Pediatric Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Parental Social Position and Childhood Overweight: Mediation by Lifestyle and BMI Patterns During Pregnancy","authors":"Camille Le Gal,&nbsp;Mireille C. Schipper,&nbsp;Marion Lecorguillé,&nbsp;Laura Pavicic,&nbsp;Thierry Simeon,&nbsp;Marie-Aline Charles,&nbsp;Romy Gaillard,&nbsp;Sandrine Lioret,&nbsp;Barbara Heude","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70047","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In high-income countries, children born to parents with low socio-economic position (SEP) or with non-Western ethnicity are disproportionally affected by obesity as early as preschool age. We assessed how much of these associations were mediated by parental lifestyle and BMI patterns during pregnancy. We characterised 5–6 years old children with or without overweight from the French Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE) (<i>n</i> = 8584) and the Dutch Generation R birth cohorts (<i>n</i> = 6511). We used counterfactual mediation analyses to assess the potential mediating effect of previously identified lifestyle patterns: “high parental smoking, poor-quality maternal diet and sedentary behaviour” and “high parental body mass index and low gestational weight gain”. Both patterns jointly mediated 62.8% of the association between parents' education level and childhood overweight in ELFE and 23.2% in Generation R. In Generation R, they jointly mediated 8.9% of the association between parents' geographic origin and childhood overweight. In ELFE, parents with non-Western backgrounds were less likely to follow the first pattern, resulting in a negative indirect effect. Parental lifestyle and BMI patterns during pregnancy seem key contributors to the early development of socio-economic inequalities in childhood overweight, while other yet unidentified factors may contribute to inequalities related to geographic origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Physical Activity and Dietary Fat Quality With Arterial Health in Adolescents","authors":"Mika Jormanainen,&nbsp;Aino-Maija Eloranta,&nbsp;Marja H. Leppänen,&nbsp;Tomi Laitinen,&nbsp;Mika Kähönen,&nbsp;Emilia Laitinen,&nbsp;Timo A. Lakka,&nbsp;Eero A. Haapala","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While the clinical signs of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are not usually visible until adulthood, the CVD pathology begins already in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To study the associations of physical activity (PA) and dietary fat quality with arterial health among adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Altogether 117 adolescents 15–17 years of age participated in the study. Sedentary time (ST), light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), PA energy expenditure (PAEE), resistance training volume and dietary fat quality were assessed. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) were assessed by impedance cardiography, and carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid artery distensibility were assessed by carotid ultrasonography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ST was negatively associated with cIMT (standardised regression coefficient <i>β</i> = −0.225, <i>p</i> = 0.015). MVPA and PAEE were negatively associated with PWV (<i>β</i> = −0.245 to −0.228, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and CAVI (<i>β</i> = −0.226 to −0.212, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and positively with cIMT (<i>β</i> = 0.235 to 0.269, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). MVPA was positively associated with carotid artery distensibility (<i>β</i> = 0.180, <i>p</i> = 0.047). Monounsaturated fat intake was positively associated with carotid artery distensibility (<i>β</i> = 0.190, <i>p</i> = 0.041). PAEE was negatively associated with CAVI in adolescents with higher saturated fat (SFA) intake (<i>β</i> = −0.367, <i>p</i> = 0.017), but not in adolescents with lower SFA intake (<i>β</i> = −0.095, <i>p</i> = 0.526).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MVPA and PAEE were related to better arterial health. Moreover, our results suggest that higher PAEE benefits adolescents with higher SFA intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention Versus Usual Care for Latino Youth With Prediabetes","authors":"Armando Peña,&nbsp;Micah L. Olson,&nbsp;Mary Beth Putz,&nbsp;Abu Bakkar Siddique,&nbsp;Elvia Lish,&nbsp;Monica Diaz,&nbsp;Stephanie L. Ayers,&nbsp;J. Mac McCullough,&nbsp;Allison Williams,&nbsp;Donald L. Patrick,&nbsp;Gabriel Q. Shaibi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lifestyle intervention is a cost-effective approach for preventing type 2 diabetes among adults with prediabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine the cost and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of an intensive lifestyle intervention compared with usual care among youth with prediabetes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latino youth ages 12–16 years with obesity and prediabetes were randomised to a 6-month lifestyle intervention (INT, <i>N</i> = 79) or usual care (UC, <i>N</i> = 38). Between-group difference in change in 2-h post-challenge glucose was non-significant at 6 months (7.2 mg/dL; 95% CI, −5.3, 19.7) and 12 months (0.3 mg/dL; 95% CI, −14.1, 14.5). Cost and ICERs were calculated from health care, family and total societal (health care plus family) perspectives in 2019 US Dollars. The study was conducted from May 2016 to March 2020.