Toxics最新文献

{"title":"Risk Evaluation of Potentially Toxic Metals in Soils and Vegetables Surrounding Lanzhou City in Gansu Province, China.","authors":"Hanru Ren, Jun Ren, Ling Tao, Xuechang Ren","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030158","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The potentially toxic metals in soil often cause secondary pollution of vegetables and pose a great threat to human health. Soil and vegetable samples were collected from eight different districts in the vegetable plantation base of Lanzhou city in Gansu province, and Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb contents were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AMS). The results suggested that the Cr and Zn contents of soils in the eight plantation bases were much higher than those of the other three metals. The metal contents showed significant differences among plantation bases and vegetable species, and the mean potentially toxic metal concentrations in soils exceeded background levels by 1.1~3.0 times. The accumulation of Cu in vegetables was significantly higher than that of other metals. Remarkable differences were found among the vegetables in the uptake abilities of Zn, Cd, Cr, and Cu. There were significant positive relationships between potentially toxic metal accumulation in vegetables and in soils. The results may be used to provide referential strategies and methods to minimize the impact of potentially toxic metals on human health through the consumption and cultivation of vegetables.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollutants in Microenvironmental Cellular Interactions During Liver Inflammation Cancer Transition and the Application of Multi-Omics Analysis.","authors":"Yulun Jian, Yuhan Li, Yanfeng Zhou, Wei Mu","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030163","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study categorizes pollutant-induced inflammation-cancer transition into three stages: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It systematically reveals the temporal heterogeneity of pollutant-induced liver damage. The findings indicate that pollutants not only directly damage hepatocytes but also modulate key cells in the immune microenvironment, such as hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and Kupffer cells, thereby amplifying inflammatory and fibrotic responses, ultimately accelerating the progression of HCC. Mechanistically, in the early stage (NAFLD), pollutants primarily cause hepatocyte injury through oxidative stress and lipid metabolism dysregulation. During the fibrosis stage, pollutants promote liver fibrosis by inducing extracellular matrix accumulation, while in the HCC stage, they drive tumorigenesis via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and p53 inactivation. Through multi-omics analyses, this study identifies critical pathogenic molecules and signaling pathways regulated by pollutants, providing new insights into their pathogenic mechanisms, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. These findings offer valuable guidance for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for liver diseases and the formulation of environmental health risk prevention measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beta and Pilot Testing of the Surviving & Thriving Healthy Lifestyle App: A Countermeasure to Firefighters' Occupational Health Risks.","authors":"Irene Lidoriki, Bogdan Anđelic, Fan-Yun Lan, Maria Soledad Hershey, Spyridon Georgakopoulos, Kishor Hadkhale, Eleni Speros, Mercedes Sotos-Prieto, Costas A Christophi, Stefanos N Kales","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030159","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Firefighters face elevated chronic disease risks, and interventions promoting healthier lifestyles are essential for improving their well-being. This study aimed to beta test and further evaluate a healthy lifestyle app (HLS app) for firefighters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Beta usability testing was conducted with new firefighters after using the app. Pilot testing was conducted in two cohorts, (1) the Connecticut Fire Academy Class A-CCA after graduation and (2) the Connecticut Class B-CCB and Miami-Dade Fire Rescue Academy, during academy training to evaluate the potential efficacy of the HLS app in improving healthy lifestyle behaviors, mental health, and physical fitness over three months of use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Beta testing (n = 93) revealed positive usability feedback, with 62% finding it useful for their health. Pilot testing after graduation (n = 28) was associated with increased push-up capacity (35.6 ± 11.7 vs. 42.9 ± 16.1, <i>p</i> = 0.006) and improved mental health scores. Pilot testing during academy training (n = 90) was associated with improvements in push-up capacity (33.8 ± 10.8 vs. 41 ± 10.6, <i>p</i> < 0.001), pull-ups (7 [4-11] vs. 10.5 [6-14], <i>p</i> < 0.001), 1.5-mile run time (11.96 ± 1.43 vs. 11.26 ± 1.1, <i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI (26.7 [24.3-29.7] vs. 25.95 [24.0-28.8], <i>p</i> < 0.001), and mental health scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The app was well received and showed potential for improving firefighter health. A randomized controlled trial is needed to rigorously evaluate the effectiveness of the HLS app.