Sensors最新文献 - Book学术

Bilevel Optimization for ISAC Systems with Proactive Eavesdropping Capabilities. 具有主动窃听能力的ISAC系统的双层优化。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134238

Tingyue Xue, Wenhao Lu, Mianyi Zhang, Yinghui He, Yunlong Cai, Guanding Yu

{"title":"Bilevel Optimization for ISAC Systems with Proactive Eavesdropping Capabilities.","authors":"Tingyue Xue, Wenhao Lu, Mianyi Zhang, Yinghui He, Yunlong Cai, Guanding Yu","doi":"10.3390/s25134238","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134238","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has attracted extensive attention as a key technology to improve spectrum utilization and system performance for future wireless sensor networks. At the same time, active surveillance, as a legitimate means of surveillance, can improve the success rate of surveillance by sending interference signals to suspicious receivers, which is important for crime prevention and public safety. In this paper, we investigate the joint optimization of performance of both ISAC and active surveillance. Specifically, we formulate a bilevel optimization problem where the upper-level objective aims to maximize the probability of successful eavesdropping while the lower-level objective aims to optimize the localization performance of the radar on suspicious transmitters. By employing the Rayleigh quotient, introducing a decoupling strategy, and adding penalty terms, we propose an algorithm to solve the bilevel problem where the lower-level objective is convex. With the help of the proposed algorithm, we obtain the optimal solution of the analog transmit beamforming matrix and the digital beamforming vector. Performance analysis and discussion of key insights, such as the trade-off between eavesdropping success probability and radar localization accuracy, are also provided. Finally, comprehensive simulation results validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm in enhancing both the eavesdropping success probability and the accuracy of radar localization.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Converging Minds: EEG Synchrony During Communication About Moral Decision-Making in Dyadic Interactions. 趋同思维：二元互动中道德决策沟通中的脑电图同步。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134239

Roberta A Allegretta, Katia Rovelli, Michela Balconi

{"title":"Converging Minds: EEG Synchrony During Communication About Moral Decision-Making in Dyadic Interactions.","authors":"Roberta A Allegretta, Katia Rovelli, Michela Balconi","doi":"10.3390/s25134239","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134239","url":null,"abstract":"Communication about moral decision-making involves complex emotional and cognitive processes, especially in critical situations. This study adopted a hyperscanning paradigm to explore neural convergence during moral negotiation. Twenty-six healthy young adults (mean age = 23.59 years; 16 women, 10 men), with no neurological or psychiatric conditions, were paired into 13 same-gender dyads at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore. Each dyad discussed a medical moral dilemma while their electrophysiological (EEG) activity was simultaneously recorded. Participants were first categorized according to their Dominant Reasoning Profile (DRP) (cognitive or affective), and subsequently convergence in DRP within the dyads was established. EEG band dissimilarities within each dyad were analyzed across frontal, temporo-central, and parieto-occipital regions. The results revealed significantly greater dissimilarity in frontal delta-band activity compared to parieto-occipital areas, regardless of the dyad's DRP. Such results might suggest different emotional and motivational reactions between the two individuals, reflecting a broader gap in how the moral decision-making process was interpreted and internalized by each member, despite their DRP. The EEG hyperscanning paradigm proves useful in the study and understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in social interaction about morally sensitive decisions and provides novel insights into dyadic brain dynamics.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screen Printing Conductive Inks on Textiles: Impact of Plasma Treatment. 丝网印刷导电油墨对纺织品的影响：等离子体处理。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134240

Julia Guérineau, Jollan Ton, Mariia Zhuldybina

{"title":"Screen Printing Conductive Inks on Textiles: Impact of Plasma Treatment.","authors":"Julia Guérineau, Jollan Ton, Mariia Zhuldybina","doi":"10.3390/s25134240","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134240","url":null,"abstract":"Textile-based wearable devices are rapidly gaining traction in the Internet of Things paradigm and offer distinct advantages for data collection and analysis across a wide variety of applications. Seamlessly integrating electronics in textiles remains a technical challenge, especially when the textiles' essential properties, such as comfort, breathability, and flexibility, are meant to be preserved. This article investigates screen printing as a textile post-processing technique for electronic integration, and highlights its versatility, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability in terms of design and customization. The study examines two silver-based inks screen-printed on an Oxford polyester textile substrate with a focus on substrate preparation and treatment. Before printing, the textile samples were cleaned with nitrogen gas and then subjected to low-pressure oxygen plasma treatment. For comparative analysis, two samples printed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) serve as a reference. The findings highlight the importance of plasma treatment in optimizing the printability of textiles and demonstrate that it notably improves the electrical properties of conductive inks. Despite some remaining challenges, the study indicates that screen-printed electronics show promising potential for advancing the development of e-textiles and sensor-integrated wearables.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automated Sidewalk Surface Detection Using Wearable Accelerometry and Deep Learning. 使用可穿戴加速度计和深度学习的自动人行道表面检测。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134228

