IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114527

Xinyu Wang , Jieshi Chen , Xiao He , Meng Lin , Zhixin Hou , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong

{"title":"The impact of Ni and Zn doping on the stability, electrical and thermal conductivity of intermetallic compounds between Sn solder and Cu substrate","authors":"Xinyu Wang , Jieshi Chen , Xiao He , Meng Lin , Zhixin Hou , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>First-principles calculations, grounded in density functional theory and augmented by the Boltzmann transport theory, have been conducted to scrutinize the influence of Ni and Zn doping on Cu-Sn IMC interfaces. These calculations, which factor in a radius parameter, shed light on the effects to interfacial stability, electronic structure, bonding properties, and the conductive behaviors—both electrical and thermal. The doping of Ni elements increases the absolute value of the interfacial formation enthalpy, enhancing its stability, while the doping of Zn elements reduces the absolute value of the formation enthalpy, decreasing its stability. The calculation results of the ideal adhesion work Wad indicate that all Cu-Sn-X (X: Ni, Zn)/Cu interface models are stable, with Wad >0. Due to the transfer of electrons and the hybridization of electronic orbitals at the Cu-Sn-X (X: Ni, Zn)/Cu interface, chemical bonds with both covalent and ionic characteristics are formed. Doping the Cu-Sn IMC/Cu system with Ni and Zn in place of Cu and Sn atoms leads to a reduction in the quantity of free electrons, consequently lowering the system's electrical and thermal conductivities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Substitutional doping-induced tunable van der Waals heterostructures of X-WSe2/Ti2CO2 in optoelectronic properties: A first-principles study 取代掺杂诱导的X-WSe2/Ti2CO2可调谐范德瓦尔斯异质结构的光电性质：第一性原理研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114529

Zhixin Hou , Jieshi Chen , Yi Zheng , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong , Shuye Zhang

{"title":"Substitutional doping-induced tunable van der Waals heterostructures of X-WSe2/Ti2CO2 in optoelectronic properties: A first-principles study","authors":"Zhixin Hou , Jieshi Chen , Yi Zheng , Chun Yu , Hao Lu , Kai Xiong , Shuye Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study constructed the X-WSe<sub>2</sub>/Ti<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub> vdW-HS and explored the doping effects of transition metal elements X (X being V, Nb, Ta, Mo, or Tc) on the W or Se sites of WSe<sub>2</sub> in the heterojunction. First-principles calculations revealed that all structures possess stability, with those doped at the W site mostly exhibiting metallic properties; whereas those doped at the Se site are all semiconductors, and for elements in the same period, Nb, Mo, and Tc doping reduced the bandgap from 0.4 eV to 0.32 eV–0.213 eV. The order of interlayer charge transfer in the heterojunction is Tc > Mo > V > Ta > Nb (W site) and Ta > Nb > Mo > V > Tc (Se site). The optical absorption coefficient in the visible light range can reach as high as 4.8 × 10<sup>5</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup> (Mo-doped Se). The main reason for these phenomena is that the doping of X has different filling effects on the CB and VB of the system, causing shifts in the <em>E</em><sub><em>f</em></sub> and atomic orbitals, thereby achieving regulation of the heterojunction properties. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of high-performance optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature self-lubrication capacities of CaF2/BaF2 reinforced CoCrFeNiV matrix composites CaF2/BaF2增强CoCrFeNiV基复合材料显微组织、力学性能及高温自润滑性能研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114516

Wenxiang Wang , Pengfei Qiu , Shengjie Ye , Xinghua Zhang , Muye Niu , Jun Cheng , Yunxia Guo , Qiuyuan Xie

