Pediatric Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal assessment of brain structure and behaviour in youth with rapid weight gain: Potential contributing causes and consequences","authors":"Shana Adise,&nbsp;Andrew T. Marshall,&nbsp;Sage Hahn,&nbsp;Shaomin Zhao,&nbsp;Eric Kan,&nbsp;Kyung E. Rhee,&nbsp;Megan M. Herting,&nbsp;Elizabeth R. Sowell","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12985","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Independent of weight status, rapid weight gain has been associated with underlying brain structure variation in regions associated with food intake and impulsivity among pre-adolescents. Yet, we lack clarity on how developmental maturation coincides with rapid weight gain and weight stability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified brain predictors of 2-year rapid weight gain and its longitudinal effects on brain structure and impulsivity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development^SM Study®. Youth were categorized as Healthy Weight/Weight Stable (WS_HW, <i>n</i> = 527) or Weight Gainers (WG, <i>n</i> = 221, &gt;38lbs); 63% of the WG group were healthy weight at 9-to-10-years-old.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A fivefold cross-validated logistic elastic-net regression revealed that rapid weight gain was associated with structural variation amongst 39 brain features at 9-to-10-years-old in regions involved with executive functioning, appetitive control and reward sensitivity. Two years later, WG youth showed differences in change over time in several of these regions and performed worse on measures of impulsivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that brain structure in pre-adolescence may predispose some to rapid weight gain and that weight gain itself may alter maturational brain change in regions important for food intake and impulsivity. Behavioural interventions that target inhibitory control may improve trajectories of brain maturation and facilitate healthier behaviours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5693235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood sleep and obesity risk: A prospective cohort study of 10 000 Swedish children","authors":"Ban Danial,&nbsp;Tomas Faresj?,&nbsp;Mats Fredriksson,&nbsp;Johnny Ludvigsson","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12983","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify factors affecting early childhood sleep, and investigate the relationship between sleep and overweight/obesity in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected using parental-completed questionnaires from <i>N</i> = 10.840 one-year-old children in the prospective ABIS-study (All Babies in Southeast Sweden), followed up until 8 years of age. Chi-squared test and Pearson Correlation were used to assess the relationship between covariates affecting the children's sleep. Subsequently, longitudinal mixed model analyses were used to predict the effect of different sleep dimensions (bedtime, sleep duration, sleep quality, and the number of awakenings) on BMI Z-scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children to parents born in Sweden, parents with higher education, non-single parents, non-smoking mothers during pregnancy, and children with fewer siblings, were more likely to have appropriate sleep habits at 1 year age. A greater number of awakenings and nocturnal feeds, and particularly later bedtime (<i>β</i> = −0.544, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) were linked to shorter sleep duration. Sleep duration early in life was negatively associated with BMI Z-scores (adjusted effect estimate [95% CI]: <i>β</i> = −0.09, [(−0.15) – (−0.03)], <i>p</i> = 0.005) later. In addition, higher birth weight, small size for gestational age, unhealthy food habits, children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy, and higher parental BMI resulted in higher BMI Z-scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The child's BMI Z-score increases by 0.09 units with every hour shorter sleep duration, indicating that short sleep duration might increase the risk of overweight and obesity in children. Parental educational interventions advising appropriate sleeping patterns should be considered when implementing strategies to combat the development of childhood obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.12983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5826488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term complications and post-acute sequelae in hospitalized paediatric patients with COVID-19 and obesity: A multicenter cohort study","authors":"Gonzalo Valenzuela,&nbsp;Gonzalo Alarcón-Andrade,&nbsp;Clara Schulze-Schiapacasse,&nbsp;Rocío Rodríguez,&nbsp;Tamara García-Salum,&nbsp;Catalina Pardo-Roa,&nbsp;Jorge Levican,&nbsp;Eileen Serrano,&nbsp;María José Avenda?o,&nbsp;Monserrat Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Loreto Godoy,&nbsp;Pamela Céspedes,&nbsp;Sandra Bermudez,&nbsp;Javiera Aravena,&nbsp;Irini Nicolaides,&nbsp;Eliana Martínez,&nbsp;Constanza Gómez-Canobbio,&nbsp;Macarena Jofré,&nbsp;Andrea Salinas,&nbsp;Daniela Depaoli,&nbsp;Carolina Loza,&nbsp;Andrés Mu?oz,&nbsp;Natalia Ormazábal,&nbsp;Diana Manzur,&nbsp;José Barriga,&nbsp;Leonardo I. Almonacid,&nbsp;Estefany Poblete-Cárdenas,&nbsp;Erick Salinas,&nbsp;Andrés Mu?oz-Marcos,&nbsp;Salesa Barja,&nbsp;Rafael A. Medina","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12980","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity increases the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 illness in adults. The role of obesity in short-term complications and post-acute sequelae in children is not well defined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the relationship between obesity and short-term complications and post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized paediatric patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An