Alicia Larruy-García, María L Miguel-Berges, Isabel Rueda-De Torre, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Dolores Corella, Alejandra Pérez, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Jesús Garcia-Gavilán, Paloma Flores-Barrante, J Alfredo Martínez, Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Indira Paz-Graniel, Alelí M Ayala-Marín, José Manuel Jurado-Castro, María José de la Torre-Aguilar, Irina Gheorghita, Luis A Moreno, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo
{"title":"地中海饮食与学龄前儿童身体成分的横断面关联。珊瑚的研究。","authors":"Alicia Larruy-García, María L Miguel-Berges, Isabel Rueda-De Torre, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Dolores Corella, Alejandra Pérez, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Jesús Garcia-Gavilán, Paloma Flores-Barrante, J Alfredo Martínez, Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Indira Paz-Graniel, Alelí M Ayala-Marín, José Manuel Jurado-Castro, María José de la Torre-Aguilar, Irina Gheorghita, Luis A Moreno, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.70014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity in children are rising globally, and the Mediterranean diet may help reduce obesity and related diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and body composition in Spanish preschool children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 1218 children aged 3-6 years from the CORALS cohort. Mediterranean diet adherence was evaluated using the validated MED4CHILD and COME-Kids F&B-FQ questionnaires. Body composition measurements included weight, height, waist circumference, BMI, Fat Mass (FM), Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), and Waist-to-Height ratio (WtHR). Multivariate regression and ANCOVA were used to examine associations, adjusting for factors like age, physical activity, and energy intake. We also performed a Cohen's d analysis to assess effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with more favourable body composition in children. Specifically, both the MED4CHILD score and the COME-Kids-derived score showed significant associations with BMI, FFMI, and Waist-to-Height ratio, showing differences by sex. Children who adhered to the Mediterranean diet exhibited lower BMI and higher fat-free mass, and a more favourable waist-to-height ratio. Additionally, although some measures showed weaker associations, all analyses highlighted a trend towards improved body composition with higher adherence. Cohen's d analysis showed small to moderate effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly linked to favorable body composition indices in Spanish children, highlighting the importance of promoting healthy dietary patterns to prevent overweight and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":" ","pages":"e70014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cross-sectional associations between Mediterranean diet and body composition in preschool children. CORAL study.\",\"authors\":\"Alicia Larruy-García, María L Miguel-Berges, Isabel Rueda-De Torre, Belén Pastor-Villaescusa, Rosaura Leis, Nancy Babio, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Dolores Corella, Alejandra Pérez, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Rosaura Picáns-Leis, Jesús Garcia-Gavilán, Paloma Flores-Barrante, J Alfredo Martínez, Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero, Rocío Vázquez-Cobela, Indira Paz-Graniel, Alelí M Ayala-Marín, José Manuel Jurado-Castro, María José de la Torre-Aguilar, Irina Gheorghita, Luis A Moreno, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/ijpo.70014\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity in children are rising globally, and the Mediterranean diet may help reduce obesity and related diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and body composition in Spanish preschool children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 1218 children aged 3-6 years from the CORALS cohort. Mediterranean diet adherence was evaluated using the validated MED4CHILD and COME-Kids F&B-FQ questionnaires. Body composition measurements included weight, height, waist circumference, BMI, Fat Mass (FM), Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), and Waist-to-Height ratio (WtHR). Multivariate regression and ANCOVA were used to examine associations, adjusting for factors like age, physical activity, and energy intake. We also performed a Cohen's d analysis to assess effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with more favourable body composition in children. Specifically, both the MED4CHILD score and the COME-Kids-derived score showed significant associations with BMI, FFMI, and Waist-to-Height ratio, showing differences by sex. Children who adhered to the Mediterranean diet exhibited lower BMI and higher fat-free mass, and a more favourable waist-to-height ratio. 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Cross-sectional associations between Mediterranean diet and body composition in preschool children. CORAL study.
Background: Overweight and obesity in children are rising globally, and the Mediterranean diet may help reduce obesity and related diseases.
Objective: To assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and body composition in Spanish preschool children.
Methods: This study included 1218 children aged 3-6 years from the CORALS cohort. Mediterranean diet adherence was evaluated using the validated MED4CHILD and COME-Kids F&B-FQ questionnaires. Body composition measurements included weight, height, waist circumference, BMI, Fat Mass (FM), Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), and Waist-to-Height ratio (WtHR). Multivariate regression and ANCOVA were used to examine associations, adjusting for factors like age, physical activity, and energy intake. We also performed a Cohen's d analysis to assess effect size.
Results: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with more favourable body composition in children. Specifically, both the MED4CHILD score and the COME-Kids-derived score showed significant associations with BMI, FFMI, and Waist-to-Height ratio, showing differences by sex. Children who adhered to the Mediterranean diet exhibited lower BMI and higher fat-free mass, and a more favourable waist-to-height ratio. Additionally, although some measures showed weaker associations, all analyses highlighted a trend towards improved body composition with higher adherence. Cohen's d analysis showed small to moderate effect sizes.
Conclusion: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly linked to favorable body composition indices in Spanish children, highlighting the importance of promoting healthy dietary patterns to prevent overweight and obesity.
期刊介绍：
Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large.
Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following:
Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes
Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity
Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity
Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition
Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention
Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment
Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity
Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition
Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents
Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.
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