Virology最新文献_第4页

Characterizing the interactions between murine cytomegalovirus M72 and the carbon catabolite repression 4-negative on TATA-less (CCR4-NOT) complex 小鼠巨细胞病毒M72与碳分解代谢物抑制4-阴性TATA-less （CCR4-NOT）复合物的相互作用

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2026.110791

Olivia N. Brahms , Sandhya Gopal , Amanda Y. Xia , Jason W. Upton

{"title":"Characterizing the interactions between murine cytomegalovirus M72 and the carbon catabolite repression 4-negative on TATA-less (CCR4-NOT) complex","authors":"Olivia N. Brahms , Sandhya Gopal , Amanda Y. Xia , Jason W. Upton","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2026.110791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2026.110791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite being an important human pathogen, many Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gene products remain uncharacterized. The betaherpesvirus conserved core genes, UL72 from HCMV and M72, the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) homolog, were initially designated as the 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate pyrophosphatase (dUTPase) homolog. However, other researchers and we have shown that both are non-essential for replication and lack dUTPase activity. Using a proteomics approach, we previously established a set of candidates of functionally interacting host proteins with M72. Among them, several subunits of the carbon catabolite repression 4 (CCR4)–negative on TATA-less (NOT) complex were identified as likely functional interactors with M72. The CCR4-NOT complex is a multifunctional, heteromeric complex regarded as the main deadenylase in eukaryotic cells. Interactions between M72 and the CCR4-NOT complex were confirmed during infection and mapped. Here, we show that M72 binds to regions of CNOT1, the major scaffold and coordinator of the complex, which are responsible for recruiting the deadenylase subunits. We also reveal that M72 and CNOT1 are both required to augment normal MCMV replication. These results suggest a novel function for M72 in modulating the CCR4-NOT complex, as well as a pro-viral role for CNOT1 in MCMV pathogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"616 ","pages":"Article 110791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adjuvants enhance protective antibodies against seasonal influenza viruses following a single vaccination of Fluzone 佐剂增强对季节性流感病毒的保护性抗体接种后，单一的流感疫苗

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2026.110787

Matthew H. Thomas , Michael A. Carlock , Ted M. Ross

{"title":"Adjuvants enhance protective antibodies against seasonal influenza viruses following a single vaccination of Fluzone","authors":"Matthew H. Thomas , Michael A. Carlock , Ted M. Ross","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2026.110787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2026.110787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluzone is a commercial, split-inactivated influenza virus vaccine produced from embryonated chicken eggs and administered via intramuscular injection. One strategy to increase the potency of this vaccine is to formulate with an effective adjuvant. To address this goal, mice were vaccinated with Fluzone mixed with either squalane oil-in-water adjuvant (Addavax) or a combination of a synthetic toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR7/8 agonist (TRAC478). Mice vaccinated with vaccine plus adjuvant had higher anti-HA binding antibodies and hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) titers than mice administered unadjuvanted vaccine following a single vaccination. In general, mice vaccinated with Fluzone plus TRAC478 had higher HAI and neutralizing titers after the first vaccination compared to mice vaccinated with Fluzone plus Addavax. All vaccinated mice challenged with an H1N1 influenza virus (A/Brisbane/02/2018) lost little weight and survived challenge. Mice vaccinated with Fluzone plus either adjuvant had no detectable lung viral titers at day 3 post-challenge. Mice vaccinated with unadjuvanted Fluzone or mock vaccinated mice had 3-5 log higher viral titers. Vaccinated mice challenged with an H3N2 influenza virus (A/Switzerland/9715293/2013) lost, on average, 10–15 % of their original body weight by day 3 post-challenge but slowly recovered with viral lung titers that were 2–2.5 logs lower than mice administered unadjuvanted Fluzone. Lungs collected from mice vaccinated with Fluzone plus TRAC478 had low levels of lung infiltrating cells following a single vaccination. Overall, the use of adjuvant, particularly TRAC478, enhanced the elicitation of protective antibodies elicited by Fluzone following a single vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"616 ","pages":"Article 110787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The study of the Drosophila innubila nudivirus in cells and flies 在细胞和果蝇中无毛果蝇病毒的研究。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2026.110790

