IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114518

Jie Zhu , Zhenxing Wang , Ciaran Duffy , Zhehong Lu , Dan Sun

引用次数: 0

Transmission electron microscopy with in-situ ion irradiation: Facilities and community 原位离子辐照的透射电子显微镜：设施和社区

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114525

Khalid Hattar , Rishabh Kothari , Wei-Ying Chen , Mark R. Daymond , Santhana Eswara , Kevin G. Field , Aurélie Gentils , Abe Hiroaki , Lewys Jones , Arakawa Kazuto , Mitsutaka Miyamoto , Guang Ran , Tamaki Shibayama , Christopher M. Smyth , Gary S. Was , Jonathan A. Hinks

{"title":"Transmission electron microscopy with in-situ ion irradiation: Facilities and community","authors":"Khalid Hattar , Rishabh Kothari , Wei-Ying Chen , Mark R. Daymond , Santhana Eswara , Kevin G. Field , Aurélie Gentils , Abe Hiroaki , Lewys Jones , Arakawa Kazuto , Mitsutaka Miyamoto , Guang Ran , Tamaki Shibayama , Christopher M. Smyth , Gary S. Was , Jonathan A. Hinks","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whilst there is a clear scientific and technological need for the technical capabilities of transmission electron microscopes with in-situ ion irradiation, it also requires a collaborative community of international researchers to support such facilities in successfully meeting this demand. Instruments of this type serve to provide fundamental understanding of the mechanisms which drive changes in materials important to nuclear fission and fusion energy, the semiconductor industry, quantum information systems, space travel, astronomy, geology and many more applications. As these areas continue to evolve and the instrumentation possibilities expand, the capacity of in-situ ion irradiation facilities must also develop hand-in-hand with the user community to deliver an ever-greater diversity of high-fidelity extreme-environment experimentation. Future directions for the field, such as miniaturization from MEMS/microfluidic devices and advanced controls with ML-based analysis, continuously emerge to advance both the hardware and software which support the coupling of TEMs with ion beams. This review sets out to provide up-to-date insights into the community and advancement of current, and development of future, facilities which have the potential to further unlock access to the nanoscale exploration of coupled extreme environments crucial to many of the important science and engineering challenges we face today.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defect formation and irradiation response in Ti-5331 alloy under helium ion exposure 氦离子辐照下Ti-5331合金缺陷形成及辐照响应

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114526

Zhen Wu , Yunmei Shi , Qigui Yang , Zhian Song , Qianqian Wang , Rui Ma , Peng Zhang , Yu Chen , Zhihong Li , Runsheng Yu , Te Zhu , Mingpan Wan , Xingzhong Cao

{"title":"Defect formation and irradiation response in Ti-5331 alloy under helium ion exposure","authors":"Zhen Wu , Yunmei Shi , Qigui Yang , Zhian Song , Qianqian Wang , Rui Ma , Peng Zhang , Yu Chen , Zhihong Li , Runsheng Yu , Te Zhu , Mingpan Wan , Xingzhong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The radiation resistance of titanium alloys and their mechanical responses to irradiation-induced defects are still not fully understood, particularly among the materials being considered for advanced nuclear reactors. In this study, we combine experimental methods with first-principles calculations to explore the formation and evolution of helium bubbles in the Ti-5331 alloy (Ti-5Al-3V-3Zr-0.7Cr) subjected to helium ion irradiation across varying fluences and temperatures. Our findings reveal that vacancy-helium atom complexes (He<sub>m</sub>V<sub>n</sub>) form in the Ti-5331 alloy, which then evolve into helium bubbles. The size and distribution density of these bubbles correlate with both the irradiation fluences and the temperatures employed. Significantly, we quantitatively estimate the average number of helium atoms trapped within vacancy clusters for sub-nanometer bubbles observed at low irradiation fluences, using a combination of first-principles calculations and experimental data. Notably, we identify approximately 1–2 helium atoms trapped within clusters of 13 vacancy sites, representing the primary type of vacancy defects introduced by irradiation. Additionally, we discuss the significant irradiation hardening observed, primarily due to the strong interactions between larger helium bubbles and defect clusters. These findings provide crucial insights into the complex interplay among irradiation-induced vacancy defects, bubble formation, and the evolution of mechanical properties in titanium alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compact pulsed laser deposition system for in-situ polarized neutron reflectometry 用于原位偏振中子反射测量的紧凑脉冲激光沉积系统

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114521

Grigorii Kirichuk , Alexey Grunin , Artur Dolgoborodov , Pavel Prokopovich , Petr Shvets , Alexey Vorobiev , Anton Devishvilli , Alexandr Goikhman , Ksenia Maksimova

