Toxics最新文献

{"title":"Associations of Involuntary Smoking with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Behaviors in Early Adulthood.","authors":"Hongyang Li, Yunyun Liu, Feiyu Yuan, Jichao Li, Xiangxin Zhang, Mingyang Wu","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050412","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have demonstrated that involuntary smoking (e.g., secondhand smoke [SHS] and thirdhand smoke [THS]) is not only associated with an increased risk of several physical health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer, but also impacts mental health, including depression and anxiety. However, the relationships between SHS and THS exposure and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation (SI), and suicide attempts (SAs) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited at a Chinese vocational college via voluntary online surveys conducted on campus. Self-reported SHS exposure was determined by the frequency of contact with smokers or detecting tobacco odors in living environments, while THS was assessed through regular contact with smoker-contaminated surfaces (e.g., clothing, furniture, textiles). Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of SHS and THS exposure with the prevalence of NSSI, SI, and SAs in never-smoking participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 5716 participants (mean age = 19.3 years; females, 85.4%). The prevalence of SHS and THS exposure was 87.6% and 77.4%, with 8.8% reporting ≥15 min of SHS exposure on at least one day per week. After controlling for potential covariates, exposure to SHS (≥15 min on at least one day per week) was significantly associated with the odds of SAs (OR [95%CI] = 1.85 [1.17-2.91]). Additionally, daily THS exposure was significantly associated with increased past-year NSSI prevalence (2.35 [1.29-4.28]) compared to those without THS exposure, with similar associations observed for SI (2.11 [1.28-3.48]) and SAs (2.40 [1.23-4.69]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to SHS and THS was significantly associated with increased likelihood of NSSI, SI, and SAs among young adults at a Chinese vocational college. Further studies are needed to validate these associations across more diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safeguarding Patients, Relatives, and Nurses: A Screening Approach for Detecting 5-FU Residues on Elastomeric Infusion Pumps Using HPLC-DAD.","authors":"Andreia Cardoso, Ângelo Jesus, Luísa Barreiros, Daniel Carvalho, Maria Dos Anjos Sá, Susana Carvalho, Patrícia Correia, Fernando Moreira","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050416","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The leakage of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) from elastomeric infusion pumps used in cancer therapy poses a potential risk of unintentional exposure to multiple individuals, including patients' relatives and healthcare professionals, and may also compromise the accurate administration of 5-FU dosages to patients. This study aimed to develop, validate, and apply an analytical method to detect and quantify 5-FU residues on the external surfaces of infusion pumps. <b>Methods:</b> A high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) method was optimized for the quantification of 5-FU contamination across different components of the infusion pump, including the hard casing, infusion tubing, and catheter connection port. A mobile phase containing 5% acetic acid was used to obtain more efficient separation of 5-FU and the detection was performed at 260 nm. The method was evaluated for linearity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy, selectivity, robustness, and stability. <b>Results:</b> The method demonstrated linearity within the range of 0.150 to 3.000 µg/cm², with limits of detection and quantification of 0.05 µg/cm² and 0.14 µg/cm², respectively. Relative standard deviations ranged from 1.8% to 12.7%, and accuracy exceeded 85%. In real sample analysis, detectable residues were found around the catheter connection port. <b>Conclusions:</b> This screening-oriented method addresses an existing gap, as previous contamination reports were based solely on self-reported user observations. The detection of 5-FU residues highlights the critical need for safe handling practices and the consistent use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect healthcare workers, especially nursing staff involved in the removal of the infusion pumps, after treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Metamizole Cause Less Acute Kidney Injury than Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs When Combined with Diuretics and Antihypertensives?","authors":"Dulce Maria Calvo, Luis Carlos Saiz, Leire Leache, Maria C Celaya, Marta Gutiérrez-Valencia, Alvaro Alonso, Juan Erviti","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050417","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concurrent use of (a) diuretics, (b) renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASIs), and (c) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or metamizole, known as the triple whammy (TW) combination, increases the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). This study compared TWs including metamizole versus NSAIDs regarding hospitalisation for AKI, need for renal replacement therapy (RRT), and all-cause mortality during hospitalisation. Serum creatinine (sCr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes in the first year after TW initiation were also assessed. A nested case-control study was conducted within a cohort of adults receiving TW therapy (2009-2018). Logistic regression models analysed the associations between TW type and outcomes. Among 65,077 individuals (mean age 79.7 years; 26.3% male), TW including an NSAID was associated with a lower risk of AKI-related hospitalisation [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.81, 95%CI 0.74-0.87] and all-cause mortality (aOR 0.64, 95%CI 0.49-0.82) compared to TW including metamizole. No significant differences were found in other variables. These findings suggest that TW including an NSAID may reduce the risk of AKI-related