Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in a Case of Presumed Unilateral Trigeminal Ganglion Aplasia in a 3-Year-Old Female French Bulldog.","authors":"Jack H M Jarvis, Masahiro Murakami, Go Togawa, Jessica E Linder, Caroline V Fulkerson","doi":"10.1111/vru.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A young female French bulldog with a history of chronic right keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) because since birth was referred for an acute onset of nonambulatory tetraparesis. Right trigeminal nerve sensory deficits, including right corneal anesthesia and absent facial sensation, were identified during examination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neurocranium was performed, revealing severe hypoplasia to the absence of the right trigeminal ganglion, consistent with reports of congenital trigeminal hypoplasia/aplasia in human medicine. This represents a very rare but important differential in young patients with a history of non-responsive KCS, recurrent or slow healing corneal ulceration, and absent corneal sensation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 2","pages":"e70146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12906327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146198080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomographic Grading of Ear Diseases in Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus).","authors":"Tara Brennan, Marine Beauvois, Charly Pignon, Thomas Coutant, Patricia Muffat-Es-Jacques, Elsa Penel, Eymeric Gomes, Mihn Huynh, Harriet Hahn","doi":"10.1111/vru.70143","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ear disease affecting the external and middle ears is a significant health concern in guinea pigs, which can be clinically silent and, if left untreated, can lead to severe and irreversible complications. Computed tomography (CT) is the primary imaging modality used to diagnose otitis in other species, particularly otitis media (OM). This study aimed to develop a CT-based grading scale to assess the severity of CT changes in guinea pigs with otitis. As a prerequisite to this, a detailed, subjective CT-based anatomical characterization of the normal guinea pig ear was conducted to establish a foundational reference framework essential for the construction and application of the grading system. The study included head CT of 60 guinea pigs from 2 institutions. After reviewing normal CT anatomy, a novel grading system was created for otitis externa (OE) and OM, with a scale of I-II for OE and I-V for OM, and applied to the guinea pig population by five reviewers. The level of agreement among reviewers was statistically assessed, revealing an excellent intra-observer agreement and a moderate inter-observer agreement between evaluators, with higher reliability for OM (κ = 0.84) than OE (κ = 0.75). This novel CT-based grading scale provides a systematic approach for evaluating the severity of ear disease in guinea pigs. However, the complexity of guinea pig ear anatomy and the variability in the structure of the tympanic bullae among healthy individuals can make grading particularly challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 2","pages":"e70143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12906324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146198068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT Features of Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus in Guinea Pigs.","authors":"Bernadine Rasmussen-Clark, Daniel Davies, Alex Smith","doi":"10.1111/vru.70145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) was diagnosed in four adult guinea pigs with histories of lethargy and progressive hyporexia. Clinical examination varied between cases and was not specific for gastrointestinal disease. CT revealed a severely gas-dilated and malpositioned stomach in all cases. In three guinea pigs, a \"whirl sign\" was centered around the esophagus. Whole body CT facilitated the detection of significant concurrent pathology such as a splenic mass, obstructive ureterolithiasis, and aspiration pneumonia, leading to euthanasia in two cases. One guinea pig was successfully managed with orogastric tubing. One guinea pig had chronic signs of abdominal disease, which is rarely documented in cases of GDV. Whilst abdominal radiographs are often considered diagnostic for GDV in guinea pigs, CT may facilitate a more comprehensive overview of the condition and any significant comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 2","pages":"e70145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147469280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Right Ventricular Thickness, Myocardial Visualization, and Fractional Area Change: The Impact of Contrast Agent and Transducer Selection.","authors":"Yeonju Park, Suyeon Yoon, Sumin Han, Jihye Shin, Minhyung Kim, Seungjo Park","doi":"10.1111/vru.70153","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate assessment of right ventricular wall thickness, myocardial visualization, and chamber dimensions is crucial in veterinary cardiology but remains understudied in dogs. This prospective observational study evaluated 10 healthy beagle dogs to compare three echocardiographic approaches for assessing right ventricular parameters: sector transducer, convex transducer, and convex transducer with contrast agent. The dogs' health was confirmed through physical examination, laboratory testing, and echocardiographic examinations. Statistical analyses were performed using paired sample t-tests, analysis of variance with Scheffé's post hoc test, Kruskal-Wallis tests for multiple comparisons, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for observer reliability, with significance set at p < 0.05. Using a myocardial visibility and delineation scoring system, the study demonstrated that convex transducers offer