IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114535

Lvjun Zhou , Can Guo , An Li , Chen Yu , Chenlu Yan , Xiaochong Liang

{"title":"Synchronization effect through incorporation of trace elements (B and La) to enhance high-temperature oxidation performance of Ti6Al4V fabricated via additive manufacturing","authors":"Lvjun Zhou , Can Guo , An Li , Chen Yu , Chenlu Yan , Xiaochong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The superiority of additively manufactured titanium alloys on the preparation of exotic components makes it extensively applied to aero-engine applications. However, the most significant challenges of aero-engine titanium alloys are the prolonged exposure to high-temperature oxidation. Improving the high temperature oxidation performance is urgently required. This study explores the effect of 0.2 wt% B and 0.1 wt% La element co-doping on the microstructure of additively manufactured Ti6Al4V, and investigates its oxidation behavior and the stability of its mechanical properties after oxidation at high temperatures (600 °C–700 °C) for 96 h. The experimental results demonstrate the synergistic effect of the co-doping of the two elements: grain refinement reduced from 1.13 ± 0.26 μm to 0.51 ± 0.12 μm and high temperature oxidation performance was significantly enhanced. Moreover, the La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in the samples effectively prevents the grain extension at high temperatures for short durations and consequently stabilizes the mechanical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nb-N solid solution strengthening in (FeCoNiCuNb)Nx high-entropy alloy nitride films （FeCoNiCuNb）Nx高熵合金氮化膜中Nb-N固溶体强化

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114536

Yantao Li , Xianting Yang , Yefeng Zhou , Jun Liang , Yu Ni , Yurong Zhou , Deming Huang , Xin Jiang , Donglin Ma

{"title":"Nb-N solid solution strengthening in (FeCoNiCuNb)Nx high-entropy alloy nitride films","authors":"Yantao Li , Xianting Yang , Yefeng Zhou , Jun Liang , Yu Ni , Yurong Zhou , Deming Huang , Xin Jiang , Donglin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-entropy alloy films composed of 3d transition metals exhibit excellent plasticity, but their strength and wear resistance remain inferior to refractory-metal-based HEA systems. In this paper, a small amount of Nb atoms were introduced into the FeCoNiCu system, and (FeCoNiCuNb)N<sub>x</sub> high-entropy alloy nitride films (HENFs) were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering. The results show that N atoms combine with Nb and Nb-N is uniformly distributed in the film without segregation. With the introduction of N atoms, the film structure still maintains FCC structure, and the grains are refined, and the amorphous region at the grain interface is observed with the high-resolution image. Due to the solid solution strengthening effect, the hardness of the (FeCoNiCuNb)N<sub>x</sub> HENFs reaches a maximum of 9.48 GPa and the wear rate reaches a minimum of 1.01 × 10<sup>−6</sup> mm/N·m. Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectrum measurements revealed that all HENFs show good corrosion resistance comparable to the 304 stainless steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The Nb-N strengthened (FeCoNiCuNb)N<sub>x</sub> HENFs can effectively improve the wear resistance without loss of corrosion resistance, which provides a feasible method for the strengthening of 3d transition metals family high-entropy alloy films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crystallographic dependence of ultrafast laser induced crack generation in single-crystal sapphire 超高速激光诱导蓝宝石单晶裂纹产生的晶体学依赖性

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114528

Liu Tongwei, Tang Haoxing, Dong Xin, Yang Dingkun, Luo Zhiyong

{"title":"Crystallographic dependence of ultrafast laser induced crack generation in single-crystal sapphire","authors":"Liu Tongwei, Tang Haoxing, Dong Xin, Yang Dingkun, Luo Zhiyong","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crack generation is a bottleneck in the processing of sapphire crystals using ultrafast laser. This paper aims to investigate the influence of crystal orientation on the laser-induced crack generation in single-crystal sapphire at the atomic scale. A molecular dynamics model of sapphire crystal irradiated by ultrafast laser was constructed, and the influence of crystal orientation on atomic number density and pressure was analyzed. The results show that smaller interplanar spacing enhances the material's resistance to damage, resulting in a faster stabilization rate of atomic number density within the crystal. The relationship among stress wave propagation speed, interplanar spacing and the direction of crack initiation in sapphire crystals was explored. It was found that crystal orientations with lower stress wave propagation speeds are more prone to crack generation. Laser induced sapphire crystal crack generation experiments were conducted, and the results showed that cracks were most likely to occur along the (10-10) direction, followed by the (01-01) direction, and the (1–100) direction exhibited the least susceptibility when laser irradiation on the C-plane of sapphire crystals. The research of this article will provide theoretical and technological guidance for suppressing the generation of laser-induced cracks in sapphire crystals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gas-refractometry-based high resolution continuous measurements in a medium vacuum 介质真空中基于气体折射法的高分辨率连续测量

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114524

Dong Fan , Detian Li , Zhenhua Xi , Kun Liu , Wenjie Jia , Yongjun Cheng , Wenxi Zhang