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The estimated societal cost per participant was $1935.21 (95% CI, $1583.12, $2315.05) for the INT and $234.20 ($190.71, $278.61) for the UC during the first 6 months. During the entire 12 months of the trial, the societal cost per participant increased to $468.40 ($379.19, $568.37) for the UC, but there were no additional costs for the INT. The ICER for 2-h glucose for the INT compared with the UC was $222.78 and $4816.57 per mg/dL at 6 and 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among Latino youth with prediabetes, an intensive lifestyle intervention resulted in a nonsignificant reduction in 2-h glucose at a higher cost compared with usual care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144751866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity Among Children and Adolescents in NHANES August 2021–August 2023: An Examination of Race/Hispanic Origin Subgroup Estimates","authors":"Cynthia L. Ogden,&nbsp;Samuel D. Emmerich,&nbsp;Bryan Stierman,&nbsp;Te-Ching Chen,&nbsp;Alan E. Simon,&nbsp;David S. Freedman,&nbsp;Matt Jans,&nbsp;Cheryl D. Fryar,&nbsp;Jason Clark,&nbsp;Minsun Riddles,&nbsp;Lara J. Akinbami","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey provides nationally representative data on child obesity using measured height and weight. Due to COVID-19, the NHANES August 2021–August 2023 cycle had design changes and smaller sample sizes for certain race/Hispanic origin groups. The objective is to explore sex and race/Hispanic origin-specific childhood obesity trends.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trends from 1999 or 2007 to August 2023 were evaluated in regression models. Obesity was defined as BMI-for-age ≥ 95th percentile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analyses included 28 666 youth 2–19 years. From 2007 to August 2023, obesity prevalence increased among Hispanic girls (<i>p</i> = 0.03) but not Hispanic boys (<i>p</i> = 0.06). From 1999 to August 2023, obesity increased among non-Hispanic White (White) boys (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and non-Hispanic Black (Black) girls (<i>p</i> = 0.04), but not White girls (<i>p</i> = 0.10). Among Black boys only, a quadratic trend (<i>p</i> = 0.03) was found, driven by an obesity increase between 2017–2018 and August 2021–August 2023, from 19.4% to 38.1% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity increased among Hispanic girls, White boys, and Black girls. The prevalence increased in Black boys too, but the magnitude of increase from 2017 to August 2023 appears implausible. Small August 2021–August 2023 sample sizes for Black youth could have exacerbated unmeasured sampling variation. Continued surveillance will provide context for interpreting estimates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community and School Programs, Policies and Environments Related to Child Dietary Intake:The Healthy Communities Study","authors":"Gail Woodward-Lopez,&nbsp;Alexander C. McLain,&nbsp;Edward A. Frongillo,&nbsp;Natalie Colabianchi,&nbsp;Vicki Collie-Akers,&nbsp;Lorrene D. Ritchie","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To reverse the epidemic of unhealthy eating and related chronic disease in the United States, intervening early in life is essential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identify features of community- and school-based programmes, policies and environments related to child intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dietary intake of children 4–15 years old (<i>n</i> = 5138) from elementary and middle schools in 130 US communities was collected by survey (of parent and/or child) in 2013–2015. Features of community programs and policies (CPPs) and school environments were collected by staff surveys, direct observation, key informant interviews, and/or document review. Community characteristics included socioeconomic status and predominant race/ethnicity. Classification and regression trees identified CPP and school environment features related to child dietary intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Community sociodemographic characteristics were the first-selected variables related to child intakes. Children in communities with lower socioeconomic status and larger proportions of African Americans tended to have lower FV and higher SSB intakes. Associations of dietary intake with race/ethnicity varied with SES. CPPs that addressed certain social determinants of health were related to higher FV intake among community race/ethnicity–SES sub-groups. Few other CPPs and no school environment characteristics were related to child FV or SSB intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings suggest the importance of addressing social determinants of health such as education, poverty and transportation to reduce disparities in dietary intake, and the need to tailor interventions to community characteristics. More research is needed to explore the interaction of race/ethnicity and SES on dietary intake and intervention effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial Disparities in Paediatric Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: An MBSAQIP Analysis","authors":"Zachary Ballinger,&nbsp;Jonathan Green,&nbsp;Muriel Cleary,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Wong,&nbsp;Nicole Cherng,&nbsp;Jeremy