IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090777

Sheetal Kumar Dewangan

{"title":"Review of Health Hazards in High-Entropy Alloy Processing Under Laboratory Conditions and Risk Assessment Using a Simple Risk Scoring Model.","authors":"Sheetal Kumar Dewangan","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090777","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090777","url":null,"abstract":"Certain metal powders used in the synthesis and processing of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) pose significant health hazards, as many of these metals are toxic substances with no biological role in the human body. These metals can mimic essential elements or interfere with metabolic processes (the chemical reactions in living organisms that sustain life), leading to detrimental health effects. While some metals, such as aluminum, can be eliminated from the body through natural biological processes, others tend to accumulate, causing chronic illnesses over time. This review examines the toxicity mechanisms and health impacts of metals used in HEA synthesis, focusing on laboratory-scale processing. It also identifies potential health risks associated with occupational exposure in laboratory environments, including the inhalation of toxic metal powders and nanoparticles. A simple risk scoring model is introduced to systematically assess and quantify these risks based on factors such as toxicity levels, exposure limits, and carcinogenic potential (the ability of a substance to cause cancer) as given by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standards. The proposed model can be applied to evaluate the relative hazards of commonly used HEA constituent powders (e.g., Ni, Co, Cr, and Al), offering practical guidance for safer laboratory handling and material selection. By integrating this risk assessment framework, this review aims to enhance workplace safety, guide the development of better material handling practices, and assist researchers in mitigating health risks associated with HEA processing.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amniotic Fluid and Ocean Water: Evolutionary Echoes, Chemical Parallels, and the Infiltration of Micro- and Nanoplastics. 羊水和海水：进化的回声，化学的相似之处，以及微和纳米塑料的渗透。

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090776

Antonio Ragusa

{"title":"Amniotic Fluid and Ocean Water: Evolutionary Echoes, Chemical Parallels, and the Infiltration of Micro- and Nanoplastics.","authors":"Antonio Ragusa","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090776","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090776","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Abiogenesis is hypothesized to have occurred in the aquatic environments of the early Earth approximately 3.8-4.0 billion years ago, in oceans containing high concentrations of ions (Na+ ≈ 470 mmol/L, Cl- ≈ 545 mmol/L, Mg2+ ≈ 51-53 mmol/L, Ca2+ ≈ 10 mmol/L, K+ ≈ 10 mmol/L, SO42- ≈ 28-54 mmol/L, HCO3- ≈ 2.3 mmol/L). Primitive membranes evolved ion-regulatory mechanisms to sustain electrochemical gradients, enabling metabolic activity. Objectives: This review compares the composition of amniotic fluid (AF) to seawater, framing AF as a \"biological ocean\" for the fetus, and evaluates the impact of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) on this protected milieu. Methods: We synthesized data from published studies on concentrations of and ions and other important substances in AF during pregnancy and compared them with marine values. Reports of MNPs detected in placenta, AF, and human organs were systematically reviewed. Results: AF exhibits high ionic similarity to seawater, although the absolute concentrations of ions are lower, reflecting evolutionary conservation. Recent analytical studies identified MNPs in samples of human placenta (4-10 particles per 1 g of tissue), meconium (median 3-5 particles per g), and AF (detectable in >60% of tested samples). Co-exposure to heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, and endocrine disruptors were reported in 20-40% of maternal-fetal samples. Conclusions: The analogy between oceans and AF underscores a conserved evolutionary continuum. However, the infiltration of MNPs into intrauterine environments is a novel toxicological challenge with potential implications for neurodevelopment, immune programming, and epigenetic regulation. Within the One Health framework, protecting AF from anthropogenic contaminants is as critical as safeguarding marine ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Latency Period Among Asbestosis Cases in South Korea by Demographic and Asbestos Exposure Characteristics. 根据人口统计学和石棉暴露特征，韩国石棉沉滞病例的潜伏期。

