Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Conserved function of bat IRF7 in activating antiviral innate immunity: insights into the innate immune response in bats.","authors":"Jie Wang, Qiuju Liu, Caixia Xu, Feiyu Fu, Qi Shao, Yapeng Fu, Zhaofei Wang, Jingjiao Ma, Hengan Wang, Yaxian Yan, Jianhe Sun, Yuqiang Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01490-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01490-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bats are natural hosts for various highly pathogenic viruses, which pose a considerable threat to humans and animals. However, they rarely display signs of disease infection from these viruses. The expression of IRF7-induced IFN-β plays a crucial role in preventing viral infections. However, the role of bat IRF7 during viral infection remains unclear. In this study, we cloned Tadarida brasiliensis IRF7 and discovered that its amino acid sequence was poorly conserved among species. Next, we investigated the expression of bat IRF7 mRNA in Tadarida brasiliensis lung cells (TB 1 Lu) infected with RNA viruses such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV), avian influenza virus (AIV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analogue poly (I:C) and demonstrated that these viral infections significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of bat IRF7. Furthermore, the overexpression of IRF7 in TB1 Lu cells activated the expression of bat innate immune-related genes and inhibited virus replication. Importantly, we observed that bat IRF7 function is highly conserved in avian and mammalian species. Structurally, we revealed that the IRF domain of bat IRF7 is essential for activating IFN-β. In summary, our findings indicate that bat IRF7 has a conserved ability to activate bat antiviral innate immunity. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further understanding the innate immune response in bats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analyses and functional validation of ruminant SLAMs reveal potential hosts for PPRV.","authors":"Xi Wei, Kejia Lu, Zhengwu Chang, Hanwei Guo, Qinfeng Li, Binxuan Yuan, Chen Liu, Zengqi Yang, Haijin Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01489-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01489-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), is a highly contagious disease affecting ruminants. While goats and sheep are well-known hosts, PPRV has also spread to wild ruminants, and it remains unclear which ruminant species can be infected. SLAM (Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule) acts as the primary receptor for PPRV, playing a crucial role in the viral infection process. Identifying which ruminant SLAMs can mediate PPRV infection is essential for understanding the potential hosts of PPRV, which is vital for effective eradication efforts. In this study, we first extracted 77 ruminant species' SLAM sequences from ruminant genome database. Based on these sequences, we predicted the structures of ruminant SLAMs. The analysis revealed that SLAM conformation is similar across ruminant species, and the potential PPRV H protein binding domain residues were conserved among SLAMs of these 77 species. Phylogenetic analysis of SLAM grouped ruminants into six families. We then selected representative SLAMs from each ruminant family to assess their role in PPRV infection. Our findings demonstrated that ruminant SLAMs efficiently mediated PPRV infection, with enhanced viral amplification observed in cells expressing SLAM from java mouse deer (Tragulidae) and goat (Bovidae), compared to cells expressing SLAM from white tailed deer (Cervidae) and giraffe (Giraffidae). These results underscore the need to consider a broader range of potential host populations beyond goat and sheep in efforts to prevent and eradicate PPRV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11916873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GHSR gene knockout alleviates the liver pathological response in Echinococcus granulosus infection by reducing parasite survival.","authors":"Jiang Zhu, Tanfang Zhou, Guangfeng Chen, Huijing Gao, Xia Chen, Ayinula Tuohetali, Ya Song, Dongming Pang, Kalibixiati Aimulajiang","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01478-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01478-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, and the immunosuppressive microenvironment exacerbates disease progression. Ghrelin, a peptide hormone, plays a role in modulating immune inflammation and may influence the progression of E. granulosus infection through its receptor, GHSR (growth hormone secretagogue receptor). However, whether GHSR downregulation can inhibit E. granulosus infection remains unclear. In this study, we extracted liver tissues from E. granulosus-infected mice and those treated with the GHSR antagonist [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6. Proteomic analysis revealed 341 differentially expressed proteins, of which 185 were upregulated and 156 were downregulated. Metabolomic sequencing revealed 101 differentially expressed metabolites, including 62 upregulated and 39 downregulated metabolites. