Toxics最新文献

{"title":"Health Risk for Non-Dietary Children's Exposure to Heavy Metals in Postindustrial Areas in Upper Silesia, Poland.","authors":"Grzegorz Dziubanek, Joanna Furman, Danuta Rogala, Klaudia Gut-Pietrasz, Małgorzata Ćwieląg-Drabek, Monika Rusin, Joanna Domagalska, Agata Piekut, Renata Baranowska, Anna Niesler, Weronika Osmala-Kurpiewska","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050377","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metal exposure is a significant public health problem, especially among children, who are a particularly vulnerable group. This study investigates the non-dietary exposure of children to lead, cadmium, and zinc and the associated health risk in three selected locations near the former non-ferrous metal smelters. Soil samples were collected from schools, parks, playgrounds, and other recreational places where children spend their free time in three districts of such towns as Katowice, Świętochłowice, and Piekary Śląskie. The contents of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the surface soil samples had the following ranges: 4.09-20.94 mg Cd/kg d.m., 161.70-1027.68 mg Pb/kg d.m., and 577.76-1475.93 mg Zn/kg d.m., respectively. The threshold doses of Cd, Zn, and Pb are 0.001 mg × kg^-1 × day^-1, 0.3 mg × kg^-1 × day^-1, and 0.0035 mg × kg^-1 × day^-1. A significant health risk was estimated as a result of non-dietary exposure of children to lead. The greatest non-cancer health risk in the population of children <6 years of age and in younger school children (<12 years of age) was shown. The problem was especially concerning in the scenario that assumed ingestion of soil particles in the areas most heavily contaminated with lead in the Katowice-Szopienice district. The public health policy should aim to monitor the current exposure of the local population to Pb and educate them on effective prophylactic methods to minimize environmental health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence and Recovery of Polystyrene and Polymethyl Methacrylate Microplastic Toxicity on Diatoms.","authors":"Chongchong Meng, Huijie Yang, Yuan Du, Xiaokang Li","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050376","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing pollution of polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microplastics (MPs) has become a global marine environmental problem. Diatoms contribute nearly 40% of marine primary productivity and shape the nitrogen cycle in the oceans. However, the persistence of the phytotoxicity of MPs on diatoms, especially nitrogen assimilation, remains largely unknown. To examine the persistence of PS and PMMA toxicity in diatoms, two subexperiments (a 96 h exposure followed by a recovery phase) were conducted on <i>Thalassiosira pseudonana</i> at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1 mg/L. The results showed that PS and PMMA inhibited algal growth by 3.76-6.49% and 4.44-8.37%; increased oxidative stress by 10.06-30.51% and 30.46-38.12%; and caused ultrastructural damage by 14.24-25.56% and 12.28-20%, respectively, consistent with the downregulation of glyoxylate, dicarboxylate metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. At the recovery stage, the algal density induced by PS was significantly recoverable at 0.001 and 0.01 mg/L, consistent with the enhanced carbohydrate metabolisms. After recovery, the cell permeability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels induced by PS and PMMA were significantly decreased at 1 mg/L, respectively, which was closely related to the downregulation of glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism and the upregulation of pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis. Moreover, the inhibition of nitrogen assimilation enzymic activities induced by PS and PMMA was significantly recovered at 1 mg/L despite the downregulation of nitrogen metabolism. This study highlights the phenomena and mechanisms of phytotoxicity and recovery, and provides new insights for comprehensive understanding and evaluation of environmental risks of MPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Pesticide Exposure on High-Frequency Auditory Thresholds and Cochlear Function in Young People Residing near Agricultural Areas.","authors":"Felipe Munoz, Cristian Aedo-Sanchez, Felipe Paredes-Aravena, Enzo Aguilar-Vidal, Pedro Jilberto-Vergara, Gonzalo Terreros","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050375","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pesticide exposure poses a significant health risk, with emerging evidence suggesting its impact on auditory function. This study investigated the effects of pesticide exposure on hearing in young rural residents living near agricultural areas in Chile's O'Higgins Region. We evaluated 51 participants (31 exposed, 20 unexposed) aged 18-35 years, using comprehensive audiological assessments including high-frequency audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABR). Participants were classified based on residential proximity to agricultural areas, with exposed individuals living around 400 m or less from monoculture fields. Results revealed significant differences in high-frequency hearing thresholds (14 and 16 kHz) in exposed individuals. The exposed group showed a higher number of absent DPOAEs and reduced ABR wave V amplitude in the right ear compared to the unexposed group. Additionally, the wave V/I ratio was significantly lower in exposed individuals. These findings suggest that pesticide exposure, even without direct occupational contact, may induce measurable changes in auditory function, particularly affecting high-frequency hearing and neural responses. These results emphasize the need for enhanced monitoring and protective measures for populations residing near agricultural areas where pesticides are extensively used.