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090775

Won Young So, Min-Sung Kang, Young Hwangbo, Mee-Ri Lee

{"title":"Latency Period Among Asbestosis Cases in South Korea by Demographic and Asbestos Exposure Characteristics.","authors":"Won Young So, Min-Sung Kang, Young Hwangbo, Mee-Ri Lee","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090775","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090775","url":null,"abstract":"Although asbestos use has been banned in many countries, including South Korea, the long latency period of asbestos-related diseases remains a serious public health concern. We conducted a nationwide, registry-based retrospective study to estimate the latency period of asbestosis and identify its determinants. We analyzed exposure history and demographics for 1110 asbestosis cases collected by the Ministry of Environment and the Environmental Health Center for Asbestos in Korea between 2009 and 2021. Mean latency was 45.3 years for asbestosis Grade 1 and 46.3 years for Grade 2. Patients with occupational exposure had shorter latency than those with environmental exposure: 44.4 vs. 46.0 years in Grade 1 (p = 0.010) and 45.0 vs. 47.0 years in Grade 2 (p < 0.001). Within occupations, production-type work showed the shortest latency; within environmental exposure, residence near asbestos-related industries showed the shortest latency, whereas residence near asbestos mines showed the longest. Longer exposure duration (occupational) was associated with shorter latency, and greater residential distance from the source (environmental) with longer latency. Priorities for further investigation include differences by asbestos fiber type and exposure intensity/modality, to inform strengthened occupational health monitoring and targeted surveillance for residents near industrial sources and legacy mines.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxic Effects of BPAF on Marine Medaka (Oryzias melastigma) During Embryo-Larval Stages. BPAF对海洋Medaka （Oryzias melastigma）胚胎-幼虫期的毒性作用

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090773

Jiahao Gao, Tianyang Zhou, Zuchun Chen, Ning Zhang, Yusong Guo, Zhongduo Wang, Wenjun Shi, Zhongdian Dong

{"title":"Toxic Effects of BPAF on Marine Medaka (Oryzias melastigma) During Embryo-Larval Stages.","authors":"Jiahao Gao, Tianyang Zhou, Zuchun Chen, Ning Zhang, Yusong Guo, Zhongduo Wang, Wenjun Shi, Zhongdian Dong","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090773","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090773","url":null,"abstract":"BPAF (Bisphenol AF), one of the primary substitutes for BPA (Bisphenol A), is widely used in the production of plastics, optical fibers, and other materials. During the use of these products, BPAF inevitably enters the environment and exerts toxic effects on animal growth, development, reproduction, immunity, neurology, and genetics. This study employed marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) as the experimental model to evaluate the toxicological impacts of BPAF on early development. Embryos were exposed to four BPAF concentrations (0, 1 μg/L, 10 μg/L, and 100 μg/L) for 14 days (embryonic to larval stages), followed by phenotypic measurements, behavioral analysis, and gene expression detection. The results demonstrated that BPAF exposure induced developmental malformations and reduced survival rates in marine medaka embryos, with embryo survival negatively correlated with BPAF concentrations. Additionally, BPAF significantly decreased embryonic heart rates, and the 100 μg/L BPAF group exhibited prolonged embryo hatching time and reduced hatching success. In newly hatched larvae, BPAF exposure led to decreased body length, reduced heart rates, and significant suppression of swimming activity, characterized by increased resting time and reduced swimming distance. BPAF exposure altered the expression levels of genes associated with cardiovascular function (e.g., tbx2b, arnt2), the HPT axis (e.g., tg, dio3a, trh, trhr2, tpo), and neurodevelopment (e.g., ache, elavl3, gfap) in the medaka larvae. These transcriptional perturbations are proposed as potential molecular mechanisms underlying the observed phenotypic effects, including reduced heart rates and suppressed swimming behavior in the study. Molecularly, BPAF exposure significantly disrupted the expression of genes related to the cardiovascular system, HPT axis, and nervous system.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure to Bisphenol S and Bisphenol F Alters Gene Networks Related to Protein Translation and Neuroinflammation in SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells. 暴露于双酚S和双酚F改变SH-SY5Y人神经母细胞瘤细胞中与蛋白质翻译和神经炎症相关的基因网络

