Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique最新文献

{"title":"Intoxications related to bromide use: A retrospective study (2000–2022) from French West Poison Control Center","authors":"Benedicte Lelievre ,&nbsp;Marie Deguigne","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic bromide intoxication is rare.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Here we report cases of bromide intoxication documented or not with increased bromide concentrations in biological samples, recorded by the French West Poison Control Center.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A query on the national toxicovigilance (SICAP) database covering from 2000 to 2022 has been performed. Bromide concentrations were determined in blood and urine samples using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after 1/40 fold dilution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight cases have been identified. The sex ratio was 3 men/5 women, the median age was 52 years old. The origin of intoxication was identified and included a prescribed drug (bromogalactogluconate calcium) (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->7) and potassium bromide (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1). A pseudo-hyperchloremia was observed in 6 patients. The typical clinical picture associated cognitive impairment, confusion, balance disorders, drowsiness, and in some cases skin rash. The plasma bromide concentrations at admission ranged from 90<!--> <!-->mg/L to more than 2120<!--> <!-->mg/L. After arrest of the exposition to the drug and saline hydration, all patients had a positive outcome, without sequelae after their discharge from the hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and relevance</h3><div>Bromide intoxication remains rare but the occurrence of pseudo-hyperchloremia, negative ion gap and clinical signs such as neurological disorders should lead to investigate the assumption of this type of intoxication. Bromide, included in the composition of some over the counter medications, should be taken with precaution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 40-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147416502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal exposure profiles to bisphenols and their correlation with levels of reproductive hormones in parturient women living in Algiers","authors":"Abderrezak Khelfi ,&nbsp;Hind Bouraib ,&nbsp;Lilya Bouras ,&nbsp;Kahina Aksas ,&nbsp;Mohamed Makrelouf ,&nbsp;Hala Boutrid ,&nbsp;Mohamed Azzouz","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Bisphenols are ubiquitous endocrine disruptors, which are suspected of being responsible for the disruption of various physiological functions. However, their effect on the perinatal period remains poorly understood despite the importance of this stage of development.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The main objective of this work was to evaluate the profile of fetal exposure to three types of bisphenols. The second objective was to study the possible associations between hormone and bisphenols levels and to examine the link between these disruptors and potential sources of exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>One hundred and fifty-four mother-newborn pairs were selected and cord blood samples were collected. The evaluation of six hormones (FSH, LH, Testosterone, Estradiol, Progesterone, and Prolactin) was conducted on these samples, as well as the determination of three types of bisphenols (BPA, BPS, and BPF).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The percentages of bisphenols found in umbilical blood samples were 92.8%, 65.5%, and 57.8% for BPA, BPS, and BPF. The average concentrations were 2.456<!--> <!-->ng/mL for BPA, 0.646<!--> <!-->ng/mL for BPS, and 0.660<!--> <!-->ng/mL for BPF. Positive associations were found between the concentration of estradiol and the levels of the three types of bisphenols. Besides, a positive association was found between the concentrations of prolactin and BPA. As far as the sources of exposure are concerned, no significant association could be established.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The obtained results suggest potential endocrine-related effects of bisphenols. Additional studies, including experimental and longitudinal designs, are needed to confirm these associations and clarify causal relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 79-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal systemic toxicity following oral and topical use of Ammi visnaga: A case report","authors":"Imane Iken ,&nbsp;Karim Lakhdar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Amine El Hasnaoui ,&nbsp;Houda Sefiani ,&nbsp;Driss Soussi Tanani ,&nbsp;Hicham Sbai","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Ammi visnaga</em> (syn. <em>Visnaga daucoides</em>), widely used in traditional Mediterranean medicine, contains furochromones such as khellin and visnagin known for their vasodilatory, antispasmodic, and photosensitizing properties. While topical applications are more common in ethnomedicine, data on oral toxicity in humans remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>We report the case of a 21-year-old female with vitiligo who self-administered oral and topical <em>Ammi visnaga</em> powder daily for four months, following recommendations found on social media. She presented with cholestatic jaundice, metabolic acidosis, acute kidney injury, and hepatic dysfunction. Despite intensive care measures, including extracorporeal elimination, N-acetylcysteine, corticosteroids, and vasopressor support the outcome was fatal three days after admission.