superior visualization and inter-observer agreement, particularly in near-field segments (ICC: 0.12-0.92 vs. 0.06-0.73). Apical visualization of the right ventricle was significantly improved by contrast-enhanced echocardiography, thereby enhancing the reliability of right ventricular fractional area change measurements (mean RVFAC, 36.1% ± 7.3% with contrast, ICC 0.7). Additionally, myocardial-chamber delineation was improved by contrast-enhanced echocardiography, which highlighted its potential for evaluating specific pathological conditions, such as myocardial tumors or lesions. This study compared different echocardiographic approaches, clearly identified each technique's clinical strengths and limitations, and emphasized the utility of convex transducers and contrast agents, particularly in near-field lesions and complex myocardial abnormalities assessment. These findings provide valuable insights into improving echocardiographic technique reliability and accuracy in veterinary cardiology and offer practical contributions to canine heart disease diagnosis and treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 2","pages":"e70153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147365615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Contrast Injection Protocols for Time-Resolved MRA Technique in Dogs: A Comparative Study of Vascular Signal Characteristics and Artifacts.","authors":"Sunghwa Hong, Eunji Kim, Junghee Yoon, Jihye Choi","doi":"10.1111/vru.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to optimize magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) protocols for time-resolved MRA imaging in dogs by using different injection rates and contrast volumes. In this experimental and prospective study, four protocols combining two flow rates (0.2 and 2.0 mL/s) and two contrast volumes (0.2 and 0.4 mL/kg, equivalent to 0.1 and 0.2 mmol/kg gadolinium) were applied in five healthy beagle dogs. Quantitative measurements, including maximum signal intensity, peak enhancement time, diagnostic window, and signal homogeneity, were obtained for the common carotid artery and external jugular vein. Qualitative assessment included arterial visibility persistence, wall margin clarity, and artifact evaluation. Statistical comparisons were performed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and effect size analysis was used to further interpret nonsignificant trends. The low-flow-high-volume protocol (0.2 mL/s, 0.4 mL/kg) yielded the longest diagnostic window and superior vessel visibility with minimal venous contamination, while maintaining comparable maximum signal intensity to higher flow rate protocols. Artifact-related issues such as ringing and intravoxel dephasing were least observed in the low-flow-high-volume protocol. Although high-flow-high-volume protocol showed improved signal homogeneity, it was associated with greater artifact susceptibility. Interobserver agreement ranged from fair to substantial (κ = 0.457-0.681), with greater variability in artifact-related scores. These findings suggest that a slower injection rate with higher contrast volume, as seen in the low-flow-high-volume protocol, provides the best balance of image quality and diagnostic performance, supporting its recommendation as a preferred protocol for small-animal time-resolved MRA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 1","pages":"e70107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12797109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145960323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction and Validation of Radiographic Guidelines for Identification of Nasoesophageal and Nasogastric Tube Position in Dogs and Cats.","authors":"Andrea Vila Cabaleiro, Dan G O'Neill, Alessia Cordella, Federico R Vilaplana Grosso, Sara Gioele Rizzo, Hannah L Matson, Federica Porcarelli, Jade C Bosher, Vedant S Matkar, Rachael G Duggan, Alessia Diana, Emmelie Stock, Harriet Pearce, Ella Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1111/vru.70138","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasoesophageal and nasogastric feeding tubes are commonly used in dogs and cats, but inadvertent tracheal placement can cause serious complications. Although radiographs are widely used for confirming tube position, standardized interpretive guidelines are lacking. This study aimed to introduce and validate novel radiographic guidelines for improving tube position identification. Six blinded interpreters (one radiology intern, two emergency and critical care residents, one general practitioner, and two fourth-year veterinary students) with varying clinical experience assessed tube positioning on 256 lateral canine and feline cervical/thoracic radiographs before and after receiving the guidelines. True tube position was determined by clinical history and radiographic assessment by two board-certified radiologists. The proposed guidelines for identifying correctly positioned tubes included (1) incomplete superposition of the tube on the tracheal lumen, (2) dorsal tube position relative to the carina, and (3) relative to the larynx when included. The study included 129 esophageal-positioned (correct) and 127 tracheal-positioned (incorrect) radiographs with nasoesophageal/nasogastric tubes. The implementation of the radiographic guidelines significantly improved the correct identification of tube positioning, increasing from 82.1% pre-guidelines to 95.8% post-guidelines (p < 0.001). Additionally, \"uncertain\" assessments decreased from 14.1% pre-guidelines to 2.4% post-guidelines (p < 0.001). Before guidelines, interpreters correctly identified tube position in 89.1% of radiographs that included the larynx. However, guideline implementation did not significantly impact the correct interpretation of tube position assessment when the larynx was included. These results validate the clinical utility of a