Toxics最新文献

{"title":"Contamination Level, Distribution, and Inventory of Dechlorane Plus (DP) in the Surface Soil of Shenyang City, China.","authors":"Hui Wang, Siyi Yu, Tony R Walker, Hao Wu, Xiaoxu Wang, Yueli Yang, Yinggang Wang","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050335","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dechlorane Plus (DP), an emerging type of persistent organic pollutant (POP), poses potential harmful effects on plants, animals, and humans alike, garnering increasing attention. Urban surface soil is easily accessible to urban residents, and its environmental conditions have a more significant impact on urban residents. However, there are few studies on related DP contamination. In this study, the contamination of DP in surface soil from Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China, was investigated. Soil samples were collected from 33 different locations in May and June 2023. The total DP (∑DP), anti-DP, and syn-DP were determined by gas chromatography and ranged from not detected (ND) to 77.80 ng/g, from ND to 61.50 ng/g, and from ND to 16.30 ng/g, respectively. The mean values were 33.60 ± 18.93 ng/g, 27.01 ± 14.32 ng/g, and 8.57 ± 4.55 ng/g. The findings indicate that anti-DP is more readily detectable than syn-DP, attributable to the lower proportion of syn-DP in the overall DP production and the distinct physicochemical properties of DP isomers. The fsyn [syn-DP/(anti-DP + syn-DP)] is 0.14-0.40, with a mean value of 0.22. This aligns closely with the values observed in commercial DP formulations, suggesting that the primary sources are derived from commercial DP products. Contour maps show that DP concentrations are influenced by urban land use and DP production. Based on the Tyson polygon method, the DP inventory was calculated at approximately 1.18 tons, with the unit area load exceeding previously reported values. The results also show that the health risks of DP are minimal, but children are more susceptible to the impacts of DP than adults, and oral ingestion is a more critical exposure pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Polystyrene Nanoplastics on Oxidative Stress, Blood Biochemistry, and Digestive Enzyme Activity in Goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>).","authors":"Sasan Azarm-Karnagh, Masoud Sattari, Mahdi Banaee, Behzad Shirkavand Hadavand, Francesca Falco","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050336","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems has become a global concern, and nanoplastics, due to their small size and high penetration potential, pose significant risks to aquatic organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on oxidative stress biomarkers, blood biochemical parameters, and digestive enzyme activities in Goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>). The experiment was conducted over 21 days, exposing fish to four different dietary concentrations of PS-NPs (0, 1, 10, and 100 mg/Kg). The results showed that chronic exposure to 50 nm PS-NPs significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and MDA activity in the gill, kidney, and liver tissues, indicating the induction of oxidative stress. Furthermore, notable alterations were observed in blood biochemical enzymes (alkaline phosphatase [ALP], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]), suggesting cellular damage and physiological disturbances. Additionally, PS-NP exposure affected the activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease), which may impact nutrient digestion and absorption. These findings highlight that PS-NPs can adversely affect aquatic animal health and may influence the nutritional quality of fish. Therefore, further research is necessary to assess the long-term ecological and toxicological impacts of nanoplastics in freshwater ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioaccumulation, Biotransformation and Oxidative Stress of 6:2 Fluorotelomer Sulfonamidoalkyl Betaine (6:2 FTAB) in Earthworms (<i>Eisenia fetida</i>).","authors":"Xinlei Zhang, Mengyao Fang, Zhiyuan Bai, Yulu Zong, Shuyan Zhao, Jingjing Zhan","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050337","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a novel perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternative, 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamide alkylbetaine (6: 2 FTAB) has been detected in the environment and biotas. However, its behaviors and toxicity in earthworms remain unclear. Here, earthworms (<i>Eisenia fetida</i>) were exposed to 6:2 FTAB to investigate its bioaccumulation, biotransformation and toxicity. Results indicated that 6:2 FTAB could be biodegraded in soil into perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluoropropionic acid (PFPrA). The uptake rate constant (<i>k</i>_u) and the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of 6:2 FTAB in earthworms were 0.0504 g_oc g_ww^-1 d and 1.65 g_oc g_ww^-1, respectively. 6:2 FTAB was biotransformed to form PFHxA, PFPeA, PFBA and PFPrA in earthworms after in vivo and in vitro exposure. The aerobic bacteria isolated from worm gut could degrade 6:2 FTAB to form PFPeA and PFHxA, while the anaerobic bacteria did not contribute to 6:2 FTAB biodegradation in worms. Peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly increased, while no significant changes were observed for catalase (CAT) activities, demonstrating activation of the primary antioxidant defense system against oxidative stress in earthworms after exposure to 6:2 FTAB. The significant increase of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities suggested indirect evidence on the conjugation of 6:2 FTAB or its metabolites in phase II of detoxication. This study provides important information on the fate of 6:2 FTAB in earthworms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Air Quality Shifts in China: Application of Additive Model and Transfer Learning to Major Cities.","authors":"Yuchen Ji, Xiaonan Zhang, Yueqian Cao","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050334","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of reduced human activity on air quality in seven major Chinese cities was investigated by utilizing datasets of air pollutants and meteorological conditions from 2016 to 2021. A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was developed to predict air quality during reduced-activity periods and rigorously validated against ground station measurements, achieving an R² of 0.85-0.93. Predictions