hospitalisation and mortality compared to TW including metamizole, although kidney function parameters remained unaffected. Further research is needed to confirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Lead Exposure on 1573 Male Workers' Sex Hormones in China.","authors":"Ping Wang, Zhiling Wu, Ju Li, Yue Li, Xuefeng Wang, Mengya Ma, Wenkai Wei, Yijun Wang, Yi Liu, Yi Sun, Ling Tao, Yanyan Yang, Ziyuan Zhou, Jingchao Ren, Jia Cao, Guanghui Zhang","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050415","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lead (Pb) is recognized as an environmental pollutant with male reproductive toxicity, but its effects on sex hormones remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between male blood lead levels (BLLs) and the sex hormones of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin (PRL), as well as testosterone (T), estrogen (E2), and progesterone (PROG). Observational and experimental data from 1573 Pb-exposed workers (712 had also been surveyed in the previous year) and 35 Pb-poisoned patients (before and after Pb chelation therapy) were analyzed. Results from a cross-sectional study showed a nonlinear relationship between BLLs and LH/FSH, and a linear relationship between BLLs and serum T. After Pb chelation therapy, the BLLs in patients decreased from 61.7 to 36.3 (μg/dL), serum T and FSH decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and serum LH also decreased but without a significant change, while PRL and PROG increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The data indicate that Pb may disturb male sex hormones by including LH, T, and FSH, and this needs further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity Assessment of Sublancin in Sprague-Dawley Rats.","authors":"Yong Guo, Zhihao Li, Penglong Xu, Gantong Guo, Tao He, Yujiao Lai","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050413","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sublancin, an S-linked antimicrobial (glycol) peptide produced by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, has emerged as a novel and promising veterinary drug due to its unique antibacterial mechanism, low risk of resistance, and properties that modulate the immune system, reduce inflammation, and promote gut health. This study comprehensively assessed the subchronic (90-day) and chronic (180-day) toxicity of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, following the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. Rats were orally administered sublancin at doses of 2000, 10,000, or 50,000 mg/kg feed, representing 1666-5000 times the efficacious dose (1.0-1.2 mg/kg) reported in mice via the same administration route. Throughout this study, a wide range of physiological and behavioral parameters were monitored to access the toxicity of sublancin, including appetite, water intake, body weight gain, and organ weights. Hematological and biochemical analyses, as well as histopathological examinations of the major organs, were conducted at the end of each study period. The results indicated no adverse effects on any measured parameters at any dose level, with no significant differences observed between the sublancin-treated groups and the control group (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Notably, even the highest dose of 50,000 mg/kg did not induce growth inhibition or physiological dysfunction. A histopathological examination also revealed no tissue abnormalities in the major organs. The no-observed-effect level (NOEL) was determined to be 50,000 mg/kg for both study periods. These results demonstrate the long-term safety of sublancin in Sprague-Dawley rats, with no adverse effects during 180 days of oral administration at doses 1666-5000-fold the documented antimicrobially effective and immune-enhancing doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Women's Knowledge, Health Risk Perceptions, Beliefs and Avoidance Behaviour in Relation to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Personal Care and Household Products.","authors":"Adrianna Trifunovski, Nooshin Khobzi Rotondi, Jennifer Abbass-Dick, Caroline Barakat","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050414","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence highlights the association between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) found in personal care and household products (PCHPs) and adverse reproductive and developmental health outcomes. Women are disproportionately at risk due to frequent use of PCHPs, encountering a variety of different chemicals daily. Despite known health risks, existing policies often fail to provide adequate protection, with gaps remaining in understanding women's knowledge, risk perceptions, and beliefs about EDCSs in PCHP, as well as how these influence avoidance behaviours. This study examines women's knowledge, health risk perceptions, beliefs, and avoidance behaviors regarding EDCs commonly found in PCHPs, including bisphenol A, lead, parabens, phthalates, perchloroethylene, and triclosan. Guided by the Health Belief Model, a questionnaire was administered to 200 women in the preconception and conception periods in Toronto, Canada. Analyses revealed that lead and parabens were the most recognized EDCs, while triclosan and perchloroethylene were the least known. Greater knowledge of lead, parabens, bisphenol A, and phthalates significantly predicted chemical avoidance in PCHPs. Higher risk perceptions of parabens and phthalates also predicted greater avoidance. Women with higher education and chemical sensitivities were more likely to avoid lead. These findings support the need for targeted education to improve awareness to reduce EDC exposure-especially among women.