Pediatric Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Caffeine and Nicotine Use and Optimal Obesity Measures for Adolescents: A Refugee Adolescent Study.","authors":"Basma Damiri, Hamza Abdul-Hafez, Motaz Saifi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The weight impact of caffeine and nicotine use by adolescents, unlike adults, has not been conclusively determined. The prevalence of obesity among adolescents, especially in vulnerable populations such as refugee adolescents, is a crucial public health concern. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of central obesity and its associated risk factors among refugee adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 on refugee teenagers aged 11-15 in four refugee camps in West Bank. Data was collected through surveys and anthropometric measurements to assess waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index. Statistical analyses evaluated the relationship between caffeine and nicotine use and central obesity measures while accounting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 454 participants (51.3% boys, 48.7% girls) were included in the study. The median age was 14.49 years, with a median BMI of 21.7. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24% and 21.1%, respectively. 14.1% had high waist circumferences. The study found significant associations between central obesity and cigarette smoking (p = 0.03), waterpipe smoking (p = 0.008) and energy drink (p = 0.016) and coffee (p = 0.027) consumption. Adjusted multiple logistic regression revealed an association between overweight status and energy drink consumption (AOR = 3.035, p = 0.009) and the interaction between energy drink and coffee consumption (AOR = 3.924, p = 0.010). Obese status showed a significant association with waterpipe smoking (AOR = 2.975, p = 0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Obesity is a significant health concern among Palestinian refugee adolescents, with various factors contributing to its prevalence. Central obesity, in particular, is associated with increased health risks, emphasising the importance of identifying its determinants, including caffeine and nicotine use among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Effect of Infant Rapid Weight Gain on the Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and the Risk of Obesity Later in Life","authors":"Carlos Nagore González,&nbsp;Iris Iglesia Altaba,&nbsp;Cristina Guillén Sebastián,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Alvarez Sauras,&nbsp;Sheila García Enguita,&nbsp;Luis A. Moreno,&nbsp;Gerardo Rodríguez","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a global health problem, with an impact on future health. Early factors such as infant feeding and rapid weight gain (RWG) may play a role in its development. However, their contribution is not fully understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To analyse associations and potential interactions between the type of infant feeding during the first 4 months of age, RWG and later development of obesity in children at 6 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This observational longitudinal study examines growth in 834 children born at term with adequate weight for their gestational age. Data were collected from birth to 6 years, focusing on weight, height and body mass index (BMI) z-scores. The relationships between infant feeding, RWG, and BMI at 6 years were explored using mediation models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Formula-fed infants showed higher BMI z-scores and obesity prevalence at 6 years compared to exclusively breastfed infants (<i>p</i> = 0.012 and <i>p</i> = 0.003 respectively). RWG also was associated with higher BMI z-scores and obesity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 in both cases), with formula-fed infants more likely to experience RWG (39.7% vs. 32.2%; <i>p</i> = 0.036). Mediation analysis revealed that the association between feeding type and BMI at 6 years is partly positively mediated by infant RWG up to 6 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infant feeding practices, particularly exclusive breastfeeding in the first 4 months, are associated with weight and BMI trajectories up to 6 years. Rapid weight gain mediates this relationship in the first 6 months, but from 6 to 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in an Urban Paediatric Cohort With High Socioeconomic Deprivation","authors":"Christine Brichta,&nbsp;Ariel Porto,&nbsp;Mark Fishbein,&nbsp;Saeed Mohammad,&nbsp;Catherine A. Chapin","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whether higher socioeconomic deprivation indices are associated with more severe paediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to evaluate differences in MASLD characteristics and social deprivation in a cohort of urban children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study of 277 paediatric patients ≤ 18 years old evaluated between January 2009 and December 2019 with a suspected diagnosis of MASLD who underwent liver biopsy. Patients were classified as having metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) based on their NAFLD Activity Score (NAS). Fibrosis was determined based on biopsy presence. Social deprivation index (SDI) scores were calculated using patient address.