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The clinical presentation is consistent with the known redox activity of khellin and visnagin, which can induce oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hepatorenal toxicity at high doses. To our knowledge, this is one of the first documented human cases of acute fatal toxicity following oral ingestion of <em>Ammi visnaga</em>. It illustrates the dangers of unsupervised herbal medicine use, particularly when guided by unverified online information.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case underscores the need for increased awareness regarding the safe use of medicinal plants and the importance of phytovigilance. It also highlights the potentially severe consequences of self-medication practices based on social media trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 125-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing physicians’ perspectives on determinants of endoscopy decisions in children exposed to non-pharmacological corrosive agents: Insights from poison control center","authors":"Asmaa Fady Sharif ,&nbsp;Nawaf Abdulrahman Alrakan ,&nbsp;Talal Abeid Alamri ,&nbsp;Yousef Hisham Alansari ,&nbsp;Osama Abeid Alamri ,&nbsp;Naif Salah Al Mulhem ,&nbsp;Abeer Jaber Mohamed ,&nbsp;Khalid A. Al-Mulhim ,&nbsp;Zahraa Khalifa Sobh","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Endoscopy is the gold standard for assessing injuries after corrosive ingestion. Currently, there are no evidence-based protocols regulating the requirement for endoscopy. Thus, this study described clinicians’ current practices in managing children exposed to corrosive agents by identifying the factors associated with requesting endoscopy and confirming which are typically associated with gastrointestinal damage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 129 pediatric patients exposed to corrosive agents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Endoscopy was performed in 11.6% of cases. It was observed that 47.7% of those who underwent endoscopy showed positive findings. Children exposed to sulfuric acid and drain cleaners had higher chances of undergoing endoscopy. The initial presentation with drooling, dysphagia/pain, cough, shortness of breath, stridor, and redness and blisters around the mouth/lips was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of requesting an endoscopy (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.05). Patients who underwent endoscopy had significantl lower oxygen saturation (<em>P</em>&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), higher respiratory rates (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), and significantly lower pH, bicarbonate levels, and elevated glucose, electrolytes, bilirubin, creatinine, and leucocytic counts. Exposed patients who underwent endoscopy needed extended hospitalization (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001). With odds ratios of 34.667, 28.0, and 25.778, drooling, dysphagia/pain, and abnormal findings in chest X-ray were the best predictors of positive findings in endoscopy, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While we highlight some factors prioritizing the decision of endoscopy by clinicians, this study points to the significant role of drooling, dysphagia/pain, and abnormal findings in chest X-ray in supporting this decision. Clinical triage tools based on these predictors may help allocate care efficiently in low-resource settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"38 1","pages":"Pages 65-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147416505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pas de transfert d’anabolisants stéroïdiens entre les cheveux de 2 partenaires intimes dont l’un est un consommateur excessif","authors":"Pascal Kintz ,&nbsp;Laurie Gheddar","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"37 4","pages":"Pages 405-407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mésusage et risque d’intoxication involontaire par l’acétaminophène dans un contexte d’automédication chez la patientèle des pharmacies privées dans le District d’Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"Aïssata Diakite ,&nbsp;Kadio Jean-Jacques Olivier Kadio ,&nbsp;Grace Bahi-Ottangba ,&nbsp;César Pacôme Bekegnran","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;L’acétaminophène est l’antalgique-antipyrétique le plus consommé en Côte d’Ivoire. Il offre un rapport bénéfice-risque très favorable lorsqu’il est administré à la dose thérapeutique, tendant ainsi à banaliser son utilisation. Cependant, une consommation excessive peut entraîner une hépatotoxicité sévère et de très mauvais pronostic. L’objectif de notre étude était d’évaluer la connaissance, le mésusage et le risque de surdosage non intentionnel chez des usagers prenant de l’acétaminophène en automédication à Abidjan.