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of both proteomic and metabolomic data revealed seven key signalling pathways, 11 key proteins, and 26 key metabolites that interact through metabolic and organic system networks. Next, we examined the disease progression of E. granulosus infection in GHSR-knockout mice. Compared with the E. granulosus (Eg) group, the GHSR-KO group presented a significant reduction in the number of liver infection foci. The serum and liver ghrelin levels were significantly greater in the E. granulosus group than in the control group, along with increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ) and decreased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10). In contrast, the GHSR-KO group presented significantly lower ghrelin levels in both the serum and liver, with reduced proinflammatory cytokine secretion and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion, similar to those of the control group. Furthermore, ghrelin and inflammation-related factors, including MyD88, NF-κB p65, iNOS, and Arg-1, exhibited coordinated expression changes in liver lesions and surrounding areas. These findings suggest that GHSR gene knockout can ameliorate the progression of liver E. granulosus infection and associated liver inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11895129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of a novel reassortant H3N3 avian influenza virus with enhanced pathogenicity and transmissibility in chickens in China.","authors":"Chunping Zhang, Conghui Zhao, Jiacheng Huang, Yang Wang, Bo Jiang, Hangyu Zheng, Mingzhi Zhuang, Yanni Peng, Xiaoxuan Zhang, Sha Liu, Haoxi Qiang, Huanhuan Wang, Xiancheng Zeng, Guijie Guo, Ji-Long Chen, Shujie Ma","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01484-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01484-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>H3N3 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are less prevalent in poultry than H3N8 viruses. However, although relatively rare, reassortant H3N3 viruses have been known to appear in both domestic poultry and wild birds. In this study, we isolated the H3N3 virus in chickens sourced from a live poultry market in China. A comprehensive genomic analysis revealed that the virus possessed a single basic amino acid in the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that eight genes in the H3N3 virus belong to the Eurasian lineage. Specifically, the HA and NA genes were clustered with H3N2 and H11N3, respectively, while the internal genes were closely related to the H3N8 and H9N2 viruses. Furthermore, the H3N3 virus exhibited high and moderate stability in thermal and acidic conditions and efficient replication capabilities in mammalian cells. The H3N3 virus demonstrated that it could infect and replicate in the upper and lower respiratory tract of BALB/c mice without prior adaptation, triggering hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres ranging from 80 to 160; notably, the H3N3 virus replicated vigorously within the chicken respiratory and digestive tracts. The virus also transmitted efficiently and swiftly among chickens through direct contact, leading to higher levels of HI antibodies in both the inoculated and contact birds. These findings suggest that the H3N3 virus may be a novel reassortant originating from viruses circulating in domestic poultry, thus demonstrating an increased pathogenicity and transmissibility in chickens. Our study determines that H3N3 AIV potentially threatens the poultry industry and public health, highlighting the importance of active surveillance of AIVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis revealed ferroptosis in ducklings with splenic necrosis induced by NDRV infection.","authors":"Hongzhi Wang, Chenchen Jiang, Boyi Xu, Di Lei, Rendong Fang, Yi Tang","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01479-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01479-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection with novel duck reovirus (NDRV) results in severe splenic necrosis, leading to immunosuppression, secondary infections with other pathogens, and impairment of the immune effect of the vaccine. However, little is known about NDRV-induced spleen injury and its antagonistic mechanism on the host immune response. In this study, we conducted pathological and comparative transcriptomic analyses of NDRV-infected duck spleens. Our findings elucidated the histopathological progression of splenic necrotic foci formation following NDRV infection and identified splenic macrophages as the primary target cells. RNA-Seq analysis revealed differentially expressed genes that were enriched predominantly in immune system processes, signalling molecules and interactions, and pathways related to cell growth and necrosis. Notably, we observed a significant upregulation of ferroptosis during NDRV infection, characterized by the induction of specific metabolism-related genes such as TfR1, Hmox1, and STEAP3, alongside the downregulation of Fpn expression. Our findings collectively indicate the involvement of