IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115054

Yunpeng Wang , Junjie Gui , Lidan Wang , Yunpeng Xu , Can Wang , Xue Zhang , Qixin Zhuang , Zisheng Su , Yaoming Xiao

{"title":"Space-confined growth and silicon oxide film protection of tin grid electrodes for large-area and stable perovskite solar cells","authors":"Yunpeng Wang , Junjie Gui , Lidan Wang , Yunpeng Xu , Can Wang , Xue Zhang , Qixin Zhuang , Zisheng Su , Yaoming Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high resistance of large-area conductive glass substrate is an important factor limiting the fill factor (FF) improvement of large-area perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we electrochemically deposit a low-resistance tin (Sn) grid electrode on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate by laser etching and space-constrained growth (Scg) methods, and then in situ prepare a silicon oxide (SiO<sub>X</sub>) protective film on the Sn grid electrode by using tetraethyl orthosilicate to receive FTO-Sn<sub>Scg</sub>-SiO<sub>X</sub> electrode. The laser etching method can obtain any electrode pattern we want. Scg method can control the thickness of Sn grid electrode, which influences the subsequent film preparations. SiO<sub>X</sub> can protect Sn grid electrode and avoid the direct contact between Sn grid electrode and the perovskite. As a result, 1.00 cm<sup>2</sup> PSC based on FTO-Sn<sub>Scg</sub>-SiO<sub>X</sub> achieves the optimum efficiency of 24.38 % with the highest FF of 82.13 %, and maintains 92.01 % of its original efficiency after 1500 h. These methods can also be extended to a large-area PSC module with an active area of 60.54 cm<sup>2</sup> and an optimized PCE of 21.24 %. The combined strategy presented in this paper is conducive to further improving the efficiency and area of PSCs, thereby accelerating the industrialization of large-area PSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possibilities of controlling the formation of borides in the titanium surface layers by pulsed electron beam processing 脉冲电子束处理控制钛表层硼化物形成的可能性

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115061

Evgeniy Yakovlev, Mikhail Slobodyan, Andrey Solovyev, Evgeniy Pesterev, Vsevolod Petrov, Alexey Markov

{"title":"Possibilities of controlling the formation of borides in the titanium surface layers by pulsed electron beam processing","authors":"Evgeniy Yakovlev, Mikhail Slobodyan, Andrey Solovyev, Evgeniy Pesterev, Vsevolod Petrov, Alexey Markov","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, composite coatings reinforced with boride particles were synthesized on titanium substrates. In this way, both LaB<sub>6</sub> and Ti thin films were deposited alternatively with subsequent low-energy high-current electron beam (LEHCEB) processing in a single vacuum cycle. The film thicknesses were selected so that the boron and titanium contents were close to the composition of the TiB<sub>2</sub> compound. Upon LEHCEB processing, the effect of energy densities on the microstructures, both chemical and phase compositions, as well as wear resistance of the coatings was considered. It was found that they could comprise mixtures of predominantly TiB<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles distributed in the submicrocrystalline titanium matrix at an energy density of 3.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. In this case, wear resistance of the coating significantly exceeded those of the titanium substrate. Increasing the energy density up to 4.5 and 5.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup> promoted additional melting of the substrates and dilution of the molten films with titanium from them, reducing the proportions of boron in the coatings. These changes in their chemical compositions led to variations in the observed phases. In addition, the excessive heat input caused the formation of surface discontinuities, deteriorating wear resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atomic-scale characterization of flux pinning defects in YBCO films YBCO薄膜熔剂钉钉缺陷的原子尺度表征

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115070

Song Hu , Tingting Yao , Xinwei Wang , Yidan Fan , Xianfeng Wu , Beibei Qiao , Xuexi Yan , Yixiao Jiang , Kepeng Song , Chunlin Chen