were compared to the observed pollutant reductions (e.g., NO₂ declined by 34% in 2020 vs. 2019), confirming model reliability. Transfer learning further refined the accuracy, reducing RMSE by 32-44% across pollutants when benchmarked against real-world data. Notable NO₂ declines were observed in Beijing (42%), Changchun (38%), and Wuhan (36%), primarily due to decreased vehicular traffic and industrial activity. Despite occasional anomalies caused by localized events such as fireworks (Beijing, February 2020) and agricultural burning (Changchun, April 2020), our findings highlight the strong influence of human activity reductions on urban air quality. These results offer valuable insights for designing long-term pollution mitigation strategies and urban air quality policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bisphenol A Exposure Induces Small Intestine Damage Through Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Microbiota Alteration in Rats.","authors":"Kai Wang, Juan Tang, Dan Shen, Yansen Li, Kentaro Nagaoka, Chunmei Li","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050331","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bisphenol A (BPA), a widespread environmental contaminant used in plastics and resins, poses significant health risks due to its endocrine-disrupting properties and potential for inducing intestinal toxicity. This study explored the toxicological effects of BPA on the small intestine of rats, focusing on the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Histopathological evaluation revealed that the duodenum experienced the most severe structural damage, including villous atrophy, epithelial shedding, and mitochondrial degeneration. BPA exposure disrupted oxidative stress homeostasis by reducing superoxide dismutase activity and increasing malondialdehyde levels, along with upregulating antioxidant-related genes like <i>GPX2</i> and <i>HO-1</i> upregulated, indicating lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage. Inflammatory markers such as <i>IL-1</i> and <i>NFκB</i> were significantly upregulated, highlighting an active inflammatory response and epithelial cell apoptosis. BPA also altered lipid metabolism, with increased expression of lipogenic genes such as <i>SREBP-1c</i> and <i>FAS</i>, indicating metabolic dysregulation. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed reduced α-diversity, enrichment of pathogenic taxa like <i>Escherichia-Shigella</i>, and depletion of beneficial genera such as <i>Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group</i>, exacerbating gut inflammation and barrier dysfunction. These findings suggest that BPA-induced small intestinal damage is driven by oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis, with the duodenum and jejunum being the more vulnerable segments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Volatile Organic Compounds and Circadian Syndrome Among Pre- and Postmenopausal Women.","authors":"Xiaoya Sun, Zhenao Zhang, Jingyi Ren, Huanting Pei, Jie Liu, Bowen Yin, Chongyue Zhang, Rui Wen, Simeng Qiao, Ziyi Wang, Yuxia Ma","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050328","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Air pollution is closely associated with the development of multiple metabolic diseases. Circadian syndrome (CircS), as an extended concept of metabolic syndrome (MetS), has been proven to be a better predictor of metabolic diseases than MetS. However, the relationship between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and CircS in pre- and postmenopausal women remains unclear. This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2020, including 520 premenopausal women and 531 postmenopausal women. Generalized linear model (GLM), restricted cubic spline (RCS) model, subgroup analyses, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) model were used to assess the relationship between VOCs and CircS. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the results. Our findings showed that seven VOC metabolites were positively associated with the risk of CircS in postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, only two VOC metabolites were positively associated with the risk of CircS. The WQS analysis further confirmed that VOC mixtures selected by a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were significantly associated with an increased risk of CircS in postmenopausal women, with HPMMA identified as the primary contributor to the combined effect. This association was not evident in premenopausal women. Meanwhile, in postmenopausal women, individual urinary VOC metabolites and VOC mixtures were observed to be positively associated with elevated glucose and short sleep. Our results highlighted that VOC exposure was strongly associated with the occurrence of CircS in postmenopausal women. Further research is needed to confirm this conclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitophagy Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Injury in Granulosa Cells.","authors":"Sihui Zhu, Mingge Tang, Jiahua Chen, Shuhang Li, Rufeng Xue","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050332","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, is known to induce premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and infertility in women of reproductive age. Among the contributing factors, cisplatin-induced apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells is considered a primary driver of ovarian dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of cisplatin on the granulosa cell line KGN in vitro and explored the associated mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that cisplatin induces KGN cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and impairs mitochondrial function, as evidenced by excessive ROS production, membrane potential collapse, and reduced ATP synthesis. Mitophagy, a key cellular self-protection mechanism that selectively removes damaged mitochondria, was activated following cisplatin treatment, mitigating its detrimental effects on KGN cells. Activation of mitophagy with urolithin A (UA) ameliorated cisplatin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, whereas inhibition of mitophagy with cyclosporine A (CsA) exacerbated these effects. Furthermore, pretreatment with the clinical drug melatonin significantly enhanced mitophagy, effectively attenuating cisplatin-induced apoptosis in KGN cells. This study proposes a novel therapeutic strategy for patients undergoing tumor