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Herpes simplex virus 1 ICP34.5 acts to maintain latency in human and mouse neurons 单纯疱疹病毒1 ICP34.5在人和小鼠神经元中维持潜伏期

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110652

Paige N. Canova , Sarah Katzenell , Stacey Cerón , Audra J. Charron , Jean M. Pesola , Hyung Suk Oh , Donald M. Coen , David M. Knipe , David A. Leib

{"title":"Herpes simplex virus 1 ICP34.5 acts to maintain latency in human and mouse neurons","authors":"Paige N. Canova , Sarah Katzenell , Stacey Cerón , Audra J. Charron , Jean M. Pesola , Hyung Suk Oh , Donald M. Coen , David M. Knipe , David A. Leib","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes latent infections in sensory neurons, from which HSV sporadically reactivates, often due to external stress and other stimuli. Latency and reactivation are studied using <em>in vivo</em> models in a variety of hosts<em>,</em> as well as <em>in vitro</em> models including primary mouse neurons, and neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The interferon (IFN)-based neuronal innate immune response is critical in controlling HSV-1 replication and HSV-1 counters these responses, in part, through infected-cell protein 34.5 (ICP34.5). ICP34.5 also promotes neurovirulence by preventing host translational shutoff and interfering with host cell autophagy through its interaction with the autophagy regulator Beclin 1. Here we demonstrate in human iPSC-derived neurons (iNeurons) that ICP34.5 unexpectedly suppresses spontaneous reactivation and thereby is critical for maintenance of HSV-1 latency. Furthermore, our results suggest that both sustaining host translation and the interaction of ICP34.5 with Beclin 1 are important for maintaining latency in iNeurons. Experiments using primary mouse neurons show that ICP34.5 may be essential for maintaining latency but in an IRF3/7-dependent manner. In wild type mouse neurons, ICP34.5-null and ΔPP1⍺ viruses exhibited little spontaneous reactivation and had defects in induced reactivation suggesting that countering PKR-mediated responses is the key activity of ICP34.5 for enhancement of reactivation. These results highlight the value of studying HSV-1 latency and reactivation in different models and we explore explanations for how ICP34.5 may differentially impact latency in the two systems studied herein.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"611 ","pages":"Article 110652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144851828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracing the 2021 equine influenza Outbreak: First characterization and phylogeographic analysis of H3N8 Florida clade 1 virus in Tunisia 追踪2021年马流感爆发：突尼斯H3N8佛罗里达进化支1病毒的首次特征和系统地理分析

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110655

Chaima Badr , Marwa Arbi , Oussema Souiai , Imen Larbi , Jihene Nsiri , Imen Elbehi , Zied Bouslama , Mohamed Ali Bennour , Mohamed Sadok Essaied , Ines khosrof , Ahmed Chabchoub , Belgacem Ben Aoun , Abdeljelil Ghram , Jihene Lachheb

{"title":"Tracing the 2021 equine influenza Outbreak: First characterization and phylogeographic analysis of H3N8 Florida clade 1 virus in Tunisia","authors":"Chaima Badr , Marwa Arbi , Oussema Souiai , Imen Larbi , Jihene Nsiri , Imen Elbehi , Zied Bouslama , Mohamed Ali Bennour , Mohamed Sadok Essaied , Ines khosrof , Ahmed Chabchoub , Belgacem Ben Aoun , Abdeljelil Ghram , Jihene Lachheb","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equine influenza (EI) is a highly contagious viral respiratory disease affecting equids, with the potential of causing widespread outbreaks across Europe, the Americas, Asia, and other regions of the world. In Tunisia, in the spring of 2021, an EI virus outbreak occurred in a farm housing purebred Arabian horses that exhibited respiratory signs. This outbreak led to a national lockdown on horse movements and the cancellation of equestrian events. A total of 432 serum samples, collected from 2018 to 2021, were tested using ELISA competition assay. In addition, 100 Nasal swabs were collected during the 2021 outbreak and tested for the presence of EI via qRT-PCR. Five of these samples underwent full sequencing targeting hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses were carried out on HA and NA gene sequences using Bayesian methods. Out of 432 serum samples, 80 tested positive, leading to an overall seroprevalence of 18.51 %, with the highest values recorded in 2018 and 2021. Complete sequences of the HA and NA genes identified the subtype as H3N8, belonging to the American lineage, Florida clade 1. Tunisian strains exhibited close genetic relationships with those from Algeria, the USA, France, Saudi Arabia, and the UK. Phylogeographic analysis reveals probable origin of the virus in Tunisia from the USA and France in 2017–2018. Our study highlights the critical need for continuous surveillance and molecular characterization of EI strains, particularly given their high transmissibility and potential for global dissemination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"611 ","pages":"Article 110655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Affinity-purified sHBsAg-based virus-like particles as a platform for foreign mRNA binding 亲和纯化的基于shbsag的病毒样颗粒作为外源mRNA结合的平台