Aidlen","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate disparities in paediatric metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and examine the effects of recent policy changes on access and outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents aged 10–18 who underwent MBS between 2017 and 2023 were identified using the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) Participant Use Files. Trends by race and ethnicity and clinical outcomes were assessed using univariate comparisons and multivariable logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 4940 paediatric patients underwent MBS from 2017 to 2023. The cohort was 71% female, 60% white, and had a mean age of 17.1 years. Female representation declined by approximately 1.1% annually. Hispanic patients comprised 32% of cases, with an average yearly increase of 1.1%. Black patient representation increased from 14% in 2017 to 24% in 2023. Asian, American Indian, and Pacific Islander patients accounted for only 1.5% of cases. Black patients were younger, had higher preoperative BMIs, and more frequently presented with comorbidities including diabetes and sleep apnoea. Hispanic patients had higher rates of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and sleep apnoea than non-Hispanics. Robotic procedures were more common among Black patients, while Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was more frequent among white patients. Surgical outcomes were similar across racial groups. However, multivariable analysis showed that female patients had increased odds of postoperative complications and emergency department (ED) visits (aOR 1.54 and 2.74, respectively), and Hispanic patients had higher odds of ED visits (aOR 1.32).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While MBS use is diversifying, disparities persist. Black and Hispanic youth face higher comorbidity burdens, indicating possible delayed access to surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Caffeine and Nicotine Use and Optimal Obesity Measures for Adolescents: A Refugee Adolescent Study","authors":"Basma Damiri,&nbsp;Hamza Abdul-Hafez,&nbsp;Motaz Saifi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The weight impact of caffeine and nicotine use by adolescents, unlike adults, has not been conclusively determined. The prevalence of obesity among adolescents, especially in vulnerable populations such as refugee adolescents, is a crucial public health concern. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of central obesity and its associated risk factors among refugee adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 on refugee teenagers aged 11–15 in four refugee camps in West Bank. Data was collected through surveys and anthropometric measurements to assess waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index. Statistical analyses evaluated the relationship between caffeine and nicotine use and central obesity measures while accounting for potential confounders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 454 participants (51.3% boys, 48.7% girls) were included in the study. The median age was 14.49 years, with a median BMI of 21.7. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24% and 21.1%, respectively. 14.1% had high waist circumferences. The study found significant associations between central obesity and cigarette smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.03), waterpipe smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.008) and energy drink (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and coffee (<i>p</i> = 0.027) consumption. Adjusted multiple logistic regression revealed an association between overweight status and energy drink consumption (AOR = 3.035, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and the interaction between energy drink and coffee consumption (AOR = 3.924, <i>p</i> = 0.010). Obese status showed a significant association with waterpipe smoking (AOR = 2.975, <i>p</i> = 0.021).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a significant health concern among Palestinian refugee adolescents, with various factors contributing to its prevalence. Central obesity, in particular, is associated with increased health risks, emphasising the importance of identifying its determinants, including caffeine and nicotine use among adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Eating Behaviours, and Self-Concept, With Weight Status of Indian Adolescents","authors":"Shivangi Choudhary,&nbsp;Anmol Bhandari,&nbsp;Suninder Tung,&nbsp;Gurcharan Kaur","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70044","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The epidemiological and sociocultural context of Indian adolescents is rapidly changing, thus affecting their eating behaviours and increasing overweight and obesity prevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study was aimed at exploring associations of problematic eating behaviours and self-concept with overweight/obesity in adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study was conducted in six schools in Punjab, India, and enrolled 538 randomly selected adolescents aged 10–16 years. The cut-off of &gt; 23rd adult equivalent BMI for overweight/obesity and &lt; 23rd adult equivalent for healthy weight (IAP, 2015) was used. The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised 18-item version and Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to