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090772

Andrea P Guzman, Christina L Sanchez, Emma Ivantsova, Jacqueline Watkins, Sara E Sutton, Christopher L Souders, Christopher J Martyniuk

{"title":"Exposure to Bisphenol S and Bisphenol F Alters Gene Networks Related to Protein Translation and Neuroinflammation in SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells.","authors":"Andrea P Guzman, Christina L Sanchez, Emma Ivantsova, Jacqueline Watkins, Sara E Sutton, Christopher L Souders, Christopher J Martyniuk","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090772","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090772","url":null,"abstract":"Bisphenol A (BPA) replacement chemicals are used in products like food packaging, plastic piping, and sportswear. While they can be toxic, their neurotoxicity is less understood. The aim of this study was to treat differentiated human SH-SY5Y cells with Bisphenol S (BPS) and Bisphenol F (BPF) to investigate mechanisms of toxicity. BPS reduced cell viability (>50 µM at 48 h) more than BPF (>200 µM at 48 h), with concentration- and time-dependent effects. Both induced caspase 3/7 activity at 250 µM after 48 h, though no changes were observed in levels of reactive oxygen species nor mitochondrial ATPase activity. RNA-seq analysis at 0.1 nM revealed distinct transcriptional networks: BPS altered IL15R, causing NF-kB/NFATC activation, and triggered NF-kB signaling through CD8, while BPF affected TLR9 and activated NF-kB targets through TNF. Pathway analysis showed that genes involved in neuroinflammation, protein folding, microglial function, and motor neuron regulation were disrupted, demonstrating that BPS and BPF, even at low, environmentally relevant concentrations, significantly alter gene expression in pathways linked to neuroinflammation, immune signaling, and neurodegenerative diseases. BPS primarily affected ribosomal and immune-related networks, while BPF disrupted oxidative phosphorylation and protein-folding pathways. These alterations suggest mechanisms for long-term neurological effects, highlighting the need for comprehensive evaluations of BPA alternatives.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxicological Effects of Tartrazine Exposure: A Review of In Vitro and Animal Studies with Human Health Implications. 酒黄石暴露的毒理学效应：对人类健康影响的体外和动物研究综述。

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090771

Malina Visternicu, Alexandra Săvucă, Viorica Rarinca, Vasile Burlui, Gabriel Plavan, Cătălina Ionescu, Alin Ciobica, Ioana-Miruna Balmus, Cristina Albert, Mihai Hogas

{"title":"Toxicological Effects of Tartrazine Exposure: A Review of In Vitro and Animal Studies with Human Health Implications.","authors":"Malina Visternicu, Alexandra Săvucă, Viorica Rarinca, Vasile Burlui, Gabriel Plavan, Cătălina Ionescu, Alin Ciobica, Ioana-Miruna Balmus, Cristina Albert, Mihai Hogas","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090771","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090771","url":null,"abstract":"Tartrazine (TZ, also known as FD&C Yellow No. 5 or E102) is a synthetic, water-soluble yellow food dye widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Some studies have associated TZ with allergic reactions, especially among people with dye sensitivities or pre-existing allergies. Recent research also suggests a possible link between TZ consumption and the worsening of behavioral disorders, especially in children, including symptoms such as hyperactivity, irritability, restlessness, and sleep disturbances. Experimental studies in laboratory animals have highlighted potential risks associated with prolonged or high-dose exposure, including toxic effects on the nervous system and liver function. In addition, increasing evidence indicates that TZ can induce oxidative stress (OS) by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can contribute to cellular damage and inflammation. Although the evidence remains inconclusive, there are recommendations to limit the intake of synthetic food dyes, especially in children's diets. The purpose of this review is to examine the potential toxic effects on health of tartrazine by analyzing findings from experimental studies in cell cultures and laboratory animals, as well as correlations observed in humans. We focus on documented adverse reactions, including possible neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, oxidative, and behavioral effects. Through this, we aim to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the risks associated with exposure to this synthetic food dye.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Disrupts Mitochondrial Function, Dynamics and Biogenesis in Human Trophoblast Cells at Human Exposure Range Concentrations. 邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基己基）在人体暴露范围内破坏人滋养层细胞的线粒体功能、动力学和生物发生。