ferroptosis in spleen injury induced by NDRV infection. Investigating the mechanism of NDRV-induced ferroptosis in spleen macrophages will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis associated with NDRV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The striking incidence of animal listeriosis in Germany (2014-2024) indicates a persistent but neglected risk for One Health.","authors":"Gamal Wareth, Heinrich Neubauer","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01481-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01481-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Listeriosis is a serious zoonotic disease caused by the genus Listeria, with Listeria monocytogenes being the most pathogenic species for humans and various animal species. This bacterium is commonly found in the environment and poses significant health risks. We analysed official surveillance data detailing animal listeriosis in Germany over the last decade to unravel its host diversity and spatiotemporal distribution. Altogether, 1.629 notifications involving 3.326 various animal species were reported. Listeriosis has a broad host range in farm animals and wildlife, with a consistently striking incidence reported nationwide. Addressing this issue is crucial for public health and the safety of our food supply.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PGK1 enhances productive bovine herpesvirus 1 infection by stimulating β-catenin-dependent transcription.","authors":"Xuan Li, Wenyuan Gu, Shitao Li, Filomena Fiorito, Xiuyan Ding, Liqian Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01480-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01480-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) productive infection stimulates β-catenin-dependent transcription to facilitate virus replication. Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), which catalyses the initial step of ATP production during glycolysis, also has a mitochondrial form that is implicated in tissue injury across various diseases. However, the relationship between BoHV-1 replication and the PGK1 signalling pathway is not yet fully understood. In this study, we discovered that PGK1 signalling significantly influences BoHV-1 replication, with the virus infection leading to a marked increase in the accumulation of PGK1 proteins in mitochondria. Overexpression of β-catenin reduces PGK1 steady-state protein levels while overexpressing PGK1 boosts β-catenin protein expression-a phenomenon that reverses upon virus infection. Importantly, consistent with PGK1's vital role in virus replication, PGK1 stimulates β-catenin-dependent transcriptional activity, partly by promoting the nuclear accumulation of transcriptionally active β-catenin and phospho-β-catenin (S552) in virus-infected cells. In summary, our findings suggest for the first time that PGK1 signalling may be involved in BoHV-1 replication and contribute to virus pathogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a recombinant Sendai virus vector encoding the small ruminant lentivirus gag-P25: antiviral properties in vitro and transgene expression in sheep.","authors":"Álex Gómez, Idoia Glaria, Irati Moncayola, Irache Echeverría, Javier Arrizabalaga, Ana Rodríguez-Largo, Ignacio de Blas, Delia Lacasta, Estela Pérez, Marta Pérez, Alicia De Diego, Ricardo De-Miguel, Benhur Lee, Lluís Luján, Ramsés Reina","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01475-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01475-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause multisystemic chronic inflammatory disease and significant economic losses in sheep and goats worldwide. However, no vaccines or therapies are currently available. In this study, a recombinant Sendai virus (SeV) vector encoding the SRLV gag-P25 gene (rSeV-GFP-P25) from the EV1 strain was generated using In-FUSION cloning and rescued using the SeV reverse genetic system. Transgene expression and stimulation of innate immunity and interferon-stimulated genes (ovine A3Z1, OBST2 and SAMHD1) were evaluated in ovine skin fibroblasts (OSF) transduced with SeV-GFP and rSeV-GFP-P25. Additionally, to characterize the effect of the SRLV restriction in transduced OSF, the SRLV DNA load was quantified at different times post-transduction and post-infection with strain EV1. Using immunohistochemistry and image analysis, transgene expression and tissue distribution of recombinant P25 were studied in two lambs inoculated intranasally, one with rSeV-GFP-P25 and the other with SeV-GFP. rSeV-GFP-P25 induced efficient and transient transgene expression in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, OSF transduced with rSeV-GFP-P25 presented upregulation of TLR2, TLR3, TLR6, TLR7, RIG-I, MyD88 and IFN-β, whereas SeV-GFP did not induce TLR6 or IFN-β upregulation. Among the interferon-stimulated genes, OBST2 was significantly upregulated after transduction with rSeV-GFP-P25 compared with the empty vector. SRLV restriction gradually increased and persisted after transduction with SeV-GFP and rSeV-GFP-P25, with OSF transduced three times showing cumulative restriction. Forty-eight hours post-inoculation in