{"title":"Atomic-scale characterization of flux pinning defects in YBCO films","authors":"Song Hu , Tingting Yao , Xinwei Wang , Yidan Fan , Xianfeng Wu , Beibei Qiao , Xuexi Yan , Yixiao Jiang , Kepeng Song , Chunlin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>YBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>7-δ</sub> (YBCO) thin films have attracted considerable attention due to their remarkable superconducting properties, which include a high superconducting critical temperature (Tc) and elevated critical current density. The introduction of defects in YBCO has been shown to effectively pin flux vortices, thereby enhancing the critical current density under magnetic field conditions. In this study, the microstructure of YBCO thin films was examined through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Atomic-resolution TEM imaging and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) elemental mapping were employed to elucidate the atomic structure, elemental distribution, and strain fields associated with defects in YBCO, including dislocations, stacking faults, and anti-phase boundaries. These defects may disrupt the formation of Cooper pairs and lead to a reduction in local T<sub>c</sub> by altering the local coordination environment of the CuO<sub>2</sub> planes. This research provides new insights into defect engineering within YBCO thin films and establishes a foundation for enhancing the performance of superconducting materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115070"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of Fe3O4/AC/SiO2 magnetic nanocomposite and application as a high performance, non-toxic, and cost-efficient nanocatalyst for removal of methylene blue dye from water Fe3O4/AC/SiO2磁性纳米复合材料的合成及其在水中去除亚甲基蓝染料中的应用

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115057

Elham Molahosseini , Hakimeh Zare , Mehdi Molaei , Farzad Farahmandzadeh

{"title":"Synthesis of Fe3O4/AC/SiO2 magnetic nanocomposite and application as a high performance, non-toxic, and cost-efficient nanocatalyst for removal of methylene blue dye from water","authors":"Elham Molahosseini , Hakimeh Zare , Mehdi Molaei , Farzad Farahmandzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, non-toxic, recyclable, and cost-efficient Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/activated carbon (AC)/SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposites were synthesized by a rapid and simple method based on an ultrasonic probe. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, BET, FT-IR, FESEM, TEM, zeta potential, and XRD analyses. The successful formation of the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/AC/SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite structure was confirmed by FT-IR and XRD results. FESEM and TEM images showed that spherical Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized on the microporous AC substrate. Zeta potential analysis revealed a significant negative surface charge of −50.9 mV, while BET analysis showed a high specific surface area of 359.4 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Moreover, VSM results indicated a saturation magnetization of 28.8 emu/g, confirming the magnetic recyclability of the prepared nanocatalyst. Radical scavenger results demonstrated that surface electrons played a key role in the degradation process of methylene blue dye. The dark catalytic activity of the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/AC/SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocatalyst resulted in the complete degradation of 10 ppm methylene blue within 1 min. Based on these results, the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/AC/SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite can be considered a high-performance, non-toxic, recyclable, and cost-efficient nanocatalyst for the rapid degradation of methylene blue in water and wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular dynamics simulation of nanoindentation in Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystals Al-Pd-Mn准晶体纳米压痕的分子动力学模拟

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115029

Yuan Tian , Junhong Guo , Qian Wang , Pingji He

{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulation of nanoindentation in Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystals","authors":"Yuan Tian , Junhong Guo , Qian Wang , Pingji He","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By using the molecular dynamics method, the nanoindentation of Al-Pd-Mn quasicrystals (QCs) is investigated. The mechanical properties of Al-Pd-Mn QCs such as hardness and elastic modulus obtained in this work are in good agreement with our first-principles and the previous experimental results. The effects of indentation depth, temperature, indentation rate and indenter radius on the load-depth curve, deformation, crystal structure, atomic strain and mechanical properties are also analyzed during the nanoindentation process. The results indicate that the elastic recovery rate of <em>ξ</em>-Al<sub>57</sub>Pd<sub>16</sub>Mn<sub>3</sub> decreases nonlinearly and tends to stabilize with increasing indentation depth. The indentation surface morphology displays a fourfold symmetry about the indentation shape. Furthermore, the hardness always decreases with increasing indentation radius, while it always increases with increasing indentation rate, which exhibits the size effect and the rate strengthening effect. The present results could serve as an important guide for the investigation of mechanical characteristics of QCs with coupled thermodynamic and kinetic effects at the nanoscale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115029"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxygen vacancies-rich CuO-In2O3/InOOH sensor for fast CO sensing 富氧空位的CuO-In2O3/InOOH传感器，用于快速CO传感