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients were predominantly Hispanic males with obesity and a median age of 12 years. Median SDI score was 85 (65–93). Median ALT was significantly higher in patients with MASH compared with MASLD (136 vs. 92 IU/L, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) or with fibrosis compared with no fibrosis (120 vs. 68 IU/L, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). High SDI group patients had a significantly higher median AST (60 vs. 47 IU/L, <i>p</i> = 0.022), NAS score (4 vs. 3, <i>p</i> = 0.026) and rates of bridging fibrosis (24% vs. 10%, <i>p</i> = 0.023) compared with the lower SDI group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Within a cohort of predominantly Hispanic children with MASLD and high socioeconomic disadvantage, there are significant laboratory and histologic differences in patients with higher SDI scores, suggesting increased MASLD severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144566865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of community-based childhood obesity prevention interventions in Australia by socio-economic position: An individual participant data meta-analysis","authors":"Jane Jacobs,&nbsp;Kathryn Backholer,&nbsp;Steven Allender,&nbsp;Vicki Brown,&nbsp;Liliana Orellana,&nbsp;Rachel Novotny,&nbsp;Luke Wolfenden,&nbsp;Marj Moodie,&nbsp;Melanie Nichols","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Community-based interventions (CBIs) to prevent childhood obesity show promise in reducing body mass index z-scores (zBMI). Assessing whether this approach produces equitable outcomes across socio-economic sub-groups is typically limited by inadequate sample size. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of CBIs on zBMI and weight-related behaviours by socio-economic position (SEP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individual participant data meta-analysis using seven Australian childhood obesity prevention CBIs conducted between 2003 and 2022. Trials used consistent intervention approaches, objectively measured height and weight, and self- or parent-reported behaviours, and lasted 2–4 years. Area-level SEP was estimated using Australian Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage tertiles based on home or school postcodes. Multi-level linear and logistic models estimated the intervention effect on zBMI and behaviours across SEP levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While zBMI scores increased across all groups, the increase was significantly greater in control compared to intervention students (difference: −0.036 [95%CI −0.065, −0.007]), among the 25 346 observations analysed. The effect of CBIs was greater in low compared to high SEP students (intervention effect difference = −0.10 [95%CI −0.18, −0.02]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity prevention CBIs may have greater impacts among children from low SEP areas, potentially contributing to reducing health inequities. Further research is needed to understand barriers to improving weight-related behaviours across socio-economic groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in obesity trends among US children and adolescents aged 2-19, 2011-2023.","authors":"Kathy Hu, Renee A Underwood, Yun Shen","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This brief report examined obesity prevalence among US youth from 2011 to 2023 using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Obesity prevalence significantly increased overall, particularly among non-Hispanic Black children and adolescents. Findings highlighted worsening racial disparities and underscored an urgent need for targeted early childhood obesity prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences across four major US urban areas in metabolic syndrome in the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth)","authors":"Lauren Iacono,&nbsp;Paola Filigrana,&nbsp;Monica Batalha,&nbsp;Krista M. Perreira,&nbsp;Linda C. Gallo,&nbsp;Bharat Thyagarajan,&nbsp;Martha L. Daviglus,&nbsp;Amber Pirzada,&nbsp;Alan M. Delamater,&nbsp;Frank J. Penedo,&nbsp;Kelly R. Evenson,&nbsp;Carmen R. Isasi","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although Hispanic/Latino youth experience a high burden of cardiometabolic risk factors, few studies address regional differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed differences between urban areas in metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic markers among US Hispanic/Latino youth and examined underlying factors explaining these differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-sectional study of youth (<i>n</i> = 1466, aged 8–16 years) in four US urban areas (Chicago, Bronx, Miami and San Diego) of the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latinos. Metabolic syndrome was ascertained following the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Socio-demographics, perceived environmental characteristics and diet quality were collected through questionnaires. Physical activity was measured using accelerometry. Survey regression models assessed the association between urban areas and metabolic syndrome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were differences across urban areas in socio-demographic, behavioural and perceived environmental characteristics. Relative to youth in the four urban areas, youth in Chicago (odds ratios [OR]: 2.