vivo, marked P25 expression was observed in ciliated epithelial cells and submucosal macrophages/dendritic cells of the nasal mucosa. This study reinforces the important role of the innate immune response in controlling SRLV infection and suggests that rSeV-GFP-P25 is a potential vaccine candidate against SRLV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of recombination antimicrobial protein PIL22-PBD-2 in Pichia pastoris and verification of its biological function in vitro.","authors":"Xian Li, Pengfei Qiu, Menglong Yue, Ying Zhang, Congshang Lei, Jingyu Wang, Xiwen Chen, Xuefeng Qi","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01428-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01428-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finding suitable alternatives to antibiotics as feed additives is challenging for the livestock industry. Porcine beta-defensin 2 (PBD-2) is an endogenous antimicrobial peptide produced by pigs. Due to its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against various microorganisms and its low tendency for drug resistance, it is considered a potential substitute for antibiotics. Additionally, given its strong ability to repair intestinal epithelial damage and maintain intestinal mucosal barrier function, porcine interleukin-22 (PIL-22) is a potential feed additive to combat intestinal damage caused by intestinal pathogens in piglets. In this study, the amino acid sequences of PBD-2 and PIL-22 were combined to express the fusion protein in Pichia pastoris, and its biological activity was evaluated in vitro. Our results showed that the PIL22-PBD-2 exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O8 (ETEC O8), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). PIL22-PBD-2 demonstrated wound repair capability through a healing assay in the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2). Furthermore, PIL22-PBD-2 significantly enhanced the expression of the major intercellular junction-associated proteins ZO-1 and E-cadherin in IPEC-J2. It is important to note that PIL22-PBD-2 reduced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis (p < 0.05) considerably and decreased bacterial adhesion (p < 0.05) in ETEC O8-challenged IPEC-J2. We also found that the PIL22-PBD-2 treatment attenuated ETEC O8-induced inflammatory responses in IPEC-J2 by exerting antibacterial activity, increasing the expression of endogenous antimicrobial peptides, and significantly decreasing the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that PIL22-PBD-2 has a positive effect on inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and repairing intestinal damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can pigs add another \"P\" to the PPR? Serological evidence of frequent Peste des petits ruminants infections in pigs in Nigeria.","authors":"Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji, Milovan Milovanovic, Banenat Bajehson Dogonyaro, Jolly Amoche Adole, Mark Samson, David Oludare Omoniwa, Toyin Olubade-Olatokunbo, Logyang Lot Emmauel, Jeremiah Okoro Ijomanta, Kuduk Kakomo Karaye, Elayoni Emmanuel Igomu, Ayokunle Omileye, Helen Onyinyechi Ignatius, Paul Adamu, Valerie Allendorf, Bernd Hoffmann, Clement Meseko, Klaas Dietze","doi":"10.1186/s13567-025-01482-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-025-01482-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To achieve the global eradication of Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), the epidemiological role of atypical hosts must be fully understood. Among domestic animals, pigs are, until now, the only species that has proven to fulfil criteria relevant for hosts to act as disease reservoir. This entails the susceptibility to infection via contact with infected animals as well as the shedding of infectious virus, resulting in new infections. However, these features have been observed only in infection experiments, lacking information from the field. In this study, for the first time, we provide evidence for frequent PPR virus exposure in pigs, detected in Nigeria. The prevailing husbandry systems targeted for sampling entailed predominantly free roaming pigs and small ruminants. The sampling area was selected on the basis of the occurrence of endemic PPR in small ruminants in recent years. Sera from 183 small ruminants and 495 pigs were analysed. The 25.68% apparent seroprevalence (95% CI 19.5-32.7 at the population level) observed in small ruminants matched values detected in Nigeria. The apparent seroprevalence in pigs of 4.24% (95% CI 2.6-6.5 at the population level) distributed across Nigeria provides evidence that PPR infections in pigs are not rare events. The ability of swine populations to propagate and maintain autonomous PPR infections over time remains to be clarified at this stage. Countries engaged in PPR eradication with substantial pig populations under extensive husbandry practices, including contact with small ruminants, should, however, consider surveillance strategies that address this possibly problematic interspecies interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"56 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}