observational study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals, including paediatric hospitalized patients with a confirmatory SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR from March 2020 to December 2021. Obesity was defined according to WHO 2006 (0–2 years) and CDC 2000 (2–20 years) growth references. Short-term outcomes were intensive care unit admission, ventilatory support, superinfections, acute kidney injury, and mortality. Neurological, respiratory, and cardiological symptoms and/or delayed or long-term complications beyond 4 weeks from the onset of symptoms were considered as post-acute sequalae. Adjusted linear, logistic regression and generalized estimating equations models were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 216 individuals were included, and 67 (31.02%) of them had obesity. Obesity was associated with intensive care unit admission (aOR = 5.63, CI95% 2.90–10.94), oxygen requirement (aOR = 2.77, CI95% 1.36–5.63), non-invasive ventilatory support (aOR = 6.81, CI95% 2.11–22.04), overall superinfections (aOR = 3.02 CI95% 1.45–6.31), and suspected bacterial pneumonia (aOR = 3.00 CI95% 1.44–6.23). For post-acute sequalae, obesity was associated with dyspnea (aOR = 9.91 CI95% 1.92–51.10) and muscle weakness (aOR = 20.04 CI95% 2.50–160.65).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In paediatric hospitalized patients with COVID-19, severe short-term outcomes and post-acute sequelae are associated with obesity. Recognizing obesity as a key comorbidity is essential to develop targeted strategies for prevention of COVID-19 complications in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.12980","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5826487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of maternal insulin sensitivity during pregnancy with childhood central adiposity in the Genetics of Glucose regulation in Gestation and Growth (Gen3G) cohort","authors":"Nidhi Ghildayal,&nbsp;Catherine Allard,&nbsp;Kasandra Blais,&nbsp;Myriam Doyon,&nbsp;Melina Arguin,&nbsp;Luigi Bouchard,&nbsp;Patrice Perron,&nbsp;Marie-France Hivert","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12982","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Childhood obesity has been associated with prenatal exposure to maternal hyperglycaemia, but we lack understanding about maternal insulin physiologic components that contribute to this association.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluate the association between maternal insulin sensitivity during pregnancy and adiposity measures in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 422 mother–child pairs, we tested associations between maternal insulin sensitivity measures at ~26 weeks of pregnancy and child adiposity measures, including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition and anthropometry (body mass index and waist circumference) at ~5 years. We used linear regression analyses to adjust for maternal age, ethnicity, gravidity, first-trimester body mass index, and child sex and age at mid-childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In early pregnancy, maternal mean age was 28.6 ± 4.3 years and median body mass index was 24.1 kg/m². Lower maternal insulin sensitivity indices were correlated with greater child adiposity based on anthropometry measures and on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry total and trunk % fat in univariate associations (r = −0.122 to −0.159). Lower maternal insulin sensitivity was specifically associated with higher dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry trunk % fat (<i>n</i> = 359 for Matsuda; <i>β</i> = −0.034 ± 0.013; <i>p</i> = 0.01) after adjustment for covariates, including maternal body mass index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Maternal insulin sensitivity during pregnancy may contribute to increased risk for higher offspring central adiposity in middle childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.12982","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6198330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian variation of serum leptin and adipose tissue changes in children","authors":"Anna Zenno,&nbsp;Sheila M. Brady,&nbsp;Loie M. Faulkner,&nbsp;Kaitlin L. Ballenger,&nbsp;Syeda Fatima,&nbsp;Jack A. Yanovski","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12984","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher morning serum leptin values are associated with larger adipose tissue gains in children; however, it is unclear if leptin circadian variation is itself associated with adipose tissue changes during growth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We studied the association of circadian variation in leptin with change in total body fat mass (TBFM), total body percentage fat (%FM), and trunk fat mass (TrFM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline serum samples for leptin were obtained every 3 h for 24 h from 130 children (baseline age 9.6 ± 2.5y; 51.1% male; BMI-Z 1.59) with mean follow-up of 11.1 ± 4.0y and underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. ANCOVA models examined change in TBFM, %FM, or TrFM as dependent variables and number of years of follow-up, sex, race, baseline age, pubertal status, initial visit body composition, and initial visit serum leptin circadian variables (maximal diurnal leptin [acrophase], diurnal amplitude, and percentage change of amplitude) as independent factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although initial visit mesor (24 h average) leptin was positively associated with initial visit TBFM (r² = 0.78, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), %FM (r² = 076, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and TrFM (r² = 0.71, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), none of the circadian leptin variables studied was significantly associated with change in TBFM, %FM, or TrFM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found