Pediatric Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Lifestyle patterns in European preschoolers: Associations with socio-demographic factors and body mass index","authors":"Alexandra Descarpentrie,&nbsp;Lucinda Calas,&nbsp;Maxime Cornet,&nbsp;Barbara Heude,&nbsp;Marie-Aline Charles,&nbsp;Demetris Avraam,&nbsp;Sonia Brescianini,&nbsp;Tim Cadman,&nbsp;Ahmed Elhakeem,&nbsp;Sílvia Fernández-Barrés,&nbsp;Jennifer R. Harris,&nbsp;Hazel Inskip,&nbsp;Jordi Julvez,&nbsp;Sabrina Llop,&nbsp;Katerina Margetaki,&nbsp;Silvia Maritano,&nbsp;Johanna Lucia Thorbjornsrud Nader,&nbsp;Theano Roumeliotaki,&nbsp;Theodosia Salika,&nbsp;Mikel Subiza-Pérez,&nbsp;Marina Vafeiadi,&nbsp;Martine Vrijheid,&nbsp;John Wright,&nbsp;Tiffany Yang,&nbsp;Patricia Dargent-Molina,&nbsp;Sandrine Lioret","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13079","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Energy balance-related behaviours (EBRBs), that is, dietary intake, screen, outdoor play and sleep, tend to combine into ‘lifestyle patterns’, with potential synergistic influences on health. To date, studies addressing this theme mainly focused on school children and rarely accounted for sleep, with a cross-country perspective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed at comparing lifestyle patterns among preschool-aged children across Europe, their associations with socio-demographic factors and their links with body mass index (BMI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Harmonized data on 2–5-year-olds participating in nine European birth cohorts from the EU Child Cohort Network were used (EBRBs, socio-demographics and anthropometrics). Principal component analysis and multivariable linear and logistic regressions were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most consistent pattern identified across cohorts was defined by at least three of the following EBRBs: discretionary consumption, high screen time, low outdoor play time and low sleep duration. Consistently, children from low-income households and born to mothers with low education level had higher scores on this pattern compared to their socioeconomically advantaged counterparts. Furthermore, it was associated with higher BMI z-scores in the Spanish and Italian cohorts (β = 0.06, 95% CI = [0.02; 0.10], both studies).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings may be valuable in informing early multi-behavioural interventions aimed at reducing social inequalities in health at a European scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41097982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune profile of adipose tissue from youth with obesity and asthma","authors":"Anna Reichenbach,&nbsp;Wade O'Brien,&nbsp;Sarai Duran,&nbsp;Kayla J. Authelet,&nbsp;Robert J. Freishtat,&nbsp;Evan P. Nadler,&nbsp;Deepa Rastogi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a risk factor for paediatric asthma. Obesity-mediated systemic inflammation correlates with metabolic dysregulation; both are associated with asthma burden. However, adipose tissue inflammation is not defined in obesity-related asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Define adipose tissue inflammation and its association with metabolic measures in paediatric obesity-related asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cellular profile of stromal vascular fraction from visceral adipose tissue (VAT) from youth with obesity-related asthma (<i>n</i> = 14) and obesity without asthma (<i>n</i> = 23) was analyzed using flow cytometry and correlated with metabolic measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to youth without asthma, VAT from youth with obesity-related asthma was enriched for leukocytes and macrophages, including M1 and dual M1M2 cells, but did not differ for CD4⁺ lymphocytes, and endothelial cells, their progenitors, and preadipocytes. M1 macrophage counts positively correlated with glucose, while M1M2 cells, CD4⁺ lymphocytes, and their subsets negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein, in youth with obesity without asthma, but not among those with obesity-related asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Enrichment of macrophage-mediated inflammation in VAT from youth with obesity-related asthma supports its role in systemic inflammation linked with asthma morbidity. Lack of correlation of VAT cells with metabolic dysregulation in youth with obesity-related asthma identifies a need to define distinguishing factors associated with VAT inflammation in obesity-related asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41093869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity, screen time and body composition in 13-year-old adolescents: The Generation R Study","authors":"Tong Wu,&nbsp;Junwen Yang-Huang,&nbsp;Meike W. Vernooij,&nbsp;María Rodriguez-Ayllon,&nbsp;Vincent W. V. Jaddoe,&nbsp;Hein Raat,&nbsp;Stefan Klein,&nbsp;Edwin H. G. Oei","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Body