IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114215

Matlab N. Mirzayev , Mehdi Nasrabadi , Nguyen Tiep , Ogtay Samedov , Elahe Moslemi-Mehni , Samir Samadov

引用次数: 0

Study on grid system performance of 10 cm ECRIT applied in ABEP

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114209

Hao Mou, Juan Yang, Yuxuan Wang, Lingfeng Luo, Xinqi Zhou

{"title":"Study on grid system performance of 10 cm ECRIT applied in ABEP","authors":"Hao Mou, Juan Yang, Yuxuan Wang, Lingfeng Luo, Xinqi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 10 cm Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Thruster (ECRIT) has potential for application in the air-breathing electric propulsion (ABEP) system. Nitrogen is the main component of the orbital atmosphere, and the ion distribution in the discharge chamber of the ECRIT using nitrogen is non-uniform. Using the hybrid PIC-fluid method, this study simulates the transport of non-uniform nitrogen ions in the grid system. The ion density at the upstream boundary of the computational domain is set based on plasma density diagnostics, considering the non-uniform ion distribution. Comparison of simulation and experimental results shows consistency in both qualitative and quantitative aspects. The distribution of grid system performance parameters indicates that the intercepted current of the screen grid is proportional to upstream plasma density, while that of the accelerator grid is inversely proportional. Ion bombardment mainly causes erosion on the upstream and hole surfaces of the accelerator grid, while screen grid erosion is negligible. Reducing the screen grid aperture in high plasma density regions and increasing it in other regions helps improve beam flatness and reduces the erosion rate on both upstream and downstream surfaces of the accelerator grid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineering oxygen vacancies in scaffold for enhanced photodynamic antibacterial efficacy

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114151

Fangwei Qi , Tailai Ye , Xiuwen Gao , Xiong Shuai , Shuping Peng , Yujun Wei , Cijun Shuai

{"title":"Engineering oxygen vacancies in scaffold for enhanced photodynamic antibacterial efficacy","authors":"Fangwei Qi , Tailai Ye , Xiuwen Gao , Xiong Shuai , Shuping Peng , Yujun Wei , Cijun Shuai","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bismuth oxide (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) displayed tremendous application prospects in the field of photodynamic antibacterial due to its favorable biocompatibility and high chemical stability. Notwithstanding, its antibacterial efficacy was constrained by the rapid electron-hole recombination and limited near-infrared absorption. Herein, oxygen vacancies-rich Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles were synthetized by sulfur-doping, and then introduced into a poly-l-lactide scaffold fabricated by laser additive manufacturing. On the one hand, the oxygen vacancies could serve as the electron capture center to promote the electron-hole separation. On the other hand, the localized electrons at the oxygen vacancies could adjust the energy band structure of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and thus expand the optical absorption to near-infrared region. Photoelectrochemical results presented that with the introduction of oxygen vacancies, the Nyquist curve radius was significantly decreased and the photocurrent increased about fivefold, demonstrating the enhanced electron-hole separation efficiency. As a result, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the scaffold was remarkably boosted under near-infrared irradiation. Besides, the scaffold also exhibited favorable photothermal performance. With the synergistic effect of ROS and photothermal, the scaffold effectively killed bacteria by destroying bacterial membrane structure, triggering protein leakage and consuming glutathione. Finally, the scaffold exhibited antibacterial rates of 98.6 % and 98.2 % against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced efficiency of CsPbBrxI3-x pure-red light-emitting diodes by embedding a benzylphosphonic acid modified layer

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114206

Yan Zhang , Jianing Wang , Zihao Lu , Fei Yang , Yuan Yang , Jingya Wu , Yabing Sun , Zhengjie Xu , Xianwen Wang , Fang Wang

{"title":"Enhanced efficiency of CsPbBrxI3-x pure-red light-emitting diodes by embedding a benzylphosphonic acid modified layer","authors":"Yan Zhang , Jianing Wang , Zihao Lu , Fei Yang , Yuan Yang , Jingya Wu , Yabing Sun , Zhengjie Xu , Xianwen Wang , Fang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Halogen vacancy defects and long-chain insulating ligands within CsPbX<sub>3</sub> (X = Cl, Br and I) quantum dots (QDs) are key factors that restrict the performance of QD light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). This paper uses benzylphosphonic acid (BPA) as an interface layer to stabilize the phase structure of CsPbBr<sub><em>x</em></sub>I<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub> QDs and optimize the optoelectronic properties to achieve comprehensive improvement of QLED performance. The results showed that when CsPbBr<sub><em>x</em></sub>I<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub> QD was spin-coated on the BPA layer, the phosphonate groups of BPA stabilized the intrinsic phase structure by binding with the uncoordinated Pb<sup>2+</sup> in the QD film, passivated defects, and partially replaced the oleic acid ligands to improve the conductivity of CsPbBr<sub><em>x</em></sub>I<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub> QD film. The fluorescence intensity, fluorescence lifetime and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of CsPbBr<sub><em>x</em></sub>I<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub> QD film after introducing the BPA layer have been effectively improved. And the maximum brightness (L<sub>max</sub>) of CsPbBr<sub><em>x</em></sub>I<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub> QLEDs, following BPA modification, increased from 301 cd/m<sup>2</sup> to 675 cd/m<sup>2</sup>. Additionally, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) rose from 1.1 % to 8.0 %. This study confirms that phosphonic acid-based organic ligands can modify CsPbBr<sub><em>x</em></sub>I<sub>3-<em>x</em></sub> QDs through interface passivation. Compared with traditional QD optimization methods, it is simpler and more efficient, which is helpful for the industrial production of QLEDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous optimization of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of LMD-processed 316L austenitic stainless steel by adding Ti nanoparticles in a simulated environment for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114205

