achieve chip-scale narrow-linewidth lasers. While theoretical studies suggest that the cascading effect enhances the fundamental linewidth of the first-order Brillouin laser, this phenomenon has yet to be experimentally validated. In this work, we investigate the fundamental linewidth behaviors of the Brillouin lasers in both the non-cascaded and cascaded cases using an ultrahigh-<i>Q</i> factor microrod resonator. In the non-cascaded case, we achieve a Brillouin laser with a 188 mHz fundamental linewidth without using an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. In the cascaded case, we observe, for the first time, that the cascading effect enhances the fundamental linewidth of the first-order Brillouin laser. These findings highlight the importance of mitigating or avoiding the cascading effect to achieve the narrowest possible linewidths of Brillouin lasers.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third-Harmonic Generation Imaging of Local Doping, Mechanical Stress, and Stray Electric Fields in Silicon Microchips","authors":"Hanna Bandarenka, Davoud Adinehloo, Evgenii Oskolkov, Andrey Kuzmin, Artem Pliss, Onoruoiza David Shaibu, Jonathan Bird, Alexander Baev, Vasili Perebeinos, Paras N. Prasad","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c01924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c01924","url":null,"abstract":"We employ third-harmonic generation (THG) imaging for noninvasive characterization of silicon wafers and microchips and demonstrate that a much higher contrast can be achieved in THG compared to reflection imaging. In particular, the THG signal clearly distinguishes between n-type and p-type silicon samples coated with native silicon dioxide, which were indistinguishable in the reflection imaging mode. The THG response showed a higher contrast in mechanically stressed samples and under in-plane electric fields. Our experimental results, supported by first-principles calculations, demonstrate that THG imaging is a robust tool for assessing doping, mechanical stress, and electric fields in silicon-based structures, offering significant potential for advanced semiconductor diagnostics and the development of next-generation electronic components.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Nonlinearity of Transparent Conducting Oxides: More Metallic than Realized","authors":"Ieng-Wai Un, Naama Harcavi, Yonatan Sivan","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00384","url":null,"abstract":"Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have recently been shown to have a remarkably strong nonlinear optical response. We show that the popular ascription of their nonlinearity to the temperature-dependence of the plasma frequency is only a partial description of their response to intense illumination. Specifically, we show that an increase in the electron collision rate upon illumination and consequent heating contributes to the permittivity in a manner that can be quantitatively comparable to the contribution of the temperature-dependent plasma frequency. This behavior makes the optical nonlinearity of TCOs more similar to that of noble metals than realized so far, and as far as the imaginary part of the permittivity is concerned, this behavior is qualitatively opposite compared to that assumed so far.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognizing Excellence in Photonics: Finalists of the ACS Photonics Young Investigator Award","authors":"Romain Quidant","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00449","url":null,"abstract":"The &lt;i&gt;ACS Photonics&lt;/i&gt; Young Investigator Award celebrates outstanding early career researchers in photonics, recognizing their innovative research and significant contributions to the field. While only one recipient is ultimately chosen, the journal acknowledges the exceptional talent and dedication of all finalists. This year, three outstanding researchers, Dan Congreve, Francesco Monticone, and Lina Quan, distinguished themselves, showcasing the breadth and depth of cutting-edge photonics research. &lt;b&gt;Dan Congreve&lt;/b&gt; (Stanford University) has demonstrated exceptional ingenuity in manipulating light, energy, and spin at the nanoscale. His work on thin-film upconversion has substantially advanced applications in photovoltaics, night vision, and anticounterfeiting, achieving significant efficiency improvements through innovative materials engineering. His exploration of &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; upconversion opens new avenues for deep-tissue photochemistry and volumetric 3D printing, pushing the boundaries of nanofabrication. Furthermore, Congreve’s advancements in perovskite light emission, particularly in blue and UV LEDs, are addressing critical challenges in lighting, sensing, and communication. His research is a testament to the transformative power of controlled light manipulation for real-world impact. &lt;b&gt;Francesco Monticone&lt;/b&gt; (Cornell University) has rapidly established himself as a leader in topological