Vacuum最新文献_第10页

Spatially resolved lattice characterization using a scanning helium microscope

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114163

M. Bergin , C.J. Hatchwell , M.G. Barr, A. Fahy, P.C. Dastoor

{"title":"Spatially resolved lattice characterization using a scanning helium microscope","authors":"M. Bergin , C.J. Hatchwell , M.G. Barr, A. Fahy, P.C. Dastoor","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scanning helium microscope (SHeM) uses low energy helium atoms (<span><math><mi>E</mi></math></span> <span><math><mo><</mo></math></span>100meV, <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span>0.05 nm) to collect surface sensitive images of samples. Recent work has focused on in-situ measurements of the scattering distribution from a spatially resolved region to determine material properties such as local lattice features through atomic diffraction. To date, these measurements have been restricted to in-plane scans. Here we present instrumentation for the in-situ collection of two dimensional helium scattering distributions in a SHeM. The detection stage was manufactured using UHV compatible 3D printing and then manipulated using in-vacuum stages to measure the distributions. To demonstrate the capabilities of the instrument, several diffraction patterns from a LiF crystal were collected. These diffraction patterns have then been used to both determine the thermal attenuation of the specular peak, as well as a benchmark for comparison to current helium-surface interaction potentials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Laser powder bed fusion of nano-titania modified AlSi10Mg alloy: Mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114202

Peng Qi , Deyang Liu , Guanglong Ren , Zihan Zhao , Zhichao Wang , Zhichao Dong , Lijuan Zhang

{"title":"Laser powder bed fusion of nano-titania modified AlSi10Mg alloy: Mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms","authors":"Peng Qi , Deyang Liu , Guanglong Ren , Zihan Zhao , Zhichao Wang , Zhichao Dong , Lijuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) prepared Al matrix alloy is usually hindered by severe coarse column grains and insufficient mechanical properties. This work introduced nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> particles as a novel grain refiner and reinforced phase to control such phenomena in the LPBF-fabricated (LPBF-ed) AlSi10Mg alloy. The addition of TiO<sub>2</sub> was optimized to achieve the reinforcement of AlSi10Mg alloy. Results show that adding nano-TiO<sub>2</sub> particles can decrease the average grain size and consequently eliminate the pores in nano-TiO<sub>2</sub>/AlSi10Mg alloy, and the combination of in-situ formed L1<sub>2</sub>-Al<sub>3</sub>Ti, TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and Al matrix is quite tight. The LPBF-ed TiO<sub>2</sub>/AlSi10Mg alloy has demonstrated a remarkable improvement in mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 482 MPa and ductility of 14 %, surpassing most previously reported LPBF-ed AlSi10Mg with the addition of second phases. The cooperative effects of pores elimination, grain refinement, pinning effect, and precipitation strengthening of nanophase are considered to be responsible for their excellent mechanical properties, making the LPBF-ed TiO<sub>2</sub>/AlSi10Mg alloy a potential standout in its application field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance of a low-power ablative Z-pinch pulsed plasma thruster with PTFE-Cu propellant under alternative cathode configurations

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114184

Jiqin Wang , Jiping Ding , Weizong Wang , Peixu Liu , Guangchuan Zhang , Haibin Tang

{"title":"Performance of a low-power ablative Z-pinch pulsed plasma thruster with PTFE-Cu propellant under alternative cathode configurations","authors":"Jiqin Wang , Jiping Ding , Weizong Wang , Peixu Liu , Guangchuan Zhang , Haibin Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With a unique front-back coaxial configuration, ablative Z-pinch pulsed plasma thruster (AZPPT) possesses the advantages of a high thrust to power ratio at low power and a simple structure which make itself suitable for small and Nano satellites applications. However, the specific impulse of AZPPT is relatively low, limiting its further application expansion. Therefore, a performance study on a low-power AZPPT adopting a novel alternative propellant of PTFE impregnated with Cu was conducted. The impulse bit, ablation mass, and discharge characteristics of the thruster are obtained and compared under different conditions of Cu fractions in PTFE-Cu propellant, cathode orifice diameters and nozzle configurations. Experiments show that the specific impulse of PTFE-5%Cu is 24 % higher than that of pure PTFE. Triple Langmuir probe indicates that such improvement is caused by the effectively increased ionization rate of ablated propellant and weakened late-time ablation effect. The results also show that the cathode with larger orifice reduces the impulse bit, but increases the specific impulse and effectively reduces the plume divergence angle. Moreover, nozzle configuration hardly affects the ablation characteristics, but shows a significant influence on the impulse bit by converging the plasma plume. The specific impulse with a divergent nozzle can reach 629.5 s at the discharge energy of 5 J, which is 14.89 % higher than that without a nozzle. These detailed insights for the first time clear the influence of impregnated propellant and cathode configuration on the low-power AZPPT, providing new ideas for the performance optimization of AZPPT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of temperature on the mechanical properties and anisotropy of C-plane sapphire: Insights from indentation tests and MD simulations