composition between prepubertal children and adolescents varies, and it is unclear how physical activity and sedentary behaviour affect adolescent body composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to examine the associations of physical activity and screen time with overall and specific fat depots in the general adolescent population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a population-based prospective cohort study, among 3258 adolescents aged 13 years, physical activity and screen time were assessed via self-report questionnaires. Body mass index, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-based measures (i.e. fat mass and lean body mass) and magnetic resonance imaging–based measures (i.e. abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat mass) were obtained.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After adjusting for social-demographic and growth-related factors, each additional hour of daily physical activity was associated with lower fat mass, abdominal visceral fat mass and higher lean body mass (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). However, these associations were not observed in the longitudinal analyses. Each additional hour of daily screen time was associated with higher body mass index, fat mass, abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat mass (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), which were consistent with the longitudinal analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents with higher physical activity and lower screen time had lower levels of adiposity both at the general and visceral levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic social media use and overweight/obesity: explanatory pathway analysis of 124 667 in-school adolescents in 39 high-income countries","authors":"Michael Safo Oduro,&nbsp;Daniel Katey,&nbsp;Anthony Kwame Morgan,&nbsp;Prince Peprah","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The relationship between adolescent problematic social media use (PSMU) and overweight/obesity and the potential explanatory pathways for this association are unclear. This study (1) examined the relationship between PSMU and overweight/obesity and (2) evaluated potential explanatory pathways for this association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data used in this study came from the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey. A sample of 124 667 in-school adolescents from 39 high-income countries was analysed. Sequential logistic regressions were used to estimate the association between PSMU and overweight/obesity. Pathway analysis using a non-parametric bootstrapping technique tested the hypothesized mediating roles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The multivariable logistic regressions indicated that higher problematic social media users were 1.11 times more likely to be overweight/obese compared with those who reported low PSMU (AOR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.05–1.18). Our bootstrapping mediation analyses showed that PSMU indirectly influenced overweight/obesity through breakfast skipping, life satisfaction, family communication, self-rated health, and physical activity, accounting for 19.8% (<i>β</i> = 0.0068, Boots 95% CI = 0.0056–0.0074), 15.1% (<i>β</i> = 0.0050, Boots 95% CI = 0.0046–0.0056), 9.2% (<i>β</i> = 0.0031, Boots 95% CI = 0.0024–0.0038), 7.8% (<i>β</i> = 0.0024, Boots 95% CI = 0.001–0.004), and 5.2% (<i>β</i> = 0.0017, Boots 95% CI = 0.0014–0.0023), respectively, of the total effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that used nationally representative data from multiple countries in high-income countries to examine the association between PSMU and overweight/obesity and potential explanatory pathways among school-going adolescents. This finding has important implications for public health interventions to reduce overweight/obesity rates among young people.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attrition rate and predictors of a monitoring mHealth application in adolescents with obesity","authors":"Maurane Desmet,&nbsp;Alicia Fillon,&nbsp;David Thivel,&nbsp;Ann Tanghe,&nbsp;Caroline Braet","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrating mobile health (mHealth) into paediatric obesity treatment can provide opportunities for more personalized and lifetime treatment. However, high attrition rates pose a significant challenge. The current study attempts to better understand attrition by exploring (1) attrition rates of a monitoring mHealth application for usage over 14 days and (2) testing predictors of attrition in adolescents with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were 69 adolescents between 12 and 16 years old who engaged in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment centre (either outpatient or inpatient) in two countries (Belgium and France). To assess the attrition rates, frequency distributions were used. To