IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100744

Eurípides Palacios-Valoyes, Manuel H Salas-Moreno, José L Marrugo-Negrete

{"title":"Biomonitoring of Mercury and Lead Levels in the Blood of Children Living near a Tropical River Impacted by Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining in Colombia.","authors":"Eurípides Palacios-Valoyes, Manuel H Salas-Moreno, José L Marrugo-Negrete","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100744","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Background: Mercury and lead contamination resulting from various anthropogenic activities represents a global environmental problem and a considerable risk to the health of the human population. (2) Methods: The objective of this research was to evaluate the concentrations of mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) in the blood of the child population in the municipalities in the Atrato River basin using a direct Hg analyzer and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. (3) Results: In total, 171 children (5-14 years of age) were taken into account, and 18.71% (32) of the children had concentrations of Hg and Pb above the permissible values established by the WHO. In the municipality of UN, 19 children had blood Hg concentrations between 5.29 and 17.71 μg/L. In CA, two children had concentrations of 5.03 and 8.43 μg/L, separately. In the case of Pb, seven children showed concentrations between 3.60 and 4.83 μg/dL in the municipality of RQ, three in UN (3.59, 3.61, and 4.60 μg/dL), and one in Carmen de Atrato (5.47 μg/dL). (4) Conclusions: The levels of Hg and Pb in the blood of children living in the riparian areas of the Atrato River basin are related to gold mining activities in the basin and the consumption of contaminated fish.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of Nitrogen Removal in Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitrification Wastewater Utilizing Halophilic Activated Sludge. 利用嗜卤活性污泥去除烟气脱硫和脱硝废水中的氮的研究。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100742

Min Ren, Yuqi Wang, Huining Zhang, Yan Li, Keying Sun

{"title":"Investigation of Nitrogen Removal in Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitrification Wastewater Utilizing Halophilic Activated Sludge.","authors":"Min Ren, Yuqi Wang, Huining Zhang, Yan Li, Keying Sun","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100742","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, the generation of high-sulfate wastewater containing nitrogen is a significant challenge for biological wastewater treatment. In this study, halophilic activated sludge was inoculated in a Sequencing Batch Reactor to remove nitrogen from wastewater with a high sulfate concentration (60 g/L). With the influent concentration of 180 mg/L, the removal rate of total nitrogen was more than 96.7%. The effluent ammonium nitrogen concentration was lower than 1.94 mg/L, and the effluent nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentrations were even lower than 0.77 mg/L. The salt tolerance of activated sludge is mainly related to the increase in the content of ectoine in microbial cells. The Specific Nitrite Oxidation Rate is quite low, while the Specific Nitrite Reduction Rate and Specific Nitrate Reduction Rate are relatively strong. In the system, there are various nitrogen metabolic processes, including aerobic nitrification, anaerobic denitrification, and simultaneous nitrification-denitrification processes. By analyzing the nitrogen metabolic mechanisms and microbial community structure of the reaction system, dominate bacteria can be identified, such as Azoarcus, Thauera, and Halomonas, which have significant nitrogen removal capabilities.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regarding Bioanalysis Lasting a Few Minutes: Automated Cooling-SPME and Fast-GC for Urinary 2-Phenyl-2-Propanol Monitoring. 关于几分钟的生物分析：用于尿液 2-苯基-2-丙醇监测的自动冷却-SPME 和快速-GC。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100743

Stefano Dugheri, Niccolò Fanfani, Giovanni Cappelli, Antonio Marigliano, Elisabetta Bucaletti, Donato Squillaci, Ilaria Rapi, Lorenzo Venturini, Giulia Pizzella, Sara Manetta, Alfonso Pavone, Michele Secchi, Iacopo Rainaldi, Nicola Mucci

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning Models for Predicting Bioavailability of Traditional and Emerging Aromatic Contaminants in Plant Roots. 用于预测传统和新兴芳香族污染物在植物根茎中生物利用率的机器学习模型。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100737

Siyuan Li, Yuting Shen, Meng Gao, Huatai Song, Zhanpeng Ge, Qiuyue Zhang, Jiaping Xu, Yu Wang, Hongwen Sun

{"title":"Machine Learning Models for Predicting Bioavailability of Traditional and Emerging Aromatic Contaminants in Plant Roots.","authors":"Siyuan Li, Yuting Shen, Meng Gao, Huatai Song, Zhanpeng Ge, Qiuyue Zhang, Jiaping Xu, Yu Wang, Hongwen Sun","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100737","url":null,"abstract":"To predict the behavior of aromatic contaminants (ACs) in complex soil-plant systems, this study developed machine learning (ML) models to estimate the root concentration factor (RCF) of both traditional (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls) and emerging ACs (e.g., phthalate acid esters, aryl organophosphate esters). Four ML algorithms were employed, trained on a unified RCF dataset comprising 878 data points, covering 6 features of soil-plant cultivation systems and 98 molecular descriptors of 55 chemicals, including 29 emerging ACs. The gradient-boosted regression tree (GBRT) model demonstrated strong predictive performance, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.75, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.11, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.22, as validated by five-fold cross-validation. Multiple explanatory analyses highlighted the significance of soil organic matter (SOM), plant protein and lipid content, exposure time, and molecular descriptors related to electronegativity distribution pattern (GATS8e) and double-ring structure (fr_bicyclic). An increase in SOM was found to decrease the overall RCF, while other variables showed strong correlations within specific ranges. This GBRT model provides an important tool for assessing the environmental behaviors of ACs in soil-plant systems, thereby supporting further investigations into their ecological and human exposure risks.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-Term Halocarbon Observations in an Urban Area of the YRD Region, China: Characteristic, Sources Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment. 中国长三角地区城市地区卤烃长期观测：特征、来源分配和健康风险评估。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100738

