Solar RRL最新文献

{"title":"Improved ZnO Post-Treatment for High Performance Organic Solar Cell Materials","authors":"Jonas Wortmann,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Du,&nbsp;Jerrit Wagner,&nbsp;Paul Weitz,&nbsp;Simon Arnold,&nbsp;Chao Liu,&nbsp;Vincent M. Le Corre,&nbsp;Anastasiia Barabash,&nbsp;Jens Hauch,&nbsp;Thomas Heumüller,&nbsp;Christoph J. Brabec","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a widely used electron transport layer for organic solar cells which has been optimized and established for the first generation of organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials. With the emergence of novel OPV materials which can reach up to 20% efficiency, several limitations of ZnO have become apparent. In particular, interactions of the active layer with ZnO under illumination can severely limit the device efficiency and stability. In this study, we investigate how various treatment options of ZnO like thermal annealing, ultraviolet exposure, as well as vacuum treatment can improve ZnO properties. Calcium tests show the release of reactive components form ZnO, and space charge limited current measurements allow to model energy level alignment using drift diffusion simulations. Crucially, permanent <i>J</i>_sc losses related to insufficient treatment of ZnO are observed for high performing material systems. An additional UV treatment step under vacuum is shown to significantly reduce those <i>J</i>_sc losses and allows using ZnO annealing temperatures of only 80°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Bidirectional Passivation Agents at the Tin Oxide/Perovskite Interface to Enhance the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Cheng Lan,&nbsp;Wenkai He,&nbsp;Shuyi Li,&nbsp;Xiang Li,&nbsp;Chenyang Dai,&nbsp;Mina Guli","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, there have been reports of continuous breakthroughs in the efficiency of perovskite solar cells, and perovskite solar cells based on n–i–p device structures have achieved certified efficiencies of around 27%. The key factor behind these latest breakthroughs is the use of tin oxide as an electron transport layer, which enhances device performance by effectively controlling the extraction, transport, and recombination of charges. However, the performance of perovskite devices is affected by issues such as energy level mismatch and numerous interface defects at the tin oxide electron transport layer/perovskite interface. To address these issues, researchers have optimized the electron transport layer/perovskite interface using different materials. Among them, the material with bidirectional passivation effect, namely bidirectional passivator, has attracted the attention of researchers. This article mainly analyzes the application and prospect of bidirectional passivators at the SnO₂/perovskite interface in the n–i–p structure. It can not only passivate the defects of the lower tin oxide layer and reduce the agglomeration of SnO₂ crystals, but also improve the growth of the upper perovskite and passivate the defects of the perovskite layer, thereby optimizing the interface contact of SnO₂/perovskite and significantly improving the photoelectric performance of the device. The bidirectional passivators are classified into three categories, inorganic salts, acid radical salts, and amino organic compounds, and the mechanism of their bidirectional passivation effect on the SnO₂/perovskite interface is elaborated in detail in this paper. Finally, the further development and challenges of bidirectional passivators are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vapor Induced Donor–Acceptor Interface to Enhance The Performance of Bilayer Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Mohamed Samir,&nbsp;Osbel Almora,&nbsp;Angel Sacramento,&nbsp;Josep Pallarès,&nbsp;Lluis F. Marsal","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500397","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we introduce the vapor-induced donor–acceptor interface (VIDAI) method to enhance the performance of bilayer organic solar cells (OSCs) through direct solvent vapor treatment at the donor–acceptor interface. Using the inverted device structure ITO/ZnO/D18/Y6/MoO₃/Ag, we applied 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) and 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) vapors directly to the donor layer to treat the interface between the D18 and Y6 layers. Compared to the nontreated devices, the devices incorporating VIDAI demonstrated improvements in power conversion efficiency (PCE) under 1 sun illumination from 15.1% to 16.8% and 17.0% for CN and DIO, respectively, and for indoor illumination from 13.2% to 14.9% and 15.0% for CN and DIO, respectively. This is attributed to optimized surface tension and improved recombination lifetime. Additionally, the VIDAI method enhanced device stability, with the DIO-treated device exhibiting the highest maximum power point stability. This work establishes VIDAI as a simple, and effective, strategy for optimizing the efficiency and stability of bilayer OSCs, paving the way for their application in both outdoor and indoor energy harvesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500397","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensifying Chelation of Pb-Related Defects for Enhancing Stability in Halide Perovskite Thin-Film Solar Cells","authors":"Seongheon Kim,&nbsp;Seong Ho Cho,&nbsp;Kiwan Jeong,&nbsp;Jieun Lee,&nbsp;Yonghoon Jung,&nbsp;Mansoo Choi,&nbsp;Yun Seog Lee","doi":"10.1002/solr.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Thin-Film Solar Cells</b></p><p>In article number 2500212, Yun Seog Lee and co-workers systematically explore chelation-driven passivation strategies for Pb-related surface defects in perovskite films utilizing organic acids with varying numbers and types of functional groups. Among the tested molecules, citric acid—featuring multiple carboxyl and hydroxyl groups—exhibits the strongest interaction with uncoordinated Pb²⁺ ions. This effective passivation leads to significant improvements in both the power conversion efficiency and long-term operational stability of the devices.