Pediatric Obesity最新文献

{"title":"ObMetrics: A Shiny app to assist in metabolic syndrome assessment in paediatric obesity.","authors":"Álvaro Torres-Martos, Francisco Requena, Guadalupe López-Rodríguez, Jhazmin Hernández-Cabrera, Marcos Galván, Elizabeth Solís-Pérez, Susana Romo-Tello, José Luis Jasso-Medrano, Jenny Vilchis-Gil, Miguel Klünder-Klünder, Gloria Martínez-Andrade, María Elena Acosta Enríquez, Juan Carlos Aristizabal, Alberto Ramírez-Mena, Nikos Stratakis, Mireia Bustos-Aibar, Ángel Gil, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Gloria Bueno, Rosaura Leis, Jesús Alcalá-Fdez, Concepción María Aguilera, Augusto Anguita-Ruiz","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To introduce ObMetrics, a free and user-friendly Shiny app that simplifies the calculation, data analysis, and interpretation of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) outcomes according to multiple definitions in epidemiological studies of paediatric populations. We illustrate its usefulness using ethnically different populations in a comparative study of prevalence across cohorts and definitions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case study using data from two ethnically diverse paediatric populations: a Hispanic-American cohort (N = 1759) and a Hispanic-European cohort (N = 2411). Using ObMetrics, we computed MetS classifications (Cook, Zimmet, Ahrens) and component-specific z-scores for each participant to compare prevalences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed significant heterogeneity in MetS prevalence across different definitions and cohorts. According to Cook, Zimmet, and Ahrens's definitions, MetS prevalence in children with obesity was 25%, 12%, and 48%, respectively, in the Hispanic-European cohort, and 38%, 27%, and 66% in the Hispanic-American cohort. Calculating component-specific z-scores in each cohort also highlighted ethnic-specific differences in lipid metabolism and blood pressure. By automating these complex calculations, ObMetrics considerably reduced analysis time and minimised the potential for errors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ObMetrics proved to be a powerful tool for paediatric research, generating detailed reports on the prevalence of MetS and its components based on various definitions and reference standards. Our case study further provides valuable insights into the challenges of characterising metabolic health in paediatric populations. Future efforts should focus on developing unified consensus guidelines for paediatric MetS. Meanwhile, ObMetrics enables earlier identification and targeted intervention for high-risk children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of adiponectin concentrations from birth until late adolescence with insulin resistance.","authors":"Yeran Lee, Soren Harnois-Leblanc, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Emily Oken, Marie-France Hivert","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We investigated associations of adiponectin concentrations from birth to adolescence with insulin resistance in late adolescence using data from Project Viva prospective birth cohort (Eastern Massachusetts, 1999-2002).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted multivariable linear regression models between adiponectin (internal z-scores) at birth, early childhood, mid-childhood, early and late adolescence and insulin resistance in late adolescence with the homeostasis model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 468 children (52% female, 59% Non-Hispanic White), we observed inverse associations of adiponectin z-scores in mid-childhood (-0.16, 95% CI: -0.33, 0.01), early adolescence (-0.19, 95% CI: -0.37, -0.01) and late adolescence (-0.40, 95% CI: -0.57, -0.23) with HOMA-IR in late adolescence; these associations were attenuated after accounting for BMI z-score. When stratified by sex, we observed these associations in males, while estimates were more modest in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, starting in mid-childhood, lower adiponectin concentrations were linked with higher insulin resistance in late adolescence, with associations apparent mostly in males.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional associations between Mediterranean diet and body composition in preschool children. CORAL study.","authors":"Alicia Larruy-García, María L Miguel-Berges, Isabel Rueda-De Torre, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Dolores Corella, Alejandra Pérez, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Jesús Garcia-Gavilán, Paloma Flores-Barrante, J Alfredo Martínez, Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Indira Paz-Graniel, Alelí M Ayala-Marín, José Manuel Jurado-Castro, María José de la Torre-Aguilar, Irina Gheorghita, Luis A Moreno, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity in children are rising globally, and the Mediterranean diet may help reduce obesity and related diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and body composition in Spanish preschool children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 1218 children aged 3-6 years from the CORALS cohort. Mediterranean diet adherence was evaluated using the validated MED4CHILD and COME-Kids F&B-FQ questionnaires. Body composition measurements