Margaret E. Schedl, Kent M. Mulkey, Taiye S. Adewumi, Robert L. Unckless

{"title":"The study of the Drosophila innubila nudivirus in cells and flies","authors":"Margaret E. Schedl, Kent M. Mulkey, Taiye S. Adewumi, Robert L. Unckless","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2026.110790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2026.110790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Species of the fruit fly, <em>Drosophila,</em> are essential models for investigating host/virus interactions. Research aimed at understanding how hosts mount immune defenses against viruses and how viruses evade those immune defenses relies on host/virus pairs that have evolved together over time, thus necessitating a need for a DNA virus model system for <em>Drosophila</em> with a virus that naturally infects the host. The <em>Drosophila innubila</em> nudivirus (DiNV) is an emerging model system poised to take on the role as the DNA virus model for <em>Drosophila</em>. In this paper we describe the development of the DiNV model system with animal and cell resources. We describe the development of new <em>Drosophila</em> cell lines, virus titration assays, anti-nucleocapsid antibodies, and injection-based DiNV infections in <em>Drosophila innubila</em>. We find that <em>D. innubila</em> cells can be used to grow DiNV for use in further experiments, and that DiNV grown from <em>D. innubila</em> cells is virulent when injected into adult <em>D. innubila</em>. The resources we have developed enable substantial future research on the DiNV-<em>D. innubila</em> system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"616 ","pages":"Article 110790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145968252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipid profiling of rabies virus infection in mice and cell lines 狂犬病毒感染小鼠和细胞系的脂质谱分析

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110770

Zhanzhong Zhao, Gangbin Tang, Xinghui Zhao, Gang Li

引用次数: 0

Between- and within-host mutation of dengue virus 登革病毒的宿主间和宿主内突变

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110750

Sachith Maduranga , Braulio Mark Valencia , Chathurani Sigera , Praveen Weeratunga , Deepika Fernando , Senaka Rajapakse , Melissa Rapadas , Ira W. Deveson , Andrew R. Lloyd , Rowena Bull , Chaturaka Rodrigo

{"title":"Between- and within-host mutation of dengue virus","authors":"Sachith Maduranga , Braulio Mark Valencia , Chathurani Sigera , Praveen Weeratunga , Deepika Fernando , Senaka Rajapakse , Melissa Rapadas , Ira W. Deveson , Andrew R. Lloyd , Rowena Bull , Chaturaka Rodrigo","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>RNA viruses exhibit high mutation rates, leading to multiple haplotypes (also referred to as quasi-species) within infected hosts and have been described in both acute (e.g. Influenza, DENV) and chronic (e.g. HIV, HCV) infections. This study characterises the mutation hotspots in DENV genomes at both consensus and haplotype levels.</div><div>Near full-length DENV genomes were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) from Sri Lankan dengue patients recruited between 2017 and 2020. Consensus sequences were made with Minimap-2, and haplotypes were reconstructed with Nano-Q, a tool designed for estimation of RNA virus haplotypes and their relative abundance. The genomic variability of DENV genomes was assessed using Shannon Entropy (SE). Codons undergoing diversifying selection were identified with three phylogenetics-based algorithms (FEL, MEME, FUBAR) implemented within the Datamonkey suite. Hotspots were defined as the high entropy codons that were also subject to diversifying selection.</div><div>From 150 samples tested, both consensus and haplotype sequences were characterised in 90 samples (DENV1: 8, DENV2: 51, DENV3: 31). At the consensus level, the NS2A gene had the greatest number of sites with higher Shannon entropy when adjusted for gene length across all serotypes, while at the haplotype level the NS1 gene had the same. Overall, the haplotypes sequences revealed more sites with high mutability and codons under diversifying selection than those visible at consensus level. This provides proof-in-principle that in acute RNA viruses also have high mutability in haplotypes, which may be inapparent with a consensus-level analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 110750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 ante portas: Empirical formula, growth reactions and thermodynamic properties of biosynthesis and antigen-receptor binding of the Omicron XFG variant of SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19入口：SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XFG变体的经验公式、生长反应和生物合成和抗原受体结合的热力学性质

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110742

Marko E. Popović , Maja Stevanović , Vojin Tadić

{"title":"COVID-19 ante portas: Empirical formula, growth reactions and thermodynamic properties of biosynthesis and antigen-receptor binding of the Omicron XFG variant of SARS-CoV-2","authors":"Marko E. Popović , Maja Stevanović , Vojin Tadić","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>No one walks alone. In 2019, humanity obtained a permanent companion called SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 lives with its human host, adapts to the human host and evolves, in a similar process to that in the human host. The XFG variant is the latest in the sequence of variants that appeared during the process of adaptation. Science has intensively followed the process of evolution of SARS-CoV-2. It was noticed that in accordance with the expectations of the evolution theory, SARS-CoV-2 variants have become less pathogenic and more infective. However, there is a great concern in the general public because of the millions of casualties during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, chemical and thermodynamic characterization was performed: empirical formulas, reactions of biosynthesis, antigen-receptor binding reaction and thermodynamic properties of live matter, biosynthesis and binding were determined, mechanistic model of virus-host interactions was developed and the driving force of biological processes during the life cycle of the virus was determined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 110742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145526709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic characterization and isolation of feline astrovirus in domestic cats in Guangxi, China 广西家猫星状病毒的遗传特征及分离

