IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050349

Shitao Zhang, Jiafei Cao, Yang Gao, Fangfang Sun, Yong Yang

{"title":"A Deep Learning Algorithm for Multi-Source Data Fusion to Predict Effluent Quality of Wastewater Treatment Plant.","authors":"Shitao Zhang, Jiafei Cao, Yang Gao, Fangfang Sun, Yong Yang","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050349","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050349","url":null,"abstract":"The operational complexity of wastewater treatment systems mainly stems from the diversity of influent characteristics and the nonlinear nature of the treatment process. Together, these factors make the control of effluent quality in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) difficult to manage effectively. To address this challenge, constructing accurate effluent quality models for WWTPs can not only mitigate these complexities, but also provide critical decision support for operational management. In this research, we introduce a deep learning method that fuses multi-source data. This method utilises various indicators to comprehensively analyse and predict the quality of effluent water: water quantity data, process data, energy consumption data, and water quality data. To assess the efficacy of this method, a case study was carried out at an industrial effluent treatment plant (IETP) in Anhui Province, China. Deep learning algorithms including long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) were found to have a favourable prediction performance by comparing with traditional machine learning algorithms (random forest, RF) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP). The results show that the R2 of LSTM and GRU is 1.36%~31.82% higher than that of MLP and 9.10%~47.75% higher than that of traditional machine learning algorithms. Finally, the RReliefF approach was used to identify the key parameters affecting the water quality behaviour of IETP effluent, and it was found that, by optimising the multi-source feature structure, not only the monitoring and management strategies can be optimised, but also the modelling efficiency of the model can be further improved.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Special Issue: Firefighters' Occupational Exposures and Health Risks. 特刊：消防员的职业暴露和健康风险。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050343

Maria Helena Guerra Andersen, Anne Thoustrup Saber

引用次数: 0

Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Air: Sampling, Determination, Sources, Health Risk, and Regulatory Insights. 室内空气中的挥发性有机化合物：采样，测定，来源，健康风险和监管见解。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050344

Tajana Horvat, Gordana Pehnec, Ivana Jakovljević

{"title":"Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Air: Sampling, Determination, Sources, Health Risk, and Regulatory Insights.","authors":"Tajana Horvat, Gordana Pehnec, Ivana Jakovljević","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050344","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050344","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor air pollution is a serious public health issue caused by the accumulation of numerous toxic contaminants within enclosed spaces. Particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), biological contaminants (mould, bacteria, and allergies), inorganic gases (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide), and a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are examples of common indoor air pollutants. VOCs are one of the chief indoor contaminants, and their effects on human health have made indoor air quality a serious concern. Indoor VOC concentrations are frequently higher than outdoor levels, according to studies, which raises the danger of exposure, particularly for young people and those with respiratory disorders. VOCs originate from both biogenic and anthropogenic sources, and they can create secondary pollutants like ozone and aerosols, which can lead to cardiovascular and pulmonary problems. Prolonged exposure to VOCs has been associated with respiratory irritation, neurological effects, and an increased risk of chronic diseases. This review examines the primary sources, sampling and analysis approach, and health impact of VOCs in indoor air. Additionally, we compared worldwide regulatory guidelines for VOC exposure limits, emphasizing the need for strict exposure limits to protect human health.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and Characterization of Atmospheric Nickel-Containing Particles in Guangzhou After the Implementation of the Clean Fuel Policy. 清洁燃料政策实施后广州市大气含镍颗粒的识别与表征

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050345

Zaihua Wang, Xuanxiao Chen, Cheng Wu, Hong Ju, Zhong Fu, Xin Xiong, Ting Qiu, Yuchen Lu, Junjie He, Yaxi Liu, Haining Wu, Chunlei Cheng, Mei Li