novel radiographic guideline to improve the accuracy and confidence of identification of nasoesophageal/nasogastric tube position in dogs and cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 1","pages":"e70138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Bilaterally Symmetrical Lesions in a Dog With Concomitant Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis and Necrotizing Encephalitis.","authors":"Tessa Victoria Procter, Jacqueline Poldy, Adrian William Philbey, Sumari Dancer, Callum Nicholas Atkins, Megan Elizabeth Madden","doi":"10.1111/vru.70117","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 3-year-old, female neutered Bichon Frise was presented with a 2-day history of behavioral changes and ataxia. The neurological examination was consistent with diffuse forebrain involvement, with left lateralization. An MRI study identified bilaterally symmetrical T2W/T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) hyperintense, T1W hypointense, non-enhancing lesions involving the basal nuclei, with restricted diffusion and hemorrhage affecting both caudate nuclei. Similar bilaterally symmetrical T2W/T2-FLAIR hyperintense lesions were noted in the hypothalamus, midbrain, and occipital lobes. Histopathological examination indicated concomitant granulomatous meningoencephalitis and necrotizing encephalitis. This case report documents previously unreported bilaterally symmetrical canine brain lesions suspected to be secondary to an autoimmune inflammatory etiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 1","pages":"e70117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13020663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145757700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Spinal Meningeal Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Healthy Dogs: Characteristics of Enhancement Patterns and the Effect of Acquisition Time.","authors":"Minhee Lee, Wooseok Jin, Sang-Kwon Lee, Hojung Choi, Youngwon Lee, Miori Kishimoto, Kija Lee","doi":"10.1111/vru.70130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meningeal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly associated with pathological conditions, including inflammation, neoplasia, or ischemia. However, short and thin segments of contrast enhancement are considered normal in the brain meninges, but studies on spinal meningeal enhancement in dogs are limited. This prospective, exploratory study aimed to determine the presence and characteristics of cervical spinal meningeal enhancement in healthy dogs as well as the impact of acquisition time on enhancement. Cervical spinal MRI was performed from the dens of the axis to the C4-5 intervertebral disc (IVD) in 12 healthy beagles. T2-weighted, T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (T1CE), immediate fat-saturated T1CE (T1CE_FS), and 15-min delayed T1CE_FS images were acquired. Enhancement patterns were categorized by their distribution, location (dorsal, lateral, or ventral aspect of the meninges), and shape (long segments, short segments, or spots). The enhancement percentage (E%) was calculated to quantitatively evaluate the enhancement. All dogs showed contrast enhancement at the IVD level, not the vertebral body. On immediate imaging, the enhanced regions predominantly appeared as short segments, most commonly at the C2-3, primarily in the dorsal aspect of the meninges. No significant differences were found between the two acquisitions except for the decrease in the E% in C3-4 after a 15-min delay. These results suggest that cervical spinal meningeal enhancement is a normal finding in healthy dogs, primarily appearing as short segments in the dorsal aspect of the meninges at the C2-3 level, with minimal changes between immediate and delayed imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 1","pages":"e70130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Computed Tomographic Analysis of the Anatomical Characteristics of Canine Head Arteries for Transarterial Chemoembolization of Canine Oronasal Tumors\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/vru.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vru.70127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 1","pages":"e70127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologic Findings in Three Dogs With Metastatic Carcinoma Presenting With Bronchovascular Bundle Thickening on Computed Tomography.","authors":"Robert Wise, Maria Mulvihill, Jennifer Reetz, Bianca Pfisterer, Wilfried Mai","doi":"10.1111/vru.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carcinoma metastasis to the lungs can occur via multiple pathways, most notably via hematogenous, lymphangitic, or aerogenous routes. Computed tomographic (CT) characteristics of these metastatic pathways can vary, with only sparse reports of bronchovascular bundle thickening (BVBT) associated with metastatic carcinoma. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, three dogs with metastatic carcinoma and BVBT on CT that had corresponding histopathological sections at the site of BVBT were reviewed. These cases showed expansion of the peribronchial/peribronchiolar interstitium with islands of neoplastic cells within the stroma and either lymphatic infiltration alone or hematogenous and lymphatic infiltration combined (lymphovascular), along with neoplastic cells in the airways and/or septal lining of the alveoli. On the basis of this study, BVBT on CT in dogs can be seen with metastatic carcinoma, associated with peribronchial/peribronchiolar lymphovascular and aerogenous metastases. Additional studies are needed to characterize each metastatic pathway and further correlate histopathological findings with CT appearance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 1","pages":"e70120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12684330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}