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nous avons réalisé une enquête transversale auprès de la patientèle qui achetait de l’acétaminophène sans prescription dans 26 pharmacies réparties dans 9 communes d’Abidjan d’avril à juillet 2022. Un questionnaire a été administré aux participants en vue de mesurer, à partir de différents scores, la bonne connaissance (score 1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;≥&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;6/9), le mésusage (score 2&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;3/5) et le risque de surdosage non intentionnel (score 3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;≤&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;3/4). Un modèle de régression logistique multivarié a permis d’identifier, chez les participants de l’étude, les facteurs indépendamment associés au surdosage non intentionnel à l’acétaminophène.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Au total, 514 sujets ont participé à l’enquête parmi lesquels seulement 8,36 % avait un niveau de connaissance suffisant sur l’acétaminophène. Les mauvais usagers de l’acétaminophène représentaient 62 % des enquêtés avec 37 % qui ne respectaient pas la dose maximale recommandée de 4&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;g par jour, et les répondants potentiellement en situation de surdosage involontaire représentaient 67 % des enquêtés. Les facteurs de risque associés au surdosage était la mauvaise connaissance (OR&lt;sub&gt;ajusté&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;3,6, IC&lt;sub&gt;95 %&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;[1,32–11,5]), le mésusage (OR&lt;sub&gt;ajusté&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;95, IC&lt;sub&gt;95 %&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;[47,0–212]). La parentalité était un facteur protecteur (OR&lt;sub&gt;ajusté&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0,22, IC&lt;sub&gt;95 %&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;[0,11–0,43]).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Nos résultats interpellent les pharmaciens sur le devoir d’information lors de la dispensation du médicament et le rôle qu’ils doivent jouer auprès des patients pour un usage sécurisé de l’acétaminophène acheté sans prescription.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Acetaminophen is the best-selling analgesic-antipyretic drug in Côte d’Ivoire. It has an excellent risk-benefit ratio when taken at the recommended therapeutic dose, which tend to trivialize its use. However, an overdose of Acetaminophen can lead to serious and life-threatening hepatotoxicity. The aim of our study was to assess knowledge, misuse and the risk of unintentional overdose in users taking Acetaminophen for self-medication in Abidjan.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We conducted a cross-sectional study including patients who purchased Ac","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"37 4","pages":"Pages 483-492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administration cachée de mifépristone à une femme enceinte par le partenaire dans un but abortif","authors":"Christophe Maruejouls ,&nbsp;Frédéric Aknouche ,&nbsp;Laurie Gheddar ,&nbsp;Pascal Kintz","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectif&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;La mifépristone (RU-486), dérivé synthétique de stéroïde, est un antagoniste des récepteurs de la progestérone. Vendue en France sous la dénomination Mifegyne™ (comprimé dosé à 200&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg), la mifépristone est proposée dans l’interruption thérapeutique de la grossesse, en haut dosage (600&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg), parfois associée au misoprostol (400 à 600&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg), un analogue de la prostaglandine. La délivrance de la mifépristone est encadrée et nécessite une prescription médicale. Les auteurs rapportent une administration cachée de mifépristone par un partenaire masculin, ne souhaitant pas d’enfant, à une femme enceinte de 5 semaines. Cette dernière fait une fausse couche à domicile 2 ou 3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;jours après avoir bu des bières sans alcool offertes par son compagnon. Après avoir découvert que son partenaire avait effectué des recherches sur son ordinateur sur la façon de procéder médicalement à une interruption de grossesse, la femme va porter plainte à la gendarmerie.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Matériel et méthode&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Une mèche de cheveux foncés, de 12&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm, est prélevée 7 à 8 semaines après les faits. La mifépristone a été recherchée par chromatographie en phase liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse en tandem après décontamination, segmentation et incubation dans du méthanol pendant une nuit.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats et discussion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Dans le segment 0 à 3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm (correspondant à la période des faits), il a été retrouvé de la mifépristone dosée approximativement à 0,8&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;pg/mg (concentration inférieure à la limite de quantification qui est à 1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;pg/mg). Cette caractérisation constitue une preuve biologique déterminante pour démontrer une exposition cachée d’une substance nuisible ayant porté atteinte à l’intégrité physique de la femme enceinte.