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29, 4.42), but not Bronx and San Diego, had higher odds of metabolic syndrome, while youth in Miami had lower odds of this syndrome (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.85).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found differences across US urban areas in metabolic syndrome in Hispanic/Latino youth. Although behavioural and environmental characteristics partially explained these differences, future research is needed to understand persistent differences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean diet and obesity polygenic risk interaction on adiposity in European children: The IDEFICS/I.Family Study","authors":"Miguel Seral-Cortes,&nbsp;Gabin Drouard,&nbsp;Guiomar Masip,&nbsp;Leonie H. Bogl,&nbsp;Stefaan De Henauw,&nbsp;Ronja Foraita,&nbsp;Timm Intemann,&nbsp;Lauren Lissner,&nbsp;Denes Molnar,&nbsp;Rajini Nagrani,&nbsp;Valeria Pala,&nbsp;Catalina Picó,&nbsp;Paola Russo,&nbsp;Gianluca Tognon,&nbsp;Michael Tornaritis,&nbsp;Toomas Veidebaum,&nbsp;Marvin N. Wright,&nbsp;Pilar De Miguel-Etayo,&nbsp;Luis A. Moreno,&nbsp;Idoia Labayen,&nbsp;the IDEFICS/I.Family Consortia","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70023","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine whether changes in the Mediterranean Diet (MD) or any of its MD food groups modulate the genetic susceptibility to obesity in European youth, both in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For cross-sectional analysis, 1982 participants at baseline, 1649 in follow-up 1 (FU1) and 1907 in follow-up 2 (FU2), aged 2–16 years of the IDEFICS/I.Family studies were considered. For the longitudinal design, 1254 participants were included. Adherence to MD was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), and genetic susceptibility to high BMI was assessed with a polygenic risk score (BMI-PRS). Multiple linear regression models were fitted to estimate gene × MD effects on markers of obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In cross-sectional analyses, at baseline, higher MDS was associated with higher BMI in children with high genetic susceptibility (β = 0.12; 95% CI = [0.01, 0.24]). However, 6 years later, at FU2, higher MDS was associated with lower BMI (β = −0.19; 95% CI = [−0.38, −0.01]) in children with high genetic susceptibility, showing an attenuating MDS effect. Also in FU2, vegetables and legumes (V&amp;L) showed inverse associations with BMI (β = −0.01; CI = [−0.02, −0.00]) and WC (β = −0.02; CI = [−0.03, −0.00]) regardless of the obesity genetic risk, although the effect sizes were small. In the longitudinal analyses, no MDS-obesity associations or gene × diet interaction effects were observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In cross-sectional analysis (baseline and FU2), the MD modulated the association between obesity susceptibility and adiposity indicators in European youth, having an exacerbating effect in children measured during infancy years and an attenuating effect in early adolescent years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a care-coordinated responsive parenting intervention on obesogenic risk behaviours among mother–infant dyads enrolled in WIC","authors":"Yining Ma,&nbsp;Lisa Bailey-Davis,&nbsp;Amy M. Moore,&nbsp;Cara F. Ruggiero,&nbsp;Carolyn F. McCabe,&nbsp;Jennifer S. Savage","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70020","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrating health care and social care presents opportunities to deliver responsive parenting (RP) interventions for childhood obesity prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analysis examined the effect of an integrated RP intervention on infant obesogenic risk behaviours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This secondary analysis included 228 mother–infant dyads in the Women, Infants, and Children Enhancements to Early Healthy Lifestyles for Baby (WEE Baby) Care study, a pragmatic randomized clinical trial that integrated care between paediatric clinicians and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) nutritionists to encourage RP. Mothers were randomized to a 6-month RP intervention or standard care. The Early Healthy Lifestyle risk assessment tool was completed at infant ages 2 and 6 months. Logistic regression examined study group effects on obesogenic risk behaviours, while <i>t</i>-tests assessed study group effects on a total obesogenic risk behaviour score. Models adjusted for milk type and parity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>RP mothers were less likely to report nighttime feedings at 2 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07–0.62) and 6 months (aOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16–0.81); pressure to finish the bottle (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30–0.93) and using screens when feeding/playing at 2 months (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.17–0.67); and putting their infant to bed after 8:00 PM at 6 months (aOR 0.46, 95% CI 0.21–0.97). RP mothers had significantly lower obesogenic risk behaviour scores at 2 months (<i>p</i> = 0.009) but not at 6 months (<i>p</i> = 0.06) compared to standard