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent Maintenance Approaches for Improving Photovoltaic System Performance and Reliability","authors":"Demetris Marangis,&nbsp;Georgios Tziolis,&nbsp;Andreas Livera,&nbsp;George Makrides,&nbsp;Andreas Kyprianou,&nbsp;George E. Georghiou","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photovoltaic (PV) systems play a pivotal role in the transition to renewable energy worldwide, yet their long-term performance and cost-effectiveness critically depend on robust Operation and Maintenance (O&amp;M) strategies. While corrective and preventive maintenance have seen significant progress, the development of predictive analytics that proactively generate warnings to anticipate underperformance issues and potential failures remains underexplored. This article makes a substantial contribution by providing a comprehensive review of maintenance approaches, including corrective, preventive, predictive, and extraordinary, with a special focus on the integration of predictive analytics for smart maintenance in PV systems. The study evaluates how cutting-edge technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), facilitate real-time monitoring, diagnostics, and automated early warning systems to anticipate underperformance issues and potential failures, thereby enabling proactive maintenance scheduling. By summarizing the capabilities of these intelligent monitoring systems, the article demonstrates how predictive analytics can significantly reduce unexpected downtime, enhance decision-making, and ultimately lower the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of PV assets. Finally, the article provides recommendations and outlines future directions for the development of standardized frameworks to optimize smart maintenance practices and improve solar asset management, advancing the state-of-the-art in predictive analytics for the PV industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red Phosphorus and Sulfur-Doped Graphitic Carbon-Nitride Integrated with N-Doped Zno Nanorods as Photoanode for High Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells","authors":"Fatemeh Shiravani,&nbsp;Javad Tashkhourian,&nbsp;Omid Estakhr,&nbsp;Amin Reza Zolghadr","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, nitrogen-doped zinc oxide/red phosphorus (RP)-doped graphitic carbon nitride (NZnO-PCN) has been introduced as a photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells. The incorporation of RP into g-C₃N₄ has been shown to reduce its bandgap, thereby enhancing visible light absorption and improving light-harvesting efficiency. The doping of RP into g-C₃N₄ introduces localized electronic states within the g-C₃N₄ bandgap and facilitating efficient charge separation. As a result, the modified g-C₃N₄ exhibits enhanced light absorption and superior photocatalytic activity. At the same time, nitrogen doping in ZnO modifies its electronic structure, enhancing charge transport and suppressing recombination losses. The synergy between RP-doped g-C₃N₄ and NZnO creates an efficient heterojunction that enables seamless charge transfer and enhances photocatalytic performance. The resulting NZnO-PCN composite has a high specific surface area of 165.6 m² g⁻¹, which maximizes dye adsorption and interaction, further enhancing device performance. The optimized photoanode exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 8.8%, accompanied by a short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>sc) of 20.50 mA cm⁻², an open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc) of 0.67 V, and a fill factor of 0.64. These results underscore the potential of RP-doped g-C₃N₄ coupled with NZnO as a state-of-the-art photoanode material for solar energy conversion devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Earth-Abundant Cu and Fe-Based Chalcogenide Cocatalysts for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution","authors":"Judith Zander,&nbsp;Roland Marschall","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500199","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While photocatalysis offers an attractive route toward the sustainable production of hydrogen and other green fuels, significant improvements in efficiency and reduction of production costs are still needed. Traditionally, noble metal cocatalysts are used to increase the activity and selectivity of a photocatalyst. In this work, we systematically investigate different nanomaterials based on the abundant and inexpensive elements Cu and Fe as cocatalysts on TiO₂ (P25) for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction under simulated sunlight as well as under UV irradiation. All the investigated Cu and Fe sulfides/oxides can be obtained <i>via</i> a simple and fast microwave-assisted synthesis. In addition, we show how further modifications, such as partial oxidation of the sulfides or doping of CuFe₂O₄ with Ni, can have a tremendous effect on the performance as a cocatalyst, increasing the activity by a factor of more than 15 compared to pristine TiO₂ and by a factor of almost 6 compared to TiO₂ equipped with undoped CuFe₂O₄ under AM 1.5G simulated sunlight. Under UV irradiation, an H₂ evolution rate of more than 2.3 mmol h⁻¹ was achieved. Thus, this work opens a new design platform for the synthesis of earth-abundant cocatalysts for noble metal substitution in photocatalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroelectric Photovoltaic Pyroelectric Coupling Effect: Mechanism and Applications","authors":"Weihao Wu,&nbsp;Shiqi Chen,&nbsp;Shubao Yang,&nbsp;Haowen Mu,&nbsp;Rongli