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114187

Dehui Liu , Yunze Qi , Junyun Chen , Kejin Li

{"title":"Effect of temperature on the mechanical properties and anisotropy of C-plane sapphire: Insights from indentation tests and MD simulations","authors":"Dehui Liu , Yunze Qi , Junyun Chen , Kejin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sapphire, known for its exceptional properties, is widely used in various applications requiring superior surface quality and precise geometry. However, sapphire's inherent hardness, brittleness and anisotropy pose significant challenges during machining. To address these issues, the impact of temperatures on mechanical properties and anisotropy of C-plane sapphire was studied to enhance its processability. MD simulations were employed to unravel the underlying mechanisms of material microstructure changes at various temperatures. Additionally, Berkovich and Vickers indentation tests were performed at 25 °C and elevated temperatures (up to 1000 °C) to evaluate the anisotropy of brittle fracture and hardness. Results revealed increasing temperature led to a significant reduction in sapphire's hardness, brittle fracture and anisotropy. MD simulations showed dislocation proliferation was the primary driver of hardness reduction below 600 °C, while above this temperature, the abundance of amorphous atoms predominated. The formation of amorphous atoms and face-centered cubic structures disrupted the original crystal lattice, contributing to a reduction in anisotropy. Importantly, the hardness difference between different indenter orientations diminished with increasing temperature, stabilizing at minimal levels beyond 600 °C. This study recommends a temperature of 600 °C for laser-assisted processing or surface modification of sapphire to effectively mitigate its hardness, brittleness, and anisotropy, thereby improving its processability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic current-sharing of parallel vacuum multi-breakers in large-capacity generator circuit breakers

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114130

Xiangyu Han , Fei Yang , Hongbin Chen , Chenle Zhai , Yili Chen , Jinru Sun , Weiping Guan , Mingzhe Rong

{"title":"Dynamic current-sharing of parallel vacuum multi-breakers in large-capacity generator circuit breakers","authors":"Xiangyu Han , Fei Yang , Hongbin Chen , Chenle Zhai , Yili Chen , Jinru Sun , Weiping Guan , Mingzhe Rong","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-capacity generator circuit breaker (GCB) is the key power equipment of the power system, and its short-circuit current is far beyond the breaking capacity of a single vacuum interrupter(VI). Multiple VIs need to be connected in parallel. However, there is a lack of research on the dynamic current-sharing of vacuum multi-breakers in parallel. Firstly, focusing on the volt-ampere characteristics of the vacuum arc, the arcing experiments were carried out based on a detachable vacuum chamber, and the arc morphology was photographed simultaneously by a high-speed camera. The volt-ampere characteristics curve of the vacuum arc shows the shape of the number \"7″, and according to the geometric features, the arcing process was divided into three stages. The impacts of arc morphology and current on the volt-ampere characteristics in different arcing stages were analyzed. In addition, we found that the voltage of the vacuum arc had uncertainty, and the influence mechanisms of the arcing process and current on the arc voltage uncertainty were revealed. Afterward, the dynamic current-sharing was analyzed in detail. According to the arc starting characteristics of each branch, the stages of current-sharing were divided, and the law of current transfer in different stages was revealed. Further, the effects of arc-starting synchronicity and current level on the dynamic current-sharing were investigated, and the optimal arc-starting strategy was proposed. Finally, a prototype of the large-capacity GCB was proposed. The current-sharing experiments were carried out with peak currents of 116 kA and 564 kA, and better current-sharing effects were successfully achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal preparation of AlN thin films on sapphire substrate and its effective validation in SAW resonators

