ACS Photonics最新文献

{"title":"Retina-Inspired Dual-Mode Photodetector with Spectral-Tunable Memory Switching for Neuromorphic Visual Systems","authors":"Chao Han, Jiayue Han, Lei Guo, Xingwei Han, Meiyu He, Yurong Zhang, Zhiming Wu, He Yu, Jun Gou, Jun Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00036","url":null,"abstract":"The development of multifunctional photodetectors that integrate sensing, storage, and computing to mimic the human visual system for efficient image processing is a key area of research. In particular, retina-inspired optoelectronic devices with multispectral information preprocessing capabilities are critical for constructing neuromorphic visual systems; however, achieving this in traditional photodetectors is challenging due to the lack of suitable photoresponse modes. Herein, a graphene/organic photodetector (GOP) with a spectral-tunable photoresponse memory mode switching feature is demonstrated. Benefiting from the unique photogenerated charge transfer and trapping behavior in the heterojunction, the device exhibits memory-free (with recovery times of a few milliseconds) and long-memory (with recovery times of several hundred seconds) photoresponse modes under long-wavelength (650–1064 nm) and short-wavelength (370–520 nm) light stimulation, respectively. Furthermore, the device supports spectral-tunable dual-mode switching between photosynaptic and photodetection under multiple light pulse stimulations, enabling real-time preprocessing of images with mixed green and red dual-wavelength information using a GOP-based 3 × 3-pixel image sensor. We also demonstrate a GOP-constructed neuromorphic visual system for efficient image processing, where the front-end GOP-based image sensor filters out background noise in the input images, significantly improving the image recognition accuracy of the back-end GOP-connected artificial neural network (from 40 to 93%).","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Finite Element Modeling of Light Scattering in Symmetric Structures: A Nondegenerate Case","authors":"Jingwei Wang, Lida Liu, Yuhao Jing, Zhongfei Xiong, Dominik Kowal, Yuntian Chen","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02474","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, advancements in optical scattering of nanostructures have significantly driven the development of telecommunications, medical imaging, detection, and novel light sources. However, due to the structural complexity of nanostructures, particularly metasurfaces and metamaterials, traditional methods of full-wave modeling for simulating optical scattering face substantial challenges due to increased degrees of freedom. In this work, we propose a symmetry-adapted finite element method to reduce the computational domain and enhance the efficiency of optical scattering simulations. By introducing the concepts of symmetry group and projection operator, we offer a formal and rigorous framework for decomposing the original problem, i.e., the incident condition, boundary constraints, and the finite element method implementation in decoupled subtasks. To demonstrate its broad applicability, we present three numerical examples: the enhancement of light confinement via quasi-bound states in the continuum in a photonic crystal slab, the scattering cross sections of incident configurations, and the calculation of transmission spectra in the metasurface. These examples illustrate the use of the symmetry finite element method under different symmetry conditions, including mirror symmetry, rotational symmetry, and the combination of Bloch’s theorem. Our method significantly reduces computation time and memory usage, thereby greatly improving the computational efficiency. Given the universality of symmetry principles, our method has important applications in the optical analysis and design of symmetric photonic devices, especially for symmetric yet large-sized optical structures.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"57 14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Tweezers with Optical Vortex Based on Deep Learning","authors":"Zhe Shen, Ning Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00137","url":null,"abstract":"Optical tweezers with structured light expand the degrees of freedom of particle manipulation. However, studies of structured optical tweezers are usually accompanied by complex theoretical models, strict simulation conditions, and uncertain experimental factors, which may bring about high time costs and insufficiently precise results. In this work, we proposed a bidirectional neural network model for the analysis and design of optical tweezers with optical vortices, as a typical structured light beam. The deep learning network derived from the convolutional neural network was optimized to fit the optical vortex tweezers model. In analyzing optical forces, the network can achieve over 98% accuracy and improve computational efficiency by more than 20 times. In further analyzing particle trajectories, the network can also achieve over 95.5% accuracy. Meanwhile, in optical tweezers with vortex-like beams, our network can still predict particle motion behavior with a high accuracy of up to 96.2%. Our network can inversely design optical vortex tweezers on demand with 95.4% accuracy. In addition, the experimental results in optical tweezers with a plasmonic vortex can be analyzed by the proposed model, which can be used to achieve arbitrary optical manipulation. Our work demonstrates that the proposed deep learning network can provide an effective algorithmic platform for the analysis and design of optical tweezers and is expected to promote the application of optical tweezers in biomedicine.