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110774

Rui Xue , Rang Wang , Haodong Zhang , Weijie Xu , Yiting Liu , Donglingzi Cao , Jiamo Huang , Jinrui Chen , Shixin Liu , Huabo Zhou , Yifeng Qin , Kang Ouyang , Yeshi Yin , Zuzhang Wei , Weijian Huang , Jianming Long , Ying Chen

{"title":"Genetic characterization and isolation of feline astrovirus in domestic cats in Guangxi, China","authors":"Rui Xue , Rang Wang , Haodong Zhang , Weijie Xu , Yiting Liu , Donglingzi Cao , Jiamo Huang , Jinrui Chen , Shixin Liu , Huabo Zhou , Yifeng Qin , Kang Ouyang , Yeshi Yin , Zuzhang Wei , Weijian Huang , Jianming Long , Ying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline astrovirus (FAstV), as an intestinal pathogen, has been widely detected worldwide, but little is known about its genetic evolutionary diversity and isolation. This study presents the comprehensive molecular epidemiological investigation of FAstV in Guangxi, China. Screening 775 feline intestinal samples revealed an FAstV prevalence of 4.25 % (33/775), with 39.4 % (13/33) of positive cases co-infected with six other major feline enteric viruses. Notably, FAstV-feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) co-infection emerged as the predominant viral combination (27.27 %, 9/33), suggesting potential synergistic pathogenesis in feline gastroenteritis cases. Phylogenetic analysis of 13 ORF2 genes and 2 complete genomes identified three distinct FAstV genogroups (G1-G3) with significant amino acid divergence (0.445–0.765 <em>p</em>-distance), supporting their classification as separate genotypes. Additionally, we successfully isolated a novel FAstV strain (GXNNF10-2024) in trypsin-supplemented feline kidney-derived FK81 cell cultures, which exhibited characteristic cytopathic effects (CPEs) and was confirmed by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of FAstV genetic diversity, provide essential tools for viral isolation, and establish a foundation for developing diagnostic and control strategies against this emerging feline enteric pathogen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 110774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinetic control of nervous necrosis virus by cell-derived antiviral substance and metabolic state in fish cell lines 细胞源性抗病毒物质对神经坏死病毒的动力学控制及鱼细胞系代谢状态

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110767

Han Sol Lee , Toyohiko Nishizawa

{"title":"Kinetic control of nervous necrosis virus by cell-derived antiviral substance and metabolic state in fish cell lines","authors":"Han Sol Lee , Toyohiko Nishizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) causes high mortality in many fish species. We previously reported that sevenband grouper fin (SeGF) cells persistently infected with NNV (PI-SeGF<sup>NNV</sup>) produce a small-molecule, antiviral substance that suppresses NNV multiplication and cellular metabolic activity. In this study, we investigate the kinetics of NNV multiplication, cellular metabolic rate and production of antiviral substance in striped snakehead (SSN-1), SeGF and PI-SeGF<sup>NNV</sup> cells at culture temperatures of 17–32 °C. Our results demonstrated that the NNV multiplication rate reached a maximum of 2.0 log<sub>10</sub> fold/day and was more closely associated with cellular metabolic rate rather than culture temperature. In SeGF and PI-SeGF<sup>NNV</sup> cells, antiviral substance production increased with rising metabolic activity, and its accumulation, in turn, suppressed both cellular growth and viral multiplication. Notably, when the NNV multiplication rate was suppressed to <1.5 log<sub>10</sub> fold/day in SeGF cells, the maximum viral titer remained below 10<sup>7.5</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>/ml. In contrast, when the antiviral response was insufficient, the viral titer increased to ≥ 10<sup>9.0</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>/ml. SSN-1 cells cultured at < 28 °C produced little to no antiviral substance, resulting in consistently high viral yields regardless of culture temperature. These findings suggest that the kinetics of NNV multiplication are controlled by the balance between production of antiviral substance and cellular metabolic rate rather than temperature alone. This mechanistic insight may help explain how low-temperature exposure or persistent infection can control the multiplication of viruses in fish and devise strategies to combat viral infections in the aquaculture industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 110767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural and immunogenic characteristics of goose parvovirus virus-like particles 鹅细小病毒样颗粒的结构和免疫原性特征。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110727