Yuchun Jiang, Anqi Zhang, Qiaoli Zou, Lu Zhang, Hanfei Zuo, Jinmei Ding, Zhanshan Wang, Zhigang Li, Lingling Jin, Da Xu, Xin Sun, Wenlong Zhao, Bingye Xu, Xiaoqian Li

{"title":"Long-Term Halocarbon Observations in an Urban Area of the YRD Region, China: Characteristic, Sources Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment.","authors":"Yuchun Jiang, Anqi Zhang, Qiaoli Zou, Lu Zhang, Hanfei Zuo, Jinmei Ding, Zhanshan Wang, Zhigang Li, Lingling Jin, Da Xu, Xin Sun, Wenlong Zhao, Bingye Xu, Xiaoqian Li","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100738","url":null,"abstract":"To observe the long-term variations in halocarbons in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, this study analyzes halocarbon concentrations and composition characteristics in Shanxi from 2018 to 2020, exploring their origins and the health effects. The total concentration of halocarbons has shown an overall increasing trend, which is driven by both regulated substances (CFC-11 and CFC-113) and unregulated substances, such as dichloromethane, chloromethane and chloroform. The results of the study also reveal that dichloromethane (1.194 ± 1.003 to 1.424 ± 1.004 ppbv) and chloromethane (0.205 ± 0.185 to 0.666 ± 0.323 ppbv) are the predominant halocarbons in Shanxi, influenced by local and northwestern emissions. Next, this study identifies that neighboring cities in Zhejiang Province and other YRD areas are potentially affected by backward trajectory models. Notably, chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane have consistently surpassed acceptable thresholds, indicating a significant carcinogenic risk associated with solvent usage. This research sheds light on the evolution of halocarbons in the YRD region, offering valuable data for the control and reduction in halocarbon emissions.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational Tools to Facilitate Early Warning of New Emerging Risk Chemicals. 促进新出现风险化学品早期预警的计算工具。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100736

Farina Tariq, Lutz Ahrens, Nikiforos A Alygizakis, Karine Audouze, Emilio Benfenati, Pedro N Carvalho, Ioana Chelcea, Spyros Karakitsios, Achilleas Karakoltzidis, Vikas Kumar, Liadys Mora Lagares, Dimosthenis Sarigiannis, Gianluca Selvestrel, Olivier Taboureau, Katrin Vorkamp, Patrik L Andersson

{"title":"Computational Tools to Facilitate Early Warning of New Emerging Risk Chemicals.","authors":"Farina Tariq, Lutz Ahrens, Nikiforos A Alygizakis, Karine Audouze, Emilio Benfenati, Pedro N Carvalho, Ioana Chelcea, Spyros Karakitsios, Achilleas Karakoltzidis, Vikas Kumar, Liadys Mora Lagares, Dimosthenis Sarigiannis, Gianluca Selvestrel, Olivier Taboureau, Katrin Vorkamp, Patrik L Andersson","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100736","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative tools suitable for chemical risk assessment are being developed in numerous domains, such as non-target chemical analysis, omics, and computational approaches. These methods will also be critical components in an efficient early warning system (EWS) for the identification of potentially hazardous chemicals. Much knowledge is missing for current use chemicals and thus computational methodologies complemented with fast screening techniques will be critical. This paper reviews current computational tools, emphasizing those that are accessible and suitable for the screening of new and emerging risk chemicals (NERCs). The initial step in a computational EWS is an automatic and systematic search for NERCs in literature and database sources including grey literature, patents, experimental data, and various inventories. This step aims at reaching curated molecular structure data along with existing exposure and hazard data. Next, a parallel assessment of exposure and effects will be performed, which will input information into the weighting of an overall hazard score and, finally, the identification of a potential NERC. Several challenges are identified and discussed, such as the integration and scoring of several types of hazard data, ranging from chemical fate and distribution to subtle impacts in specific species and tissues. To conclude, there are many computational systems, and these can be used as a basis for an integrated computational EWS workflow that identifies NERCs automatically.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Presence of Trace Elements in Edible Insects Commercialized through Online E-Commerce Platform. 通过在线电子商务平台实现商业化的食用昆虫中的微量元素含量。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100741

Nadia San Onofre, David Vie, Jose M Soriano, Carla Soler

引用次数: 0

The Emission Characteristics and Health Risks of Firefighter-Accessed Fire: A Review. 消防员着火的排放特征和健康风险：综述。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100739

