{"title":"Efficiency Boost in Highly Flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se2 Solar Cells on Mica by One-Step Sputtering with Rear-Side Modification","authors":"Maliya Syabriyana, Yung-Hsun Chen, Hsin-Fang Chang, Duc-Chau Nguyen, De-Shiang Liou, Ying-Hao Chu, Tzu-Ying Lin, Chih-Huang Lai","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500333","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a novel approach for developing flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> (CIGS) solar cells on mica substrates. Leveraging mica's chemical inertness and high-temperature resistance, we employ a one-step sputtering deposition process to enable efficient solar cell fabrication. A strategically integrated 50 nm titanium nitride (TiN) layer serves as both an adhesion promoter and a critical enhancer of Mo crystallinity, promoting CIGS grain growth and significantly enhancing device efficiency. With the TiN layer, the device achieves 13.5% efficiency, representing a 2.7% point improvement over the reference sample. The rear-side modification using a TiN buffer layer enhances device performance by improving film adhesion to mica, increasing back electrode conductivity, promoting defect passivation through increased crystallinity and grain size, and lowering the backside barrier height. Mechanical stability tests confirm the exceptional resilience of CIGS solar cells on mica, retaining approximately 98% of their initial efficiency after 3000 bending cycles at a 5 mm curvature radius. This robustness is attributed to mica's distinctive layered structure with weak van der Waals bonding. These findings highlight the potential of mica substrates to advance flexible photovoltaics by overcoming limitations of metal or polymer-based substrates. Offering superior thermal stability and mechanical durability, mica paves the way for next-generation wearable solar technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficiency Boost in Highly Flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se2 Solar Cells on Mica by One-Step Sputtering with Rear-Side Modification","authors":"Maliya Syabriyana, Yung-Hsun Chen, Hsin-Fang Chang, Duc-Chau Nguyen, De-Shiang Liou, Ying-Hao Chu, Tzu-Ying Lin, Chih-Huang Lai","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500333","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a novel approach for developing flexible Cu(In, Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> (CIGS) solar cells on mica substrates. Leveraging mica's chemical inertness and high-temperature resistance, we employ a one-step sputtering deposition process to enable efficient solar cell fabrication. A strategically integrated 50 nm titanium nitride (TiN) layer serves as both an adhesion promoter and a critical enhancer of Mo crystallinity, promoting CIGS grain growth and significantly enhancing device efficiency. With the TiN layer, the device achieves 13.5% efficiency, representing a 2.7% point improvement over the reference sample. The rear-side modification using a TiN buffer layer enhances device performance by improving film adhesion to mica, increasing back electrode conductivity, promoting defect passivation through increased crystallinity and grain size, and lowering the backside barrier height. Mechanical stability tests confirm the exceptional resilience of CIGS solar cells on mica, retaining approximately 98% of their initial efficiency after 3000 bending cycles at a 5 mm curvature radius. This robustness is attributed to mica's distinctive layered structure with weak van der Waals bonding. These findings highlight the potential of mica substrates to advance flexible photovoltaics by overcoming limitations of metal or polymer-based substrates. Offering superior thermal stability and mechanical durability, mica paves the way for next-generation wearable solar technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2025-07-31DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500156
Jonas Wortmann, Xiaoyan Du, Jerrit Wagner, Paul Weitz, Simon Arnold, Chao Liu, Vincent M. Le Corre, Anastasiia Barabash, Jens Hauch, Thomas Heumüller, Christoph J. Brabec
{"title":"Improved ZnO Post-Treatment for High Performance Organic Solar Cell Materials","authors":"Jonas Wortmann, Xiaoyan Du, Jerrit Wagner, Paul Weitz, Simon Arnold, Chao Liu, Vincent M. Le Corre, Anastasiia Barabash, Jens Hauch, Thomas Heumüller, Christoph J. Brabec","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a widely used electron transport layer for organic solar cells which has been optimized and established for the first generation of organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials. With the emergence of novel OPV materials which can reach up to 20% efficiency, several limitations of ZnO have become apparent. In particular, interactions of the active layer with ZnO under illumination can severely limit the device efficiency and stability. In this study, we investigate how various treatment options of ZnO like thermal annealing, ultraviolet exposure, as well as vacuum treatment can improve ZnO properties. Calcium tests show the release of reactive components form ZnO, and space charge limited current measurements allow to model energy level alignment using drift diffusion simulations. Crucially, permanent <i>J</i><sub>sc</sub> losses related to insufficient treatment of ZnO are observed for high performing material systems. An additional UV treatment step under vacuum is shown to significantly reduce those <i>J</i><sub>sc</sub> losses and allows using ZnO annealing temperatures of only 80°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Bidirectional Passivation Agents at the Tin Oxide/Perovskite Interface to Enhance the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Cheng Lan, Wenkai He, Shuyi Li, Xiang Li, Chenyang Dai, Mina Guli","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, there have been reports of continuous breakthroughs in the efficiency of perovskite solar cells, and perovskite solar cells based on n–i–p device structures have achieved certified efficiencies of around 27%. The key factor behind these latest breakthroughs is the use of tin oxide as an electron transport layer, which enhances device performance by effectively controlling the extraction, transport, and recombination