{"title":"Identification and Characterization of Atmospheric Nickel-Containing Particles in Guangzhou After the Implementation of the Clean Fuel Policy.","authors":"Zaihua Wang, Xuanxiao Chen, Cheng Wu, Hong Ju, Zhong Fu, Xin Xiong, Ting Qiu, Yuchen Lu, Junjie He, Yaxi Liu, Haining Wu, Chunlei Cheng, Mei Li","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050345","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050345","url":null,"abstract":"Nickel, as a toxic trace element in fine particulate matter (PM2.5), has detrimental effects on both air quality and human health. Based on measurements from 2020 to 2021 using a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS), this study investigates the properties of nickel-containing particles (NCPs) in Guangzhou. The composition, sources, and temporal trends of NCPs were evaluated and the impact of the clean ship fuel policy introduced in 2020 was also examined. The key findings include: (1) Nickel particles account for 0.08% number fraction of PM2.5, which is consistent with previously reported mass fraction in PM2.5. (2) Three distinct types of NCPs were identified, including Ni-fresh, Ni-aged, and Ni-ash. Each type exhibits unique characteristics in size distribution, wind direction dependence, sources, and temporal variations. Ni-fresh particles originate from shipping emissions in the Huangpu Port area 2 km away and are the major contributors to fine nickel particles in the region. (3) Ni-aged and Ni-ash particles, which carry secondary components, tend to be larger (>500 nm) and are representative of regional or background nickel particles. (4) The implementation of the clean ship fuel policy has effectively reduced the number concentrations of NCPs and is beneficial to regional and local air quality.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety and Sublethal Effects of Acaricides on Stethorus punctillum, a Neglected Key Natural Enemy of Phytophagous Mites. 杀螨剂对被忽视的植食性螨主要天敌斑蝶蛾的安全性及亚致死效应研究。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050346

Huan Guo, Dawei Zhang, Haoyu Wang, Xiaoling He, Senshan Wang, Yanhui Lu

{"title":"Safety and Sublethal Effects of Acaricides on Stethorus punctillum, a Neglected Key Natural Enemy of Phytophagous Mites.","authors":"Huan Guo, Dawei Zhang, Haoyu Wang, Xiaoling He, Senshan Wang, Yanhui Lu","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050346","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050346","url":null,"abstract":"Stethorus punctillum Weise, a predatory beetle attacking phytophagous mites in northwest China, remains underutilized for biological control. Current over-reliance on synthetic acaricides necessitates evaluation of their non-target effects on this predator, particularly their safety and sublethal impacts. Here, we assessed the acute toxicity of four acaricides to S. punctillum in laboratory bioassays and then focused on sublethal impacts of abamectin on adult predation efficiency and lifespan. Based on the LC50 values, the acute toxicities of the four acaricides tested against S. punctillum larvae and adults both ranked as follows (from greatest to least): abamectin > pyridaben > spirotetramat > petroleum oil. All acaricides exhibited selective toxicity (STR: 2.16-182.49) with moderate to low risk (SF: 0.46-8.71). Notably, petroleum oil, despite showing the lowest acute toxicity to S. punctillum, posed the highest risk to larvae (SF: 0.46-0.77). Abamectin exposures at LC20 or LC50 significantly compromised S. punctillum adults, prolonging prey handling time (females: 33-100%; males: 40%), reducing maximum daily predation (females: 25-50%; males: 29%), and shortening adult lifespan (females: 2.34-3.17 days; males: 3.95-5.08 days). This study assessed the safety of four commonly used acaricides for S. punctillum, revealing abamectin-induced impairments to key biological traits. Our findings offer critical insights for risk-aware acaricide selection and integrated spider mite management strategies in agroecosystems in northwest China.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nanosilver Environmental Safety in Marine Organisms: Ecotoxicological Assessment of a Commercial Nano-Enabled Product vs an Eco-Design Formulation. 纳米银在海洋生物中的环境安全：商业纳米产品与生态设计配方的生态毒理学评估。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050338

Arianna Bellingeri, Analía Ale, Tatiana Rusconi, Mattia Scattoni, Sofia Lemaire, Giuseppe Protano, Iole Venditti, Ilaria Corsi