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maneuverable Optical Selection of Multi-Branch Exciton-Polariton Modes in Disk-Shaped Perovskite Microcavities","authors":"Yifan Dong, Hao Wu, Xiaokun Zhai, Baili Li, Qixian Xie, Zhenyu Xiong, Peicheng Liu, Yanmei Li, Yuan Ren","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02319","url":null,"abstract":"Exciton-polaritons are composite bosonic quasiparticles formed by the strong coupling of photons and excitons, possessing a hybrid light-matter nature. Under certain conditions, they can achieve Bose–Einstein condensation at room temperature. Additionally, the information carried by photons leaking during their recombination process can be detected in real space. In this paper, halide perovskite materials are utilized within an optical microcavity to design a microdisk with a radius of 3 μm for confining exciton-polaritons. This approach achieves room-temperature condensation of exciton-polaritons in a perovskite crystal potential well and allows for the control of modes with symmetric petal-like shapes. We experimentally and theoretically demonstrate that controlling the relative position of the pump beam and the microdisk enables simultaneous switching of the angular and radial modes of exciton-polaritons, which manifest in real space as petal modes with different numbers of petals and layers. We have achieved the switching between the following modes: low-order petal modes with angular quantum numbers <i>l</i> = 1 and <i>l</i> = 2, characterized by single-orbit petal structures, and high-order petal modes with an angular quantum number <i>l</i> = 7, characterized by multiradial-node petal structures. Polaritons in these modes condense at multiple energy levels of the two lower branches. This study has important implications for the research and development of room-temperature exciton-polariton-based optical logic devices.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Delayed Fluorescence in Nonlocal Metasurfaces: The Role of Electronic Strong Coupling","authors":"Yu-Chen Wei, Chih-Hsing Wang, Konstantinos S. Daskalakis, Pi-Tai Chou, Shunsuke Murai, Jaime Gómez Rivas","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00124","url":null,"abstract":"Strong light-matter coupling has garnered significant attention for its potential to optimize optoelectronic responses. In this study, we designed open cavities featuring nonlocal metasurfaces composed of aluminum nanoparticle arrays. The surface lattice resonances in these metasurfaces exhibit electronic strong coupling with the boron difluoride curcuminoid derivative, which is known for its highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence in the near-infrared. Our results show that delayed fluorescence induced by triplet–triplet annihilation can be enhanced by a factor of 2.0–2.6 in metasurfaces that are either tuned or detuned to the molecular electronic transition. We demonstrate that delayed fluorescence enhancements in these systems primarily stem from increased absorption in the organic layer caused by the nanoparticle array, while strong coupling has negligible effects on reverse intersystem crossing rates, aligning with previous studies. We support these findings with finite-difference-time-domain simulations. This study elucidates how light-matter interactions affect delayed fluorescence, highlighting the potential applications in optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Healing Behavior of Piezoelectric Crystals Studied Using Polarized Light","authors":"Nishkarsh Kumar, Jeeban Kumar Nayak, Surojit Bhunia, Shubham Chandel, Asima Pradhan, C. Malla Reddy, Nirmalya Ghosh","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02243","url":null,"abstract":"It is challenging to quantify the self-healing efficiency in crystalline materials with atomic precision. Organic crystals with self-healing capabilities are of particular interest due to their wide-ranging potential applications. In this study, we present a comprehensive polarization Mueller matrix analysis of a self-healing crystal. Our results not only probe and quantify the crystal’s various optical properties but also offer new insights into its self-healing mechanism. We observe that the mechanical stress-induced changes of the microscopic polarization properties of the crystal are manifested as the reduction of anisotropic parameters, e.g., diattenuation and retardance, in the imperfectly healed and fractured crystal. This reduction in amplitude and phase anisotropy parameters is interpreted as the manifestation of the photoelastic effect, where some remnant strain within the broken crystal leads to the alteration of the dielectric tensor of the anisotropic crystal. These alterations, in turn, explain changes in the macroscopic piezoelectric polarization through the orientation of the permanent dipoles and the generation of stress-induced surface charges, which leads to the autonomous self-healing of the crystal. Beyond its remarkable self-healing properties, the crystal also exhibits rich optical properties, e.g., strong polarization anisotropy effects, nonlinear properties, etc.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Transverse Thermoelectric Effect of 4H-SiC Single Crystal for the Applications of High-Energy Infrared Laser Detection","authors":"Yahui Huang, Jianyu Yang, Yong Wang, Bo Dai","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02569","url":null,"abstract":"Although the transverse thermoelectric (TTE) effect has been proposed for infrared (IR) laser detection, the development of cost-effective TTE materials for high-energy IR detection remains challenging. This work proposes a groundbreaking TTE material based on <i>c</i>-axis 4° tilted n-type 4H-SiC single crystals for IR laser detector applications. Pulsed lasers with wavelengths of 1080 nm and durations ranging from 5 to 40 ms were used as the irradiation sources. The voltages recorded on the 4H-SiC surface were demonstrated to originate from the TTE effect, driven by Seebeck coefficient anisotropy, as made evident by comparing signals from various electrode pairs. Additionally, the influence of the laser incidence angle on the peak voltage and decay time was investigated, which may enhance the theoretical understanding of the TTE effect. Furthermore, the response of the detectors at elevated temperatures, from room temperature (RT) to 400 °C, was evaluated. These results suggest that 4H-SiC single crystals are promising low-cost TTE materials for high-energy IR detection.