of charges. However, the performance of perovskite devices is affected by issues such as energy level mismatch and numerous interface defects at the tin oxide electron transport layer/perovskite interface. To address these issues, researchers have optimized the electron transport layer/perovskite interface using different materials. Among them, the material with bidirectional passivation effect, namely bidirectional passivator, has attracted the attention of researchers. This article mainly analyzes the application and prospect of bidirectional passivators at the SnO<sub>2</sub>/perovskite interface in the n–i–p structure. It can not only passivate the defects of the lower tin oxide layer and reduce the agglomeration of SnO<sub>2</sub> crystals, but also improve the growth of the upper perovskite and passivate the defects of the perovskite layer, thereby optimizing the interface contact of SnO<sub>2</sub>/perovskite and significantly improving the photoelectric performance of the device. The bidirectional passivators are classified into three categories, inorganic salts, acid radical salts, and amino organic compounds, and the mechanism of their bidirectional passivation effect on the SnO<sub>2</sub>/perovskite interface is elaborated in detail in this paper. Finally, the further development and challenges of bidirectional passivators are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vapor Induced Donor–Acceptor Interface to Enhance The Performance of Bilayer Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Mohamed Samir, Osbel Almora, Angel Sacramento, Josep Pallarès, Lluis F. Marsal","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500397","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we introduce the vapor-induced donor–acceptor interface (VIDAI) method to enhance the performance of bilayer organic solar cells (OSCs) through direct solvent vapor treatment at the donor–acceptor interface. Using the inverted device structure ITO/ZnO/D18/Y6/MoO<sub>3</sub>/Ag, we applied 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) and 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) vapors directly to the donor layer to treat the interface between the D18 and Y6 layers. Compared to the nontreated devices, the devices incorporating VIDAI demonstrated improvements in power conversion efficiency (PCE) under 1 sun illumination from 15.1% to 16.8% and 17.0% for CN and DIO, respectively, and for indoor illumination from 13.2% to 14.9% and 15.0% for CN and DIO, respectively. This is attributed to optimized surface tension and improved recombination lifetime. Additionally, the VIDAI method enhanced device stability, with the DIO-treated device exhibiting the highest maximum power point stability. This work establishes VIDAI as a simple, and effective, strategy for optimizing the efficiency and stability of bilayer OSCs, paving the way for their application in both outdoor and indoor energy harvesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500397","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2025-07-25DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500325
Armin Richter, Marion Drießen, Clara Rittmann, Giuliano Vescovi, Maxi Richter, Florian Schindler, Jan Benick, Charlotte Weiss, Stefan Janz
{"title":"TOPCon Solar Cells Made of n-Type and p-Type Epitaxially Grown Silicon Wafers","authors":"Armin Richter, Marion Drießen, Clara Rittmann, Giuliano Vescovi, Maxi Richter, Florian Schindler, Jan Benick, Charlotte Weiss, Stefan Janz","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500325","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the growing silicon photovoltaic module production, the crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers represent the most energy-intensive process steps. Epitaxially grown c-Si wafers (EpiWafers) detached from reusable substrates allow a significant reduction of this energy consumption. In this work, we studied the suitability of these EpiWafers with tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) solar cells—the mainstream technology—with a special focus on high temperature stability in the range of 1000°C, as required for the boron emitter diffusion. Small area TOPCon solar cells made of n-type EpiWafers achieved an efficiency of up to 23.4%, which represents the highest value reported yet for EpiWafers exposed to high temperatures. A detailed electronic quality analysis of n-type and p-type EpiWafers does not indicate a degradation after the high temperature steps. The efficiency potential is demonstrated with TOPCon solar cells fabricated on epitaxially grown reference wafers, which achieved efficiencies of up to 24.4% and 24.7% for n-type and p-type wafer polarity, respectively. These results closely match those of solar cells fabricated in parallel on high-quality FZ wafers, showcasing the excellent material quality and high temperature stability of epitaxially grown wafers. Thus, these results demonstrate the suitability of EpiWafers for high efficiency TOPCon solar cells with low CO<sub>2</sub> footprint.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1002/solr.70053
Seongheon Kim, Seong Ho Cho, Kiwan Jeong, Jieun Lee, Yonghoon Jung, Mansoo Choi, Yun Seog Lee
{"title":"Intensifying Chelation of Pb-Related Defects for Enhancing Stability in Halide Perovskite Thin-Film Solar Cells","authors":"Seongheon Kim, Seong Ho Cho, Kiwan Jeong, Jieun Lee, Yonghoon Jung, Mansoo Choi, Yun Seog Lee","doi":"10.1002/solr.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Thin-Film Solar Cells</b></p><p>In article number 2500212, Yun Seog Lee and co-workers systematically explore chelation-driven passivation strategies for Pb-related surface defects in perovskite films utilizing organic acids with varying numbers and types of functional groups. Among the tested molecules, citric acid—featuring multiple carboxyl and hydroxyl groups—exhibits the strongest interaction with uncoordinated Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions. This effective passivation leads to significant improvements in both the power conversion efficiency and long-term operational stability of the devices.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2025-07-23DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500289
