Thomas David Chisholm Woods, Jonathon Dixon, Barny Simon Lovat Fraser, Chris Melvaine
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Exploratory tenoscopy is considered the gold standard technique to identify intrathecal pathology of the equine carpal flexor tendon sheath (CFTS). Preoperative diagnosis allows for more precise prognostication and surgical planning, potentially associated with improved surgical outcomes. This prospective, descriptive, anatomical study aimed to describe the anatomy of the equine CFTS using noncontrast and contrast CT in clinically normal cadaver limbs. Ten pairs of equine forelimbs free of gross external abnormalities were examined from mid-antebrachium to distal metacarpus. Specimens initially underwent noncontrast CT examination using 135 kVp, dynamic mAs, and 1 mm slice thickness. Contrast media (iohexol) diluted in saline (total 60 mL, final concentration 75 mg/mL) was injected into the CFTS from a lateral approach before the CT examination was repeated. Tenoscopy was then performed using the conventional lateral approach. Dissection was used to compare the gross, tenoscopic, and imaging findings. The combined noncontrast CT and contrast CT examinations provided excellent anatomical detail of intrathecal and extrathecal structures. Detailed anatomy of the previously undescribed proximal mesotenon and manica of the common mesotenon were also identified. The distal termination of the CFTS was beyond the mid-metacarpus in most specimens, which is significantly more distal than previously reported. This is an important consideration when administering local anesthesia in orthopedic examinations to prevent potential iatrogenic CFTS penetration, which may induce sepsis if the aseptic technique is not followed. Noncontrast and contrast CT can be used to accurately identify CFTS anatomy. Documentation of new intrathecal structures provides a greater understanding of CFTS anatomy.
期刊介绍:
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound is a bimonthly, international, peer-reviewed, research journal devoted to the fields of veterinary diagnostic imaging and radiation oncology. Established in 1958, it is owned by the American College of Veterinary Radiology and is also the official journal for six affiliate veterinary organizations. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound is represented on the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, World Association of Medical Editors, and Committee on Publication Ethics.
The mission of Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound is to serve as a leading resource for high quality articles that advance scientific knowledge and standards of clinical practice in the areas of veterinary diagnostic radiology, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, nuclear imaging, radiation oncology, and interventional radiology. Manuscript types include original investigations, imaging diagnosis reports, review articles, editorials and letters to the Editor. Acceptance criteria include originality, significance, quality, reader interest, composition and adherence to author guidelines.