{"title":"Gas-refractometry-based high resolution continuous measurements in a medium vacuum","authors":"Dong Fan , Detian Li , Zhenhua Xi , Kun Liu , Wenjie Jia , Yongjun Cheng , Wenxi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While an optical vacuum pressure standard (OVPS) using gas refractometry accurately offers a wide pressure measurement range, the measurement accuracy in the medium vacuum range is restricted by various factors. In this study, an optical vacuum pressure standard based on the refractive index measurement of gas in a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity was developed. The measurement pressures from OVPS and the capacitance diaphragm gauge (CDG) were compared in the medium vacuum range of 4 Pa∼130 Pa. The relative differences between the two measurements ranged from 0.01 % to 0.835 %, with reproducibility relative differences ranging from 0.0323 % to 1.19 %. These results were achieved using argon gas properties. Furthermore, a high-gain, low-noise frequency measurement system based on a rubidium atomic clock frequency reference was constructed to realize the accurate measurement of beat frequency, and the argon pressure resolution was verified to be less than 5 mPa. Finally, this paper also considered the factors influencing the uncertainty of medium vacuum measurements and proposed corresponding solutions. The uncertainty of the OVPS was evaluated to be [(31 mPa)<sup>2</sup>+(77 × 10<sup>−6</sup><em>p</em>)<sup>2</sup>]<sup>1/2</sup> (<em>k</em> = 2).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microplasma synthesized gold nanoparticle/TEMPO cellulose nanocomposites for potential SERS sensing applications 微等离子体合成金纳米颗粒/TEMPO纤维素纳米复合材料的潜在SERS传感应用

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114518

Jie Zhu , Zhenxing Wang , Ciaran Duffy , Zhehong Lu , Dan Sun

引用次数: 0

Transmission electron microscopy with in-situ ion irradiation: Facilities and community 原位离子辐照的透射电子显微镜：设施和社区

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114525

Khalid Hattar , Rishabh Kothari , Wei-Ying Chen , Mark R. Daymond , Santhana Eswara , Kevin G. Field , Aurélie Gentils , Abe Hiroaki , Lewys Jones , Arakawa Kazuto , Mitsutaka Miyamoto , Guang Ran , Tamaki Shibayama , Christopher M. Smyth , Gary S. Was , Jonathan A. Hinks

{"title":"Transmission electron microscopy with in-situ ion irradiation: Facilities and community","authors":"Khalid Hattar , Rishabh Kothari , Wei-Ying Chen , Mark R. Daymond , Santhana Eswara , Kevin G. Field , Aurélie Gentils , Abe Hiroaki , Lewys Jones , Arakawa Kazuto , Mitsutaka Miyamoto , Guang Ran , Tamaki Shibayama , Christopher M. Smyth , Gary S. Was , Jonathan A. Hinks","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whilst there is a clear scientific and technological need for the technical capabilities of transmission electron microscopes with in-situ ion irradiation, it also requires a collaborative community of international researchers to support such facilities in successfully meeting this demand. Instruments of this type serve to provide fundamental understanding of the mechanisms which drive changes in materials important to nuclear fission and fusion energy, the semiconductor industry, quantum information systems, space travel, astronomy, geology and many more applications. As these areas continue to evolve and the instrumentation possibilities expand, the capacity of in-situ ion irradiation facilities must also develop hand-in-hand with the user community to deliver an ever-greater diversity of high-fidelity extreme-environment experimentation. Future directions for the field, such as miniaturization from MEMS/microfluidic devices and advanced controls with ML-based analysis, continuously emerge to advance both the hardware and software which support the coupling of TEMs with ion beams. This review sets out to provide up-to-date insights into the community and advancement of current, and development of future, facilities which have the potential to further unlock access to the nanoscale exploration of coupled extreme environments crucial to many of the important science and engineering challenges we face today.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defect formation and irradiation response in Ti-5331 alloy under helium ion exposure 氦离子辐照下Ti-5331合金缺陷形成及辐照响应

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114526

Zhen Wu , Yunmei Shi , Qigui Yang , Zhian Song , Qianqian Wang , Rui Ma , Peng Zhang , Yu Chen , Zhihong Li , Runsheng Yu , Te Zhu , Mingpan Wan , Xingzhong Cao