Gao,&nbsp;Xiaoling Deng,&nbsp;Wei Cai,&nbsp;Chunlin Fu","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increasing global demand for renewable energy, solar energy has attracted considerable attention due to its clean nature and abundant availability. Ferroelectric materials, featuring spontaneous polarization and external-field tunability, offer unique advantages in solar energy conversion. Benefiting from their intrinsic polarization field, ferroelectric materials can efficiently separate photogenerated carriers and generate bulk photovoltaic voltages beyond the bandgap limit. Moreover, by integrating pyroelectric properties, the ferroelectric photovoltaic pyroelectric coupling effect (FPPCE) enables the synergistic regulation of polarization and pyroelectric fields, significantly enhancing carrier separation and transport, thus improving photovoltaic conversion efficiency. This review systematically summarizes the fundamental mechanisms, performance modulation strategies, and potential applications of FPPCE, with a particular focus on the influence of material dimensionality, interface engineering, and stress regulation. The applications of FPPCE in solar devices, self-powered sensors, and smart building systems are also discussed. Finally, future research directions such as machine-learning-assisted material design and multi-coupled energy chemistry are highlighted, aiming to provide new insights for the design and development of high-performance ferroelectric multi-field energy conversion systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Study of Preheating Enhancing the Evaporation Performance of Solar Interfacial Evaporator","authors":"Jiangtao Zhang,&nbsp;Yanjun Chen,&nbsp;Deqiang He","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500350","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solar interfacial evaporation is a promising technology for steam preparation to solve the global shortage of freshwater resources. Existing research has achieved significant enhancement through the development of photothermal materials, but the spatial utilization efficiency of solar energy remains suboptimal. To improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy, this study has designed a new interfacial evaporator with preheating enhancement. It couples the 3D hydrogel with a preheating structure composed of a light-absorbing coating and a copper sheet. The experiment has investigated the effects of solar irradiance intensity and preheating structure on evaporation. According to the experimental results, under the solar radiation intensity of only 1 sun, the steam generation amount increases to a maximum of 2.37 kg·m⁻\u0000 ²·h⁻\u0000 ¹. In addition, the preheating structure has a significant effect on improving the evaporation efficiency of the evaporator. Compared with the evaporator without a preheating structure, the maximum enhancement effect can reach 40.1% under the solar radiation intensity of 1 sun. Under a higher radiation intensity, the enhancement effect increases to 43.4%. The enhancement mechanism primarily involves intensified heat transfer, enhancing the wettability of the water transport layer and reducing the enthalpy of water evaporation, which jointly improves the evaporation effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145022410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Engineering of Alkylammonium Interfaces for Enhanced Efficiency in Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Ibtisam S. Almalki,&nbsp;Tarek I. Alanazi,&nbsp;Lujain Aldoghan,&nbsp;Noura Aldossari,&nbsp;Fatimh Almutawa,&nbsp;Rawan A. Alzahrani,&nbsp;Sultan M. Alenzi,&nbsp;Yahya A. Alzahrani,&nbsp;Ghazal S. Yafi,&nbsp;Abdulmajeed Almutairi,&nbsp;Abdurhman Aldukhail,&nbsp;Bader Alharthi,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Aljuwayr,&nbsp;Faisal S. Alghannam,&nbsp;Ali Z. Alanzi,&nbsp;Huda Alkhaldi,&nbsp;Fawziah Alhajri,&nbsp;Haitham S. Alhumud,&nbsp;Ali A. Alqarni,&nbsp;Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi,&nbsp;Nouf K. AL-Saleem,&nbsp;Masfer Alkahtani,&nbsp;Anwar Q. Alanazi,&nbsp;Masaud Almalki","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500389","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Power conversion efficiency (PCE) improvements in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are increasingly constrained by nonradiative recombination at interfacial defects. In this study, we demonstrate a systematic interface engineering strategy using alkylammonium iodide salts with varying chain lengths from methylammonium (C1) to dodecylammonium (C12) to modulate the interface between the mixed-cation perovskite absorber (FAPbI₃)_0.97(MAPbBr₃)_0.03 and the hole-transport layer. Surface treatment with these salts significantly reduces interfacial recombination, as evidenced by enhanced photoluminescence and a strong chain-length-dependent increase in open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_OC) and fill factor (FF). Our champion device, passivated with dodecylammonium iodide, achieves a PCE of 24.6% with <i>V</i>_OC = 1.166 V and FF = 81.5%, marking <i>a</i> &gt; 12% relative increase over the untreated control. Structural, optical, and electrical (<i>J–V</i>, SCAPS modeling) analyses collectively reveal that longer-chain cations form ultrathin 2D interfacial layers that suppress defect-mediated recombination without impeding charge transport. Additionally, these passivation layers impart enhanced stability under continuous illumination, ambient air exposure, and elevated temperature, with DDAI-treated devices maintaining over 88% of their initial performance after thermal aging at 65°C for 500 h. This work establishes alkylammonium chain length as a powerful tuning parameter for optimizing PSC interfaces and advancing high-efficiency, stable perovskite photovoltaics.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}