Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Thoracic Duct Branch Identification Is Comparable Between T2-W 3D Fat-Suppressed Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Lymphangiography in Normal Dogs.","authors":"Leah Griffith, Silke Hecht, Cassie N Lux, Lily Davis, Xiaocun Sun","doi":"10.1111/vru.70198","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In dogs with chylothorax that are refractory to medical management, surgical intervention is often recommended. Computed tomographic lymphangiography (CTL) is the most commonly used preoperative imaging study, but it has the disadvantages of being time-consuming and requiring contrast medium administration. In human medicine, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows noninvasive visualization of lymphatic ducts. The aim of this prospective study was to compare the use of a T2-W 3D fat-suppressed MRI sequence to traditional CTL for identifying the number and anatomic location of thoracic duct branches. MRI and CTL studies were performed in six healthy dogs. Images were anonymized and independently reviewed by a board-certified veterinary surgeon and a board-certified veterinary radiologist. For each study, the number of duct branches was recorded at four sites (T9, T11, T13, and L2) in addition to the location of the cisterna chyli. Additionally, the surgeon's proposed surgical site and duration of MRI and CTL procedures were noted. There was no significant difference in the number of branches identified between MRI and CTL (p = 0.751). Each dog had at least one location with only one observed thoracic duct branch on both CT and MRI, and this was chosen as the proposed surgical site for the dog. There was no statistical difference in study duration between CTL and MRI (p = 0.294). MRI may prove to be a beneficial and efficient alternative to CTL for surgical planning in dogs with chylothorax.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13238376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Improves Management of Canine Urothelial Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Jishnu Rao Gutti, Dawn M Clarke, Corey Saba, Koichi Nagata","doi":"10.1111/vru.70196","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study evaluated a novel hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) protocol for canine urothelial carcinoma (UC). Medical records of dogs diagnosed with UC and treated were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria included diagnosis of UC, treatment with hypofractionated RT, absence of prostatic involvement or metastatic disease, and adequate follow-up. The RT protocol consisted of 25 Gy delivered to the planning target volume (PTV) in five fractions on an every-other-day schedule. Dynamic adaptive radiation therapy (DART) was used in select bladder tumors to minimize geographic miss. Data on adverse events, clinical response, adjuvant therapies, and prognostic factors were evaluated in relation to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Eighteen dogs met the inclusion criteria. All received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and 67% also received chemotherapy after RT. Tumor location included bladder only (55%), urethra only (28%), or both (17%). RT was well tolerated, with only low-grade gastrointestinal (17%) or urinary (6%) adverse events observed. Measurable tumor response was observed in 82% (14/17) with follow-up imaging. Median PFS was 394 days (95% CI: 169-619), and median OS was 565 days (95% CI: 497-632). Dogs with urethral involvement demonstrated a shorter PFS compared to those without (median = 182 vs. 457 days, respectively [p = 0.02]). Chemotherapy did not impact PFS or OS. The novel hypofractionated RT protocol was well tolerated alone and in combination with other treatments. Tumor responses and survival times were improved compared to historical data on dogs receiving NSAIDs and/or chemotherapy alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148102096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Intravascular Osteosarcoma Affecting the Ventral Internal Vertebral Venous Plexus Causing Cervical Myelopathy in a Dog.","authors":"Robert Wise, Rachel Durrwachter, Nathan Fanzone, Wilfried Mai","doi":"10.1111/vru.70199","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 10.5-year-old male castrated Standard Poodle was referred for the evaluation of chronic C6-T2 myelopathy. MRI revealed a severe asymmetric enlargement of the ventral internal vertebral venous plexus, intervertebral/vertebral veins, and possibly the C6 basivertebral vein, with secondary mild spinal cord compression. Intravascular neoplasm, particularly lymphoma, with probable concurrent thrombus formation, was prioritized. Due to the poor prognosis and subsequent development of severe anemia and melena, the patient was euthanized. Necropsy and histopathology diagnosed cervical intravascular osteosarcoma within the ventral internal vertebral venous plexus. This case represents the first description of magnetic resonance imaging features of intravascular osteosarcoma in a canine patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectopic Splenic Tissue Mimicking Malignant Neoplasia in a Dog.","authors":"Lina C Bilhalva, Nathan R Biedak, Julie Granger, Agustina Anson Fernandez, Fabio Brum-Rosa, Joyce S Knoll","doi":"10.1111/vru.70222","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 14-year-old neutered male dog with a history of splenectomy for hemoabdomen secondary to a benign splenic lesion was evaluated for hyporexia and vomiting. