IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113841

Xingyue Jin , Peng Zhao , Lin Li , Chengzhou Liu , Chuanwen Geng , Qifu Lin , Liqun Hu

{"title":"Diagnostic study of atmospheric pressure inductively coupled plasma temperature field based on image and relative spectral line method","authors":"Xingyue Jin , Peng Zhao , Lin Li , Chengzhou Liu , Chuanwen Geng , Qifu Lin , Liqun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric pressure inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is widely applied in the production of high-purity coatings and powders. This paper innovatively presents a dual-band imaging ICP temperature diagnostic system that integrates visible light image processing technology and relative spectral line method. The system utilizes a dual-band imaging unit to simultaneously acquire monochromatic grayscale images of ICP at two different wavelengths using a single CCD camera. By establishing the correspondence between the emission intensity received by the emission spectrometer and the grayscale images recorded by the CCD camera, the two-dimensional (2D) electron excitation temperature (EET) field distribution of ICP is obtained by the relative spectral line method. The experimental results demonstrate that the maximum EET is located near to the center line of the RF-driven coil. Additionally, the EET in ICP decreases gradually from the center of the induction coil to the periphery. As the radio frequency (RF) power increases, the maximum EET also increases, and the high-temperature region expands. The accuracy of this method is validated by comparing it with the results obtained from the Boltzmann plot method. Therefore, this method can quickly obtain the transient EET field distribution of ICP, which is significant for optimizing the application of ICP in material processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis and spark plasma sintering of Ti5Si3-Mo powders with core-shell structure 具有核壳结构的 Ti5Si3-Mo 粉末的合成与火花等离子烧结

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113843

Ievgen Solodkyi , Vadim Mosiichuk , Oleksandr Kucher , Manja Krüger

{"title":"Synthesis and spark plasma sintering of Ti5Si3-Mo powders with core-shell structure","authors":"Ievgen Solodkyi , Vadim Mosiichuk , Oleksandr Kucher , Manja Krüger","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Core-shell Ті<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>-Mo powders were successfully synthesized by reducing of ammonium molybdate (para) tetrahydrate with hydrogen and glycerol, respectively. As a result, the Ti<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub> core was coated with submicron and nanosized Mo particles. The morphology and microstructure of the synthesized powders were studied scanning electron microscopy along with local chemical analysis. Phase analysis was performed using X-ray diffraction. The synthesized powders were densified by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at a temperature of 1500 °C. It was shown that powders with a core-shell structure are densified up to a temperature of 1330 °C, while the mechanical mixture of commercial powders at this temperature only begins to densify. The hardness (HV20) of the obtained composites was also investigated. Compressive strength investigation at room temperature shows 5.5 % plastic strain and ultimate strength of about 3 GPa as well as fractographic studies have shown the presence of a pseudo-brittle fracture mechanism for the metal matrix composite (MMC), which was sintered by SPS of the core-shell Ti<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>-Mo powder synthesized by reduction with glycerol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monte Carlo simulation of the magnetic properties of a multilayer mixed-spin system (5/2, 3/2) 多层混合自旋系统（5/2，3/2）磁特性的蒙特卡罗模拟

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113781

H. Saadi , A. Al-Rajhi , E.M. Jalal , O. Hachem , M. Madani , M. El Bouziani

引用次数: 0

Effect of preheating treatment in Ar atmosphere on oxidation resistance of Mg-Y alloys and formation of oxide film 氩气环境中的预热处理对 Mg-Y 合金抗氧化性和氧化膜形成的影响

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113836

S.Y. Liu , J. Apell , B. Li , Z.H. Liu , G.J. Liu , X.Y. Lang , Y.F. Zhu , Q. Jiang

{"title":"Effect of preheating treatment in Ar atmosphere on oxidation resistance of Mg-Y alloys and formation of oxide film","authors":"S.Y. Liu , J. Apell , B. Li , Z.H. Liu , G.J. Liu , X.Y. Lang , Y.F. Zhu , Q. Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium and its alloys occupy a vital role in the aerospace, automotive and communications industries due to their low density, high specific strength and electromagnetic shielding capabilities. However, due to the strong affinity of Mg for O and the fact that MgO is generally not protective, application of Mg and its alloys at high temperature often results in catastrophic oxidation. One promising approach is based on the addition of Y in combination with a suitable pretreatment to achieve a protective oxide. Therefore, the oxidation resistance (OR) of Mg-<em>x</em>Y (<em>x</em> = 0.5, 2.5 and 5.5 wt%) was investigated after using a preheating treatment in Ar atmosphere. The oxidation resistance of preheated Mg-<em>x</em>Y alloys is greatly improved compared to unpreheated alloys and pure Mg, particularly for <em>x</em> = 2.5. This improvement is attributed to the enrichment of Y to the surface caused by outward diffusion of Y, and subsequent selective oxidation of Y under low oxygen partial pressure to generate a dense and compact protective film, composed of an outer thin MgO/Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite layer and an inner thick Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer. Some flocculent MgO/Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composites were observed on the surface of preheated Mg-5.5Y during the oxidation process, lowering the OR of this alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interfacial electric field of CdIn2S4/CuS heterostructure induced S-scheme charge transfer for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting CdIn2S4/CuS 异质结构的界面电场诱导 S 型电荷转移，实现高效光电化学水分离