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoplastics Elicit Stage-Specific Physiological, Biochemical, and Gut Microbiome Responses in a Freshwater Mussel.","authors":"Yangli Chi, Hui Zhang, Jian Gao, Liang Wan, Yiying Jiao, Heyun Wang, Mingjun Liao, Ross N Cuthbert","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050374","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mussels are highly efficient filter feeders, playing a crucial role in managing eutrophication and assessing pollution. Although research on nanoplastic (NP) toxicity in marine organisms is expanding, studies on freshwater species remain limited despite freshwater ecosystems being disproportionately biodiverse and vulnerable to pollutants. Here, we quantified the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs, 50 nm) at concentrations of 0, 2, 20, and 200 μg/L on different growth stages of the freshwater mussel <i>Cristaria plicata</i>. After a 45-day exposure, PS-NPs at concentrations ≥ 20 μg/L damaged intestinal epithelial cilia in both age groups. Exposure to 200 μg/L PS-NPs significantly increased malondialdehyde levels and decreased superoxide dismutase activity in both groups, with adults showing a significant rise in total protein content and juveniles exhibiting marked increases in respiratory and ammonia excretion rates. Additionally, PS-NP exposure significantly altered the relative abundance of gut microbial phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobiota, and Bacteroidota, with Fusobacteriota also being affected in adults. Juveniles were more sensitive to physiological changes, whereas adults exhibited greater microbiota shifts in response to PS-NP exposure. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the stage-specific effects of PS-NPs on intestinal integrity and physiological and biochemical health in freshwater mussels, underscoring the need for targeted management strategies to protect freshwater ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leachate from Weathered Face Masks Increases DNA Damage to Sperm of Sand Dollars <i>Scaphechinus mirabilis</i>.","authors":"Victor Pavlovich Chelomin, Andrey Alexandrovich Mazur, Valentina Vladimirovna Slobodskova, Nadezhda Vladimirovna Dovzhenko, Sergey Petrovich Kukla","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050372","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the problem of environmental contamination of disposable personal protective equipment, in particular face masks (FMs). As a result of environmental factors, FMs undergo aging and fragmentation processes and become a source of microplastics (MPs) and chemical additives. Taking into account the scale of accumulation of used FMs and their fragments in the coastal zone, it should be expected that the most appreciable ecotoxicological consequences should be observed in hydrobionts inhabiting coastal ecosystems. Based on this, the aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of leachates from pristine and weathered FMs using sperm of sand dollars <i>Scaphechinus mirabilis</i>. In our work, we used pristine and weathered FMs, which for 200 days were kept in the external environment under natural conditions and exposed to a complex of climatic factors. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the chemical changes that occurred in the polymer structure of FMs during this period. It follows from the results obtained that leachates from pristine and weathered FMs reduced sperm viability; stimulated the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, such as malondialdehyde (MDA); and significantly increased the destruction of DNA molecules, showing a genotoxic effect. Overall, our results complement the limited experimental data presented, indicating the genotoxic properties of face mask extracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glyphosate Exposure, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Mortality Risk in US Adults: Insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Yu-Wei Fang, Hsuan-Cheng Lin, Chikang Wang, Chien-Yu Lin","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050373","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050373","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Purpose:&lt;/b&gt; Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are widely used across the globe. Experimental research indicates that these herbicides may elevate oxidative stress and impair mitochondrial function. However, the relationship between glyphosate exposure, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function remains poorly characterized in epidemiological studies. In particular, the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function biomarkers in mediating the mortality risk