IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114450

Pengyuan Zou , Lixi Tian , Shanling Wang , Chenshan Wu , Rui Zhou

引用次数: 0

Study on recycling of ZM6 rare-earth magnesium alloy scrap by vacuum sublimation gasification 真空升华气化法回收ZM6稀土镁合金废料的研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114446

Lipeng Wang , Meng Wang , Dong Liang , Yang Tian , Bin Yang , Baoqiang Xu , Wenlong Jiang , Fei Wang

{"title":"Study on recycling of ZM6 rare-earth magnesium alloy scrap by vacuum sublimation gasification","authors":"Lipeng Wang , Meng Wang , Dong Liang , Yang Tian , Bin Yang , Baoqiang Xu , Wenlong Jiang , Fei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium (Mg) alloys have great potential for lightweight use and are widely applied in automotive industry. Rare earth magnesium (RE-Mg) alloys, enhanced with rare earth (RE) elements, and their superior properties enable their expanded application in key aerospace components. However, the stringent requirements in aerospace applications lead to lower production yields, inevitably generating a significant amount of RE-containing Mg alloy scrap. Traditional recycling methods risk environmental harm and loss of valuable RE elements. This study proposes a vacuum sublimation gasification process for recycling Mg and neodymium (Nd) from ZM6 RE magnesium alloy. Through thermodynamic analysis, the feasibility of separating and recycling Mg and Nd was evaluated, along with its separation capacity, and the content and behavior of elements in the gas phase were predicted. Experimental results confirm that vacuum sublimation gasification is thermodynamically viable. Under optimal gasification conditions—pressure of 10 Pa, gasification temperature of 750 °C, and holding time of 120 min—recycled Mg with a purity of 99.936 wt% and Nd with a purity of 83.84 wt% were obtained. This research provides novel ideas and guidance for enhancing the sustainable circulation of Mg and maximizing the utilization of RE resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114446"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An ultra-sensitive triethylamine sensor based on WO3 modified ErVO4 nanoparticles 基于WO3修饰ErVO4纳米颗粒的超灵敏三乙胺传感器

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114440

Yuxiang Zhao, Shijie Lu, Minyuan Lv, Jinye Liu, Yue Chen, Yijia Wang, Hui Zhou, Xiaoxuan Che, Baozhong Kang, Qianqian Zhang

{"title":"An ultra-sensitive triethylamine sensor based on WO3 modified ErVO4 nanoparticles","authors":"Yuxiang Zhao, Shijie Lu, Minyuan Lv, Jinye Liu, Yue Chen, Yijia Wang, Hui Zhou, Xiaoxuan Che, Baozhong Kang, Qianqian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ErVO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> composites, which exhibit superior selectivity towards triethylamine, were synthesized through a combination of electrospinning and a straightforward hydrothermal method. In comparison with traditional gas sensors, the optimal operating temperature of this sensor is significantly decreased; it is merely 200 °C. When contrasted with the ErVO<sub>4</sub> sensor, the ErVO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> sensor manifested a substantial improvement in key performance indicators, such as gas - sensing response, detection limit, stability, and desorption time. At the optimal temperature of 200 °C, the ErVO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> composite displayed a response of 15.79 to triethylamine gas at a concentration of 100 ppm. More significantly, while the stability of this sensor has been considerably enhanced, its desorption time has been shortened by 32 s as compared to that of the pure ErVO<sub>4</sub> sensor. The marked reduction in the recovery time endows it with extremely broad application prospects within the realm of industrial applications. X - ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–VIS ab-sorption spectra, ultraviolet photo-electron spectroscopy (UPS), and X - ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were utilized to examine the microstructure and elemental composition. The results indicated that the composite formulation of ErVO<sub>4</sub> and WO<sub>3</sub> represents an effective approach to enhancing the sensing performance of triethylamine. This composite demonstrated significant potential for the fabrication of triethylamine sensors characterized by high sensitivity, robust stability, and a low detection limit. This work provides a crucial reference and research direction for the advancement of sensor technology in relevant fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laser-driven shock wave dynamics in aluminum target 激光驱动铝靶的激波动力学

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114403

Ahmad Raza , Zia Ur Rehman , Sultan Mahmood , Saad abdullah Makhdoom , Sajjad Tahir , Hamza Qayyum , Shakir Ullah

