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A microglial circadian clock sculpts synapses during neurodevelopment. 在神经发育过程中，小胶质生物钟雕刻突触。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.09.002
Annemarie J Carver, Nicole R Zürcher, Evan A Bordt
{"title":"A microglial circadian clock sculpts synapses during neurodevelopment.","authors":"Annemarie J Carver, Nicole R Zürcher, Evan A Bordt","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.09.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2026.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a recent study, Routh and colleagues demonstrated that the circadian clock regulates microglia-directed synaptic refinement during a critical period of neurodevelopment in mice, in a sex-dependent manner. Loss of the major circadian rhythm regulator, Bmal1, in microglia induced a proinflammatory state and excessive pruning of synapses, primarily in adolescent male mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13639259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When minds become data: brain-computer interfaces and the future of mental privacy. 当思想变成数据：脑机接口和精神隐私的未来。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.09.003
Kiley Seymour, Marcello Ienca, Roger Koenig-Robert
{"title":"When minds become data: brain-computer interfaces and the future of mental privacy.","authors":"Kiley Seymour, Marcello Ienca, Roger Koenig-Robert","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.09.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2026.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid advancement of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), particularly adaptive closed-loop systems, presents unprecedented opportunities for medical intervention and human augmentation. At the same time, the growing adoption of applications outside clinical settings also poses significant risks to mental privacy. In this article, we review the current state of neural decoding advancements and their projected trajectory to assess what current and foreseeable technologies can reveal about mental states and the implications for mental privacy. Drawing on a neuroscientific perspective, we clarify the scope and limits of emerging mental privacy risks and argue for a shift in responsibility from reactive regulation to proactive, privacy-embedded design.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Striatum regulates the cortex via the basal forebrain cholinergic system: A role for substance P. 纹状体通过基底前脑胆碱能系统调控皮层：P物质的作用。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.06.007
Heinz Steiner
{"title":"Striatum regulates the cortex via the basal forebrain cholinergic system: A role for substance P.","authors":"Heinz Steiner","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Basal ganglia-cortical interactions are critical for goal-directed behavior. Sun et al. recently demonstrated a novel mechanism by which the striatum may impact the cortex via basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. These neurons are activated by D1 dopamine receptor-regulated striatal output through substance P release, which may increase arousal and attention and modulate other functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"703-705"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13335092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development sculpts dense neural circuits to enhance memory capacity. 发展塑造密集的神经回路以增强记忆能力。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.008
Talia Ulmer, Flavio Donato
{"title":"Development sculpts dense neural circuits to enhance memory capacity.","authors":"Talia Ulmer, Flavio Donato","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hippocampal CA3 network supports associative memory through recurrent connectivity. Vargas-Barroso and colleagues have recently shown that the circuit develops from a dense network in which synapses exert strong influence into a sparse and structured architecture that requires convergent input for neuronal activation. Thus, during development, the hippocampus proceeds through distinct computational regimes that collectively expand its memory capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"706-708"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond Bayesian integration: how meaning shapes placebo effects. 超越贝叶斯整合：意义如何塑造安慰剂效应。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.005
Katja Wiech, Falk Eippert, Karin Jensen, Lene Vase, Ulrike Bingel
{"title":"Beyond Bayesian integration: how meaning shapes placebo effects.","authors":"Katja Wiech, Falk Eippert, Karin Jensen, Lene Vase, Ulrike Bingel","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Placebo effects illustrate how strongly expectations can shape symptom perception and treatment outcomes. Contemporary Bayesian accounts have provided valuable insights by formalising how expectations are integrated with sensory information. However, such accounts can struggle to explain why treatment expectations persist despite disconfirming evidence and why placebo responses vary widely across individuals. We argue that placebo effects arise from richer inferential processes in which the individual aims to make sense of their observations through inferred explanatory states that are shaped by their motivational preferences and guide the interpretation of treatment effects. Combining Bayesian principles with latent-state inference and higher-level beliefs provides a more comprehensive account of placebo effects and highlights new opportunities for neuroscience and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"709-719"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fronto-striatal molecular convergence in eating and obsessive-compulsive disorders. 进食和强迫症的额纹状体分子收敛。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.001
Jill R Glausier
{"title":"Fronto-striatal molecular convergence in eating and obsessive-compulsive disorders.","authors":"Jill R Glausier","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The shared features of compulsivity in eating disorders (EDs) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may reflect common molecular pathogenic processes. In a recent study, Breen et al. used postmortem human brain tissue to investigate fronto-striatal transcriptomic alterations in ED and OCD, identifying systems-level molecular convergence centered on neuronal energetics and synaptic signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"701-702"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Translation elongation in the nervous system. 神经系统的翻译延伸。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.004