{"title":"Defect formation and irradiation response in Ti-5331 alloy under helium ion exposure","authors":"Zhen Wu , Yunmei Shi , Qigui Yang , Zhian Song , Qianqian Wang , Rui Ma , Peng Zhang , Yu Chen , Zhihong Li , Runsheng Yu , Te Zhu , Mingpan Wan , Xingzhong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The radiation resistance of titanium alloys and their mechanical responses to irradiation-induced defects are still not fully understood, particularly among the materials being considered for advanced nuclear reactors. In this study, we combine experimental methods with first-principles calculations to explore the formation and evolution of helium bubbles in the Ti-5331 alloy (Ti-5Al-3V-3Zr-0.7Cr) subjected to helium ion irradiation across varying fluences and temperatures. Our findings reveal that vacancy-helium atom complexes (He<sub>m</sub>V<sub>n</sub>) form in the Ti-5331 alloy, which then evolve into helium bubbles. The size and distribution density of these bubbles correlate with both the irradiation fluences and the temperatures employed. Significantly, we quantitatively estimate the average number of helium atoms trapped within vacancy clusters for sub-nanometer bubbles observed at low irradiation fluences, using a combination of first-principles calculations and experimental data. Notably, we identify approximately 1–2 helium atoms trapped within clusters of 13 vacancy sites, representing the primary type of vacancy defects introduced by irradiation. Additionally, we discuss the significant irradiation hardening observed, primarily due to the strong interactions between larger helium bubbles and defect clusters. These findings provide crucial insights into the complex interplay among irradiation-induced vacancy defects, bubble formation, and the evolution of mechanical properties in titanium alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compact pulsed laser deposition system for in-situ polarized neutron reflectometry 用于原位偏振中子反射测量的紧凑脉冲激光沉积系统

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114521

Grigorii Kirichuk , Alexey Grunin , Artur Dolgoborodov , Pavel Prokopovich , Petr Shvets , Alexey Vorobiev , Anton Devishvilli , Alexandr Goikhman , Ksenia Maksimova

{"title":"Compact pulsed laser deposition system for in-situ polarized neutron reflectometry","authors":"Grigorii Kirichuk , Alexey Grunin , Artur Dolgoborodov , Pavel Prokopovich , Petr Shvets , Alexey Vorobiev , Anton Devishvilli , Alexandr Goikhman , Ksenia Maksimova","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of ferromagnet/heavy metal thin-film structures, such as CoFeB/Mo, with spin-orbit interaction requires advanced methods for their production and study. Polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR) provides unique insights into the evolution of magnetic properties, especially when applied <em>in-situ</em> during the growth process. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a versatile method for producing magnetic thin films, and combining PLD with <em>in-situ</em> PNR measurements offers new possibilities for their investigation.</div><div>In this work, we developed a compact vacuum chamber integrated into the neutron instrument, enabling step-by-step deposition and <em>in-situ</em> PNR measurements. A multilayer Mo/[CoFeB/Mo]<sub>12</sub> structure was grown, and neutron reflectivity curves measured after each cycle revealed the gradual evolution of sample properties. A weak magnetic field response suggested the potential formation of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) at CoFeB/Mo interfaces. Additionally, a single CoFeB film was annealed up to 450 °C, followed by the deposition of a ∼5 Å Mo layer. PNR measurements in magnetic fields of 0.01 T and 0.75 T showed a significant increase in in-plane magnetization, confirming PMA formation.</div><div>Thus, we demonstrate the first successful operation of a combined PLD and <em>in-situ</em> PNR system, showcasing its capabilities for characterizing single-layer CoFeB and multilayer CoFeB/Mo thin-film structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design method and working characteristics of a novel smooth rotor profile for twin-screw vacuum pumps 新型双螺杆真空泵转子光滑型线的设计方法及工作特性

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114523

Baifa An, Ruijie Hou, Jun Wang, Zixu Wang, Teng Li, Chu Wang, Lifan Xing, Jiejie Li, Changrun Chen, Zengli Wang

{"title":"Design method and working characteristics of a novel smooth rotor profile for twin-screw vacuum pumps","authors":"Baifa An, Ruijie Hou, Jun Wang, Zixu Wang, Teng Li, Chu Wang, Lifan Xing, Jiejie Li, Changrun Chen, Zengli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Screw rotors, as the core components of twin-screw vacuum pumps, significantly determine their operational efficiency. The conventional cycloid-involute screw rotor suffers from problems such as an excessively large central angle, while the double-cycloid screw rotor demonstrates inferior meshing performance. In this study, two new smooth cross-sectional profiles were generated based on the screw rotor meshing principle. A \"curve-plane-solid\" methodology was developed for rotor generation. The geometric properties of two novel types of screw rotors were comprehensively analyzed, and compared with those of conventional cycloid-involute screw rotors and double-cycloid screw rotors. The leakage characteristics of elliptical-arc screw rotors and double-cycloid screw rotors were investigated by numerical simulation, and their performance was compared by experiments. It is found that the elliptical-arc screw rotors feature a smaller leakage volume. The simulation results were experimentally verified. The ultimate pressure of the elliptical-arc screw rotors can reach 0.9 Pa based on the novel rotor generation method. Therefore, the new type of smooth screw rotors dramatically improves the pump geometric performance, and effectively alleviates the adverse effects of the working process. The finding of present study can provide support for the application development of screw vacuum pumps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 114523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gold cluster decorated nanoporous network of nickel oxide for energy storage application 金簇修饰氧化镍纳米孔网络的储能应用

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114522

Sneha R. Bhosale , Rakhee R. Bhosale , Vithoba L. Patil , Asiya M. Tamboli , Mohaseen S. Tamboli , Rushikesh P. Dhavale , Sanjay S. Kolekar , Prashant V. Anbhule

引用次数: 0

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