Junyi Li , Qi Yang , Zhibo Yang , Yangnan Huyan , Yi Xiong , Miao Sun , Yueping Zhang , Xinzheng Zhang , Geng Meng

{"title":"Structural and immunogenic characteristics of goose parvovirus virus-like particles","authors":"Junyi Li , Qi Yang , Zhibo Yang , Yangnan Huyan , Yi Xiong , Miao Sun , Yueping Zhang , Xinzheng Zhang , Geng Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Goose parvovirus (GPV) is a highly lethal infectious pathogen primarily affecting goslings under one month old, with infection resulting in nearly 100 % mortality. However, no recombinant vaccine has been proven effective in preventing GPV infection. This study aims to structurally characterize GPV virus-like particles (VLPs) produced from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> using cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) and three-dimensional reconstruction, to explore potential binding receptors, and to preliminarily verify the immunogenicity of GPV VLPs. The results show that GPV VLPs produced from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> have the correct conformation and structural assembly, share structural features common to the <em>Parvoviridae</em> family and exhibits significant sequence and structural similarity to adeno-associated virus (AAV). The results of ELISA demonstrated that GPV doesn't bind to sialic acid (SIA), heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and homolog of AAV receptor (AAVR) in vitro. Additionally, our animal trials demonstrate that GPV VLPs produced from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> can trigger effective protection for geese from GPV infection. This study investigates the structural and immunological characteristics of GPV VLPs, presenting an innovative approach for the development of efficacious and cost-effective genetically engineered vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"614 ","pages":"Article 110727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145608153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contemporary United States PRRSV 1-4-4 L1C.5 isolate causes severe disease comparable to historic highly pathogenic PRRSV 当代美国PRRSV 1-4-4 L1C。5分离株可引起与历史上高致病性PRRSV相当的严重疾病。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110748

Jayne E. Wiarda , Bailey Arruda , Tavis K. Anderson , Sarah J. Anderson , Hanjun Kim , Tyron Chang , Lauren Tidgren Hanson , Eraldo L. Zanella , Samantha J. Hau , Meghan Wymore Brand , Jianqiang Zhang , Alexandra C. Buckley

{"title":"Contemporary United States PRRSV 1-4-4 L1C.5 isolate causes severe disease comparable to historic highly pathogenic PRRSV","authors":"Jayne E. Wiarda , Bailey Arruda , Tavis K. Anderson , Sarah J. Anderson , Hanjun Kim , Tyron Chang , Lauren Tidgren Hanson , Eraldo L. Zanella , Samantha J. Hau , Meghan Wymore Brand , Jianqiang Zhang , Alexandra C. Buckley","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a major economic and animal health burden on the United States swine industry due to morbidity- and mortality-associated losses affecting all stages of pig production. Currently, a large proportion of losses are attributed to a highly virulent PRRSV strain, referred to here as L1C.5. A field-relevant contemporary L1C.5 isolate was characterized in pigs to assess disease kinetics in comparison to a moderately virulent PRRSV strain that emerged in the United States in the early 2000s (MN184), and a highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) strain that devastated Asian swine industries beginning in 2006 (JXwn06). Weaned pigs were inoculated with PRRSV JXwn06, L1C.5, MN184, or mock inoculum and necropsied at 2, 6, and 10 days post-inoculation or as needed due to severe disease. Clinical metrics, viral loads, cytokine concentrations, antibody concentrations, and pathology were compared between groups to assess pathogenicity. JXwn06 and L1C.5 animals developed more severe disease that diverged from MN184 and mock animals. Disease dynamics were also highly similar between JXwn06 and L1C.5 groups. Results demonstrate that despite unique genetics, geographical origins, and dates of emergence, a contemporary United States-endemic PRRSV (L1C.5) can cause severe disease comparable to a HP-PRRSV (JXwn06) that devastated the Asian swine industry nearly two decades ago. Identifying the common features that contribute to increased virulence of diverse HP-PRRSV strains will be essential for tailoring better PRRSV control methods, especially for contemporary PRRSV strains that pose imminent threats to swine health in North America.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"615 ","pages":"Article 110748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145679833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0