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090770

Luis Daniel Martínez-Razo, Nadia Alejandra Rivero-Segura, Ericka Karol Pamela Almeida-Aguirre, Ismael Mancilla-Herrera, Ruth Rincón-Heredia, Alejandra Martínez-Ibarra, Marco Cerbón

{"title":"Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Disrupts Mitochondrial Function, Dynamics and Biogenesis in Human Trophoblast Cells at Human Exposure Range Concentrations.","authors":"Luis Daniel Martínez-Razo, Nadia Alejandra Rivero-Segura, Ericka Karol Pamela Almeida-Aguirre, Ismael Mancilla-Herrera, Ruth Rincón-Heredia, Alejandra Martínez-Ibarra, Marco Cerbón","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090770","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090770","url":null,"abstract":"Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), a bioactive metabolite of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), has been detected in the placenta and urine of pregnant women and is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, its effects on mitochondrial homeostasis in trophoblast cells remain incompletely understood. This study examined the impact of MEHP (0.5-200 µM) on mitochondrial function, dynamics, and biogenesis in human HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells. MEHP (≥5 µM) reduced MTT conversion without compromising membrane integrity, suggesting early metabolic or redox imbalance. A dose-dependent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was observed, with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation only at 200 µM. MEHP modulated the expression of mitochondrial dynamics genes, with a more pronounced mitofusin 1 (MFN1) induction at low doses and increased mitochondrial DNA content, suggesting a compensatory response to mild stress. Conversely, high doses more strongly induced fission and mitochondrial 1 (FIS1) expression, suggesting mitochondrial fragmentation. Both concentrations induced the expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis regulators peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), while sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression and activity declined progressively with dose. These results demonstrate that MEHP disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis in trophoblast cells at concentrations spanning the estimated human exposure range. The dose-dependent effects, from adaptive responses to overt dysfunction, may help explain the associations between MEHP exposure and placental pathology observed in epidemiological studies.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Danio rerio in Understanding Pollutant-Induced Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Aquatic Ecosystems. 在了解污染物诱导的水生生态系统肠道菌群失调中的作用。

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090769

Svetlana G Frolova, Aleksey A Vatlin, Iunona Pospelova, Nikita A Mitkin, Gulnara A Kulieva, Vsevolod V Pavshintsev

{"title":"The Role of Danio rerio in Understanding Pollutant-Induced Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Aquatic Ecosystems.","authors":"Svetlana G Frolova, Aleksey A Vatlin, Iunona Pospelova, Nikita A Mitkin, Gulnara A Kulieva, Vsevolod V Pavshintsev","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090769","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090769","url":null,"abstract":"Freshwater pollution is a global issue that can impact aquatic organisms in multiple ways. One of the many detrimental consequences of freshwater pollution is the disruption of the intestinal microbiome in aquatic animals. This review addresses the impact of various chemical entities like pesticides, heavy metals, antibiotics, dyes, and microplastic. Gut microbiota serves as a crucial regulator of metabolic processes across all organisms. Since numerous metabolic pathways are coordinated by microbial communities, even minor disruptions can lead to consequences ranging from mild to severe. The widespread use of chemicals in modern life has made them a primary focus of current gut microbiota research. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) can serve as a model organism to investigate gut microbiome responses to exposure to hazardous contaminants. In this review we include research studying pesticides (methomyl, λ-cyhalothrin, cyproconazole, dieldrin, penthiopyrad, acetochlor, metamifop, imidacloprid, difenoconazole, imazalil, cypermethrin), heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, copper, and various nanoparticles), antibiotics (oxytetracycline, florfenicol, doxycycline, trimethoprim, erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, and clarithromycin), and microplastics (polystyrene, polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene). This review study provides a description of microbiome alterations due to single and combined short- and long-term exposure to the aforementioned contaminants in zebrafish and larvae microbiomes.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proteomics Reveals Mechanisms of Metabolic Dysregulation in Soman Neurotoxicity. 蛋白质组学揭示索曼神经毒性代谢失调的机制。