included weight, height, waist circumference, BMI, Fat Mass (FM), Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), and Waist-to-Height ratio (WtHR). Multivariate regression and ANCOVA were used to examine associations, adjusting for factors like age, physical activity, and energy intake. We also performed a Cohen's d analysis to assess effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with more favourable body composition in children. Specifically, both the MED4CHILD score and the COME-Kids-derived score showed significant associations with BMI, FFMI, and Waist-to-Height ratio, showing differences by sex. Children who adhered to the Mediterranean diet exhibited lower BMI and higher fat-free mass, and a more favourable waist-to-height ratio. Additionally, although some measures showed weaker associations, all analyses highlighted a trend towards improved body composition with higher adherence. Cohen's d analysis showed small to moderate effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly linked to favorable body composition indices in Spanish children, highlighting the importance of promoting healthy dietary patterns to prevent overweight and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between chrononutrition and cardiometabolic risk in prepubertal children with and without excess weight.","authors":"Beatriz Louise Costa Themistocles, Fernanda Mussi Gazolla Jannuzzi, Alexandra Maria Monteiro Grisolia, Elisabeth Machado, Isabel Rey Madeira, Eliete Bouskela, Paulo Farinatti, Cecilia Lacroix de Oliveira, Paulo Ferrez Collett-Solberg","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chrononutrition may affect childhood cardiometabolic health. Understanding this relationship may be crucial for managing paediatric obesity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the relationship between chrononutrition and cardiometabolic risk factors in prepubertal children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 93 participants (50 males, 5-12 years), categorized as healthy weight (HW, n = 34), overweight (OV, n = 10), obese (OB, n = 23) and severe obesity (SOB, n = 26). 24-h dietary recalls assessed participants' caloric and energy substrate intake, analysed for the morning (until 11 am), afternoon (11 am to 6 pm), night (after 6:01 pm), and total daily intake. Cardiometabolic risk was evaluated through fasting glycemia, insulinemia, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and ultrasound analysis of abdominal fat (AF) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OB and SOB subjects had significantly higher (p < 0.001) insulinemia, HOMA-IR, TG, and AF, compared to HW subjects. SOB subjects showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) total daily protein intake than HW subjects. Considering the total sample, morning carbohydrate intake was inversely associated (p < 0.05; r = -0.21) with TC. Afternoon total calories (r = -0.33), carbohydrate (r = -0.35), and lipid (r = -0.23) intake were inversely associated (p < 0.05) with insulinemia. Higher lipid intake was linked to lower HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.22), while protein intake was linked to higher BMI Z-Score (r = 0.25) and glycemia (r = 0.23). Nighttime protein intake was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with BMI Z-Score (r = 0.24), insulinemia (r = 0.24), HOMA-IR (r = 0.27), TG (r = 0.25), AF (r = 0.25), and CIMT (r = 0.27).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher morning and afternoon carbohydrate intake, increased afternoon caloric and lipid intake, and lower afternoon and night protein intake in prepubescents were associated with a better health profile, including improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meal timing, nutritional status and diet quality in a group of Spanish children","authors":"María Dolores Salas-González,&nbsp;Viviana Loria-Kohen,&nbsp;Aránzazu Aparicio,&nbsp;Laura M. Bermejo,&nbsp;Esther Cuadrado-Soto,&nbsp;Liliana Guadalupe González-Rodríguez,&nbsp;María del Carmen Lozano-Estevan,&nbsp;África Peral-Suárez,&nbsp;Adrián Cervera-Muñoz,&nbsp;Rosa M. Ortega,&nbsp;Ana M. López-Sobaler","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Some studies suggest that meal timing is involved in obesity and metabolic health. However, little is known about children, so the aim was to assess whether meal timing patterns affect nutritional status and diet quality in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted on 880 children (8–13 years). Participants were classified according to the median timing of their first meal, last meal and the length of their eating window (12 h). Adjusted linear regression was used to evaluate associations between first meal timing, last meal timing or eating window and anthropometric, biochemical and dietary variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A later last meal was associated with lower scores on the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2020), Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and DASH diet [<i>β</i> (95% CI): −1.139 (−2.258; −0.021), −0.207 (−0.408; −0.007) and − 0.582 (−1.072; −0.092), respectively]. A longer eating window was associated with higher glucose levels, LDL-c, and the ratio LDL-c/HDL-c [<i>β</i> (95% CI): 3.204 (1.876; 4.532), 4.725 (1.109; 8.342), and 0.090 (0.014; 0.166), respectively].