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114182

Hongliang Zu , Minghao Liu , Zhiwei Li , Tiejun Li , Haisheng San

{"title":"Optimal preparation of AlN thin films on sapphire substrate and its effective validation in SAW resonators","authors":"Hongliang Zu , Minghao Liu , Zhiwei Li , Tiejun Li , Haisheng San","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preparation of AlN films on sapphire substrates has been well-investigated, but efforts to achieve high-quality films are still ongoing. This study focuses on the growth of high-quality <em>C</em>-axis oriented AlN films on sapphire substrates using RF reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The influences of the gas ratio, substrate temperature, RF power, annealing atmosphere, and cooling rate on AlN films' surface morphology and crystal quality were investigated, and the optimal preparing parameters were determined. The experimental results indicate that the AlN films grown on the sapphire substrate are highly <em>C</em>-axis oriented single crystal with excellent crystal quality. The full width at half maximum of the XRD rocking curve of AlN (002) and (102) is 0.056° and 0.088°, respectively, and the surface roughness was measured to be 1.89 nm. Furthermore, SAW resonators based on AlN films on sapphire substrate were fabricated for assessing the quality and performance of prepared AlN. The SAW resonator based on AlN/sapphire demonstrated a return loss of −25.3 dB at the resonant frequency of 729 MHz. The SAW velocity was calculated to be 5249 m/s, which was very close to the theoretical value. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the preparation processes for AlN grown on sapphire substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis and hydrolysis mechanism of calcium sulfide for H2S production from gypsum waste

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114185

Fan Du , Ying Zhu , Sisi Chen , Yuwen Deng , Fei Wang , Kai Li , Lei Shi , Xin Sun

{"title":"Synthesis and hydrolysis mechanism of calcium sulfide for H2S production from gypsum waste","authors":"Fan Du , Ying Zhu , Sisi Chen , Yuwen Deng , Fei Wang , Kai Li , Lei Shi , Xin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The copper smelting industry generates significant gypsum waste, primarily composed of calcium sulfate (CaSO<sub>4</sub>), which can be utilized as a sulfur source for hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) production. This study explores an optimized process for H<sub>2</sub>S generation via hydrolysis of calcium sulfide (CaS), produced by vacuum carbothermal reduction of gypsum. The results show that: 1) CaSO<sub>4</sub> is reduced to CaS under vacuum carbothermal conditions, and subsequent hydrolysis efficiently produces H<sub>2</sub>S; 2) key parameters, including reduction temperature, carbon content, and recovery time, significantly influence CaS yield; 3) under optimized conditions (hydrolysis temperature, reaction time, and solid-liquid ratio), H<sub>2</sub>S concentrations exceeded 8000 ppm, and high-purity H<sub>2</sub>S gas was achieved, meeting industrial requirements for further processing. Thermodynamic analysis and characterization of reaction intermediates provided insights into the underlying mechanisms, highlighting the critical role of temperature and phase composition in optimizing H<sub>2</sub>S production. Kinetic analysis further clarified that the hydrolysis process follows a diffusion-controlled mechanism, with the temperature dependence of the reaction rate constant (<em>k</em>) aligning with the Arrhenius equation. This optimized approach offers a sustainable pathway for utilizing gypsum from copper smelting, contributing to sulfur resource recovery, waste reduction, and high-purity H<sub>2</sub>S production for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on the dynamic compressive properties of Cu-Co-W alloys with different Co contents

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114183

Zengye Ning , Xiuqing Li , Qingxia Yang , Shizhong Wei , Jingkun Liang , Tianyao Guo , Jie Wu , Xinyu Zhang , Haiyang Pei , Liangdong Chen , Huijie Liu , Dan Jia , Longwei Zhou