{"title":"Compact pulsed laser deposition system for in-situ polarized neutron reflectometry","authors":"Grigorii Kirichuk , Alexey Grunin , Artur Dolgoborodov , Pavel Prokopovich , Petr Shvets , Alexey Vorobiev , Anton Devishvilli , Alexandr Goikhman , Ksenia Maksimova","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of ferromagnet/heavy metal thin-film structures, such as CoFeB/Mo, with spin-orbit interaction requires advanced methods for their production and study. Polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) provides unique insights into the evolution of magnetic properties, especially when applied <em>in-situ</em> during the growth process. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a versatile method for producing magnetic thin films, and combining PLD with <em>in-situ</em> PNR measurements offers new possibilities for their investigation.</div><div>In this work, we developed a compact vacuum chamber integrated into the neutron instrument, enabling step-by-step deposition and <em>in-situ</em> PNR measurements. A multilayer Mo/[CoFeB/Mo]<sub>12</sub> structure was grown, and neutron reflectivity curves measured after each cycle revealed the gradual evolution of sample properties. A weak magnetic field response suggested the potential formation of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) at CoFeB/Mo interfaces. Additionally, a single CoFeB film was annealed up to 450 °C, followed by the deposition of a ∼5 Å Mo layer. PNR measurements in magnetic fields of 0.01 T and 0.75 T showed a significant increase in in-plane magnetization, confirming PMA formation.</div><div>Thus, we demonstrate the first successful operation of a combined PLD and <em>in-situ</em> PNR system, showcasing its capabilities for characterizing single-layer CoFeB and multilayer CoFeB/Mo thin-film structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design method and working characteristics of a novel smooth rotor profile for twin-screw vacuum pumps 新型双螺杆真空泵转子光滑型线的设计方法及工作特性

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114523

Baifa An, Ruijie Hou, Jun Wang, Zixu Wang, Teng Li, Chu Wang, Lifan Xing, Jiejie Li, Changrun Chen, Zengli Wang

{"title":"Design method and working characteristics of a novel smooth rotor profile for twin-screw vacuum pumps","authors":"Baifa An, Ruijie Hou, Jun Wang, Zixu Wang, Teng Li, Chu Wang, Lifan Xing, Jiejie Li, Changrun Chen, Zengli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Screw rotors, as the core components of twin-screw vacuum pumps, significantly determine their operational efficiency. The conventional cycloid-involute screw rotor suffers from problems such as an excessively large central angle, while the double-cycloid screw rotor demonstrates inferior meshing performance. In this study, two new smooth cross-sectional profiles were generated based on the screw rotor meshing principle. A \"curve-plane-solid\" methodology was developed for rotor generation. The geometric properties of two novel types of screw rotors were comprehensively analyzed, and compared with those of conventional cycloid-involute screw rotors and double-cycloid screw rotors. The leakage characteristics of elliptical-arc screw rotors and double-cycloid screw rotors were investigated by numerical simulation, and their performance was compared by experiments. It is found that the elliptical-arc screw rotors feature a smaller leakage volume. The simulation results were experimentally verified. The ultimate pressure of the elliptical-arc screw rotors can reach 0.9 Pa based on the novel rotor generation method. Therefore, the new type of smooth screw rotors dramatically improves the pump geometric performance, and effectively alleviates the adverse effects of the working process. The finding of present study can provide support for the application development of screw vacuum pumps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gold cluster decorated nanoporous network of nickel oxide for energy storage application 金簇修饰氧化镍纳米孔网络的储能应用

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114522

Sneha R. Bhosale , Rakhee R. Bhosale , Vithoba L. Patil , Asiya M. Tamboli , Mohaseen S. Tamboli , Rushikesh P. Dhavale , Sanjay S. Kolekar , Prashant V. Anbhule

引用次数: 0

The impact of Ni and Zn doping on the stability, electrical and thermal conductivity of intermetallic compounds between Sn solder and Cu substrate Ni和Zn掺杂对锡焊料与Cu衬底间金属间化合物稳定性、电导率和导热性的影响

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114527

Xinyu Wang , Jieshi Chen , Xiao He , Meng Lin , Zhixin Hou , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong