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115040

Lin Liu , Jinbo Zhao , Zhidong Jin , Shiqiang Li , Fei Liu , Zhihong Lv , Jiurong Liu , Lili Wu

引用次数: 0

Theoretical investigation on thermoelectric properties of layered LiCuS: Mechanism of antibonding-state-induced anharmonicity and the role of four-phonon scattering 层状LiCuS热电特性的理论研究：反键态诱导的非谐波机理和四声子散射的作用

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115082

Jin Tao , Mingyao Xiong , Dan Huang

{"title":"Theoretical investigation on thermoelectric properties of layered LiCuS: Mechanism of antibonding-state-induced anharmonicity and the role of four-phonon scattering","authors":"Jin Tao , Mingyao Xiong , Dan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory, this study systematically investigates the thermoelectric performance of the layered compound LiCuS. By analyzing atomic displacement parameters, crystal orbital Hamilton populations, and potential energy distributions, the underlying mechanisms governing its lattice thermal conductivity are elucidated. The calculation results indicate that the lattice thermal conductivity (<em>κ</em><sub>L</sub>) of LiCuS exhibits a significant reduction when four-phonon (4ph) scattering is included, compared to the case considering only three-phonon (3ph) scattering. At 300 K, the <em>κ</em><sub>L</sub> along the <em>a</em>(<em>b</em>) and <em>c</em> axis are determined to be 1.603 and 0.654 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. At 900 K, the optimal <em>ZT</em> values for <em>p</em>-type and <em>n</em>-doped LiCuS reach 1.18 and 0.53. The results demonstrate that the layered LiCuS compound, benefiting from its unique crystal structure and phonon transport characteristics, is a highly promising thermoelectric material for medium to high temperature applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coating technology and performance evaluation of batch-produced NEG films for the HALF storage ring vacuum chambers 半储存环真空室批量生产NEG膜的涂膜工艺及性能评价

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115073

Xiaopeng Xu , Xinyu Jin , Tao Guo , Xuesong Zhou , Chuntai Gao , Wenjing Ma , Jinghua Wang , Le Fan , Sihui Wang

{"title":"Coating technology and performance evaluation of batch-produced NEG films for the HALF storage ring vacuum chambers","authors":"Xiaopeng Xu , Xinyu Jin , Tao Guo , Xuesong Zhou , Chuntai Gao , Wenjing Ma , Jinghua Wang , Le Fan , Sihui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-evaporable getter (NEG) films are essential for achieving and maintaining ultra-high vacuum in fourth-generation light sources, such as the Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF), where their performance directly impacts beam quality and stability. With the ongoing construction of the HALF, depositing high-quality NEG films has become a decisive factor for the overall vacuum performance. In this study, Ti-Zr-V NEG films were deposited onto the inner walls of pipelines with various configurations employing direct current pulsed magnetron sputtering technology. The deposition system and challenges encountered during the process are described in detail. The vacuum performance and pumping capacity of the films were tested, while the microstructure and thickness were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that the deposition system operated stably and reliably, with no instances of incomplete film deposition or process interruptions. Repeated SEM analyses of the samples confirmed the consistency and uniformity of the film's morphology and composition. All coated pipelines achieved an ultimate vacuum below 2 × 10<sup>−8</sup> Pa following sputter ion pump isolation, with the initial sticking probability for CO above 0.05 and adsorption capacities exceeding 1 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mbar L/cm<sup>2</sup>. These results provide a solid technical foundation for the forthcoming large-scale deposition of NEG films in HALF vacuum systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115073"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced adhesive wear resistance of TiB2 coating sliding against titanium alloy grinding balls by low-concentration Si doping 低浓度Si掺杂提高TiB2涂层与钛合金磨球滑动的黏着磨损性能