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subject-Specific Mapping of Excess Manganese Accumulation in the Brain of Welders Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxometry.","authors":"Humberto Monsivais, Ulrike Dydak","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030157","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic overexposure to manganese (Mn) can occur in occupational settings, such as welding, leading to increased Mn levels in the brain. Excess brain Mn accumulation may result in neurotoxicity, which is characterized by Parkinsonian-like symptoms including motor and cognitive dysfunctions. In this work, we demonstrate a novel methodology for personalized diagnosis and spatial characterization of abnormal Magnetic Resonance Imaging R1 (R1 = 1/T1) relaxation rates arising from excessive Mn accumulation in welders' brains. Utilizing voxel-wise population-derived norms based on a frequency age-matched non-exposed group (n = 25), we demonstrate the ability to conduct subject-specific assessments and mapping of Mn exposure using MRI relaxometry. Our results show elevated R1 in multiple brain regions in individual welders, but also extreme between-subject variability in Mn accumulation, debasing the concept that high exposures correlate with uniformly high Mn deposition in the brain. Consequently, the presented personalized methodology serves as a counterpart to group-based comparison, which allows for understanding the level of individual exposure and the toxicokinetics of Mn accumulation. This work lays a foundation for improved occupational health assessments and preventive measures against neurotoxic metal exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Relationship Between Air Pollution and Mortality from Respiratory and Cardiovascular Diseases in China, 2008-2020.","authors":"Yunning Liu, Xuyang Shan, Yitong Sun, Xinpeng Guan, Lijun Wang, Xinghou He, Jiangmei Liu, Jinling You, Rongshan Wu, Jianbin Wu, Bin Zhang, Jinlei Qi, Peng Yin, Mengyao Li, Xinghua He, Zifa Wang, Hongbing Xu, Jing Wu, Wei Huang","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030156","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most existing epidemiological studies on the impact of air pollution on noncommunicable diseases have focused on urban areas, rather than nationwide studies that include rural areas. This study utilized a time-stratified case-crossover study that included deaths registered in the National Mortality Surveillance System from 2008 to 2020. Atmospheric particulate matter (PM₁₀ and PM_2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO) were evaluated via the National Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the associations between short-term air pollution exposure and the risk of respiratory disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. There were increases in the risk of respiratory diseases (0.12%, 0.10%, 0.10%, 0.05%, and 0.40%) and CVDs (0.08%, 0.07%, 0.03%, 0.02%, and 0.22%) for each 10 μg/m³ increase in the concentrations of PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO₂, and SO₂, respectively, and for each 1 mg/m³ increase in the concentration of CO, which may be associated with the participants' characteristics. The results of these national analyses indicate that ambient air pollutants are significantly associated with increased risks of respiratory disease and CVD death in both urban and rural areas, which is critical for air pollution control, especially in low- and middle-income areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Environment: Occupational Exposure, Health Risks and Fertility Implications.","authors":"Luigi Montano, Giorgio Maria Baldini, Marina Piscopo, Giovanna Liguori, Renato Lombardi, Maria Ricciardi, Gennaro Esposito, Gabriella Pinto, Carolina Fontanarosa, Michele Spinelli, Ilaria Palmieri, Daniele Sofia, Carlo Brogna, Cosimo Carati, Mauro Esposito, Pasquale Gallo, Angela Amoresano, Oriana Motta","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030151","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic compounds with fused aromatic rings, primarily derived from combustion processes and environmental pollutants. This narrative review discusses the most relevant studies on PAHs, focusing on their sources, environmental and occupational exposure, and effects on human health, emphasizing their roles as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic agents. The primary pathways for human exposure to PAHs are through the ingestion of contaminated food (mainly