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110651

Karolina Gackowska , Martyna Krejmer-Rabalska , Karolina Drazkowska , Jacek Jemielity , Ewelina Krol , Boguslaw Szewczyk

{"title":"Affinity-purified sHBsAg-based virus-like particles as a platform for foreign mRNA binding","authors":"Karolina Gackowska , Martyna Krejmer-Rabalska , Karolina Drazkowska , Jacek Jemielity , Ewelina Krol , Boguslaw Szewczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Virus-like particles (VLPs) have long been utilized as immunogens to prevent infectious diseases. Particles derived from the small surface proteins of the hepatitis B virus (sHBsAg) can self-assemble into small, highly immunogenic structures and have been used in human vaccination since the 1980s. Various chimeric sHBsAg VLPs retain their self-assembly ability, even when significant sequence alterations, such as fusions or substitutions, are introduced. This makes them an attractive experimental model and vaccine platform for delivering and presenting foreign epitopes. In the present study, motifs from the hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein (HBcAg) were introduced into the cytosolic loops of sHBsAg to explore whether these VLPs could acquire the ability to pack mRNA. With one exception, the introduced changes for mRNA binding did not affect ability for self-assemble. A Twin-Strep-tag was added to the N-terminus for more efficient and specific purification. With the exception of one modification, the changes made to allow for mRNA binding did not affect the self-assembly capability of sHBsAg. The recombinant proteins successfully bound mRNAs from various sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"611 ","pages":"Article 110651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is HA0-Mediated heat resistance in influenza a food safety concern? A methodological critique 流感中由ha0介导的耐热性是食品安全问题吗？方法论批判。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110643

Nader Ebrahimi, Sanaz Sadeh, Amir Ghaemi

引用次数: 0

Influenza A virions with uncleaved hemagglutinin HA0 are more resistant to thermal inactivation than those with cleaved HA1/2: Research and applied significance 具有未裂解血凝素HA0的甲型流感病毒粒子比具有裂解血凝素HA1/2的甲型流感病毒粒子对热失活的抗性更强：研究及应用意义

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110644

A.I. Chernyshova , O.P. Zhirnov

引用次数: 0

A new synthetic peptide GA-KKALKKLKKALKKAL-CONH2 exhibits antiviral activity against ZIKV in multiple stages of the replicative cycle 一个新的合成肽GA-KKALKKLKKALKKAL-CONH2在复制周期的多个阶段显示出抗病毒活性

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110650

Maria Letícia Duarte Lima , Paulo Ricardo da Silva Sanches , Dayla Bott Geraldini , Gabriela Miranda Ayusso , Pâmela Jóyce Previdelli da Conceição , Tamara Carvalho , Jorge Enrique Hernández González , Carolina Gismene , Cintia Bittar , Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni , Eduardo Maffud Cilli , Marilia de Freitas Calmon , Paula Rahal

{"title":"A new synthetic peptide GA-KKALKKLKKALKKAL-CONH2 exhibits antiviral activity against ZIKV in multiple stages of the replicative cycle","authors":"Maria Letícia Duarte Lima , Paulo Ricardo da Silva Sanches , Dayla Bott Geraldini , Gabriela Miranda Ayusso , Pâmela Jóyce Previdelli da Conceição , Tamara Carvalho , Jorge Enrique Hernández González , Carolina Gismene , Cintia Bittar , Raghuvir Krishnaswamy Arni , Eduardo Maffud Cilli , Marilia de Freitas Calmon , Paula Rahal","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging arbovirus, and its infection is often asymptomatic or mild; however, it can lead to severe neurological disorders. Currently, there are no approved treatments or vaccines for ZIKV, highlighting the urgent need to explore potential therapeutic options. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of a novel synthetic peptide (GA-peptide) against ZIKV in vitro. The GA-peptide exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of the virus, affecting multiple stages of the ZIKV replication cycle. It demonstrated virucidal activity and effectively protected Vero cells from ZIKV infection. Additionally, the GA-peptide disrupted viral entry by targeting both the attachment and internalization phases, as well as post-entry stages of the infection. <em>In silico</em> analyses identified potential viral targets that interact with the GA-peptide. These findings underscore the GA-peptide's promising potential as a therapeutic agent against ZIKV and its relevance in the development of new antiviral drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"611 ","pages":"Article 110650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel insights into the role of cGAS-STING signaling in HBV infection cGAS-STING信号在HBV感染中的作用的新见解