</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Later meal timing and a prolonged eating window were linked to poorer diet quality and unfavourable metabolic markers. It may be relevant to consider meal timing as a preventive health strategy in the development of future dietary guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight status of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A cross-sectional analysis of primary care electronic medical records and linked health administrative datasets in Ontario, Canada","authors":"Laura M. Kinlin,&nbsp;Natasha R. Saunders,&nbsp;Sarah Carsley,&nbsp;Charles Keown-Stoneman,&nbsp;Karen Tu,&nbsp;Lonnie Zwaigenbaum,&nbsp;Catherine S. Birken","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be at increased risk of both obesity and underweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the association between ASD and weight status in children and adolescents, adjusting for individual- and neighbourhood-level sociodemographic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a cross-sectional study of children and adolescents ≥2 and ≤18 years old using health administrative and demographic data from Ontario, Canada. Using growth measurements from a large primary care database between 2011 and 2016, we categorized weight status using World Health Organization definitions. We defined ASD based on a previously validated algorithm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 568 children and adolescents with ASD and 32 967 without ASD. Comparing those with ASD to those without ASD, prevalence of underweight was 3.5% versus 1.9%, overweight 19.0% versus 18.2%, obesity 12.9% versus 7.3%, and severe obesity 5.8% versus 2.2%. In the fully adjusted multinomial logistic regression model, ASD remained associated with underweight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27–3.20), obesity (aOR 1.87; 95% CI 1.44–2.43) and severe obesity (aOR 2.62; 95% CI 1.81–3.80).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children and adolescents with ASD are at increased risk of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity, independent of sociodemographic characteristics. Strategies addressing growth and weight status are warranted in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of lifestyle in the impact of constant phthalate exposure on overweight and obesity: A longitudinal cohort study in China.","authors":"Tongjun Guo, Yi Zhang, Li Chen, Jieyu Liu, Jianuo Jiang, Wen Yuan, Ruolin Wang, Qi Ma, Manman Chen, Jun Ma, Zhiyong Zou, Yanhui Dong","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>To explore the relationship between constant exposure to phthalates (PAEs) and overweight/obesity and the role of lifestyle in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study conducted five repeated follow-up visits with 829 children and analysed data from 740 children. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between constant PAE exposure, lifestyle and overweight/obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that constant high levels of PAEs exposure may increase the risk of obesity in girls, and the risk is higher in girls with an unhealthy lifestyle. In the unhealthy lifestyle group of girls, compared with the constant low (CL) exposure group of PAEs, the odds ratios (ORs) for overweight/obesity and obesity in the constant high (CH) exposure group were 2.99 (1.11, 8.05) and 11.58 (1.38, 96.87), respectively. In addition, an interaction effect between constant exposure to PAEs and lifestyle was observed on obesity in girls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest the importance of reducing constant exposure to high levels of PAEs to reduce the risk of obesity, especially in individuals with unhealthy lifestyles. The government should strengthen the formulation of regulations and standards for PAEs while guiding parents to use fewer plastic products.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of hypothetical early life interventions on rapid weight gain during infancy and body mass index at 5 and 8 years in Norway: The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)","authors":"Teferi Mekonnen,&nbsp;Mekdes K. Gebremariam,&nbsp;Lene F. Andersen,&nbsp;Nanna Lien,&nbsp;Anne-Lise Brantsæter,&nbsp;Silvia Coutinho,&nbsp;Eleni Papadopoulou,&nbsp;Roch A. Nianogo","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined the impact of hypothetical interventions on (i) early life factors (prenatal and early postnatal) on rapid weight gain during infancy, and (ii) early life factors and child energy balance-related behaviours (EBRB) on children's body mass index (BMI)-for-age at 5 and 8 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study included participants aged 2 (<i>n</i> = 48 109), 5 (<i>n</i> = 18 810) and 8 (<i>n</i> = 10 830) years. Early life intervention variables were maternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal weight before and during pregnancy, exclusive/partial breastfeeding for 6 months, and introduction of complementary food at 6 months. Child EBRB intervention variables for the 5-year outcome included screen time, fruit and vegetable intake, and sugar-sweetened soft drink intake assessed at 3 years. For the 8-year