{"title":"Nanosilver Environmental Safety in Marine Organisms: Ecotoxicological Assessment of a Commercial Nano-Enabled Product vs an Eco-Design Formulation.","authors":"Arianna Bellingeri, Analía Ale, Tatiana Rusconi, Mattia Scattoni, Sofia Lemaire, Giuseppe Protano, Iole Venditti, Ilaria Corsi","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050338","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050338","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing use of manufactured nanomaterials in consumer products, especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), concerns about their environmental impact are rising. Two AgNP formulations were tested, the commercial nanosilver product nanArgen™ and a newly eco-designed bifunctionalized nanosilver (AgNPcitLcys), using marine organisms across three trophic levels, microalgae, microcrustaceans, and bivalves. Acute toxicity was assessed on the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, brine shrimp larvae Artemia franciscana, and bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis. The behavior of the formulations in marine media, including stability across a concentration range (0.001-100 mg/L), was also evaluated. Results showed that nanArgen™ was less stable compared to AgNpcitLcys, releasing more silver ions and exhibiting higher toxicity to microalgae (100% growth inhibition at 1 mg/L) and microcrustaceans (>80% mortality at 10 mg/L). Conversely, AgNPcitLcys (10 µg/L) was more toxic to bivalves, possibly due to the smaller nanoparticle size affecting lysosomal membrane stability. This study highlights how eco-design, such as surface coating, influences AgNP behavior and toxicity. These findings emphasize the importance of eco-design in minimizing environmental impacts and guiding the development of safer, more sustainable nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Burden of Disease Attributed to Prenatal Methylmercury Exposure in the Yanomami Indigenous Land. 雅诺马米土著土地产前甲基汞暴露导致的疾病负担。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050339

Ana Claudia Santiago de Vasconcellos, Raiane Fontes de Oliveira, Marcos Wesley Oliveira, Paulo Cesar Basta

{"title":"Burden of Disease Attributed to Prenatal Methylmercury Exposure in the Yanomami Indigenous Land.","authors":"Ana Claudia Santiago de Vasconcellos, Raiane Fontes de Oliveira, Marcos Wesley Oliveira, Paulo Cesar Basta","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050339","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050339","url":null,"abstract":"The Yanomami Indigenous Land (YIL) is heavily impacted by illegal gold mining, leading to significant contamination by methylmercury, a neurotoxin that poses severe risks to human health. The fetal brain is particularly susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of methylmercury, which can result in mild mental retardation (MMR). The goal of this study was to estimate the burden of disease (BoD) associated with methylmercury exposure in the YIL and its economic implications. The BoD calculations followed World Health Organization (WHO) methodologies. To estimate the local BoD, hair samples were collected from women of childbearing age in the Waikás, Mucajaí, Paapiu, and Maturacá regions. For broader estimates, data from the scientific literature were used. The average hair methylmercury concentrations in these investigated regions were 6.21 µg/g, 3.86 µg/g, 3.53 µg/g, and 2.96 µg/g, respectively. The MMR incidence rate (IR) in children ranged from 2.08 to 4.47 per 1000 in these regions. The Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) per 1000 births varied from 24.8 to 53.4. In the Worst-Case Scenario, MMR-IR reached 9 per 1000, with DALYs per 1000 births rising to 109.6. The estimated economic impact of methylmercury exposure ranged from USD 716,750 to USD 3,153,700. This study is the first to quantify the MMR incidence due to mercury in the YIL, highlighting the severe threat posed by gold mining to the health and survival of the Yanomami people.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occupational Exposure to Pesticides Among Farmworkers in Morocco: A Study Framework for Endocrine and Epigenetic Effect Assessment. 摩洛哥农场工人职业性农药暴露：内分泌和表观遗传效应评估的研究框架。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050340

Kaoutar Chbihi, Aziza Menouni, Imane Berni, Hala Chetouani, Said Abou-Said, Amal Amellah, Robin Lebegge, Eline Verscheure, Jeroen Vanoirbeek, Radu-Corneliu Duca, Lode Godderis, Samir El Jaafari

{"title":"Occupational Exposure to Pesticides Among Farmworkers in Morocco: A Study Framework for Endocrine and Epigenetic Effect Assessment.","authors":"Kaoutar Chbihi, Aziza Menouni, Imane Berni, Hala Chetouani, Said Abou-Said, Amal Amellah, Robin Lebegge, Eline Verscheure, Jeroen Vanoirbeek, Radu-Corneliu Duca, Lode Godderis, Samir El Jaafari","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050340","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050340","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticides are compounds of major use in agriculture worldwide. Nevertheless, many pesticide chemicals are classified as endocrine disruptors and potentially carcinogens. Farmers and farmworkers are particularly exposed and are at high risk of developing health-related impairments. In Morocco, the lack of awareness towards pesticide hazards and the inappropriate application of safety measures might increase the exposure as well as the risks of health concerns. In this paper, we present the framework of a study designed to assess pesticide exposure among Moroccan farmers and farmworkers and to evaluate potential health effects, namely endocrine and epigenetic impacts. Human biological monitoring will be conducted to determine pesticide levels in urine following the development and validation of sensitive chromatography methods (SPE, UPLC-MS/MS). Biomarkers of exposure include a set of parent and metabolite pesticide compounds (organophosphates, pyrethroids, triazines and urea-based pesticides). Thyroid and reproductive hormones (TSH, T3, T4, FSH and LH) as well as global and specific DNA methylation markers (5-mC, 5-hmC, N6-mA, THRB and LHR) are selected as biomarkers of effects. This provides guiding steps and methods to perform reliable exposure evaluation and health impact assessment. This study aims to expand the current knowledge on the endocrine and epigenetic risks related to pesticides, especially in low- and middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Alleviates Lead-Induced Testicular Damage in Roosters by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Modulating Key Pathways. 硫辛酸通过降低氧化应激和调节关键通路减轻铅诱导的公鸡睾丸损伤。