{"title":"Laser-driven shock wave dynamics in aluminum target","authors":"Ahmad Raza , Zia Ur Rehman , Sultan Mahmood , Saad abdullah Makhdoom , Sajjad Tahir , Hamza Qayyum , Shakir Ullah","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the dynamics of plasma and shock wave generated during nanosecond laser ablation of the aluminum target over a broad range of laser fluence (15-700 J/cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>). The optical probe beam deflection apparatus coupled with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is applied to track and elucidate the evolution of laser-induced plasma and shock waves. Our findings reveal a rapid increase in shock wave velocity and pressure with increasing fluence, reaching a maximum of 4 km/s and 100 MPa at 350 J/cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, followed by saturation at higher fluences. These findings align well with the CJ detonation velocity model and Fabbero’s model for laser ablation dynamics. The study also highlights the rapid decay of shock wave’s velocity and pressure in the near-field region, adhering to the Sadowski and blast wave model and approaching typical acoustic waves within a few mm of the target surface. Plasma temperature and electron density peaked at 350 J/cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, confirming the effect of the reflection of the trailing laser pulse by the induced plasma. Our study revealed a direct relationship between SW pressure and ablated mass, resulting in a constant mass-specific shock wave pressure that increases linearly with laser fluence and remains constant beyond 350 J/cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis also uncovered a significant decrease in the electron number density and plasma temperature with time, following a power-law relationship. These insights enhance understanding of the underlying physics of laser-induced shock wave, paving the way for material processing and micromachining applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlation between electrical and structural changes in amorphous ITO films 非晶ITO薄膜中电学和结构变化的相关性

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114441

Seonghoon Han , Yeongjun Son , Sehwan Song , Jisung Lee , Jong-Seong Bae , Anh Tuan Thanh Pham , Thang Bach Phan , Jeong Hwan Kim , Jong Mok Ok , Dooyong Lee , Sungkyun Park

{"title":"Correlation between electrical and structural changes in amorphous ITO films","authors":"Seonghoon Han , Yeongjun Son , Sehwan Song , Jisung Lee , Jong-Seong Bae , Anh Tuan Thanh Pham , Thang Bach Phan , Jeong Hwan Kim , Jong Mok Ok , Dooyong Lee , Sungkyun Park","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the temperature-dependent resistance, structural properties, and chemical state of amorphous ITO film during annealing under vacuum using <em>in-situ</em> analyses. <em>In-situ</em> resistance measurement revealed a sharp increase in resistance, reaching a maximum at approximately 180 °C and decreasing with a further increase in annealing temperature. <em>In-situ</em> X-ray diffraction confirmed the onset of crystallization of the amorphous ITO film at the temperature where the resistivity increased sharply. From the <em>in-situ</em> XPS analysis, we found no change in chemical states, such as oxygen vacancy or the formation of Sn<sup>4+</sup>. In the Hall effect measurement, we confirmed a significant decrease in mobility at the ITO film annealed in vacuum at 175 °C. This indicates the grain boundaries formed by the crystallization of ITO increase the electron scattering, causing a sharp increase in resistance at 180 °C. Our findings suggest that structural changes primarily drove the change in electrical properties of amorphous ITO during annealing. This study highlights the importance of real-time monitoring in understanding the dynamic change in ITO film and provides a comprehensive understanding of the structural and electrical transitions during crystallization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Salt-assisted promotion of large dimensional growth of Bi2O2Se 盐辅助促进Bi2O2Se的大尺寸生长

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114426

Pingfan Ning , Xiangyu Li , Feifei Lan , Xuerong Li , Yingmin Wang , Hongjuan Cheng , Yujian Wang

引用次数: 0

Controlled increase of indium content in IZO thin films used as window layer in solar cells 太阳能电池窗层用IZO薄膜中铟含量的可控增长

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114425

A. Cristina Carranza , E. Camacho-Espinosa , R. Mis-Fernández , M.A. Zambrano-Serrano , E. Rosendo-Andrés , E. Flores

{"title":"Controlled increase of indium content in IZO thin films used as window layer in solar cells","authors":"A. Cristina Carranza , E. Camacho-Espinosa , R. Mis-Fernández , M.A. Zambrano-Serrano , E. Rosendo-Andrés , E. Flores","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This investigation introduces an innovative technique termed Shavings Reactive Magnetron Sputtering (SRMS) for the synthesis of indium-doped zinc oxide (IZO) thin films. The technique enables flexible and precise control of the indium content by varying the number of metallic In shavings placed on a pure Zn target. SRMS is a low-cost, scalable approach that allows room-temperature deposition while preserving target purity. A series of IZO films with increasing indium concentrations were deposited and systematically characterized to assess the influence of doping on their structural, morphological, optical, and chemical properties. The results show that indium incorporation induces a progressive structural transition and modifies both the optical bandgap and surface morphology. In particular, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy revealed a gradual loss of the wurtzite structure and the emergence of amorphous features with higher In content. A representative IZO film was implemented as a window layer in a fully sputtered CdTe solar cell with the configuration glass/AZO/IZO/CdTe/Cu–Mo. The device exhibited a clear photovoltaic response, as confirmed by J–V and EQE measurements, demonstrating the potential of IZO films deposited by SRMS as a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional window layers in thin-film solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic regulation of oxygen and nitrogen in V-Al master alloy for aerospace Ti alloys 航空钛合金用钒铝中间合金中氧、氮的协同调节