{"title":"The impact of Ni and Zn doping on the stability, electrical and thermal conductivity of intermetallic compounds between Sn solder and Cu substrate","authors":"Xinyu Wang , Jieshi Chen , Xiao He , Meng Lin , Zhixin Hou , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>First-principles calculations, grounded in density functional theory and augmented by the Boltzmann transport theory, have been conducted to scrutinize the influence of Ni and Zn doping on Cu-Sn IMC interfaces. These calculations, which factor in a radius parameter, shed light on the effects to interfacial stability, electronic structure, bonding properties, and the conductive behaviors—both electrical and thermal. The doping of Ni elements increases the absolute value of the interfacial formation enthalpy, enhancing its stability, while the doping of Zn elements reduces the absolute value of the formation enthalpy, decreasing its stability. The calculation results of the ideal adhesion work Wad indicate that all Cu-Sn-X (X: Ni, Zn)/Cu interface models are stable, with Wad >0. Due to the transfer of electrons and the hybridization of electronic orbitals at the Cu-Sn-X (X: Ni, Zn)/Cu interface, chemical bonds with both covalent and ionic characteristics are formed. Doping the Cu-Sn IMC/Cu system with Ni and Zn in place of Cu and Sn atoms leads to a reduction in the quantity of free electrons, consequently lowering the system's electrical and thermal conductivities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Substitutional doping-induced tunable van der Waals heterostructures of X-WSe2/Ti2CO2 in optoelectronic properties: A first-principles study 取代掺杂诱导的X-WSe2/Ti2CO2可调谐范德瓦尔斯异质结构的光电性质：第一性原理研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114529

Zhixin Hou , Jieshi Chen , Yi Zheng , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong , Shuye Zhang

{"title":"Substitutional doping-induced tunable van der Waals heterostructures of X-WSe2/Ti2CO2 in optoelectronic properties: A first-principles study","authors":"Zhixin Hou , Jieshi Chen , Yi Zheng , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong , Shuye Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study constructed the X-WSe<sub>2</sub>/Ti<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub> vdW-HS and explored the doping effects of transition metal elements X (X being V, Nb, Ta, Mo, or Tc) on the W or Se sites of WSe<sub>2</sub> in the heterojunction. First-principles calculations revealed that all structures possess stability, with those doped at the W site mostly exhibiting metallic properties; whereas those doped at the Se site are all semiconductors, and for elements in the same period, Nb, Mo, and Tc doping reduced the bandgap from 0.4 eV to 0.32 eV–0.213 eV. The order of interlayer charge transfer in the heterojunction is Tc > Mo > V > Ta > Nb (W site) and Ta > Nb > Mo > V > Tc (Se site). The optical absorption coefficient in the visible light range can reach as high as 4.8 × 10<sup>5</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup> (Mo-doped Se). The main reason for these phenomena is that the doping of X has different filling effects on the CB and VB of the system, causing shifts in the <em>E</em><sub><em>f</em></sub> and atomic orbitals, thereby achieving regulation of the heterojunction properties. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of high-performance optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature self-lubrication capacities of CaF2/BaF2 reinforced CoCrFeNiV matrix composites CaF2/BaF2增强CoCrFeNiV基复合材料显微组织、力学性能及高温自润滑性能研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114516

Wenxiang Wang , Pengfei Qiu , Shengjie Ye , Xinghua Zhang , Muye Niu , Jun Cheng , Yunxia Guo , Qiuyuan Xie

{"title":"Investigation of microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature self-lubrication capacities of CaF2/BaF2 reinforced CoCrFeNiV matrix composites","authors":"Wenxiang Wang , Pengfei Qiu , Shengjie Ye , Xinghua Zhang , Muye Niu , Jun Cheng , Yunxia Guo , Qiuyuan Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the rapid degradation of traditional liquid lubricants under extreme service conditions, solid self-lubricating composites have emerged as promising candidates in engineering fields, owing to their ability to operate effectively at temperatures above 400 °C. In this work, a series of high-performance CoCrFeNiV-CaF<sub>2</sub>/BaF<sub>2</sub> solid-lubricating composites were synthesized by vacuum heating-press sintering techniques. The composites showed high hardness of 582.8 ± 8 HV, attributed to the presence of the σ-phase. Tribological tests showed that the BaF<sub>2</sub>/CaF<sub>2</sub> solid lubricant, along with oxide glazing layer on the sliding surface, significantly reduced friction and wear at 600 °C. At 800 °C, the V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> in the glazing layer enhanced lubrication, lowering the friction coefficient further. However, its brittle rod-like structure led to higher wear rates. These results indicate that CoCrFeNiV-CaF<sub>2</sub>/BaF<sub>2</sub> self-lubricating composites are excellent wear-resistant materials at medium temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of plasmonic multilayer stacks through control of magnetron sputtering deposition conditions 通过控制磁控溅射沉积条件优化等离子体多层堆叠

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114490

Louis Rassinfosse , Emile Haye , Michel Voué , Olivier Deparis , Stéphane Lucas

引用次数: 0

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