{"title":"Research on the dynamic compressive properties of Cu-Co-W alloys with different Co contents","authors":"Zengye Ning , Xiuqing Li , Qingxia Yang , Shizhong Wei , Jingkun Liang , Tianyao Guo , Jie Wu , Xinyu Zhang , Haiyang Pei , Liangdong Chen , Huijie Liu , Dan Jia , Longwei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within this paper, Cu-Co-W alloys with distinct Co concentrations were synthesized through mechanical alloying in conjunction with vacuum spark plasma sintering (SPS). The microstructural features, grain size parameters, and orientation characteristics of the alloy samples were analyzed via field-emission electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The dynamic compressive properties of the alloys were tested by means of a Hopkinson pressure bar device. The phase composition, grain boundaries and geometrically necessary dislocation density of the dynamically compressed specimens were analyzed via EBSD. The research results show that during the sintering process, atomic diffusion occurs among Co and W, as well as W and Cu, generating solid solutions, namely Co<sub>0.9</sub>W<sub>0.1</sub> and Cu<sub>0.4</sub>W<sub>0.6</sub>. Adding Co to Cu-W alloy can improve its density and refine the matrix grains. Meanwhile, the addition of Co can effectively improve the dynamic compression performance of Cu-W alloy. When the Co addition amount is 2 at%, an optimal balance of strengthening effects within different compression rate ranges can be achieved. The relevant mechanisms have also been studied and revealed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a plasma system based on gridless ion acceleration for deposition of aluminum oxide coatings

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114177

I.V. Lopatin, Yu.H. Akhmadeev, N.N. Koval, E.A. Petrikova

{"title":"Development of a plasma system based on gridless ion acceleration for deposition of aluminum oxide coatings","authors":"I.V. Lopatin, Yu.H. Akhmadeev, N.N. Koval, E.A. Petrikova","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An electrode scheme containing two low-temperature plasma-physical devices was developed and implemented. The gas and a metal-containing plasma generating in this system are divided. The low-temperature plasma generation in the discharge with the external electrons injection through a double electrostatic layer, without overlapping of the output emission window with a plasma-limiting grid is producing in the system. It was shown that a change in the arc current with the cathode spot does not cause significant changes in the thermionic cathode discharge operation, while the thermionic cathode discharge operation conditions and the accelerating voltage significantly affect the main characteristics of the system operation. The measured concentration of gas-metal discharge plasma with the external electrons injection may exceed 3 × 10<sup>18</sup> m<sup>−3</sup> in the volume of ∼ 1 × 10<sup>−3</sup> m<sup>3</sup>. The energy and current density of ions accelerated in the developed plasma system were studied, the possibility of ion flux forming with particle energy of tens of eV and current density of up to 100 A/m<sup>2</sup> without overlapping the emission window with a plasma-limiting grid was shown. The possibility of <em>α</em>-alumina containing coatings forming was demonstrated in test deposition experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The interfacial reaction process and phase formation mechanism between the nickel-based superalloy and the SiO2 crucible during vacuum induction melting 真空感应熔炼过程中镍基超合金与二氧化硅坩埚之间的界面反应过程和相形成机制

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114178

Jinhong Zhang , Jun Wang , Haoxue Yang , Liting Liu , Guodong Zhang , Fasong Cheng , Jinshan Li

{"title":"The interfacial reaction process and phase formation mechanism between the nickel-based superalloy and the SiO2 crucible during vacuum induction melting","authors":"Jinhong Zhang , Jun Wang , Haoxue Yang , Liting Liu , Guodong Zhang , Fasong Cheng , Jinshan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated the interfacial reactions between Ni-based superalloys and SiO<sub>2</sub> crucibles during vacuum induction melting. Through thermodynamic and kinetic analyses of the interfacial reactions, the underlying mechanisms of the interactions at the superalloy/SiO<sub>2</sub> interface are elucidated. The interfacial reactions are facilitated by elemental diffusion at the interface. The Al atoms in the alloy preferentially diffuse to the interface, where they react with O atoms diffusing from the crucible to form Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The initially formed Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> serves as heterogeneous nucleation sites for TiC. Consequently, a continuous and uniform Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer, along with a discontinuous TiC layer, formed at the superalloy/SiO<sub>2</sub> interface. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed the orientation relationship between the TiC and the superalloy matrix as <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>[</mo><mrow><mn>0</mn><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>]</mo></mrow><mtext>TiC</mtext></msub><mo>/</mo><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mo>[</mo><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>‾</mo></mover><mn>12</mn></mrow><mo>]</mo></mrow><mi>γ</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, indicating that the TiC precipitates from the alloy matrix. A simplified two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the interfacial reaction layer thickness data reveals that within the temperature range slightly above the melting point of the superalloy, the melting time is the primary factor that significantly affects the thickness of the interfacial reaction layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0