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subcellular Partitioning of Trace Elements Is Related to Metal Ecotoxicological Classes in Livers of Fish (<i>Esox lucius; Coregonus clupeaformis</i>) from the Yellowknife Area (Northwest Territories, Canada).","authors":"Aymeric Rolland, Mike Palmer, John Chételat, Marc Amyot, Maikel Rosabal","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050410","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subcellular partitioning of trace elements (TEs) may depend on their binding preferences, although few field data are available from mining-impacted areas. Northern pike and lake whitefish were collected from different aquatic systems located in the Yellowknife mining area (Northwest Territories, Canada) to examine the subcellular partitioning of TEs in liver cells. Elements belonging to metal classes based on binding affinities were considered: A (Ce, La), borderline (As, Pb), and class B (Ag, Cd). Measurements in the metal-detoxified fractions (granule-like structures and heat-stable proteins and peptides) and in the putative metal-sensitive fractions (heat-denatured proteins, mitochondria and microsomes, and lysosomes) revealed marked differences among metal classes. In both fish species, Cd and Ag accumulated more as detoxified forms (higher than 50%, likely bound to metallothionein-like proteins) than La and Ce (not more than 20%). The two borderline TEs (As and Pb) showed an intermediate behavior between classes A and B. Similar proportions were found in the \"sensitive\" subcellular fractions for all TEs, where quantitative ion character-activity relationships (QICARs) indicated the covalent index and electronegativity as predictors of the TE contribution in this compartment. This study supports the use of classes of metals to predict the toxicological risk of data-poor metals in mining areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Pathology Professionals Through the Buccal Micronuclei Assay.","authors":"Fátima Baptista, Patrícia V Garcia, Armindo S Rodrigues, Carina Ladeira","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050411","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In pathology laboratories, several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are used, such as formaldehyde, ethanol, and xylene. These substances are recognized as genotoxic and cytotoxic, which is why their handling poses risks to human health. The buccal micronucleus (MN) cytome assay is a non-invasive, useful, and simple method to detect these effects in exposed individuals. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of VOCs in pathology professionals of S. Miguel Island, Azores, Portugal. The study comprised two groups: exposed workers (n = 21) from the three laboratories of S. Miguel, and a reference group (n = 50), randomly chosen from other hospital services without known exposure to VOCs. The exfoliated buccal cells were auto-sampled by all the participants using a cytobrush. The samples were processed in ThinPrep^®, stained with modified Feulgen with Fast Green, and visualized for MN and other nuclear anomalies (ONAs), such as karyorrhexis, pyknotic, and karyolytic cells. Results showed that VOCs have a predictive significance for MN frequency, leading to the conclusion that their exposure is an increased risk factor for the health of these professionals, approximately four times greater than in the control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotoxicity of Coffee, Coffee By-Products, and Coffee Bioactive Compounds: Contradictory Evidence from In Vitro Studies.","authors":"Maryam Monazzah, Dirk W Lachenmeier","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050409","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coffee and coffee by-products, such as coffee cherries, coffee flowers, coffee leaves, green beans, roasted coffee, instant coffee, spent coffee grounds, and silverskin, contain a complex mixture of bioactive compounds that may exhibit both genotoxic and antimutagenic effects. This article evaluates in vitro studies on the genotoxic potential of coffee and coffee by-products, with a focus on different preparation methods, roasting processes, and key chemical constituents. Furthermore, given the growing interest in utilizing coffee by-products for novel food applications, this review sought to identify knowledge gaps regarding their safety. The impact of metabolic activation, particularly the role of enzymatic detoxification and bioactivation, was examined to better understand the effects on genetic material. The findings suggest that while certain compounds in coffee can induce DNA damage under specific conditions, the overall evidence does not indicate a significant genotoxic risk to consumers. However, further studies, particularly in vivo and human studies, appear necessary to ensure the requirements of novel food applications for some coffee by-products.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yucasin Alleviates Aluminum Toxicity Associated with Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis in Tomato Seedlings.","authors":"Huabin Liu, Chuangyang Bai, Jiahui Cai, Yue Wu, Changwei Zhu","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050406","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phytotoxicity of aluminum (Al) to plants is well known. Auxin accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst induced by Al toxicity are the key factors in root growth inhibition. Yucasin, an auxin synthesis inhibitor, effectively ameliorates Al phytotoxicity in tomato seedlings. However, the physiological mechanisms by which yucasin alleviates Al phytotoxicity in tomatoes remain elusive. Here, we examined the regulatory mechanisms of yucasin involved in tomato seedling growth under Al conditions through phenotypic, plant physiology analysis, and cellular experiments. Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) application increased Al accumulation in tomato seedling roots, while yucasin decreased Al accumulation. Yucasin application reduced Al-induced ROS accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and cell death, enhanced root viability, and promoted tomato seedling root growth. Further, yucasin enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in plants under Al conditions. The results suggest that yucasin improves the scavenging capacity of ROS by maintaining the activities of antioxidative enzymes. This study elucidates the physiological mechanism by which yucasin alleviates Al phytotoxicity, highlighting its potential to enhance plant tolerance under acidic Al conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}