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114408

Yonggang Wang , Xuanwu Zhang , Jiating Man , Qiyang Chen , Jianying Yang , Kui Wang , Wei Ni

{"title":"Synergistic regulation of oxygen and nitrogen in V-Al master alloy for aerospace Ti alloys","authors":"Yonggang Wang , Xuanwu Zhang , Jiating Man , Qiyang Chen , Jianying Yang , Kui Wang , Wei Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vanadium and its alloys, including the widely known vanadium-aluminum (V-Al) alloy, are among the most promising materials for high-performance structural and functional applications. The structure and performance of V-Al alloys are significantly influenced by impurity elements. This study systematically analyzed the occurrence forms of oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) impurities in V-Al alloys and investigated their sources. A synergistic regulation approach (“aluminothermy + electric heating + vacuum refining”) was implemented in industrial-scale production to control the impurity levels of O and N in the alloy, leading to the development of optimized methods for impurity control. The results reveal that the oxygen in V-Al alloys predominantly exists in the form of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, while nitrogen is primarily found as VN. Via tuning the CaO content in the slag and further vacuum refining as well as controlling the microscopic inclusion phases, the O and N content in the alloy can be effectively regulated. These findings provide valuable insights for the industrial production and optimization of V-Al alloys, particularly for high-end applications in the aerospace and biomedical sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tantalum electrodeposition using a nanoporous anodic alumina template and a nanostructured gold/nickel-chromium glass-ceramic substrate 钽电沉积采用纳米多孔阳极氧化铝模板和纳米结构金/镍铬玻璃陶瓷衬底

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114438

Helena Simunkova , Eva Kolibalova , Lukas Kalina , Tomáš Lednický , Petr Bábor , Jaromir Hubalek

{"title":"Tantalum electrodeposition using a nanoporous anodic alumina template and a nanostructured gold/nickel-chromium glass-ceramic substrate","authors":"Helena Simunkova , Eva Kolibalova , Lukas Kalina , Tomáš Lednický , Petr Bábor , Jaromir Hubalek","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrodeposition and analysis of tantalum (Ta) nanotube arrays prepared from an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoro-methylsulfonyl) imide (BMP[Tf<sub>2</sub>N]), using a porous anodic alumina (PAA) template are newly presented. Free-standing and spatially separated tantalum nanotube arrays were achieved after selective etching of the PAA. The high-rate electrodeposition of the nanotube arrays took only 10 s and achieved approximately 70 atomic percent Ta metal. Superficial X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supplemented by an argon ion etching and depth profiling has proven the presence of tantalum metal. Additionally, tantalum electrodeposition was attempted using a sputter-deposited gold coating on a planar glass-ceramic substrate as the working electrode. Pores emerged within the sputter-deposited gold layer as a side result of the Ta electrodeposition step. Nano-to submicrometer large pores were created due to a foreign element penetration into the gold and etching effect of fluorides contained in the ionic liquid solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of LiCoO2 thin films grown under relatively low substrate temperature for all solid state lithium ion battery applications 全固态锂离子电池在较低衬底温度下生长LiCoO2薄膜的研究

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114439

Polatkan Ozcan , Nazlican Esen , Ayten Cantas , Lutfi Ozyuzer , Mehtap Ozdemir , Kamil Kosiel , Anna Szerling , Gulnur Aygun

{"title":"Investigation of LiCoO2 thin films grown under relatively low substrate temperature for all solid state lithium ion battery applications","authors":"Polatkan Ozcan , Nazlican Esen , Ayten Cantas , Lutfi Ozyuzer , Mehtap Ozdemir , Kamil Kosiel , Anna Szerling , Gulnur Aygun","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the effect of substrate temperature on the surface, structural and chemical properties of LiCoO<sub>2</sub> (LCO) thin films deposited via magnetron sputtering. LCO thin films were grown for the purpose of being a cathode layer for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs). Achieving crystalline LCO films at low substrate temperatures is advantageous for integration with flexible and temperature-sensitive substrates as well as minimizing energy consumption, which is highly important for industrial applications. In this work, LCO thin films were deposited on titanium-coated soda lime glass (SLG/Ti) at the substrate temperature ranging from room to 350 °C. Structural characterizations by XRD analyses confirmed that LCO thin films have (104) crystal orientation, which is critical for efficient lithium-ion transportation. SEM, Raman, and XPS analyses were used for further chemical and structural characterizations of grown LCO thin films. These analyses showed that LCO thin film grown at relatively low substrate temperature of 250 °C is a better growth condition when compared to others. Crystallization orientation (104) of LCO thin films is highly important for the potential usage of ASSLIBs technologies without any need of elevated temperatures. Moreover, results support the low-temperature adaption processes for applications like wearable electronics, offering safer and more sustainable solutions for future energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 114439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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