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated multiple large, irregular, mildly vascularized mesenteric masses with heterogeneous echotexture and multifocal cavitated regions. Histopathologic evaluation confirmed ectopic splenic tissue with extensive hematoma formation and no evidence of malignancy. This case highlights the potential for benign ectopic splenic tissue to closely mimic aggressive neoplasia on imaging and emphasizes the importance of including ectopic splenic tissue in the differential diagnosis of cavitated abdominal masses, particularly in dogs with a history of hemoabdomen and/or splenectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonographic Features and Associated Clinical Findings in 21 Dogs With Histologically Confirmed Abscessed and Non-Abscessed Splenitis.","authors":"Elisa Heacock, Nikolina Linta, Francisco Llabres-Diaz, Alessia Diana, Stefano De Arcangeli, Jonathan Williams, Alessia Cordella","doi":"10.1111/vru.70220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Splenitis, both with and without abscess formation, is an uncommon and potentially life-threatening diagnosis in dogs, occurring either as an isolated condition or secondary to other systemic inflammatory/infectious diseases. This retrospective descriptive study describes the ultrasonographic features of histopathologically confirmed splenitis in 21 dogs, including 12 cases of abscessed splenitis and 9 cases of non-abscessed splenitis (7 neutrophilic and 2 fibrinous-suppurative). Clinical signs were variable, most frequently including lethargy, anorexia or hyporexia, and vomiting; fewer dogs presented with fever. Hematologic and chemistry findings were consistent with systemic inflammation in most cases. The most common splenic ultrasound findings were a cavitated, hypoechoic, or mixed echogenicity mass; splenomegaly with diffusely heterogeneous parenchyma, and hypoechoic, non-cavitated nodules. Cavitated splenic masses were more often associated with abscessed splenitis, whereas diffuse parenchymal changes with multiple nodules were more commonly seen in cases of non-abscessed splenitis. Additionally, hyperechoic peritoneal fat (steatitis) was observed in all dogs with abscessed splenitis, and peritoneal effusion was also frequently present. In cases of non-abscessed splenitis, concurrent inflammatory or infectious disease in other abdominal organs was always present and often considered the underlying cause. All dogs underwent splenectomy, in addition to other surgical procedures in some cases. Short-term postoperative prognosis was favorable, with 18 out of 21 dogs surviving to discharge. These findings suggest that splenitis should be included among differential diagnoses in dogs with compatible clinical, laboratory, and imaging features.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Features of Pancreatic Torsion in a Young Dog.","authors":"Chris Holm, Jonathan T Shiroma","doi":"10.1111/vru.70192","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-month-old male neutered Labrador Retriever was referred for vomiting, inappetence, and lethargy. Baseline bloodwork revealed mild mature neutrophilia, elevated amylase and lipase, and mild hypochloremia. Abdominal ultrasound showed a cavitated left cranial abdominal mass with a \"whirl sign,\" indicating a torsed organ. Surgical resection and histopathology confirmed pancreatic torsion, a rare disease in young dogs. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged the following day. This is the first report describing a \"whirl sign\" on ultrasound associated with pancreatic torsion in a dog.