physics, nonreciprocity, and nonlocal photonics. His profound understanding of wave phenomena and his ability to translate theoretical concepts into innovative devices, such as metalenses and nonlocal metasurfaces, have sparked important discussions about the fundamental limits of photonics technologies. Monticone’s contributions extend beyond research, encompassing leadership in the photonics community and entrepreneurial ventures in thermal photonics. His recent tenure at Cornell University and numerous accolades, including the Cornell Engineering Research Excellence Award, underscore his exceptional achievements and promising future. &lt;b&gt;Lina Quan&lt;/b&gt; (Virginia Tech) is advancing the exploration of emerging semiconductors, particularly halide perovskites, for next-generation photonic and electronic applications. Her research group’s interdisciplinary approach is yielding fundamental insights into the structure–property relationships of these materials. Quan’s discovery of optical retardation effects in copper-based 2D hybrid perovskites and her development of high-temperature stable nonlinear optical switching materials are addressing long-standing challenges in the field. Her exploration of chiral semiconductors for spintronics, supported by a prestigious DOE Early Career Research Program award, further highlights her innovative approach. Quan’s work is poised to significantly impact bioimaging, optical communication, and beyond. These three finalists represent the future of photonics, each contributing unique and impactful research that pus","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photonics Neural Networks for Multimodal Recognition Based on the Self-Activated MAC Function of DFB-SA","authors":"Dianzhuang Zheng, Shuiying Xiang, Yahui Zhang, Xingxing Guo, Yuechun Shi, Yue Hao","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00415","url":null,"abstract":"Inspired by biological nervous systems, multimodal deep learning integrates multimodal information to enhance perception and decision-making, yet its high computational demands challenge traditional microelectronic processors in energy efficiency and speed. Photonic neuromorphic computing offers a promising solution, but implementing linear weighting and nonlinear activation typically requires different photonic materials and devices, complicating large-scale integration. Here, we propose and demonstrate a hybrid optoelectronic neural network architecture based on a distributed feedback laser with a saturable absorber (DFB-SA) array, designed to mimic biological audiovisual fusion for multimodal recognition tasks. This architecture leverages the self-activated multiply accumulate (MAC) function of the DFB-SA laser, seamlessly integrating both linear weighting and nonlinear activation into a single device, thus significantly improving integration efficiency. The proposed multimodal neural network outperforms unimodal recognition methods in recognition accuracy and robustness under challenging conditions, achieving over 90% accuracy in hardware inference. Each computational core achieves a speed of 1.6 GOPS, an energy efficiency of 38.1 GOPS/W, and a unit area speed of 21.3 GOPS/mm², with overall performance scaling linearly with the number of cores. Furthermore, we develop a robot obstacle avoidance system utilizing the self-activated MAC function of DFB-SA laser neurons. This work presents a high-performance computing hardware platform for multimodal deep learning, demonstrating its potential for simulating biological multisensory recognition and enabling scalable photonic AI models.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrared Metaplasmonics","authors":"Zarko Sakotic, Noah Mansfeld, Amogh Raju, Alexander Ware, Divya Hungund, Daniel Krueger, Daniel Wasserman","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00147","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmonic response in metals, defined as the ability to support subwavelength confinement of surface plasmon modes, is typically limited to a narrow frequency range below the metals’ plasma frequency. This places severe limitations on the operational wavelengths of plasmonic materials and devices. However, when the volume of a metal film is massively decreased, highly confined quasi-two-dimensional surface plasmon modes can be supported out to wavelengths well beyond the plasma wavelength. While this has, thus far, been achieved using ultrathin (nm-scale) metals, such films are quite difficult to realize and suffer from even higher losses than bulk plasmonic films. To extend the plasmonic response to the infrared, here we introduce the concept of metaplasmonics, representing a novel plasmonic modality with a host of appealing properties. By fabricating and characterizing a series of metaplasmonic nanoribbons, we demonstrate large confinement, high-quality factors, and large near-field enhancements across a broad wavelength range, extending well beyond the limited bandwidth of traditional plasmonic materials. We demonstrate 35× plasmon wavelength reduction, and numerical simulations suggest that further wavelength reduction, up to a factor of 150, is achievable using our approach. The demonstration of the metaplasmonics paradigm offers a promising path to fill the near- and mid-infrared technological gap for high-quality plasmonic materials and provides a new material system to study the effects of extreme plasmonic confinement for applications in nonlinear and quantum plasmonics.