outcome, interventions included screen time, presence of a television in the child's bedroom, sleep hours and breakfast intake assessed at 5 years. The parametric g-formula was used for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results and Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average population-level difference in rapid weight gain during infancy at 2 years under the intervention targeting the prenatal, early postnatal factors and these factors combined with 95% confidence intervals were −0.012 (−0.017, −0.007), −0.009 (−0.012, −0.005) and −0.020 (−0.025, −0.015), respectively. The average population-level differences in children's BMI-for-age <i>z</i>-score for interventions targeting early life factors, child EBRB and these factors combined were −0.225 (−0.244, −0.207), 0.02 (−0.021, 0.024) and −0.223 (−0.249, −0.196), respectively among 5-year-olds and −0.265 (−0.295, −0.236), −0.020 (−0.029, −0.011) and −0.285 (−0.315, −0.256), respectively among 8-year-olds. Our results suggested joint interventions on early life factors may reduce childhood BMI-for-age <i>z</i>-scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-processed food consumption and obesity among children and adolescents in China-Findings from China Health and Nutrition Survey.","authors":"Ming Li, Zumin Shi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children and adolescents are increasingly exposed to processed food in China, however, its association with obesity has not been investigated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and its association with overweight/obesity among children and adolescents in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 3437 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years, participating at least twice in the China Nutrition and Health Survey, were included. Food intake was collected using a 3-day 24-h dietary recall method at home visits. Body weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were measured during the survey. UPF was defined by food process levels using NOVA classification. Overweight/obesity was defined by the international age- and sex-specific BMI and WC cut-offs. The association between UPF consumption and overweight/obesity was assessed using mixed effect logistic regression analyses adjusted for socio-demographic, economic, behavioural, dietary and health factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean daily UPF consumption of the study population (mean age 9.3 years) increased from 9.7 in 1997 to 60.0 grams in 2011. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) (95% CI) for overweight/obesity (using BMI) for UPF consumption of 0, 1-49, 50-99 and ≥ 100 g/day were 1.00, 1.38 (0.98-1.94), 2.01 (1.25-3.24) and 1.53 (0.82-2.86), respectively (p-trend =0.013). Similarly, the corresponding adjusted ORs (95% CI) for central obesity (using WC) were 1.00, 1.84 (1.30-2.60), 2.13 (1.30-3.48) and 2.15 (1.14-4.05) (p-trend<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher long-term UPF consumption was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity among children and adolescents in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70012"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between excessive screen time and steatotic liver disease in adolescents: Findings from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Shaoxun Li, Shuanghong Jin, Peipei Fang, Chenwei Pan, Shanshan Huang","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Screen-based behaviours have brought great changes to our lifestyles over the last 50 years. There is limited data evaluating the effects of such alterations on the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in adolescents. This study sets out to assess possible associations of excessive screen exposure with liver steatosis in a representative sample of US adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis used data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) carried out in 2017-2018, including 731 subjects aged 12-17 years. Self-reported screen time (ST, hours/day) outside of school was recorded, including hours watching TV or videos and hours using the computer. Liver steatosis was identified according to the median controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) by transient elastography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, 476 (65.0%, 95% CI: 60.7%-69.2%) experienced excessive screen time (EST, daily ST ≥ 5 h). The prevalence of liver steatosis was higher in adolescents with EST versus counterparts with modest ST (ST < 5 h) (27.0% vs. 16.1%, p < 0.001). EST was associated with increased odds of liver steatosis in adolescents after adjusting for covariates related to demographic background, metabolic variables, physical activity and diet quality (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.34-3.29, p = 0.032). Body mass index partially mediated the effect of EST on liver steatosis risk (52.9%, p = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Excessive screen time was associated with increased odds of liver steatosis in adolescents. Strategies to reduce screen time for youth may bring benefits for the management of MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70010"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}