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse-Design-Assisted On-Chip GRIN Meta-Lens for Dual-Polarization Multimode Waveguide Crossing","authors":"Yingjie Liu, Xin Qiao, Xingqi Wang, Rui Wu, Zhigang Zang","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02391","url":null,"abstract":"On-chip meta-lenses provide a flexible approach to manipulate guided waves on a chip using gradient-index subwavelength slot arrays. These arrays have recently gained attention for their compactness and reliability in functional photonic components. However, the reported schemes have only been demonstrated for single polarization. Here, the gradient-index meta-lens is utilized to realize a universal multimode waveguide crossing, which is an important component in the mode division multiplexing circuit, allowing complex network routing. For a proof-of-concept demonstration, a compact and three-channel silicon waveguide crossing for supporting six modes (three TE-polarization modes and three TM-polarization modes) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which has less insertion losses (&lt;0.7 dB) and low crosstalks (&lt;−14 dB) in the wavelength range from 1500 to 1600 nm. Moreover, a five-channel dual-mode waveguide crossing is also demonstrated, revealing that our solution can theoretically be flexibly extended to support more modes and more transmission channels. Our study paves the way for realizing dense-integration and large-capacity on-chip multimode routing and multiplexing systems.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Performance of Single-Photon Emitter Hosted in Hexagonal Boron Nitride via Two-Photon Excitation","authors":"Qian Xu, Bo Gao, Liang Zhao, Gang Lv, Jianqun Yang, Xingji Li","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00105","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly advancing field of quantum photonics, precise control of single-photon emitters (SPEs) is essential for the development of quantum technologies such as quantum computing, quantum communication, and quantum sensing. While single-photon excitation is widely used for SPEs, research on two-photon excitation is still limited, and its excitation mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we propose a mechanism for two-photon excitation involving two-photon absorption, excited-state reabsorption, radiative transitions, and nonradiative decay processes and also explore the low-temperature photophysical properties of the SPE hosted in hexagonal boron nitride under both single-photon and two-photon excitation conditions. Our findings demonstrate that under two-photon excitation, the SPE exhibits increased emission efficiency and decreased nonradiative losses, specifically manifested in narrower photoluminescence (PL) spectral line width, extended PL lifetime, and more robust PL emission, addressing key performance challenges of SPEs. Additionally, we provide insights into the underlying mechanisms that drive these improvements, offering a deeper understanding of how two-photon excitation enhances the photophysical properties of the SPE. This study highlights the potential of two-photon excitation to enhance the performance of the SPE and provides valuable insights for future quantum technology applications.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WSe2/β-Ga2O3 p–n Heterojunction-Based Normally Off Phototransistors for Self-Powered UV-C Detection","authors":"Soobeen Lee, Jeongmin Kim, Woong Choi, Jihyun Kim","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02595","url":null,"abstract":"A WSe₂/β-Ga₂O₃ heterojunction (HJ)-based enhancement-mode (E-mode) phototransistor with self-powered operation was developed for ultraviolet-C (UV-C) photodetector applications, featuring a top-gate p-type WSe₂ (p-WSe₂) and an n-type ultrawide-bandgap β-Ga₂O₃ that serves as both the conductive channel and UV-C absorption layer. To increase the hole concentration in WSe₂ dry-transferred onto β-Ga₂O₃, the top few layers of WSe₂ were oxidized to tungsten oxide (WO_<i>x</i>) (2 &lt; <i>x</i> &lt; 3) with a high work-function value via UV–ozone treatment. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed excellent interface quality with atomic-scale layer uniformity in the HJ of WO_<i>x</i>/WSe₂/β-Ga₂O₃. The WSe₂/β-Ga₂O₃ p–n HJ diode exhibited a high rectification ratio (∼10⁹) and an extremely low reverse current (14 fA), allowing the demonstration of a normally off n-channel β-Ga₂O₃ phototransistor integrated with an ultrathin p-WSe₂ stack. The type-II band alignment of this HJ promoted efficient separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs under UV-C illumination, allowing us to achieve excellent optoelectronic performance under standalone operation. Without an external power source, the WSe₂/β-Ga₂O₃ E-mode phototransistor exhibited excellent optoelectronic performance, including responsivity of 2.1 A W^–1, a photo-to-dark current ratio of 1.5 × 10³, external quantum efficiency of 10.2%, specific detectivity of 6.4 × 10⁷ Jones, UV-A selectivity with a rejection ratio (<i>R</i>_254nm/<i>R</i>_365nm) of 4, and a fast response without persistent photoconductivity. These findings highlight the potential of p-WSe₂/β-Ga₂O₃ heterostructure UV-C phototransistors with high sensitivity and energy efficiency because of their compact and standalone deep-UV optoelectronic architecture.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}