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113838

Zonghan Hu , Qi Wang , Zihang Wang , Lanlan Zhang , Chengwei Hu , Yuanhu Lei , Yupei Qiao , Bing Lv

{"title":"Interfacial electric field of CdIn2S4/CuS heterostructure induced S-scheme charge transfer for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting","authors":"Zonghan Hu , Qi Wang , Zihang Wang , Lanlan Zhang , Chengwei Hu , Yuanhu Lei , Yupei Qiao , Bing Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the two predominant heterojunction types, namely type II and S-scheme heterojunctions, are extensively employed in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for hydrogen production. However, type II heterojunctions suffer from the drawback of diminished oxidation-reduction capability. In this work, S-scheme CdIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/CuS (CIS/CuS) heterojunction nanoblocks (NBs) photoanode is constructed for the first time by a hydrothermal and the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) methods. The heterojunction achieves a photocurrent density of up to 4.0 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> at 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl, 2.37 times that of the pure CIS NBs photoanode. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Tauc plots, Mott-Schottky (M − S) tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the formation of S-scheme band structure between the interface of CIS and CuS. As a result, the significantly enhanced PEC water splitting performance of CIS/CuS NBs photoanode is attributed to the superior light absorption ability of CuS and the effective charge separation achieved by S-scheme band structure between the interface of CIS and CuS. This work also provides new ideas and strategies for designing efficient S-scheme heterostructures for efficient PEC water splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical regulation of graphene infrared image display based on high-efficiency lithium ions intercalation method 基于高效锂离子插层法的石墨烯红外图像显示的电化学调控

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113842

Longhao Liu , Kaixi Bi , Ganying Zeng , Yan Zhuang , Shuqi Han , Shengguo Zhang , Linyu Mei

{"title":"Electrochemical regulation of graphene infrared image display based on high-efficiency lithium ions intercalation method","authors":"Longhao Liu , Kaixi Bi , Ganying Zeng , Yan Zhuang , Shuqi Han , Shengguo Zhang , Linyu Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the advancement of infrared modulation technologies, infrared display devices have attracted increasing attention. Previous studies have mainly focused on the response time of infrared display devices and have achieved great success. Nevertheless, owing to the restricted material properties or modulation approaches, the response time of the majority of infrared modulating devices remains trapped at level for a few seconds. In this paper, we fabricated an infrared images display device based on lithium-ion intercalated multilayer graphene (MLG). By changing the lithium-ion content and current value, we had successfully improved its response time from approximately 140,000 ms to around 6 ms.Meanwhile, its absorbance also has significant changes within 0.8–1.8 μm (∼75 %–∼25 %) and 2.5–25 μm (∼45 %–∼2 %). In addition, multi-pixel infrared display unit has been realized on a flexible substrate. The letters \"N, U, and C″ were dynamically displayed continuously at 3∗3 pixels by controlling lithium-ions intercalate MLG state. Our work is expected to provide theoretical and technological support for ultrafast flexible dynamic infrared display devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the application of components manufactured with stereolithographic 3D printing in high vacuum systems 在高真空系统中应用立体平版 3D 打印技术制造的部件