{"title":"Investigation of microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature self-lubrication capacities of CaF2/BaF2 reinforced CoCrFeNiV matrix composites","authors":"Wenxiang Wang , Pengfei Qiu , Shengjie Ye , Xinghua Zhang , Muye Niu , Jun Cheng , Yunxia Guo , Qiuyuan Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the rapid degradation of traditional liquid lubricants under extreme service conditions, solid self-lubricating composites have emerged as promising candidates in engineering fields, owing to their ability to operate effectively at temperatures above 400 °C. In this work, a series of high-performance CoCrFeNiV-CaF<sub>2</sub>/BaF<sub>2</sub> solid-lubricating composites were synthesized by vacuum heating-press sintering techniques. The composites showed high hardness of 582.8 ± 8 HV, attributed to the presence of the σ-phase. Tribological tests showed that the BaF<sub>2</sub>/CaF<sub>2</sub> solid lubricant, along with oxide glazing layer on the sliding surface, significantly reduced friction and wear at 600 °C. At 800 °C, the V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> in the glazing layer enhanced lubrication, lowering the friction coefficient further. However, its brittle rod-like structure led to higher wear rates. These results indicate that CoCrFeNiV-CaF<sub>2</sub>/BaF<sub>2</sub> self-lubricating composites are excellent wear-resistant materials at medium temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of plasmonic multilayer stacks through control of magnetron sputtering deposition conditions 通过控制磁控溅射沉积条件优化等离子体多层堆叠

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114490

Louis Rassinfosse , Emile Haye , Michel Voué , Olivier Deparis , Stéphane Lucas

引用次数: 0

Study on the forming characteristics and molten pool behaviour of low vacuum swing laser welding of zirconium alloy 锆合金低真空摆动激光焊接成形特性及熔池行为研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114519

Lianfeng Wei , Xianhao Chen , Di Xie , Meng Jiang , Yong Zheng , Baobin Ma , Jianguo Yang , Xi Chen , Yinlong Wang , Lin Zhu , Fangyuan Liu , Xuehan Li , Ran Zhang , Peng He , Yanbin Chen

{"title":"Study on the forming characteristics and molten pool behaviour of low vacuum swing laser welding of zirconium alloy","authors":"Lianfeng Wei , Xianhao Chen , Di Xie , Meng Jiang , Yong Zheng , Baobin Ma , Jianguo Yang , Xi Chen , Yinlong Wang , Lin Zhu , Fangyuan Liu , Xuehan Li , Ran Zhang , Peng He , Yanbin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A study was conducted on the vacuum oscillating laser welding process and its mechanisms for zirconium alloy, in response to the need for developing new welding techniques for zirconium alloy cladding structural materials. Through metallographic inspection, X-ray detection, and high-speed imaging analysis, an in-depth examination of the weld formation and defects was carried out. Experimental results indicate that as the environmental pressure decreases, the plume phenomenon is effectively controlled, leading to a significant increase in weld penetration depth during vacuum laser welding of zirconium alloy. A comparative study of different oscillation parameters revealed that a circular oscillation trajectory produces the best weld formation. Furthermore, welding simulation studies uncovered the flow characteristics of the molten pool and the periodic variations of the keyhole in vacuum oscillating laser welding. The results show that after 0.25 s, the weld pool reaches a stable state. Within a single oscillation cycle, the keyhole depth reaches its maximum when the laser reaches the endpoint of the circular trajectory. Additionally, under the stirring effect of the laser, the molten pool exhibits a flow pattern consistent with the laser's movement direction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atomic-scale analysis of carbon behavior on Ru(0001), Ru(10–10), and stepped Ru(10–11) surfaces using DFT: Implications for EUV multilayer mirror performance 用DFT分析Ru（0001）、Ru（10-10）和阶梯Ru（10-11）表面上碳的原子尺度行为：对EUV多层反射镜性能的影响

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114514

Yu-Qi Chen , Zong-Biao Ye , Fang-Ling Yang , Hong-Rui Tian , Tao Gao , Fu-Jun Gou