no evidence that circadian variation in serum leptin concentrations during childhood is associated with long-term changes in children's adiposity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.12984","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6046682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between weight status and academic achievement in primary school children","authors":"Amanda Watson,&nbsp;Ninoshka J. D'Souza,&nbsp;Anna Timperio,&nbsp;Dylan P. Cliff,&nbsp;Anthony D. Okely,&nbsp;Kylie D. Hesketh","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12975","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evidence for longitudinal associations between childhood weight status and academic achievement remains unclear due to considerable heterogeneity in study design, measures of academic achievement and appropriate categorization of weight status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine longitudinal associations between childhood weight status (underweight, healthy weight, overweight/obese) and academic achievement in the transition from preschool to primary (elementary) school among Australian school children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were from the Healthy Active Preschool and Primary Years study. Height and weight, for calculating BMI were measured at baseline (preschool age 3–5 years; 2008/9) and follow-up (primary school age 6–8 years; 2011/12). Academic achievement was measured at age 9 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No associations between BMI <i>z</i>-score or weight category in the preschool years and later NAPLAN scores were found for boys. For girls, having a higher BMI <i>z</i>-score (<i>B</i> = −13.68, 95%CI: −26.61, −0.76) and being affected by overweight (<i>B</i> = −33.57, 95%CI: −61.50, −5.24) in preschool was associated with lower language scores. Remaining affected by overweight from preschool to primary school was associated with lower numeracy (<i>B</i> = −25.03, 95%CI: −49.74, −0.33), spelling (<i>B</i> = −33.5, 95%CI: −63.43, −3.58), language (<i>B</i> = −37.89, 95%CI: −72.75, −3.03) and total achievement scores (<i>B</i> = −24.24, 95%CI: −44.85, −3.63) among girls. For boys, becoming affected by overweight was associated with lower spelling (<i>B</i> = −38.76, 95%CI: −73.59, −3.93) and total achievement scores (<i>B</i> = −27.70, 95%CI: −54.81, −0.58).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Associations between being affected by overweight/obesity and poorer academic achievement were more pronounced in girls than boys, indicating potentially inequitable impacts of excess weight and highlighting the greater need for intervention among girls. However, stronger study designs are needed to confirm our findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.12975","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5765879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between gestational weight gain and risk of overweight at 3 years old: The Japan Environment and Children's Study","authors":"Kanami Tanigawa,&nbsp;Yoko Kawanishi,&nbsp;Satoyo Ikehara,&nbsp;Takashi Kimura,&nbsp;Kimiko Ueda,&nbsp;Tadashi Kimura,&nbsp;Keiichi Ozono,&nbsp;Hiroyasu Iso,&nbsp;the Japan Environment and Children's Study Group","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12978","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is unclear if gestational weight gain (GWG) increases the risk of children with overweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the association between GWG and the risk of overweight in 3-year-old children in the Japanese nationwide birth cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 64 336 singleton births, we calculated the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of the association between GWG categories and children with overweight, following an adjustment of the confounding variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GWG was positively associated with the risk of overweight among 3-year-old children. The multivariable RR (95% CI) was 1.21 (1.17–1.25) per 5 kg increase of the GWG. The multivariable RR (95% CI) for excessive GWG was 1.20 (1.12–1.28) and 1.27 (1.16–1.39) based on the modified Japanese and IOM criteria, respectively, compared to adequate GWG. The multivariable RR (95% CI) of overweight with children for inadequate versus adequate GWG was 0.83 (0.78–0.88) and 0.84 (0.79–0.89) based on the modified Japanese and IOM criteria, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GWG was positively associated with a high risk of overweight at 3 years of age. The risk of offspring overweight was 20%–27% higher and 16%–17% lower with excessive GWG and inadequate GWG, respectively, compared to adequate GWG, based on the aforementioned criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.12978","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6240707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between maternal metabolic parameters during pregnancy and fetal and child growth trajectories from 20 weeks' gestation to 5 years of age: Secondary analysis from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study","authors":"Helena C. Bartels,&nbsp;Linda M. O'Keeffe,&nbsp;Cara A. Yelverton,&nbsp;Kate N. O'Neill,&nbsp;Aisling A. Geraghty,&nbsp;Eileen C. O'Brien,&nbsp;Sarah Louise Killeen,&nbsp;Ciara McDonnell,&nbsp;Fionnuala M. McAuliffe","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12976","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the association between maternal metabolic parameters in pregnancy and growth trajectories up to 5 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from mother–child pairs who participated in the ROLO study, a randomized trial examining the impact of a low glycaemic index diet on the recurrence of macrosomia, were analysed. Fetal and child growth trajectories were developed from longitudinal measurements from 20 weeks gestation up