due to some food processing methods, such as smoking and high-temperature cooking techniques), the inhalation of ambient air, and the smoking of cigarettes. Coke oven workers are recognized as a high-risk occupational group for PAH exposure, highlighting the need for appropriate strategies to mitigate these risks and safeguard worker health. PAHs are metabolized into reactive intermediates in the body, which can lead to DNA damage and promote the development of various health conditions, particularly in environments with high exposure levels. Chronic PAH exposure has been linked to respiratory diseases, as well as cardiovascular problems and immune system suppression. Furthermore, this review underscores the significant impact of PAHs on reproductive health. The results of the reported studies suggest that both male and female fertility can be compromised due to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and endocrine disruption caused by PAH exposure. In males, PAHs impair sperm quality, while, in females, they disrupt ovarian function, potentially leading to infertility, miscarriage, and birth defects. Fetal exposure to PAHs is also associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Given the extensive and detrimental health risks posed by PAHs, this review stresses the importance of stringent environmental regulations, occupational safety measures, and public health initiatives to mitigate exposure and safeguard reproductive and overall health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROS-Mediated Unfolded Protein Response Activation Drives Hepatocyte Apoptosis in Mesaconitine-Induced Liver Injury.","authors":"Jin Tian, Yubin Zhuang, Yinuo Liu, Yihong Zheng, Xuyang Liu, Shiyu Lin, Chenhua Zheng, Zekai Wu","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030155","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesaconitine (MA), a predominant diterpenoid alkaloid isolated from Aconitum species, exhibits notable pharmacological properties but is simultaneously associated with significant toxicological concerns, with its hepatotoxic mechanisms remaining largely unelucidated. In this study, zebrafish embryos were systematically exposed to MA to investigate its effects on hepatic development and function. Comprehensive analyses of liver morphology, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptotic pathways were conducted. MA induced dose-dependent hepatotoxicity, manifesting in a significant reduction in liver size and a marked downregulation of liver-specific genes, including <i>tfa</i>, <i>cp</i>, <i>hhex</i>, and <i>fabp10a</i>. The presence of oxidative stress was substantiated by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, while hepatic inflammation was characterized by enhanced neutrophil infiltration and the upregulation of proinflammatory mediators, particularly <i>il1b</i> and <i>tnfa</i>. A global transcriptome analysis revealed the substantial upregulation of unfolded protein response (UPR)-associated genes, notably <i>hsp90b1</i>, <i>hspa5</i>, and <i>hspb9</i>, indicating that MA-induced oxidative stress triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent UPR activation. Prolonged ER stress ultimately resulted in hepatocyte apoptosis, as demonstrated by the increased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes <i>casp3a</i>, <i>casp3b</i>, and <i>baxa</i>. These findings elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying MA-induced hepatotoxicity and identify potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating liver injury associated with Aconitum alkaloid exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomonitoring of Serum Inorganic Element Concentrations in Morbidly Obese Patients: Impact of Bariatric Surgery.","authors":"Álvaro Ramos-Luzardo, Pilar Fernández Valerón, Beatriz Vanessa Díaz-González, Manuel Zumbado, Katherine Simbaña-Rivera, Inmaculada Bautista-Castaño, Norberto Ruiz-Suárez, Elisabeth Hernández-García, Judith Cornejo-Torre, Octavio P Luzardo, Lluis Serra-Majem, Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030152","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipose tissue, in addition to serving as energy storage, can store lipophilic substances, some of which may pose a health risk if massively mobilized during rapid weight loss. This study aimed to biomonitor inorganic elements in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and analyze the role of sociodemographic factors. ICP-MS was employed to quantify 55 elements, including elements identified from the ATSDR's Substance Priority List and rare-earth elements, in serum samples of 58 obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. A total of 39 out of 55 elements were detected, either before or after surgery, in at least one patient. Serum concentrations of gold, copper, mercury, platinum, and selenium significantly decreased after surgery. Serum concentrations of iron and zinc were significantly lower before