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050341

Jiahao Sun, Rahmani Mohammad Malyar, Nanwei Ye, Yueyue Wang, Quanwei Wei, Fangxiong Shi, Yansen Li

{"title":"Alpha-Lipoic Acid Alleviates Lead-Induced Testicular Damage in Roosters by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Modulating Key Pathways.","authors":"Jiahao Sun, Rahmani Mohammad Malyar, Nanwei Ye, Yueyue Wang, Quanwei Wei, Fangxiong Shi, Yansen Li","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050341","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050341","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Background: This study aimed to detect whether alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation could reduce lead (Pb)-induced testicular toxicity in roosters. (2) Methods: A total of 48 roosters, aged 20 weeks, were selected and randomly allocated to six treatment groups: basic diet (CON); CON + 150 mg/kg (CH3OO)2Pb (LPB); CON + 300 mg/kg (CH3OO)2Pb (HPB); CON + 300 mg/kg ALA (ALA); LPB + 300 mg/kg ALA (ALP); and HPB + 300 mg/kg ALA (AHP). (3) Results: The testicular Pb content was obviously higher in the LPB and HPB groups than in the CON group, while ALA supplementation reduced the testicular Pb content (p < 0.05). Roosters showed a significant increase in serum testosterone, sperm viability, sperm concentration, and testicular score in the AHP group compared with the HPB group. Pb exposure caused a remarkable increase in sperm abnormality and testicular malondialdehyde level, which were down-regulated by ALA supplementation (p < 0.05). RNA sequencing identified 227 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the HPB and CON groups and 220 DEGs between the HPB and AHP groups. (4) Conclusions: ALA supplementation mitigated Pb-induced testicular damage, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for Pb toxicity in birds and potentially other species.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecological Risk Assessment and Source Identification of Potential Toxic Elements in Farmland Soil of Nanyang Basin, China. 南阳盆地农田土壤潜在有毒元素生态风险评价及来源识别

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.3390/toxics13050342

Weichun He, Xiaowei Fei, Hao Guo, Guangyu Zhang, Mengzhen Li, Yuling Jiang

{"title":"Ecological Risk Assessment and Source Identification of Potential Toxic Elements in Farmland Soil of Nanyang Basin, China.","authors":"Weichun He, Xiaowei Fei, Hao Guo, Guangyu Zhang, Mengzhen Li, Yuling Jiang","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050342","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050342","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated spatial distribution features and ecological risks of eight potential toxic elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, and Hg) in surface soil samples (0-20 cm) collected from farmland in the Nanyang Basin, China. This research also aimed to analyze the sources of these elements. Its findings revealed that the mean contents of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Cd, and Hg were 54.35, 26.57, 25.20, 82.09, 22.17, 8.27, 0.17, and 0.13 mg·kg-1, respectively, all of which were lower than their corresponding risk screening values. However, the mean contents of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg exceeded the background values of Henan Province. Spatial distribution analysis revealed that Cr and Ni exhibited similar patterns, with high contents primarily observed in the western part of the research area. Generally speaking, Cu, Zn, and Pb contents were higher in the south and lower in the north, whereas Hg, As, and Cd displayed a scattered distribution of high-value areas. Ecological risk assessment indicated that Hg and Cd posed relatively high risks, with their comprehensive ecological risk indexes (RIs) predominantly classified as moderate. Source identification suggested that As primarily originates from agriculture, Cd from industry sources, Hg from coal combustion, and the remaining elements from mixed sources, including parent material, transportation, and agriculture.","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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