{"title":"Atomic-scale analysis of carbon behavior on Ru(0001), Ru(10–10), and stepped Ru(10–11) surfaces using DFT: Implications for EUV multilayer mirror performance","authors":"Yu-Qi Chen , Zong-Biao Ye , Fang-Ling Yang , Hong-Rui Tian , Tao Gao , Fu-Jun Gou","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs density functional theory (DFT) to investigation elucidates crystallographic engineering principles governing carbon interaction dynamics across three representative ruthenium (Ru) surfaces: Ru(0001), Ru(10–10), and the stepped Ru(10–11) surfaces. Universally observed hollow-site adsorption preferences manifest site-specific hierarchy variations dictated by local coordination geometries, with covalent-metallic bonding hybridization driving substantial interfacial charge redistribution. These electronic structure variations induce crystallographic anisotropy in adsorption energetics, which fundamentally controls carbon transport mechanisms through surface-dependent kinetic regimes. Using the climbing image nudged elastic band (CI-NEB) method to analyze Ru surface crystallography provides insights into carbon dynamics: The stepped Ru(10–11) surface enables barrierless carbon penetration, but at the cost of structural vulnerability; the Ru(10–10) surface strikes a balance between cleanability and stability through selective kinetic bottlenecks; the Ru(0001) surface delays carbon penetration through cascaded barriers. This research provides an atomic-scale perspective on the challenges associated with removal of impurity carbon atoms from surfaces, offering theoretical insights for optimizing the design of ruthenium-based multilayer mirrors (MLMs) in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Process parameter optimization and corrosion properties of the AlCrTiV medium entropy alloy films AlCrTiV中熵合金膜工艺参数优化及腐蚀性能研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114517

Ying Liu , Zhaobing Cai , Juanjuan Hu , Lei Yan , Bingxu Wang , Le Gu

{"title":"Process parameter optimization and corrosion properties of the AlCrTiV medium entropy alloy films","authors":"Ying Liu , Zhaobing Cai , Juanjuan Hu , Lei Yan , Bingxu Wang , Le Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, based on an orthogonal experimental design, nine groups of the AlCrTiV medium-entropy alloy (MEA) films were prepared by vacuum magnetron sputtering under different deposition parameters (sputtering power, substrate temperature, and bias voltage), and the influence of deposition parameters on their corrosion property (in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution) was studied in detail. Through range analysis, we identified the optimal process parameters for achieving superior corrosion performance (sputtering power of 800 W, substrate temperature of 400 °C, bias voltage of 100 V). The research results indicate that the sputtering power has the greatest impact on the corrosion properties of the films. Specifically, corrosion resistance diminishes as power increases, with the optimal corrosion resistance observed at 800 W. After corrosion, the surfaces of the films are composed of the oxidized state and the unoxidized state of the metal, and the corrosion mechanism is pitting. The enrichment of Cr and O elements in the pitting pores may be related to the rupture and regeneration of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in the passivation film. The XPS results suggest that enhanced corrosion resistance correlates with a higher concentration of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in the dense passivation film.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasma power-dependent properties of Ga-S-Se films prepared by PECVD for photodetection applications PECVD制备的光探测用Ga-S-Se薄膜的等离子体功率依赖特性

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114513

Mikhail A. Kudryashov , Aleksey V. Nezhdanov , Yuliya P. Kudryashova , Aleksandr I. Mashin , Ruslan N. Kriukov , Diana G. Fukina , Maksim A. Vshivtsev , Vladimir M. Malyshev

{"title":"Plasma power-dependent properties of Ga-S-Se films prepared by PECVD for photodetection applications","authors":"Mikhail A. Kudryashov , Aleksey V. Nezhdanov , Yuliya P. Kudryashova , Aleksandr I. Mashin , Ruslan N. Kriukov , Diana G. Fukina , Maksim A. Vshivtsev , Vladimir M. Malyshev","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ga-S-Se films have been prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In this study, highly pure elemental gallium, sulphur and selenium with 99.9999 vol% purity were utilised as starting materials. A non-equilibrium low-temperature RF-plasma (40.68 MHz) at reduced pressure (0.1 Torr) was the initiator of chemical transformations. The effect of plasma discharge power on the properties of the deposited films was investigated. All samples exhibiting stoichiometry close to GaS<sub>1−x</sub>Se<sub>x</sub> c <em>x</em> ≈ 0.6. The results of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy indicate that the films are grown in a layered hexagonal structure with lattice parameters <em>a</em> = 3.68 Å и <em>c</em> = 15.77 Å. The surface of the prepared samples is found to be strongly dependent on the used plasma power. The analysis of the transmission spectra indicates that the energy of the indirect band gap decreases from 2.27 to 2.21 eV with increasing plasma discharge power. All samples showed clear photoluminescence peaks at 561–565 nm. Current-voltage characteristic, measured under both dark and illuminated conditions, demonstrate a pronounced photoresponse in Ga-S-Se films deposited at 50 and 70 W, which makes it possible to use such materials for the development of visible matrix photodetectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduction of iron oxide (alpha-Fe2O3) with a hydrogen rich plasma produced by an Electron Cyclotron Wave Resonance source 用电子回旋波共振源产生的富氢等离子体还原氧化铁（α - fe2o3）