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cette infraction est réprimée par l’article 222-15 du Code pénal, modifié par la loi n&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; 2007-297 du 5 mars 2007.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Aim&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Mifepristone (RU-486), synthetic steroid, is a progesterone receptors antagonist. In France, mifepristone is available in 200&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg tablets (Mifegyne ™) and is proposed in case of therapeutic pregnancy termination at high doses (600&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg), sometimes in association with misoprostol (400 to 600&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg), a prostaglandine-like substance. Prescription of mifepristone is regulated and delivery in pharmacies requires a medical receipt. The authors report a hidden administration of mifepristone by a male partner who did not want a child to a 5 weeks pregnant woman. She expelled the products of conception 2 to 3 days after having drunk non-alcoholic beers offered by her partner. Having identified on her computer used by the partner specific search for chemical abortion, she went to the gendarmerie to report the crime.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Material and method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A bundle of brown hair, measuring 12&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;cm, was coll","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"37 4","pages":"Pages 422-426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Citrullus colocynthis L. poisoning in a pregnant woman: About a case","authors":"Imane Iken ,&nbsp;Ounci Es-saad ,&nbsp;Karim Lakhdar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Amine El Hasnaoui ,&nbsp;Rajae Alkouh ,&nbsp;Hanae Mouhajir ,&nbsp;Driss Soussi Tanani ,&nbsp;Smail Labib","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poisoning by <em>Citrullus colocynthis</em> L., a plant known for its purgative and abortive properties, constitutes a medical emergency that can lead to severe digestive and systemic complications.</div><div>We report the case of a 32-year-old woman, six weeks pregnant, who was admitted with bloody diarrhea after ingesting a decoction made from <em>Citrullus colocynthis</em><span> L. Her condition evolved with moderate hepatic cytolysis and intestinal inflammation, requiring symptomatic management and intensive monitoring. This case highlights the potential toxicity of this plant and underscores the importance of raising awareness about the risks associated with its traditional use.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"37 4","pages":"Pages 408-411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autopsies judiciaires et expertises toxicologiques complémentaires : état des lieux des pratiques sur le ressort de la cour d’appel de Montpellier (France)","authors":"L. Leveque ,&nbsp;O. Mathieu ,&nbsp;E. Baccino ,&nbsp;P.A. Peyron","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;La réalisation d’expertises complémentaires (toxicologie, anatomopathologie) n’est pas systématiques à l’issue des autopsies judiciaires en France. Une précédente étude montpelliéraine a mis en évidence un recours trois fois plus fréquent à l’expertise toxicologique qu’anatomopathologique. Ce travail a ainsi eu pour objectifs d’identifier les facteurs susceptibles d’influencer la recommandation d’une expertise toxicologique par le médecin légiste, puis la décision de sa réalisation par le magistrat, et d’évaluer l’apport médicolégal de ce type d’expertise.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Matériels et méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Une analyse rétrospective des dossiers d’autopsies judiciaires effectuées en 2022 à l’institut médicolégal du CHU de Montpellier (France) a été réalisée. Des données pré-autopsiques, autopsiques et post-autopsiques ont été recueillies et analysées. Un score de contribution toxicologique a été utilisé afin d’évaluer l’apport global de l’analyse toxicologique dans ce contexte.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;L’expertise toxicologique était recommandée dans 78,4 % des autopsies réalisées durant la période d’étude (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;593). Ces recommandations privilégiaient le mode de décès indéterminé et suicidaire. Le taux de suivi des recommandations était de 49 %, variant entre 33 % et 69 % selon le tribunal. Le respect des recommandations par le magistrat s’effectuait indépendamment du caractère initialement déterminé ou indéterminé de la cause et du mode de décès. Le magistrat privilégiait la réalisation d’une expertise toxicologique lorsque le décès était a priori d’origine toxique (72,3 %) et la limitait dans les décès par arme à feu (24,4 %). Le magistrat privilégiait les homicides aux modes naturel et suicidaire. L’expertise toxicologique a mis en évidence la présence d’au moins un xénobiotique dans 65,6 % des cas et a modifié la cause et/ou le mode de décès dans 12,7 % des cas.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Alors que les médecins légistes recommandent largement la réalisation d’une expertise toxicologique, pour une utilité parfois discutable au vu de sa contribution dans certains contextes, les magistrats décident de ne suivre ces recommandations que dans la moitié des cas. Cette discordance s’explique essentiellement par des attentes différentes et par des enjeux économiques.