to 5 years of age. We examined associations between maternal fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and leptin, taken in early pregnancy (14–16 weeks) and late pregnancy (28 weeks), and weight (kg) and abdominal circumference (cm) trajectories using linear spline multilevel models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found no strong evidence of associations between any maternal metabolic parameters and fetal to childhood weight and abdominal circumference trajectories from 20 weeks gestation to 5 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a cohort of women with obesity with infants at risk of macrosomia, maternal metabolic markers were not strongly associated with trajectories of weight or abdominal circumference from 20 weeks gestation to 5 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.12976","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5693383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and offspring with overweight/obesity at preschool age: The possible role of epigenome-wide DNA methylation changes in cord blood","authors":"Ruixia Chang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Jiahong Sun,&nbsp;Ke Xu,&nbsp;Chunan Li,&nbsp;Jingli Zhang,&nbsp;Wenhua Mei,&nbsp;Hongzhong Zhang,&nbsp;Jianduan Zhang","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12969","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Epigenome-wide association studies have identified some DNA methylation sites associated with body mass index (BMI) or obesity. Studies in the Asian population are lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the association of cord blood genome-wide DNA methylation (GWDm) changes with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and children's BMI-z score at preschool age. Additionally, we also explored the genome-wide differentially methylated regions and differentially methylated probes between preschoolers with overweight/obesity and normal-weight counterparts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This two-stage study design included (1) a GWDm analysis of 30 mother–child pairs from 633 participants of the Zhuhai birth cohort with data on newborn cord blood, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, and children's BMI at 3 years of age; and (2) a targeted validation analysis of the cord blood of ten children with overweight/obesity and ten matched controls to validate the CpG sites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the first stage, no significant CpG sites were found to be associated with children's BMI-z score at preschool age after <i>FDR</i> correction with the <i>p</i>-values of the CpG sites in <i>FOXN3</i> (cg23501836) and <i>ZNF264</i> (cg27437574) being close to 1 × 10⁻⁶. In the second stage, a significant difference of CpG sites in <i>AHRR</i> (chr5:355067-355068) and <i>FOXN3</i> (chr14: 89630264-89630272 and chr14: 89630387-89630388) was found between the ten children with overweight/obesity and ten controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The CpG sites in <i>FOXN3</i> (chr14:89630264-89630272 and chr14:89630295-89630296) and <i>ZNF264</i> (chr19: 57703104-57703107 and chr19: 57703301-57703307) were associated with children's BMI-z score; and the CpG sites in <i>FOXN3</i> (chr14: 89630264-89630272 and chr14: 89630387-89630388) were associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA methylation in <i>FOXN3</i> and <i>AHRR</i> is associated with overweight/obesity in preschool-aged children, and the methylation in <i>FOXN3</i> and <i>ZNF264</i> might be associated with children's BMI-z score. <i>FOXN3</i> methylation may be associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, suggesting its potential role in the children's BMI-z score or overweight/obesity. Our results provide novel insights into the mechanisms of children's obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6240726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal interventions and the development of childhood obesity","authors":"Sara Fortin-Miller,&nbsp;Brendel Plonka,&nbsp;Heather Gibbs,&nbsp;Danielle Christifano,&nbsp;Holly Hull","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.12981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12981","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excess maternal adiposity during pregnancy has lasting effects on child outcomes including increased risk of overweight/obesity, which drives disease development. Prenatal interventions are a potential avenue to curb childhood obesity rates, but little is known on their long-term influence on offspring adiposity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Review the evidence for lasting effects of prenatal interventions on child adiposity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three databases were searched for follow-up studies of completed prenatal RCTs that involved a diet, exercise, or combined (diet and exercise) intervention, and assessed offspring adiposity-related outcomes beyond birth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 18 follow-up studies describing 4277 offspring were included. Anthropometrics were collected in all studies while body composition was measured in 15 of the studies. Diet or exercise interventions did not have a consistent significant effect on child adiposity. Three combined interventions resulted in lower levels of child adiposity at 3, 6, and 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No strong association was found between prenatal diet, exercise, or combined interventions and child adiposity. Data are limited due to 63.6% overall retention rate for the follow-up studies and heterogeneity of intervention approach and child adiposity measures. Findings suggest combined interventions initiated early in pregnancy may decrease offspring adiposity in the first year of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5659211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}