Alexander R Mikesell, Anne E Willis, Sarah Loerch, Zachary T Campbell
{"title":"Translation elongation in the nervous system.","authors":"Alexander R Mikesell, Anne E Willis, Sarah Loerch, Zachary T Campbell","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein synthesis is a highly energy-dependent process that consists of initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling. Historically, initiation has been viewed as the major site of translation regulation. However, growing recognition of elongation as a regulatory node has highlighted the importance of eukaryotic elongation factor (eEF)1A-dependent decoding, eEF2-catalyzed ribosome translocation, conditional elongation factors, ribosome speed, and tRNA dynamics. In neurons, these mechanisms are especially important because protein synthesis must be regulated across highly polarized cellular compartments. In this review, we summarize evidence from diverse model systems showing that tightly regulated translation elongation supports cellular function and viability, whereas disrupted elongation contributes to dysfunction and disease throughout the nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"764-778"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interleukin-6 trans-signalling as a selectively targetable driver of neurodegeneration. 白细胞介素-6反式信号传导作为神经退行性变的选择性靶向驱动因子。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.002
Grace Risby-Jones, John D Lee, Jenny N Fung
{"title":"Interleukin-6 trans-signalling as a selectively targetable driver of neurodegeneration.","authors":"Grace Risby-Jones, John D Lee, Jenny N Fung","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) exerts protective and pathogenic effects in the central nervous system through distinct receptor-signalling modes. Classical signalling via membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) is often associated with homeostatic and reparative functions, whereas trans-signalling, mediated by soluble IL-6R, expands IL-6 responsiveness to gp130-expressing cells and may promote chronic inflammation. Emerging evidence implicates dysregulated IL-6 trans-signalling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Here, we review mechanisms linking IL-6 trans-signalling to immune, glial, neuronal, and vascular dysfunction in neurodegeneration. We highlight key knowledge gaps and discuss whether selective targeting of trans-signalling can limit inflammatory pathology while preserving beneficial classical IL-6 functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"750-763"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Targeting DNA mismatch repair in Huntington's disease. 靶向亨廷顿舞蹈病的DNA错配修复。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.06.004
Emma L Bunting, Amol Panhale, Peter McColgan, Minoru Koi, Patrik Brundin, John M Carethers
{"title":"Targeting DNA mismatch repair in Huntington's disease.","authors":"Emma L Bunting, Amol Panhale, Peter McColgan, Minoru Koi, Patrik Brundin, John M Carethers","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somatic expansion of the HTT CAG repeat is a key feature of Huntington's disease (HD) pathogenesis. Mismatch repair (MMR) enzymes drive this process through erroneous DNA repair, with variants in MMR genes modifying the onset and progression of disease features. Cell-type-specific CAG repeat sizing recently confirmed that elevated somatic expansion underlies the selective vulnerability of HD medium spiny neurons, with expansion beyond certain CAG thresholds associated with distinct stages of cellular pathogenesis. In this review, we synthesise insights from post-mortem brain tissue, cell systems, and mouse models, detailing key CAG repeat-length-dependent changes. In addition, we critically evaluate the MMR proteins MSH3, MLH3, and PMS1 as therapeutic targets for slowing somatic expansion and outline key safety considerations for emerging MMR-modulating approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"779-795"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Linking sensory experience to bodily states in the insular cortex. 将感官体验与岛叶皮层的身体状态联系起来。
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Trends in Neurosciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.003
Adonis Yiannakas, Haneen Kayyal, Sailendrakumar Kolatt Chandran, Kobi Rosenblum
{"title":"Linking sensory experience to bodily states in the insular cortex.","authors":"Adonis Yiannakas, Haneen Kayyal, Sailendrakumar Kolatt Chandran, Kobi Rosenblum","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2026.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The brain must learn to associate sensory experiences with delayed physiological consequences in order to generate adaptive behavior. The insular cortex is uniquely positioned to support this function, integrating gustatory, visceral, immune, pain, affective, and metabolic information into representations of bodily states. In this review, we examine evidence, primarily from mouse and rat studies and with reference to human work, that insular circuits couple external cues to predicted bodily states. We focus on conditioned taste aversion and conditioned immune responses as complementary models of this computation, in which initially neutral sensory stimuli acquire the ability to evoke learned behavioral or physiological responses despite substantial temporal delays. We discuss how anterior and posterior insular circuits, projection-specific plasticity, inhibitory gating, and molecular mechanisms contribute to the encoding, updating, and retrieval of these associations. This framework positions the insula as a state-dependent hub, generating and regulating learned predictions about the body's future physiological states and needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"720-733"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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