surgery. Age, sex, diabetes status, arterial hypertension, and family history of obesity were demographic factors associated with the concentration of elements. Correlation analyses showed significant associations between elements and total lipid concentration or body mass index. Our findings indicate a complex interplay between inorganic elements and body fat and provide relevant information regarding the biomonitoring of these chemical elements in a specific and understudied population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Heavy Metal Levels and Assessment of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. Presence in Fishery Products and Mussels from the Marmara Region, Türkiye.","authors":"Esra Akkaya, Karlo Muratoglu, Duygu Tarhan, Nural Pastaci Ozsobaci, Alev Meltem Ercan, Hilal Colak, Hamparsun Hampikyan, Enver Baris Bingol, Mehmet Erman Or, Egon Andoni, Enkeleda Ozuni, Marco Gobbi, Linda Petrucci, Federica Di Cesare, Petra Cagnardi, Giulio Curone, Claudia Maria Balzaretti, Valerio Giaccone, Marta Castrica","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030153","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated heavy metal levels (Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu) and the presence of <i>Salmonella</i> spp. and <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> in mussels and commonly consumed fishery products from the Marmara region of Türkiye. Health risks were evaluated using total hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values, while microbial risks in fresh and ready-to-eat (RTE) products were estimated via the Risk Ranger tool. Among 625 samples, Hg (36.96%; CI95 = 33.27-48.81), Pb (9.76%; CI95 = 7.67-12.34), and Cd (19.36%; CI95 = 16.45-22.64) exceeded permissible limits, except in crabs, which remained compliant. Anchovy, sardines, bluefish, shrimps, and octopus met EU Cd limits. Shrimps exhibited higher As_in levels than crabs (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while squids had significantly higher As_in than octopus but lower Pb (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Microbiological analysis detected <i>Salmonella</i> spp. in 4.00% of samples (CI95 = 2.50-6.30) and <i>L. monocytogenes</i> in 4.24% (CI95 = 2.70-6.59). Surmullet, bluefish, red mullet, crabs, mussels, and octopus tested negative for both, while anchovy was negative for <i>Salmonella</i> spp. only. THQ and HI assessments emphasized the need for environmental monitoring to mitigate heavy metal contamination. The detection of pathogens highlights the importance of stringent surveillance measures to ensure the safety of fishery products and bivalves.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overall Evaluation of Antibiotics Occurrence from Large-Scale Livestock Farms in Sichuan Basin, China: Spatial Distribution, Source Apportionment, and Risk Assessment.","authors":"Changmiao Lai, Zhikai Wang, Teng Gu, Lei Jian, Xiaoxia Meng, Qingjie Meng, Dongdong Gao","doi":"10.3390/toxics13030154","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13030154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The widespread application of antibiotics in intensive livestock production is increasingly contributing to antibiotic contamination, and their potential ecological risk to environmental media by resourceful utilization of livestock manure as fertilizers in China has been recognized. This study conducted a comprehensive investigation on 79 large-scale livestock farms and collected 86 livestock excrements and 20 soil and 20 surface water samples distributed in Sichuan Basin, where no similar studies were carried out before. In total, four tetracyclines (TCs), eight sulfonamides (SAs), and eight fluoroquinolones (QNs) were monitored by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The findings revealed that antibiotics occurrence varied remarkably in excrement (feces or manure) among different livestock farms and different livestock species, following the descending order as QNs > TCs > SAs of detection rates and as TCs > QNs > SAs of detected concentrations, respectively. By source apportionment, livestock manure was demonstrated as a possible source for TCs and QNs detected in soil, while the detection of antibiotics in surface water was probably related to other sources. The central, south, and southwest of Sichuan Basin displayed a higher contamination of antibiotics from livestock manure. The ecological risk of antibiotics was obtained from a medium to heavy level, particularly TCs from swine farms to green algae, water flea, and inflated duckweed in aquatic water and QNs from all livestock farms to sensitive organisms in soil. Overall, the prioritized resource utilization of livestock manure would probably increase the contamination level and ecological risk to environment; hence, rational and effective measurement was highly recommended for antibiotics prevention in some regions of Sichuan Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}