chemotherapy, aiming to preserve treatment efficacy while reducing the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents on ovarian function, thereby improving patients' quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Heavy Metal Contamination in Food: Implications for Human Health and Environmental Safety.","authors":"Magdalena Mititelu, Sorinel Marius Neacșu, Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu, Alexandru Scafa-Udriște, Octavian Andronic, Andreea-Elena Lăcraru, Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican, Dumitru Lupuliasa, Carolina Negrei, Gabriel Olteanu","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050333","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ensuring food security is essential for achieving sustainable global development, requiring a balance between sufficient food production and maintaining its safety and nutritional value. However, this objective faces considerable challenges due to the infiltration of toxic metal species into the food supply. Heavy metals and metalloids, depending on their molecular form and daily dose, exhibit varying degrees of toxicity, making the precise identification of their species essential for assessing their impact on human health and the environment. This study focuses on identifying the primary anthropogenic sources and dissemination pathways of heavy metal pollutants, with an emphasis on their speciation and bioavailability. It examines how toxic metal species, such as Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺, and various arsenic species (AsIII and AsV), infiltrate ecosystems, bioaccumulate within the food chain, and ultimately compromise food safety and nutritional value. Furthermore, the research explores the physiological and biochemical disruptions caused by these toxic metal species, including the displacement of essential ions from enzymatic active sites and transport proteins due to competitive binding by pollutants, oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species generation, and cellular dysfunction affecting metabolic pathways and signaling cascades, all of which contribute to both chronic and acute health conditions. By providing a detailed analysis of exposure routes and toxicological processes, this paper highlights the far-reaching consequences of heavy metal contamination on public health and agricultural sustainability. Special attention is given to the need for precise terminology, as the toxicity of metals is inherently linked to their daily dose and chemical species rather than their elemental form. Finally, this study advocates for integrated, multidisciplinary strategies aimed at mitigating these risks, enhancing ecosystem stability, and ensuring long-term food security in the face of environmental challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for Coordinated Control of PM_2.5 and O₃: Long-Term Observational Study in a Typical City of Central Plains Urban Agglomeration.","authors":"Chenhui Jia, Guangxuan Yan, Xinyi Yu, Xue Li, Jing Xue, Yanan Wang, Zhiguo Cao","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050330","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and Ozone (O₃) pollution have emerged as the primary environmental challenges in China in recent years. Following the implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan, a substantial decline in PM_2.5 concentrations was observed, while O₃ concentrations exhibited an increasing trend across the country. Here, we investigated the long-term trend of O₃ from 2015 to 2022 in Xinxiang City, a typical city within the Central Plains urban agglomeration. Our findings indicate that the hourly average O₃ increased by 3.41 μg m^-3 yr^-1, with the trend characterized by two distinct phases (Phase I, 2015-2018; Phase II, 2019-2022). Interestingly, the increasing rate of O₃ concentration in Phase I (7.89 μg m^-3) was notably higher than that in Phase II (2.89 μg m^-3). The Random Forest (RF) model was employed to identify the key factors influencing O₃ concentrations during the two phases. The significant dropping of PM_2.5 in Phase I could be responsible for the O₃ increase. In Phase II, the reductions in nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and unfavorable meteorological conditions were the major drivers of the continued increase in O₃. The Observation-Based Model (OBM) was developed to further explore the role of PM_2.5 in O₃ formation. Our results suggest that PM_2.5 can influence O₃ concentrations and the chemical sensitivity regime through heterogeneous reactions and changes in photolysis rates. In addition, the relatively high concentration of PM_2.5 in Xinxiang City in recent years underscores its significant role in O₃ formation. Future efforts should focus on the joint control of PM_2.5 and O₃ to improve air quality in the Central Plains urban agglomeration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Prediction of Hourly PM_2.5 Concentrations with a Long Short-Term Memory Optimized by Stacking Ensemble Learning and Ant Colony Optimization.","authors":"Zuhan Liu, Xianping Hong","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050327","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the performance degradation in existing PM_2.5 prediction models caused by excessive complexity, poor spatiotemporal efficiency, and suboptimal parameter optimization, we employ stacking ensemble learning for feature weighting analysis and integrate the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm for model parameter optimization. Combining meteorological and collaborative pollutant data, a model (namely the stacking-ACO-LSTM model) with a much shorter consuming time than that of only long short-term memory (LSTM) networks suitable for PM_2.5 concentration prediction is established. It can effectively filter out feature variables with higher weights, thereby reducing the predictive power of the model. The prediction of hourly PM_2.5 concentration of the model is trained and tested using real-time monitoring data in Nanchang City from 2017 to 2019. The results show that the established stacking-ACO-LSTM model has high accuracy in predicting PM_2.5 concentration, and compared to the same model without considering time and space efficiency and defective parameter optimization, the mean square error (MSE) decreases by about 99.88%, and the coefficient of determination (R²) increases by about 2.39%. This study provides a new idea for predicting PM_2.5 concentration in cities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}