associated with glyphosate exposure in nationally representative populations is not well understood. &lt;b&gt;Approach and Results:&lt;/b&gt; In this study, we utilized data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), encompassing 1464 participants aged 18 years and older. This dataset was linked to mortality records from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), with follow-up data extending through 2019. The primary objective was to examine the associations between urinary glyphosate levels and biomarkers of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function-specifically pyrazino-s-triazine derivative of 4-α-hydroxy-5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (MeFox) and methylmalonic acid (MMA)-and to evaluate the role of these biomarkers in influencing glyphosate-related mortality outcomes. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Urinary glyphosate levels were positively associated with serum MMA and MeFox in weighted multiple linear regression models. For MMA, glyphosate showed significant positive associations in both adjusted models (Model 2: β = 0.061, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001). Similarly, urinary glyphosate was strongly associated with MeFox in all models (Model 2: β = 0.215, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). During a median follow-up of 69.57 months, 116 deaths occurred, including 44 from cardiovascular causes. Glyphosate was not significantly associated with all-cause or cardiovascular mortality in the overall population. However, subgroup analysis revealed significant associations in individuals with higher MeFox levels (≥50th percentile) for all-cause mortality (HR = 1.395, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.027) and borderline associations for cardiovascular mortality (HR = 1.367, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.051). When adjusted for MMA, glyphosate was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality in participants with MMA levels below the 50th percentile (HR = 2.679, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), with a significant interaction between glyphosate and MMA for all-cause (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002) and cardiovascular mortality (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.038). &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; In this comprehensive analysis of NHANES data, urinary glyphosate levels were associated with biomarkers of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. While no overall mortality associations were observed, glyphosate exposure was linked to increased all-cause mortality in subgroups with lower MMA or higher MeFox levels. These findings highlight the role of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in glyphosate-related health risks and the need for further research to i","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating Effects of L-Arginine and <i>Tribulus terrestris</i> Extract on Fipronil-Induced Interference in the Male Reproductive System of Rats: Antioxidant Potential, Androgen Receptors, and Nitric Oxide Synthase Interplay.","authors":"Doaa H Elsayed, Ahmed A Bakhashwain, Eman A Ahmed, Hatim A Al-Abbadi, Heba M A Abdelrazek, Menna Allah I El-Menyawy, Wafaa K Teleb, Noran M Tawfik, Ibrahim E Helal, Heba N Gad El-Hak","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050371","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The protective potentials of <i>Tribulus terrestris</i> (TT) and L-arginine (L-Arg) against reproductive toxicity induced by fipronil (FPN) in male rats were investigated. A total of 36 male rats were allocated into six groups: control, TT, L-Arg, FPN, FPN + TT, and FPN + L-Arg groups. The body and sex organ weights, semen criteria, serum testosterone levels, and testicular oxidative stress were determined. Sexual behavior, testicular and penile androgen receptor (AR), penile nitric oxide synthase (NOS), immunohistochemistry of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and histopathology were also assessed. FPN disrupted reproductive health by influencing the expression and activity of NOS and AR, leading to compromised erectile function, sexual dysfunction, and hormonal imbalance. Significant improvements in body weight, reproductive organ weights, the expression of NOS and AR, and testosterone levels were observed in the TT- and L-Arg-treated groups. Behavioral assessments indicated improved sexual performance in the TT- and L-Arg-treated groups. Histopathological studies of the testes and penis tissue, immunohistochemical expression of PCNA in testicular tissues, and biochemical analyses further confirmed the protective effects of TT and L-Arg. Collectively, these findings highlighted the potential of TT and L-Arg in counteracting FPN-induced reproductive impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) Fine Residues on Landfill Environments: A Column Leaching Experiment.","authors":"Adane S Molla, Waiching Tang, Willy Sher, Md Mezbaul Bahar, Dawit Nega Bekele","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050370","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid increase in construction and demolition waste (C&DW) has emerged as a significant environmental challenge, particularly due to the hazardous