test the predictors of attrition, zero-inflated negative binomial regression was performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Attrition rates were high, in the outpatient group, more than half of the participants (53.3%) used the app for only 0–7 days. In the inpatient group, this percentage was 24.1%. Only deficits in initiating (a component of executive functions) were a negative predictor of attrition, indicating that deficits in initiating lead to lower attrition rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides evidence for high attrition rates in mHealth interventions for adolescents with obesity and was the first to investigate psychological predictors of attrition to an mHealth monitoring tool in adolescents with obesity in treatment. Findings regarding predictors of attrition should be approached with caution due to the small sample size.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of food insecurity on body mass index change in a pediatric weight management intervention","authors":"Alicia Persaud,&nbsp;E. Whitney Evans,&nbsp;Meghan Perkins,&nbsp;Meg Simione,&nbsp;Erika R. Cheng,&nbsp;Mandy Luo,&nbsp;Rachel Burgun,&nbsp;Elsie M. Taveras,&nbsp;Lauren Fiechtner","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood obesity is a critical public health concern. One potential determinant to obesity that is less understood is food insecurity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the association of food security status on body mass index (BMI) change in a Pediatric Weight Management Intervention (PWMI) consistent with national treatment recommendations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analysis included 201 participants from the Healthy Weight Clinic (HWC). Using linear mixed models, we compared BMI and %BMIp₉₅ change per year between the food insecure group and food secure group, adjusting for baseline BMI, age and sex, and SNAP enrolment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In fully adjusted models, children in households with food insecurity had a 0.50 (0.26–0.74) kg/m² BMI increase per year and a 2.10 (1.02–3.19) %BMIp₉₅ increase per year compared to households that were food secure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When comparing the BMI effect of the HWC between the food insecure group and food secure group, those experiencing food insecurity in the HWC had an increase in BMI compared to those with food security. These findings suggest that food insecurity may reduce the effectiveness of PWMIs consistent with national recommendations; however, more studies should be conducted to better understand this relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leptin receptor expression in blood mononuclear cells of lactating women is associated with infant body weight: Potential role as a molecular biomarker","authors":"Agustina Malpeli,&nbsp;María Victoria Fasano,&nbsp;Marisa Sala,&nbsp;Pablo Obregón,&nbsp;Carla Casado,&nbsp;Ignacio Mendez,&nbsp;Lucrecia Fotia,&nbsp;Daniel Castrogiovanni,&nbsp;Ana Varea,&nbsp;Liliana Disalvo,&nbsp;Andrea Tournier,&nbsp;Lucía Mazziota,&nbsp;Daniela Rocha,&nbsp;Ana Luz Kruger,&nbsp;Laura Orellano,&nbsp;María F. Andreoli","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Molecular biomarkers of maternal leptin resistance associated with infant weight are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate gene expression of leptin receptor (LEPR), suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) and insulin receptor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of lactating women and their relationship with infant body weight and adiposity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At day 10 postpartum, maternal gene expression in PBMCs as well as leptin and insulin concentrations in plasma and milk were assessed (<i>n</i> = 68). Infant weight and BMI <i>z</i>-scores, skinfolds and arm circumference were obtained at 10 days and/or at 3 months old.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In mothers with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (OW/OB), LEPR expression was reduced (<i>p</i> = 0.013) whereas plasma and milk leptin and milk insulin concentrations were elevated. LEPR expression was positively related with infant weight <i>z</i>-score (Beta (95% CI): 0.40 (0.17, 0.63), <i>p</i> = 0.001) but not with leptin concentrations. SOCS3 expression was positively related with infant weight <i>z</i>-score (Beta (95% CI): 0.28 (0.04, 0.51), <i>p</i> = 0.024) and arm circumference (Beta (95% CI): 0.57 (0.32, 0.82), <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Relationships remained significant after adjusting for maternal and infant confounders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LEPR and SOCS3 gene expression in PBMCs are novel maternal molecular biomarkers that reflect leptin resistance and are associated with infant body weight and adiposity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Unintentional error in formula preparation and its simulated impact on infant weight and adiposity”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Altazan AD, Gilmore LA, Guo J, et al. Unintentional error in formula preparation and its simulated impact on infant weight and adiposity. Pediatr Obes. 2019; 14:e12564. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12564</p><p>There was a mistake in the results section of the summary:</p><p>‘Results: Nineteen percent of bottles (20 of 636) prepared contained the recommended amount of infant formula powder.’</p><p>Should read as: ‘Nineteen percent of the bottles (121 of 636)…’.</p><p>The revised Results summary is shown below:</p><p>Nineteen percent of the bottles (121 of 636) prepared contained the recommended amount of infant formula powder. Three percent were underdispensed, and 78% of bottles were overdispensed, resulting in 11% additional infant formula powder. Mathematical modelling feeding 11% above energy requirements exclusively for 6 months for male and female infants suggested that infants at the 50th percentile for weight at birth would reach the 75th percentile with increased adiposity by 6 months.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41085124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of paediatric obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease—A focus on emerging non-pharmacologic treatment strategies","authors":"Travis L. Piester,&nbsp;Nitin Jagtap,&nbsp;Rakesh Kalapala","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity in paediatrics has become one of the most serious public health concerns worldwide. Paediatric obesity leads to increased adult obesity and is associated with several comorbidities, both physical and psychological. Within gastroenterology, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common cause of paediatric liver disease and the most common cause of liver transplantation in young adults. Treatment for NAFLD largely focuses on treatment of obesity with weight loss strategies. Unfortunately, the traditional method of weight loss using multicomponent lifestyle modification (dietary changes, increased exercise and behavioural modification) has often led to disappointing results. In adult patients with obesity, treatment strategies have evolved to include bariatric surgery and, more recently, bariatric endoscopy. In paediatrics, the obesity and NAFLD epidemics will likely require this variety of treatment to address children in a personalized manner. Here, we present a review of paediatric obesity, paediatric NAFLD and the various treatment strategies to date. We focus on non-pharmacologic and emerging therapies, including bariatric surgery and bariatric endoscopy-based treatments. With such a large population of children and adolescents with obesity, further development of these treatments, including paediatric-focused clinical trials, is essential for these emerging modalities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6395240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential associations between television viewing, computer use, and adiposity by age, gender, and race/ethnicity in United States youth: A cross-sectional NHANES analysis","authors":"Jennifer Zink,&nbsp;Benmei Liu,&nbsp;Chih-Hsiang Yang,&nbsp;Kirsten A. Herrick,&nbsp;David Berrigan","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Time spent on screens and adiposity change rapidly from childhood to adolescence, with differences by gender and race/ethnicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Apply time-varying effect models (TVEMs) to a nationally representative sample of youth to identify the age ranges when the cross-sectional associations between television viewing, computer use, and adiposity are significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 8 to 15-year-olds (n = 3593) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2018) were extracted. TVEMs estimated the associations between television viewing, computer use, and fat mass index as dynamic functions of the participants' age, stratified by gender and race/ethnicity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TVEMs revealed age-specific statistically significant associations that differed by gender and race/ethnicity. Notably, computer use was related to higher adiposity in non-Hispanic White females aged 9.3–11.4 years (slope β-range: 0.1–0.2) and in non-Hispanic Black females older than 14.8 years (β-range: 0.1–0.5). In males, these age windows were 13.5–15.0 years (non-Hispanic White, β-range: 0.1–0.2), 11.4–13.0 years (non-Hispanic Black, β-range: 0.1–0.14), and older than 13.0 years (Hispanic, β-range: 0.1–0.4).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>More research during the specific age ranges in the demographic subgroups identified here could increase our understanding of tailored interventions in youth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6345108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}