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ancillary investigations such as histology and toxicology are not systematically performed after forensic autopsies in France. A previous study in Montpellier, France, revealed that toxicology was carried out three times more frequently than histology. This work aimed to identify the factors influencing the medical examiner's recommendation of a toxicological analysis, the magistrate's decision to carry it out, and to assess the medico-legal contribution of this expertise.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Materials and methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A retrospective analysis of the forensic auto","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"37 4","pages":"Pages 447-463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyse et évaluation du risque sanitaire lié à la présence d’arsenic dans le riz commercialisé à Dakar","authors":"Tidiane Diarra ,&nbsp;Fatoumata Bah ,&nbsp;Mouhamadou Lamine Daffé ,&nbsp;Robert Faomowe Foko ,&nbsp;Tidiane Diallo ,&nbsp;Absa Lam ,&nbsp;Cheikh Diop ,&nbsp;Aminata Touré ,&nbsp;Mathilde Cabral ,&nbsp;Mamadou Fall","doi":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxac.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;La consommation de riz au Sénégal représente en moyenne 77 % de la consommation céréalière. Le riz est fortement impliqué dans l’exposition alimentaire à l’arsenic inorganique. Nous avons mené une étude transversale, de janvier à mai 2022, à visée analytique basée sur le schéma standard d’évaluation des risques proposé par le Codex Alimentarius. Après minéralisation humide, nos 56 échantillons ayant donné 14 échantillons composites de riz (blanc et brun) prélevés dans trois marchés de Dakar (Tilène, Castor et Grand Dakar) ont été analysés au laboratoire de toxicologie et d’hydrologie (LTH) de la faculté de médecine de pharmacie et odontologie (FMPO) de l’université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD) par la technique de spectrometrie d’absorption atomique par générateur d’hydrure (SAA-GH). La teneur moyenne en arsenic inorganique (0,6834&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/g ; 0,7779&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/g et 0,8617&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/g respectivement pour le riz parfumé, non parfumé et local) dans les échantillons analysés dépassait la norme du Codex Alimentarius, qui est de 0,3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg. La valeur de l’apport journalier en arsenic (2,1283&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/kg/j ; 2,4226&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/kg/j et 2,6836&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/kg/j respectivement pour le riz parfumé, non parfumé et local) s’avère élevée par rapport à la valeur toxicologique de référence proposée par US-EPA : 0,3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/kg de poids corporel par jour (pc/j). Le calcul du quotient de danger (QD) ainsi que l’excès du risque individuel (ERI) sont supérieurs aux valeurs seuil. Ce qui suggère que la consommation de riz commercialisée à Dakar à raison de 218&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;g/jour par un adulte de 70 kg peut être associée à un risque sanitaire potentiel.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Rice consumption in Senegal represents on average 77% of cereal consumption. Rice is strongly involved in dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic. We conducted a cross-sectional study, from January to May 2022, with analytical aims based on the standard risk assessment scheme proposed by the Codex Alimentarius. After wet mineralization, our 56 samples, which were composed by 14 composite samples of rice (white and brown) collected from three markets in Dakar (Tilène, Castor and Grand Dakar), were analyzed at the Laboratory of Toxicology and Hydrology (LTH) of the Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology (FMPO) of the Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar (UCAD) using the Hydrid Generator Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (SAA-GH) technique. The average inorganic arsenic content (0.6834&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/g; 0.7779&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/g and 0.8617&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/g for fragrant, non-fragrant and local rice respectively) in the analyzed samples exceeded the Codex Alimentarius standard of 0.3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg. The daily intake value of arsenic (2.1283&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/kg/d; 2.4226&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/kg/d and 2.6836&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/kg/d for fragrant, non-fragrant and local rice respectively) was found to be high compared to the Toxicological Reference Value proposed by US-EPA: 0.3&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;μg/","PeriodicalId":23170,"journal":{"name":"Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique","volume":"37 4","pages":"Pages 464-470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145546906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}