substances embodied within the fine residues destined into landfills. The disposal of C&DW in landfills has been widely recognized as a source of leachate, containing toxic contaminants, which pose significant environmental risks. A controlled column leaching experiment was conducted using samples with varying proportions of C&DW, gypsum, and organic content to assess their impact on leachate chemistry. The results indicate that higher C&DW content leads to increased concentrations of heavy metals, such as Pb, Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Co, as well as other metals like Al and Fe, with peak contamination occurring within the first 13-15 weeks. Gypsum presence exacerbates heavy metal solubility by reducing pH, increasing sulfate levels, and promoting metal-sulfate complex formation. Despite remaining within regulatory thresholds, the cumulative concentration of toxic metals over time highlights potential environmental risks, particularly in landfill settings. This study underscores the need for improved C&DW management practices, enhanced waste segregation, and sustainable alternatives to gypsum to mitigate long-term ecological impacts. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of C&DW leachate dynamics and inform policy recommendations for sustainable waste management in the construction sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Neonicotinoids in Colostrum from Shanghai, China (2007-2019): Concentration Levels, Temporal Trends, and Potential Health Risk.","authors":"Kexin Li, Minghui Fu, Bingli Lei, Xiuhua Shen, Xinyu Zhang, Jun Xu, Xiaolan Zhang","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050366","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are widely used neuroactive insecticides with several adverse effects on human health. This study examined 186 colostrum samples collected at three time points between 2007 and 2019 from Shanghai, China to investigate the distribution and temporal variations of NEOs. The median total concentration (ΣNEOs) was 136 ng/L, with the imidacloprid equivalent concentration (IMIeq) of 249 ng/L. N-desmethyl-acetamiprid (DM-ACE) had the highest median level at 49.6 ng/L, accounting for 43.9% of ΣNEOs, followed by imidacloprid (IMI) (20.1 ng/L and 22.1%). Thiamethoxam (THM), clothianidin, and acetamiprid were also identified as important parent compounds (p-NEOs). Temporal variations suggested a decrease in ΣNEOs, IMIeq, and DM-ACE concentrations from 2013 to 2019; however, the total concentrations of p-NEOs remained comparable. Distinct trends were also observed in the concentrations of dinotefuran and IMI. Maternal body mass index and weight changes, which reflect the dietary habits of mothers, appeared to influence IMI and THM levels. No statistically significant relationships were found between colostrum concentrations and birth parameters using full-term birth data in 2019. The estimated hazard quotients (≤0.003), which were far below the risk threshold of 1, generally indicated negligible health risks for breastfeeding neonates. Nevertheless, the substantial contribution from several p-NEOs warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlordane-Induced Neurotoxicosis in Urban and Suburban Detroit, Michigan Striped Skunks (<i>Mephitis mephitis</i>).","authors":"Rachel Sheffler, Birgit Puschner, Julie Melotti, Scott D Fitzgerald, John P Buchweitz","doi":"10.3390/toxics13050367","DOIUrl":"10.3390/toxics13050367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the ban of technical chlordane, contamination from this persistent organic pollutant has threatened wildlife and human health nearly forty years since its last application. The purpose of this study is to highlight the need for more systemic, broad-scale research efforts to monitor technical chlordane in wildlife sentinel species in urban settings to understand the nature and extent of pesticide pollution and mitigate risk associated with exposure to these compounds. This study presents an unusual finding of neurotoxicosis and elevated chlordane metabolite concentrations in Michigan striped skunks in the absence of other viral or toxic etiologies. In this study, eight of seventeen skunks displaying illness and neurologic signs had brain tissue concentrations of combined oxychlordane, heptachlor epoxide, and trans-nonachlor exceeding the 1000 ng/g wet weight diagnostic threshold for toxicosis. Liver tissue concentrations were ten-fold greater than those of the brain when measured on a lipid weight basis, which can help predict lethal brain residues in skunks. The ongoing presence of chlordane in the environment is expected to cause further unintended consequences for wildlife across the Detroit Metropolitan Area for decades to come. Together, veterinary toxicologists, wildlife biologists, environmental toxicologists, ecologists, and policy makers must utilize a One Health transdisciplinary approach and continue to evaluate the long-term effects of chlordane exposure. As with other pollutants in the River Rouge and River Raisin Areas of Concern, the presence of chlordane in the urban environment presents a significant risk for animal, human, and ecological health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23195,"journal":{"name":"Toxics","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}