Dong Wang , Jianfei Zhang , Shaohua Zhang , Yinghui Wei , Lifeng Hou , Pengpeng Wu , Yuezhong Zhang , Jie Zhang , Baosheng Liu

{"title":"Simultaneous optimization of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of LMD-processed 316L austenitic stainless steel by adding Ti nanoparticles in a simulated environment for proton exchange membrane fuel cells","authors":"Dong Wang , Jianfei Zhang , Shaohua Zhang , Yinghui Wei , Lifeng Hou , Pengpeng Wu , Yuezhong Zhang , Jie Zhang , Baosheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The microstructure, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the laser melting deposition (LMD)-processed 316L austenitic stainless steel with varying Ti contents in the environment of proton exchange membrane fuel cells were investigated. The results show that the addition of titanium nanoparticles significantly contributes to grain refinement, increases the number of low Σ coincidence site lattice (CSL) grain boundaries, and improves dislocation density. Together, the improvement of microstructures significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of the LMD-processed 316L ASS. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of LMD-processed 316L ASS can only be improved by an appropriate amount of Ti (0.5 wt%), with the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation being 450 MPa, 678.39 MPa and 62.25 %, respectively. The reasons can be summarized as follows. The fine grain structure can increase the grain boundary and increase the resistance of the dislocation movement, and thus improving the strength of the material. In addition, the difference of strains between fine crystalline grains and grain boundaries in the vicinity is small, which can bear large deformation before fracture. However, an excessive amount of α′-martensite phase negatively impacts the mechanical characteristics of the material when the Ti nanoparticles content reaches 1.0 wt%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupling operation characterization of the Hall micro thruster with a thermal emission cathode with a grid

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114152

Shixu Lu , Liexiao Dong , Ning Guo , Luxiang Xu , Linxiao Cong , Jian Wang , Shengtao Liang , Jianfei Long

{"title":"Coupling operation characterization of the Hall micro thruster with a thermal emission cathode with a grid","authors":"Shixu Lu , Liexiao Dong , Ning Guo , Luxiang Xu , Linxiao Cong , Jian Wang , Shengtao Liang , Jianfei Long","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coupled operation characteristics of micro-electric thrusters and cathodes are significant research topics. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on the coupled operation of micro-electric thrusters and micro-cathodes, particularly those operating at currents below ten milliamperes. Therefore, this research presents a watt-class Hall micro thruster (HMT) and a thermal emission cathode with a grid (TECG) to investigate the coupling operation characteristics. This research demonstrates the results of the coupling potential, plasma parameters, and thrust performance of the propulsion system under diode and triode modes and indicates that the comprehensive operation characteristics of the HMT become better under the triode mode. Notably, the cathode floating and space plasma potential are significantly reduced as the grid voltage increases. However, ionization and thrust performance vary non-monotonically with grid voltage, exhibiting an inflection voltage and reaching their maximum near this inflection voltage. We analyzed the anomalous variation behavior after completing the experiments and validation work. The analysis results suggest that this behavior may be related to the unique magnetic flux lines distribution within the near-emitter region due to the special topological relation between TECG and HMT. We also provide what we believe to be the optimal grid voltages for various operating environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling the elastic properties of bcc iron in Earth’s core by quantum statistical physics

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114116

Tran Dinh Cuong , Anh D. Phan

引用次数: 0

Hydrogen adsorption mechanism on non-evaporable getter ternary alloy Ti-V-Nb surface

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114203

Alvin Kambondo , Jie Wang , Kaan Yigit , Qingyu Si , Yanyang Qin , Yaqiong Su , Runxia Zhang , Huaying Wu , Chenyu Liang , Sheng Wang