Xuan Tian, Yan Cheng, Shiting Chen, Song Liu, Yanli Wang, Xinyi Niu, Jian Sun

{"title":"The Emission Characteristics and Health Risks of Firefighter-Accessed Fire: A Review.","authors":"Xuan Tian, Yan Cheng, Shiting Chen, Song Liu, Yanli Wang, Xinyi Niu, Jian Sun","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100739","url":null,"abstract":"The exacerbation of wildfires caused by global warming poses a significant threat to human health and environmental integrity. This review examines the particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants resulting from fire incidents and their impacts on individual health, with a specific focus on the occupational hazards faced by firefighters. Of particular concern is the release of carbon-containing gases and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from forest fires and urban conflagrations, which exceed the recommended limits and pose severe health risks. Firefighters exposed to these pollutants demonstrate an elevated risk of developing pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases and cancer compared to the general population, indicating an urgent need for enhanced protective measures and health management strategies for firefighters. Through a meticulous analysis of the current research findings, this review delineates future research directions, focusing on the composition and properties of these pollutants, the impacts of fire-emitted pollutants on human health, and the development of novel protective technologies.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Remediation of Arsenic and Antimony Co-Contaminated Soil by Iron- and Manganese-Modified Activated Carbon and Biochar. 铁和锰改性活性炭与生物炭对砷和锑共污染土壤的比较修复。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100740

Jiayi Han, Chuang Zhao, Min Yang, Mingheng Ye, Yani Li, Keke Zhou, Junrui Zhang, Peipei Song

{"title":"Comparative Remediation of Arsenic and Antimony Co-Contaminated Soil by Iron- and Manganese-Modified Activated Carbon and Biochar.","authors":"Jiayi Han, Chuang Zhao, Min Yang, Mingheng Ye, Yani Li, Keke Zhou, Junrui Zhang, Peipei Song","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100740","url":null,"abstract":"At present, soil contaminated with arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) is escalating at an alarming rate, which is harmful to human health. In this study, Fe- and Mn-modified activated carbon (AC) and biochar (BC) were prepared and compared for the remediation of As- and Sb-contaminated soil. The effects on the speciation of As and Sb, soil pH, organic matter (SOM), and enzyme activity with various dosages and remediation times were investigated. The results showed that on the whole, the best stabilization effect of As and Sb was achieved with 3% FeMnBC. Furthermore, with increases in time and dosage, the immobilization effect on As and Sb was more significant. Fe/Mn-modified AC and BC enhanced soil pH, with 3% MnAC being particularly effective; 3% AC and 3% FeMnAC demonstrated the most pronounced enhancement in SOM. The modified carbon materials exhibited a dramatic increase in enzymatic activity. In particular, urease activity showed an increasing trend, and catalase activity first decreased and then increased over 30 days. Among the treatments, 3% MnAC showed the most significant enhancements in catalase and urease activities, whereas 1% FeMnBC had the most pronounced effect on increasing sucrase activity. This study provides theoretical support for the remediation of soil co-contaminated with As and Sb by Fe/Mn-modified AC and BC.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11511182/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationships among Dioxin-like Mitochondria Inhibitor Substances (MIS)-Mediated Mitochondria Dysfunction, Obesity, and Lung Function in a Korean Cohort. 韩国队列中二恶英类线粒体抑制物质（MIS）导致的线粒体功能障碍、肥胖和肺功能之间的关系。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12100735

Hoonsung Choi, Kyungho Ha, Jin Taek Kim, Min Kyong Moon, Hyojee Joung, Hong Kyu Lee, Youngmi Kim Pak

{"title":"Relationships among Dioxin-like Mitochondria Inhibitor Substances (MIS)-Mediated Mitochondria Dysfunction, Obesity, and Lung Function in a Korean Cohort.","authors":"Hoonsung Choi, Kyungho Ha, Jin Taek Kim, Min Kyong Moon, Hyojee Joung, Hong Kyu Lee, Youngmi Kim Pak","doi":"10.3390/toxics12100735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100735","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to obesity and diabetes, with declining lung function in aging increasing diabetes risk, potentially due to elevated serum levels of dioxin-like mitochondria inhibitor substances (MIS) from prolonged exposure to environmental pollutants. However, the mechanisms connecting MIS, mitochondria, lung function, and metabolic disorder remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed data from 1371 adults aged 40-69 years in the 2008 Korean Genome Epidemiologic Study (KoGES) Ansung cohort. We indirectly estimated dioxin-like MIS levels by measuring intracellular ATP (MISATP) and reactive oxygen species (MISROS) in cultured cells treated with the serum of participants. Using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM), we explored the relationships among MIS, mitochondrial function, body mass index (BMI), and lung function (FEV1 and FVC). Our findings revealed that MISATP was associated with BMI in females and with FVC in males, while MISROS correlated with both BMI and FVC in males, not in females. Significant associations between BMI and FVC were found in the highest MIS subgroup in both sexes. SEM analyses demonstrated that MIS negatively influenced mitochondrial function, which in turn affected BMI and lung function. Age-related declines in lung function were also linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. This study underscores the potential of MIS assays as alternatives for assessing mitochondrial function and highlights the importance of mitochondrial health in metabolic disorders and lung function.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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