IF 2.8 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110639

Qiugang Zhu , Yan Yang , Huimin Zhou

引用次数: 0

Incidence and diversity of circoviruses, polyomaviruses, and adenoviruses in exotic free-roaming rosy-faced lovebirds from Phoenix, Arizona, USA 圆环病毒、多瘤病毒和腺病毒在美国亚利桑那州凤凰城自由漫游的红脸爱情鸟中的发病率和多样性

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110640

Simona Kraberger , Joy M. Custer , Reilly Hammond , Maddelyn Gibson , Victor Aguiar de Souza Penha , Hannah McGraw , Nicholas M. Fountain-Jones , Diego Olivo , Karla L. Vargas , Győző L. Kaján , Balázs Harrach , Kevin J. McGraw , Arvind Varsani

{"title":"Incidence and diversity of circoviruses, polyomaviruses, and adenoviruses in exotic free-roaming rosy-faced lovebirds from Phoenix, Arizona, USA","authors":"Simona Kraberger , Joy M. Custer , Reilly Hammond , Maddelyn Gibson , Victor Aguiar de Souza Penha , Hannah McGraw , Nicholas M. Fountain-Jones , Diego Olivo , Karla L. Vargas , Győző L. Kaján , Balázs Harrach , Kevin J. McGraw , Arvind Varsani","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Free-roaming rosy-faced lovebirds (<em>Agapornis roseicollis</em>) were first documented in the greater Phoenix area (Arizona, USA) in the mid-1980s and have since established small populations. In blood and cloacal swab samples from 69 lovebirds at four locations, we identified the presence of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV), aves polyomavirus (APyV), and psittacine adenovirus 5 (PsAdV-5). Additionally, we identified a novel aviadenovirus, hereby referred to as psittacine adenovirus 12 (PsAdV-12). PsAdV-12 is most closely related to members of the species <em>Aviadenovirus senegalense</em> and <em>Aviadenovirus rubri</em>, sharing ∼64 % genome-wide pairwise identity. Incidence of each virus across all lovebirds varied, with BFDV being the highest at 68.1 % overall, whereas a much lower infection rate was observed for APyV (8.6 %), PsAdV-5 (5.7 %), and PsAdV-12 (2.8 %). Our analysis supports an introduction of BFDV-infected lovebirds into the greater <span>Phoenix</span> area in the 1980s followed by radiation to three circulating distinct lineages; APyVs showed very little diversification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"611 ","pages":"Article 110640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeting bacterial persistence with bacteriophages: a next-generation antimicrobial strategy 利用噬菌体靶向细菌持久性：新一代抗菌策略

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110649

Sang Guen Kim

{"title":"Targeting bacterial persistence with bacteriophages: a next-generation antimicrobial strategy","authors":"Sang Guen Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virol.2025.110649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance has become a problem of global concern. However, less focus has been placed on scenarios where antibiotics fail to work in the absence of genetic resistance. To survive in hostile conditions, bacteria also use sophisticated defensive strategies, such as constructing protective biofilms, developing specialized dormant persister cells, and entering viable but non-culturable states. These survival mechanisms help bacteria withstand stressors, such as antibiotic treatment and immune responses, leading to persistent infections that conventional therapies struggle to eliminate. Bacteriophages are viruses that naturally prey on bacteria; hence, they offer a promising alternative antibacterial approach by specifically targeting resilient bacterial populations. Therefore, understanding the interactions between phages and bacterial survival mechanisms is crucial for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. Suitably, this review discusses the mechanisms by which phages dismantle biofilms, eliminate persisters, and resuscitate viable but non-culturable cells. Phage-derived enzymes, such as depolymerases and endolysins, enhance biofilm degradation, whereas specific phages induce metabolic reactivation in dormant cells, rendering them more susceptible to treatment. Advancements in phage engineering, including modifications to improve host recognition and antimicrobial potency, have further enhanced the efficacy of phages against bacterial survival strategies. Additionally, combining phages with antibiotics or resuscitation-inducing compounds has shown promising potential for overcoming bacterial persistence. By harnessing these natural predators, phage therapy provides a viable solution for managing antibiotic-resistant infections in clinical, industrial, and environmental settings. Overall, this review highlights the favorable potential of phages as powerful tools against persistent bacterial threats and paves the way for the development of next-generation antimicrobial approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23666,"journal":{"name":"Virology","volume":"611 ","pages":"Article 110649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual targeting of the Wnt and DNAJB6/MRJ regulatory loop as an anti-RSV strategy 双重靶向Wnt和DNAJB6/MRJ调控环作为抗rsv策略

IF 2.4 3区医学

Virology Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110641

Chun-Yi Lu , Peng-Yeh Lai , Jen-Min Huang , Luan-Yin Chang , Ting-Yu Yen , Woan-Yuh Tarn , Li-Min Huang

引用次数: 0