{"title":"Hydrogen adsorption mechanism on non-evaporable getter ternary alloy Ti-V-Nb surface","authors":"Alvin Kambondo , Jie Wang , Kaan Yigit , Qingyu Si , Yanyang Qin , Yaqiong Su , Runxia Zhang , Huaying Wu , Chenyu Liang , Sheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non evaporable getter coatings are essential for achieving ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and extremely high vacuum (XHV) conditions in high-energy particle accelerators, with hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) being a major residual gas of concern. This research uses Density Functional Theory (DFT) to investigate the adsorption of H<sub>2</sub> molecules on the Ti-V-Nb (110) surface, maintaining a 1:1:1 elemental ratio of Ti-V-Nb. The analysis prioritizes adsorption sites based on factors such as adsorption energy, H-H bond length, and charge redistribution. The results show that hydrogen molecules preferentially adsorb at the Hollow site > Bridge site > Top site, with corresponding variations in adsorption energies and bond lengths. The partial density of states (PDOS) calculations reveals significant hybridization between the H<sub>2</sub> molecule and the Ti-V-Nb (110) surface at each adsorption site, confirming the formation of strong chemical bonds. Mulliken charge population analysis results highlight significant charge redistribution upon adsorption, indicative of chemisorption phenomena. Bond population analysis confirms covalent bonding between H atoms and surface metals. The H-H bond length indicates nondissociation at the V top site (0.97Å) and dissociation at the Ti-V bridge (2.28 Å) and Ti-V-Nb hollow (2.73 Å) sites. Electron density difference calculations further confirm the activation mechanism of H<sub>2</sub> molecules on the Ti-V-Nb (110) surface by showing the accumulation and depletion of charges on H<sub>2</sub> at the selected sites. These insights contribute to understanding the hydrogen adsorption mechanism on Ti-V-Nb surfaces, which can enhance the efficiency of NEG coatings for achieving UHV and XHV conditions in high-energy particle accelerators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis and characterization of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for selective recognition of tocotrienols

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114189

Fitri Yuliani , Syiffa Fauzia , Asep Saefumillah , Andreas Andreas , Dewangga Oky Bagus Apriandanu , Aminah Umar

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for selective recognition of tocotrienols","authors":"Fitri Yuliani , Syiffa Fauzia , Asep Saefumillah , Andreas Andreas , Dewangga Oky Bagus Apriandanu , Aminah Umar","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examined the application of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) for the recognition of tocotrienol. Batch adsorption experiments optimized contact time (2 h) and initial concentration (200 ppm). A magnetic non-imprinted polymer (MNIP) served as a control. The adsorption kinetics conformed to a pseudo-second-order model, and the Langmuir isotherm characterized the adsorption process. A positive Temkin isotherm constant indicated exothermic adsorption. Selectivity studies revealed a higher imprinting factor for MMIP, demonstrating preferential tocotrienol adsorption over tocopherol. Higher KD values and selectivity coefficients for tocotrienol confirmed this selectivity. The MMIP exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining approximately 94 % desorption efficiency over multiple cycles. Analysis of tocotrienols in crude and packaged palm oil showed significantly higher adsorption capacities for MMIP (0.0638 and 0.0329, respectively) compared to MNIP (0.0006 and 0.0001, respectively). These results highlight the potential of MMIP for selective tocotrienol separation and purification from natural sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 114189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sm-doped P2-type layered oxide with spherical secondary hierarchy as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries 作为钠离子电池阴极材料的具有球形二次分层结构的掺钐 P2- 型层状氧化物

IF 3.8 2区材料科学

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114186

Shaojun Shi, Panye Jin, Zhixiong Huang, Jialei Kou, Hongmei Ji, Wenyu Yin, Xiaoyan Tang, Han Mao

{"title":"Sm-doped P2-type layered oxide with spherical secondary hierarchy as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Shaojun Shi, Panye Jin, Zhixiong Huang, Jialei Kou, Hongmei Ji, Wenyu Yin, Xiaoyan Tang, Han Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the development of sodium ion battery which is considered as the alternative of lithium ion battery, better performance is required. However, its poor structure stability and rate capability due to the Jahn–Teller distortion of Mn<sup>3+</sup> and poor charge transfer between transition metal and oxygen-ion limit its application. Here, Sm-doped P2-type layered oxide Na<sub>0.67</sub>Li<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.62</sub>Fe<sub>0.18</sub>Cu<sub>0.09</sub>Sm<sub>0.01</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with spherical secondary hierarchy was obtained through microwave-assisted method. Pure P2-shaped layered oxide is obtained. And the tiny shift of the diffraction spectrum indicates the effect of doping. The electrochemical performance of the doped oxide improves obviously. Even at a high current density of 1.0A g<sup>−1</sup>, the capacity is still as high as 60.3 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, much higher than that of undoped one. The cycle stability is also improved. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Distribution of relaxation times (DRT) are taken to further study the mechanism. It reveals that the doped samarium not only serves as the pillar to stable the structure of the layered oxide, but also makes faster charge transfer between transition metal ions and oxide ions due to the Multielectron structure of samarium. Thus, such Sm-doping strategy may offer a solution toward the application bottleneck of layered oxides for sodium-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23559,"journal":{"name":"Vacuum","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 114186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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