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114508

Marko Sikirić , Patrick Choquet , Adrian-Marie Philippe , Nathalie Valle , Kathryn Hadler , Andjelika Bjelajac , Jean-Baptiste Chemin , Joris Kadok , Simon Bulou

{"title":"Reduction of iron oxide (alpha-Fe2O3) with a hydrogen rich plasma produced by an Electron Cyclotron Wave Resonance source","authors":"Marko Sikirić , Patrick Choquet , Adrian-Marie Philippe , Nathalie Valle , Kathryn Hadler , Andjelika Bjelajac , Jean-Baptiste Chemin , Joris Kadok , Simon Bulou","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To establish a permanent settlement on the Moon, it is essential to find solutions for producing oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) and water (H<sub>2</sub>O). One promising method is the in-situ production of H<sub>2</sub>O through the thermal reduction of lunar regolith containing iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). This study explores the use of Electron Cyclotron Wave Resonance (ECWR) plasma for reducing Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, comparing its energy efficiency to traditional hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) thermal reduction. Experiments were conducted using an H<sub>2</sub>/Ar plasma mixture on Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> thin films at varying substrate temperatures and treatment times. Characterization techniques revealed a multilayer structure forming during the reduction, with a rapid transition to metallic iron (Fe) on the surface after 15 min of treatment. An intermediate Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> layer developed with extended reduction time, resulting in a distinct three-layered structure. Controlled heating above 200 °C significantly accelerated the reduction process while maintaining the same mechanism. Energy efficiency calculations indicate that H<sub>2</sub>/Ar ECWR plasma can be up to six times more efficient than simple thermal reduction, highlighting its potential as an effective method for lunar oxygen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114508"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144491575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Highly sensitive ethylene glycol gas sensor based on SnO2/ZnO heterojunction composites 基于SnO2/ZnO异质结复合材料的高灵敏度乙二醇气体传感器

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114503

JunTang Dong , Te Duan , TingTing Shao , NingJuan Li , JiaKe Guo , Fuchun Zhang

{"title":"Highly sensitive ethylene glycol gas sensor based on SnO2/ZnO heterojunction composites","authors":"JunTang Dong , Te Duan , TingTing Shao , NingJuan Li , JiaKe Guo , Fuchun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ethylene glycol (EG), widely used in industry, poses severe health and environmental risks even at low concentrations, necessitating the development of highly sensitive gas sensors. Although ZnO and SnO<sub>2</sub> are promising semiconductor metal oxides for gas detection, their single-component limitations hinder optimal performance. This work focuses on SnO<sub>2</sub>-decorated ZnO nanosheets, where a heterojunction structure is constructed to overcome individual material drawbacks. The aim is to enhance EG detection performance through compositional tuning and interface engineering. SnO<sub>2</sub>/ZnO composites with varying SnO<sub>2</sub> contents were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method and systematically evaluated. The SnO<sub>2</sub>/ZnO-1 sample (1:1 M ratio) exhibited the best performance, achieving a response of 169.89 to 100 ppm EG at 240 °C, a detection limit as low as 158 ppb, high linearity (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99593), and strong repeatability and selectivity. Structural characterizations confirmed the successful formation of an n–n heterojunction and increased surface area and mesoporosity, enhancing gas adsorption and electron transfer. XPS revealed a higher proportion of adsorbed oxygen (30.21 %) in the composite versus pure ZnO (27.28 %), contributing to better reactivity. This research demonstrates that tailoring heterostructure interfaces and material morphology significantly improves gas sensing performance, offering a promising strategy for reliable and real-time EG detection in environmental and safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114503"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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