Demetris Marangis, Georgios Tziolis, Andreas Livera, George Makrides, Andreas Kyprianou, George E. Georghiou
{"title":"Intelligent Maintenance Approaches for Improving Photovoltaic System Performance and Reliability","authors":"Demetris Marangis, Georgios Tziolis, Andreas Livera, George Makrides, Andreas Kyprianou, George E. Georghiou","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photovoltaic (PV) systems play a pivotal role in the transition to renewable energy worldwide, yet their long-term performance and cost-effectiveness critically depend on robust Operation and Maintenance (O&M) strategies. While corrective and preventive maintenance have seen significant progress, the development of predictive analytics that proactively generate warnings to anticipate underperformance issues and potential failures remains underexplored. This article makes a substantial contribution by providing a comprehensive review of maintenance approaches, including corrective, preventive, predictive, and extraordinary, with a special focus on the integration of predictive analytics for smart maintenance in PV systems. The study evaluates how cutting-edge technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), facilitate real-time monitoring, diagnostics, and automated early warning systems to anticipate underperformance issues and potential failures, thereby enabling proactive maintenance scheduling. By summarizing the capabilities of these intelligent monitoring systems, the article demonstrates how predictive analytics can significantly reduce unexpected downtime, enhance decision-making, and ultimately lower the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of PV assets. Finally, the article provides recommendations and outlines future directions for the development of standardized frameworks to optimize smart maintenance practices and improve solar asset management, advancing the state-of-the-art in predictive analytics for the PV industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Red Phosphorus and Sulfur-Doped Graphitic Carbon-Nitride Integrated with N-Doped Zno Nanorods as Photoanode for High Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells","authors":"Fatemeh Shiravani, Javad Tashkhourian, Omid Estakhr, Amin Reza Zolghadr","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, nitrogen-doped zinc oxide/red phosphorus (RP)-doped graphitic carbon nitride (NZnO-PCN) has been introduced as a photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells. The incorporation of RP into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> has been shown to reduce its bandgap, thereby enhancing visible light absorption and improving light-harvesting efficiency. The doping of RP into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> introduces localized electronic states within the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> bandgap and facilitating efficient charge separation. As a result, the modified g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> exhibits enhanced light absorption and superior photocatalytic activity. At the same time, nitrogen doping in ZnO modifies its electronic structure, enhancing charge transport and suppressing recombination losses. The synergy between RP-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and NZnO creates an efficient heterojunction that enables seamless charge transfer and enhances photocatalytic performance. The resulting NZnO-PCN composite has a high specific surface area of 165.6 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, which maximizes dye adsorption and interaction, further enhancing device performance. The optimized photoanode exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 8.8%, accompanied by a short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>sc) of 20.50 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, an open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>oc</sub>) of 0.67 V, and a fill factor of 0.64. These results underscore the potential of RP-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> coupled with NZnO as a state-of-the-art photoanode material for solar energy conversion devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2025-07-22DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500426
Yandong Xu, Wenhao Su, Zihui Jing, Zhouyu Jiang, Mingliang Wang
{"title":"Hollow Core–Shell Cu2−XS@Bi4o5I2 S-Scheme Heterojunctions with Wide Spectral Response and Strong Photothermal Effect for Efficient Photocatalytic H2 Production","authors":"Yandong Xu, Wenhao Su, Zihui Jing, Zhouyu Jiang, Mingliang Wang","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500426","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rational design and assembly of heterogeneous photocatalyst nanostructures represent an advanced strategy for the efficient conversion of solar energy into chemical energy. In this study, a hollow core–shell cube 45%-Cu<sub>2−x</sub>S@Bi<sub>4</sub>O<sub>5</sub>I<sub>2</sub> S-scheme heterojunction was constructed using an in situ growth deposition method. Owing to its rough surface and hollow polyhedron structure, this unique catalyst exhibits a large specific surface area and multidimensional active sites. Under the synergistic effects of band excitation and plasmon resonance, 45%-Cu<sub>2−x</sub>S@Bi<sub>4</sub>O<sub>5</sub>I<sub>2</sub> demonstrates broad spectral absorption ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared light, along with strong photothermal conversion performance. Simultaneously, the S-scheme heterojunction structure provides a multichannel charge transfer pathway, facilitating efficient charge separation and inhibiting electron–hole pair recombination driven by the built-in electric field. Furthermore, the photothermal effect generated by Cu<sub>2−x</sub>S further enhances charge transfer and surface reaction kinetics, enabling 45%-Cu<sub>2−x</sub>S@Bi<sub>4</sub>O<sub>5</sub>I<sub>2</sub> to achieve an excellent hydrogen evolution yield of 2765.3 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> (28.3 times that of Bi<sub>4</sub>O<sub>5</sub>I<sub>2</sub>) while maintaining good stability. This work offers a novel approach for the generation of renewable hydrogen energy and the design of highly active photocatalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}