care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The WEE Baby Care intervention decreased some obesogenic risk behaviours among WIC mother–infant dyads. Integrated care in health and social settings can be used to provide patient-centred RP guidance to improve early obesogenic risk behaviours in high-risk populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight loss following lisdexamfetamine in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and overweight and obesity","authors":"Mostafa Salama,&nbsp;Kaitlin Leopold,&nbsp;Roland Hentz,&nbsp;Seema Kumar","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine change in weight status following initiation of lisdexamfetamine in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and overweight or obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective chart review included children aged 2 to &lt;18 years treated with lisdexamfetamine for ADHD. Body mass index (BMI) data for up to 2 years after initiation of lisdexamfetamine were analysed using linear mixed effects models with autoregressive-1 correlation structure on time of follow-up per patient.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The analysis included 330 children ≤18 years, median age 10 years (interquartile range 8.1–13) comprising 55 children with severe obesity, 88 with mild-moderate obesity, 131 with overweight and 56 with healthy weight, 68% male and 32% female. At 2 years after initiation of lisdexamfetamine in the severe obesity group, the BMI <i>Z</i>-score decreased by −0.41 (95% confidence intervals [CI] [−0.57, −0.25], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and BMI percent of the 95th percentile decreased by −11.2% (95% CI [−15.8 to −6.7], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In the mild–moderate obesity group, BMI <i>Z</i>-score decreased by −0.44 (95% CI [−0.56, −0.31], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and BMI% of the 95th percentile decreased by −11.1% at 24 months (95% CI [−13.9 to −8.4], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In the mild–moderate obesity and overweight groups, younger children (ages 4–10) showed greater reduction in their BMI (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.029, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduction in BMI for age was noted for up to 2 years following initiation of lisdexamfetamine in children with ADHD and overweight and obesity. Further studies are warranted to study the weight loss effect of lisdexamfetamine in children with obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic and ethnic inequalities in total and central obesity, and physical fitness among preschool children: Insights from the PREFIT project","authors":"Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez,&nbsp;Jorge R. Fernández-Santos,&nbsp;Mairena Sánchez-López,&nbsp;Natalia García-Corada,&nbsp;Diego Moliner-Urdiales,&nbsp;Nuria Romero-Parra,&nbsp;Manuel A. Rodriguez Perez,&nbsp;Pere Palou,&nbsp;Cecilia Dorado-García,&nbsp;German Vicente-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Francisco B. Ortega,&nbsp;David Jiménez-Pavón","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity and physical fitness are known to be influenced by various geographic factors and ethnicity in children. However, there is limited evidence on the level to which these factors can influence very early in life, at preschool age. This study aimed to describe and compare total and central obesity and physical fitness according to geographic factors and ethnicity in preschoolers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study included 3179 preschoolers (4.6 ± 0.9y, 52.8% boys). Geographic factors (location and type of area: rural/urban) were assessed based on the school setting, while ethnicity was determined through parental self-report. Total and central obesity and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, speed-agility, balance) were assessed using the PREFIT battery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preschoolers from southern regions of Spain presented higher total obesity along with lower performance in cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscular strength compared to their northern peers (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.017). However, they demonstrated greater levels of upper-limb muscular strength and balance (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Preschoolers from rural areas of Spain showed higher central obesity but better fitness performance compared to those from urban areas (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.004). White and African preschoolers showed lower levels of total and central obesity than Latin preschoolers (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.003) and performed better in upper-limb muscular strength and speed–agility compared to Asian or Latin preschoolers (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.037).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights significant physical health inequalities among preschoolers based on geographical factors and ethnic backgrounds. These findings underscore the need for targeted public health strategies to address socioeconomic and environmental determinants of early-life health disparities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}