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113809

Aleksandar Radić , Sam Morgan Lambrick , Sam Rhodes , David James Ward

{"title":"On the application of components manufactured with stereolithographic 3D printing in high vacuum systems","authors":"Aleksandar Radić , Sam Morgan Lambrick , Sam Rhodes , David James Ward","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explore the ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) compatibility of Formlabs ‘Clear Resin’ <em>via</em> vat photopolymerisation (VPP). We report on a method for using VPP additive manufacturing, specifically Formlabs’ widely available stereolithographic (SLA) printing using their ‘Clear Resin’ material, to rapidly and cheaply prototype components for use in high-vacuum (HV) environments. We present pump down curves and residual gas analysis to demonstrate the primary vacuum contaminant from freshly printed SLA plastics is water with no evidence of polymers outgassing from the material and thus the vacuum performance can be controlled with simple treatments which do not involve surface sealing. An unbaked vacuum system containing SLA printed components achieved 1.9 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10<sup>-8</sup> <!-->mbar base pressure whilst retaining structural integrity and manufacturing accuracy. Outgassing rates in the HV test chamber and preliminary results in a UHV chamber indicate that our method can be extended to achieve ultrahigh-vacuum compatibility. We further report on the effect of atmospheric exposure to components and present evidence to suggest that water re-ad/absorption occurs exclusively on the surface, by showing that the bulk mass changes of the material is irreversible on the timescale investigated (<span><math><mrow><mo><</mo><mn>2</mn><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>weeks).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DC voltage prestrike characteristics of single VI and series VIs with AMF and TMF contacts 带有 AMF 和 TMF 触点的单个 VI 和串联 VI 的直流电压预触发特性

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113840

Yun Geng , Xiaofei Yao , Siyi Wei , Jianning Yin , Jiangang Ding , Haomin Li , Yingsan Geng , Zhiyuan Liu

{"title":"DC voltage prestrike characteristics of single VI and series VIs with AMF and TMF contacts","authors":"Yun Geng , Xiaofei Yao , Siyi Wei , Jianning Yin , Jiangang Ding , Haomin Li , Yingsan Geng , Zhiyuan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The double-break vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) effectively solves the problem of voltage saturation of the single-break VCB and improves the performance of the VCB. However, there is currently a lack of research on the prestrike characteristics of combined series vacuum interrupters (VIs) composed of different contact structures when closing under DC voltage. In this paper, the prestrike characteristics of a single VI and a combined series VIs with a cup-type axial magnetic field (AMF) contact and a spiral-type transverse magnetic field (TMF) contact are studied experimentally and numerically. The prestrike characteristics include 50 % prestrike gap (<em>d</em><sub>50</sub>), prestrike gap dispersion (<em>σ</em><sub>pre</sub>), prestrike voltage (<em>U</em><sub>f</sub>) and prestrike field strength (<em>E</em>). Two single VIs and four series VIs are AMF single VI, TMF single VI, AMF-AMF series VIs, AMF-TMF series VIs, TMF-AMF series VIs and TMF-TMF series VIs. This research can provide a basis for the design of the series VIs applied in the phase-controlled closing, and provide theoretical support for further analysis of the prestrike characteristics of the series VIs under capacitive switching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel physical vapor deposition setup applying high-frequency currents: Deposition of Cu thin films 应用高频电流的新型物理气相沉积装置：铜薄膜的沉积

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113839

Ioannis A. Poimenidis , Michalis Liapakis , Argyro Klini , Maria Farsari , Stavros D. Moustaizis , Michalis Konsolakis , Panagiotis A. Loukakos

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of oxygen-rich carbon materials as metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in seawater electrolyte 合成富氧碳材料作为海水电解质中氧还原反应的无金属催化剂

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113834

Jiangpeng Li , Qiuchen He , Su Zhan , Lin Zhou , Junjie Zhang , Yuchen Qiao , Ziming Zhao , Dehui Yang , Wenjun Jiang , Feng Zhou

{"title":"Synthesis of oxygen-rich carbon materials as metal-free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in seawater electrolyte","authors":"Jiangpeng Li , Qiuchen He , Su Zhan , Lin Zhou , Junjie Zhang , Yuchen Qiao , Ziming Zhao , Dehui Yang , Wenjun Jiang , Feng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2024.113834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared to conventional aqueous metal-air batteries, seawater batteries provide a promising strategy for the sustainable energy conversion and storage systems. However, the intricate ionic environment of seawater, in particular, Cl<sup>−</sup> significantly restraint the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of the catalysts. Herein, mesoporous carbon materials with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups were simply fabricated as the cost-effective catalysts from the biowaste <em>Ginkgo biloba</em>, exhibiting prominent stability and ORR activity with a 4e<sup>−</sup> path selectivity up to 92 % in seawater electrolyte. Structure characterization and ORR experimental results indicated the ORR performance was significantly modulated by the C-O-C in carbon matrix, and the synergistic of C-O-C and N-containing configuration may further enhance the dissociation of O-O of ∗OOH, resulting in an optimized 4e<sup>−</sup> path selectivity. Additionally, the <em>Ginkgo biloba</em> derived catalysts displayed an overpotential of 580 mV for at 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> more negative than that of the previously reported commercial Ir/C in seawater electrolyte. This study highlights the synthesis of sustainable and cost-effective catalysts for seawater batteries, offering a strategy for designing metal-free catalysts of seawater battery, and promoting the advancement of sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 113834"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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