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adiabatic Energetic Annealing via Dual Single-Pixel Detection in an Optical Nonlinear Ising Machine","authors":"Luana Olivieri, Andrew R. Cooper, Luke Peters, Vittorio Cecconi, Alessia Pasquazi, Marco Peccianti, Juan S. Totero Gongora","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02496","url":null,"abstract":"Photonic Ising machines are leading key advancements in solving large combinatorial problems, leveraging large-scale platforms with parallel computing capabilities. A well-known bottleneck of complex problems is the appearance of multiple minima in the energetic landscape that attract Metropolis-based iterations in suboptimal solutions, thus hindering the performance of standard optical solvers in large systems. By introducing a double single-pixel detection scheme based on intensity and field averages in an optical-based Ising machine, we effectively implement local and nonlocal nonlinear Hamiltonians, representing a complex and simple state, respectively. Transitioning from nonlocal to local nonlinear detection enables to adiabatically morph the energetic landscape, enhancing the success rate of finding the optimal solution compared to standard isothermal approaches.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PTLOR-Net: Physical Transfer Learning Based Optical Response Prediction Network of Metasurfaces","authors":"Lu Zhu, Cong Lv, Wei Hua, Dechang Huang, Yuanyuan Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00104","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate and rapid optical predictions of metasurfaces are essential for assessing their performance. However, traditional data-driven models depend on large-scale data sets and necessitate retraining of parameters for different data set paradigms. Furthermore, these models are often limited in generalization and transfer abilities due to neglecting physical prior knowledge and spatial-physical correlations in data. This paper addresses these challenges by introducing the physical transfer learning based optical response prediction network (PTLOR-Net) of metasurfaces, consisting of the physical representation model (PRM) and the fusion-prediction model (FPM). The encoder of PRM captures physical information applicable across many optical scenarios under the constraints of governing equations, while the FPM integrates multiscale features and maps them to predict optical responses. PTLOR-Net can transfer knowledge across similar and different types of data sets, which facilitates the physical transfer from all-dielectric metasurfaces to metasurfaces or absorbers at different frequency bands. Remarkably, with merely 1800 samples, the PTLOR-Net can effectively predict the absorption spectrum of the absorbers with high degrees of freedom (DOFs)─a 10-fold reduction in training data compared to conventional neural networks. Additionally, the generative model integrated with the PTLOR-Net achieves the inverse design of the absorber and further verifies the effectiveness of the prediction.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anion Exchange-Induced Invisible Perovskite Encryption System with Time-Dependence for Confidential Information Security","authors":"Longjie Lei, Kaiyu Yang, Yang Liu, Qingkai Zhang, Kuibao Yu, Fushan Li","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00097","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of burgeoning information technology, ensuring the impregnable transmission of confidential information has emerged as a paramount global imperative. Traditional fluorescent encryption materials are limited in advanced encryption due to their visible properties under ultraviolet light, while improved stimulus-responsive encryption strategies are usually based on static information. Herein, we exploit a novel high-security encryption strategy using metal halides and perovskite quantum dots as invisible inks and developer, respectively. The decryption of the information is impervious to traditional decryption means, necessitating the possession of the appropriate quadruple key to accomplish the decryption process. This approach leverages the anion exchange mechanism between metal halides and perovskite quantum dots, thereby enabling a multilevel encryption system. Consequently, the strategy establishes a multitiered and multifaceted security framework, which has significant application potential in the protection of confidential information requiring a superior level of security and provides a novel encryption and decryption scheme in the field of information security.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}