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subdural Empyema in a Dog Originating From the Oral Cavity.","authors":"Reagan Nentwich, Merrilee Holland, Brenna Webb, Amy Yanke","doi":"10.1111/vru.70210","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 6-month-old female Bernese Mountain Dog was referred to the Auburn University Small Animal Teaching Hospital (AUSATH) for progressive neurologic signs. A subdural mass was seen on magnetic resonance imaging, occupying the entire left cerebral hemisphere. The mass was T2 hyperintense and T1 hypointense, with rightward midline shift, compression of the left ventricle, and subfalcine and transtentorial herniation. A tract of T2 hyperintensity/T1 hypointensity that was contrast-enhanced was identified extending from the last left upper molar tract to the optic sheath. These findings, along with clinical signs, were consistent with abscessation secondary to a tooth root abscess or penetrating oral injury, intracranial empyema, and increased intracranial pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonographic Assessment of the Lungs in Asiatic Elephants (Elephas maximus).","authors":"Nirmali Sarma, Tenzing L Lachenpa, Yaduraj Khadpekar, Vaisakh Viswam, Jahan Ahmed, Niraj Dahe, Akshay Ghatare, Govind Shankar, Nikorn Thongtip, Shubham Patil","doi":"10.1111/vru.70194","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asian elephants possess a unique pulmonary anatomy that presents challenges for diagnosing respiratory diseases, particularly when reared under human care where environmental stressors, poor hygiene and limited physical activity predispose them to respiratory pathologies. Conventional diagnostic tools such as radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are impractical for elephants due to their large body size. Diagnosis of lung pathologies is often delayed until postmortem. This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of lung ultrasound (LUS) as a noninvasive, real-time imaging modality in assessing lung health in Asian elephants. A total of 68 noncardiac transthoracic ultrasound scans were performed on 28 elephants to develop a systematic approach for pulmonary imaging. LUS demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting lung lesions, including interstitial syndrome, pulmonary edema, consolidation, pneumothorax, and pleural effusion, even in apparently healthy, asymptomatic individuals. Specific thoracic zones serving as acoustic windows were successfully mapped to improve consistency in lesion localization. Additionally, a semi-quantitative LUS score was developed for the objective assessment of lung aeration across 24 thoracic regions. Despite species-specific challenges such as narrow intercostal spaces and large lung volume, key sonographic features, including A-lines, B-lines, lung sliding, and bronchograms, were visualized. This study establishes LUS as a practical, field-adaptable tool for antemortem detection and monitoring of respiratory disease in elephants. Its ability to detect subclinical pathology offers significant benefits for early intervention, improved clinical outcomes, and support for conservation efforts. LUS has the potential to transform pulmonary diagnostics in elephant healthcare, bridging a critical gap in veterinary medicine for this endangered species.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restricted Diffusion on Diffusion-Weighted MRI in a Cat With Orbital Lymphoma and Presumptive Pulmonary Lymphoma.","authors":"Sang-Kwon Lee, Sunjun Jung, Min Jang, Kija Lee","doi":"10.1111/vru.70218","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 10-year-old Turkish Angora cat presented with left conjunctival swelling and exophthalmos. Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed an orbital mass and a well-defined pulmonary mass in the left cranial lobe. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), demonstrated restricted diffusion in the orbital (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC] = 0.56 × 10^-3 mm²/s) and pulmonary masses (ADC = 0.53 × 10^-3 mm²/s), suggesting high cellularity. Histopathology confirmed orbital lymphoma, and pulmonary lymphoma was suspected on the basis of cytology. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe restricted diffusion on DWI MRI in a feline case of orbital lymphoma and presumptive pulmonary lymphoma, highlighting the potential utility of this imaging modality in distinguishing lymphoma from other tumor types.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Parameters of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) Monitoring Ovarian Hemodynamics in Rats.","authors":"Zhijian Luo, Ting Yang, Xiaorong Luo, Yan Wang, Liyan Wang, Rui Ren, Xinyue Zhou, Xuehong Zhang","doi":"10.1111/vru.70132","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In female animals, the functional status of the ovary is closely associated with ovarian hemodynamics. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a noninvasive imaging technology that allows for the visualization of microvascular blood flow. However, there is a lack of research on the hemodynamics of rat ovaries. This study conducted CEUS dynamic monitoring of ovarian hemodynamics in rats during infancy and pregnancy, revealing significant variations in time-intensity curve (TIC) parameters between the two periods. The findings demonstrate the ability of CEUS to quantitatively assess the hemodynamic characteristics of rat ovaries, indirectly indicating their functional status. Moreover, these results offer a technical method for the noninvasive monitoring of ovarian functional diseases by CEUS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}