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115032

Lijun Xian , Lin Li , Hongyuan Fan , Haibo Zhao , Zhongguang Yu , Jibo Zhang , Rong Pu , Yingzhi Luo , Ruoyu Wang , Guang Xian

{"title":"Enhanced adhesive wear resistance of TiB2 coating sliding against titanium alloy grinding balls by low-concentration Si doping","authors":"Lijun Xian , Lin Li , Hongyuan Fan , Haibo Zhao , Zhongguang Yu , Jibo Zhang , Rong Pu , Yingzhi Luo , Ruoyu Wang , Guang Xian","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Si-doped TiB<sub>2</sub> and undoped TiB<sub>2</sub> coatings were deposited by mid-frequency magnetron sputtering. The effects of Si doping concentration (1.8 at.% and 8.9 at.%) on the microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological performance of TiB<sub>2</sub> coating were investigated. The results showed that the undoped TiB<sub>2</sub> coating exhibited a hexagonal TiB<sub>2</sub> structure with (001) plane as the preferred orientation, a hardness of up to 51.2 ± 3 GPa. The TiB<sub>2</sub> coating with low-concentration (1.8 at.%) Si doping exhibited high hardness of 46.7 ± 1.98 GPa and high fracture toughness. However, when the Si concentration increased to 8.9 at.%, the hardness of the coating decreased due to the increase of amorphous phase, and the fracture toughness of the coating decreased due to the presence of free Si. SiO<sub>2</sub> tribofilms formed during the friction process reduced the interfacial adhesion between the 1.8 at.% Si-doped TiB<sub>2</sub> coating and the titanium alloy grinding ball. The low-concentration (1.8 at.%) Si-doped TiB<sub>2</sub> coating with the highest <em>H</em>/<em>E</em> (0.144) and <em>H</em><sup><em>3</em></sup><em>/E</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> ratios (0.97) exhibited the best adhesive wear resistance at 600 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115032"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145792013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nondestructive determination of carbon in BeO ceramics by radioactivation with nanosecond proton and deuteron bunches collectively accelerated in a portable Luce diode 在便携式卢斯二极管中以纳秒质子和氘核束集体加速放射法无损测定BeO陶瓷中的碳

IF 3.9 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115017

V.A. Ryzhkov, P. Glumac, M.V. Zhuravlev, G.E. Remnev

{"title":"Nondestructive determination of carbon in BeO ceramics by radioactivation with nanosecond proton and deuteron bunches collectively accelerated in a portable Luce diode","authors":"V.A. Ryzhkov, P. Glumac, M.V. Zhuravlev, G.E. Remnev","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.115017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanosecond proton and deuteron bunches collectively accelerated in a portable Luce diode were used for non-destructive radioactivation determination of carbon impurities in ceramic BeO plates using a pair of the <sup>12</sup>C(p,γ)<sup>13</sup>N and <sup>12</sup>C(d,n)<sup>13</sup>N nuclear reactions. The <sup>13</sup>N activity induced in the irradiated samples was measured with a Ge detector at the peak of 511 keV annihilation γ-quanta after irradiation of each sample. The 457 keV resonance of the (p,γ) reaction is most sensitive at a depth of 2–5 μm with a detection limit of carbon up to 0.02 wt%, while the (d,n) reaction is most sensitive on the surface of samples, which together makes it possible to estimate the contribution of surface contamination with carbon to the result of carbon determination by the first reaction and to model the possible distribution of carbon in the near-surface layer of any solids. Our analysis showed that at an estimated depth of 0.1–10 μm, the BeO ceramics contained 0.31 wt% carbon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 115017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145792283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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