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090766

Xing-Xing Zong, Qian Jin, Tong Shi, Ruihua Zhang, Jingjing Shi, Chen Wang, Liqin Li

{"title":"Proteomics Reveals Mechanisms of Metabolic Dysregulation in Soman Neurotoxicity.","authors":"Xing-Xing Zong, Qian Jin, Tong Shi, Ruihua Zhang, Jingjing Shi, Chen Wang, Liqin Li","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090766","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090766","url":null,"abstract":"Soman, an organophosphorus nerve agent, induces neurotoxicity primarily by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, triggering a series of pathological events including cholinergic crisis, seizures, calcium overload, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal death. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying metabolic dysregulation-especially after repeated exposure-remain poorly characterized. To address this, we used SWATH-based proteomics to analyze changes in the hippocampal proteome following a repeated soman exposure regimen in a model of hippocampal injury. We identified 38 differentially expressed proteins, predominantly enriched in metabolic pathways. KEGG annotation indicated that these were mainly involved in carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism, with specific roles in calcium signaling, tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. Overall, our results demonstrate significant disruption of key metabolic pathways, particularly affecting carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. We suggest that soman-induced hippocampal damage arises not only from acute calcium overload but also from persistent metabolic dysregulation that impairs energy production and biosynthetic processes. All of our preliminary results shed light on the nature of the biological process and target in the metabolism and provide basic research for the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of nerve-agent-induced brain damage.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ITF6475, a New Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor, Prevents Painful Neuropathy Induced by Paclitaxel. 新的组蛋白去乙酰化酶6抑制剂ITF6475预防紫杉醇诱导的疼痛性神经病变

IF 4.1 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13090767

Guido Cavaletti, Annalisa Canta, Alessia Chiorazzi, Eleonora Pozzi, Valentina Carozzi, Cristina Meregalli, Paola Alberti, Paola Marmiroli, Arianna Scuteri, Luca Crippa, Silvia Fermi, Ibtihal Segmani, Barbara Vergani, Christian Steinkühler, Simonetta Andrea Licandro

{"title":"ITF6475, a New Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor, Prevents Painful Neuropathy Induced by Paclitaxel.","authors":"Guido Cavaletti, Annalisa Canta, Alessia Chiorazzi, Eleonora Pozzi, Valentina Carozzi, Cristina Meregalli, Paola Alberti, Paola Marmiroli, Arianna Scuteri, Luca Crippa, Silvia Fermi, Ibtihal Segmani, Barbara Vergani, Christian Steinkühler, Simonetta Andrea Licandro","doi":"10.3390/toxics13090767","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13090767","url":null,"abstract":"Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy remains a significant side effect of cancer treatment, often requiring dose reductions or even discontinuation of therapy. Paclitaxel (PTX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for solid tumors, is particularly neurotoxic, and no effective treatment exists for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN). Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histone and non-histone proteins, including transcription factors and cytoskeletal components. This study evaluates the HDAC6 inhibitor ITF6475 for its potential to prevent PIPN and compares its effects with ricolinostat, a well-established HDAC6 inhibitor previously studied in cisplatin-induced neuropathy models. Female C57BL/6 mice received PTX vehicle (VEH) or PTX (70 mg/kg intravenously, once per week for four weeks), and the remaining four groups received PTX with co-treatment of either ricolinostat (50 mg/kg orally, daily) or ITF6475 (1, 6, or 12.5 mg/kg orally, daily). Neurophysiological assessments at the end of treatment showed a significant reduction in caudal sensory nerve action potential amplitude across all PTX-treated groups compared to the VEH group. At the same time, PTX treatment led to the development of mechanical allodynia. However, co-treatment with the HDAC6 inhibitor prevented significant differences compared to the VEH group. PTX-induced reduction in intraepidermal nerve fiber density was significantly prevented in the PTX + ITF6475 (1 mg/kg) group, and PTX-induced increase in neurofilament light levels was reduced in all ITF6475 co-treated groups. These findings support the potential of ITF6475 in preventing small fiber damage in a severe, chronic PIPN model.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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