quantify linear relationships among eating behaviours, self-concept and BMI-based weight status. An independent <i>t</i>-test was applied to determine eating behaviour and self-concept variations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eating behaviour such as cognitive restraint showed a statistically significant positive correlation with BMI in adolescents (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Higher cognitive restraint significantly increased the probability of being overweight/obese (odds ratio [OR] = 1.153; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.097–1.211). Physical appearance (PHY) and happiness and satisfaction (HAP) domains of adolescents' self-concept showed a significant negative correlation with BMI. In girls, the domain of social acceptance (SOC) showed a significant negative correlation with BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study highlights the relationship of overweight/obesity with certain aspects of problematic eating behaviours as well as self-concept in adolescents. These findings warrant further longitudinal studies to establish causality, which may provide a comprehensive understanding of the epidemic of adolescent overweight/obesity in India.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Effect of Infant Rapid Weight Gain on the Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and the Risk of Obesity Later in Life","authors":"Carlos Nagore González,&nbsp;Iris Iglesia Altaba,&nbsp;Cristina Guillén Sebastián,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Alvarez Sauras,&nbsp;Sheila García Enguita,&nbsp;Luis A. Moreno,&nbsp;Gerardo Rodríguez","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a global health problem, with an impact on future health. Early factors such as infant feeding and rapid weight gain (RWG) may play a role in its development. However, their contribution is not fully understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To analyse associations and potential interactions between the type of infant feeding during the first 4 months of age, RWG and later development of obesity in children at 6 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This observational longitudinal study examines growth in 834 children born at term with adequate weight for their gestational age. Data were collected from birth to 6 years, focusing on weight, height and body mass index (BMI) z-scores. The relationships between infant feeding, RWG, and BMI at 6 years were explored using mediation models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Formula-fed infants showed higher BMI z-scores and obesity prevalence at 6 years compared to exclusively breastfed infants (<i>p</i> = 0.012 and <i>p</i> = 0.003 respectively). RWG also was associated with higher BMI z-scores and obesity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 in both cases), with formula-fed infants more likely to experience RWG (39.7% vs. 32.2%; <i>p</i> = 0.036). Mediation analysis revealed that the association between feeding type and BMI at 6 years is partly positively mediated by infant RWG up to 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infant feeding practices, particularly exclusive breastfeeding in the first 4 months, are associated with weight and BMI trajectories up to 6 years. Rapid weight gain mediates this relationship in the first 6 months, but from 6 to 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Nutritive Sweeteners Intake and Its Association With Sugars Intake Among Chilean Toddlers","authors":"Paola Arévalo,&nbsp;Natalia Rebolledo,&nbsp;Marcela Reyes","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are used as sugar alternatives in foods and beverages. However, their intake and dietary sources in toddlers and their association with total sugars intake have been scarcely explored. We aimed to characterise NNS intake (sucralose, acesulfame-K, aspartame, steviol glycosides, saccharin and cyclamate) and their individual association with dietary total sugars in a sample of Chilean toddlers. Participants of the Chilean Infant Nutrition Randomised Controlled Trial (<i>N</i> = 450, 50% girls) were assessed at 3 years of age with sociodemographic information from their families, anthropometry of the participants and their mothers and dietary intake (via a single 24-h recall). For reported packaged foods, we obtained the energy, nutrients and NNS information from nutrition facts panels (NFP). We estimated the dietary intake (total energy, macronutrients, total sugars and NNS intake) and NNS dietary sources for each participant. We used linear regression models to study crude and adjusted associations. Mean total energy intake was 1006 ± 351 kcal/day, with 27% of those calories coming from total sugars. Seventy-six percent of the toddlers consumed at least one NNS: 63% sucralose, 35% acesulfame-K, 32% aspartame, 27% steviol, &lt; 1% saccharin and &lt; 1% cyclamate. Beverages were the top contributors to NNS intake. NNS intake was not significantly associated with total sugars intake. In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of NNS intake among 3-year-old children, with sucralose being the most frequently consumed. NNS intake was not associated with lower sugars consumption. These results support new recommendations discouraging NNS intake among healthy populations, which can be even more relevant in young children.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}