Do-Eun Park, Jong-Hoon Youn, Teuk-Seob Song

{"title":"Automated Sidewalk Surface Detection Using Wearable Accelerometry and Deep Learning.","authors":"Do-Eun Park, Jong-Hoon Youn, Teuk-Seob Song","doi":"10.3390/s25134228","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134228","url":null,"abstract":"Walking-friendly cities not only promote health and environmental benefits but also play crucial roles in urban development and local economic revitalization. Typically, pedestrian interviews and surveys are used to evaluate walkability. However, these methods can be costly to implement at scale, as they demand considerable time and resources. To address the limitations in current methods for evaluating pedestrian pathways, we propose a novel approach utilizing wearable sensors and deep learning. This new method provides benefits in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness while ensuring a more objective and consistent evaluation of sidewalk surfaces. In the proposed method, we used wearable accelerometers to capture participants' acceleration along the vertical (V), anterior-posterior (AP), and medio-lateral (ML) axes. This data is then transformed into the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), a Kalman filter, a low-pass filter, and a moving average filter. A deep learning model is subsequently utilized to classify the conditions of the sidewalk surfaces using this transformed data. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model achieves a notable accuracy rate of 95.17%.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Fidelity Interactive Motorcycle Driving Simulator with Motion Platform Equipped with Tension Sensors. 配备张力传感器的运动平台的高保真交互式摩托车驾驶模拟器。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134237

Josef Svoboda, Přemysl Toman, Petr Bouchner, Stanislav Novotný, Vojtěch Thums

引用次数: 0

Optical Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring Using Aqueous Humor: A Review. 房水光学无创血糖监测综述。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134236

Haolan Xi, Yiqing Gong

{"title":"Optical Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring Using Aqueous Humor: A Review.","authors":"Haolan Xi, Yiqing Gong","doi":"10.3390/s25134236","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134236","url":null,"abstract":"This review explores optical technologies for non-invasive glucose monitoring (NIGM) using aqueous humor (AH) as media, addressing the limitations of traditional invasive methods in diabetes management. It analyzes key techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, polarimetry, and mid- and near-infrared spectral methods, highlighting their respective challenges, alongside emerging hybrid approaches like photoacoustic spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography. Crucially, the practical realization of these optical methods for portable NIGM hinges on advanced instrumentation. Therefore, this review also details progress in compact NIR spectrometers. While conventional systems often lack suitability, significant advancements in on-chip technologies-including miniaturized dispersive spectrometers and various on-chip Fourier transform systems (e.g., spatial heterodyne, stationary wave integral, and temporally modulated FT systems)-utilizing integration platforms like SOI and SiN are promising. Such innovations offer the potential for high spectral resolution, large bandwidth, and miniaturization, which are essential for developing practical AH-based NIGM systems to improve diabetes care.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

QP-Adaptive Dual-Path Residual Integrated Frequency Transformer for Data-Driven In-Loop Filter in VVC. 用于VVC数据驱动环内滤波器的qp -自适应双径残差集成变频器。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134234

Cheng-Hsuan Yeh, Chi-Ting Ni, Kuan-Yu Huang, Zheng-Wei Wu, Cheng-Pin Peng, Pei-Yin Chen

{"title":"QP-Adaptive Dual-Path Residual Integrated Frequency Transformer for Data-Driven In-Loop Filter in VVC.","authors":"Cheng-Hsuan Yeh, Chi-Ting Ni, Kuan-Yu Huang, Zheng-Wei Wu, Cheng-Pin Peng, Pei-Yin Chen","doi":"10.3390/s25134234","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134234","url":null,"abstract":"As AI-enabled embedded systems such as smart TVs and edge devices demand efficient video processing, Versatile Video Coding (VVC/H.266) becomes essential for bandwidth-constrained Multimedia Internet of Things (M-IoT) applications. However, its block-based coding often introduces compression artifacts. While CNN-based methods effectively reduce these artifacts, maintaining robust performance across varying quantization parameters (QPs) remains challenging. Recent QP-adaptive designs like QA-Filter show promise but are still limited. This paper proposes DRIFT, a QP-adaptive in-loop filtering network for VVC. DRIFT combines a lightweight frequency fusion CNN (LFFCNN) for local enhancement and a Swin Transformer-based global skip connection for capturing long-range dependencies. LFFCNN leverages octave convolution and introduces a novel residual block (FFRB) that integrates multiscale extraction, QP adaptivity, frequency fusion, and spatial-channel attention. A QP estimator (QPE) is further introduced to mitigate double enhancement in inter-coded frames. Experimental results demonstrate that DRIFT achieves BD rate reductions of 6.56% (intra) and 4.83% (inter), with an up to 10.90% gain on the BasketballDrill sequence. Additionally, LFFCNN reduces the model size by 32% while slightly improving the coding performance over QA-Filter.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Study on Distributed Multi-Sensor Fusion for Nonlinear Systems Under Non-Overlapping Fields of View. 非重叠视场下非线性系统分布式多传感器融合研究。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134241

Liu Wang, Yang Zhou, Wenjia Li, Lijuan Shi, Jian Zhao, Haiyan Wang

{"title":"A Study on Distributed Multi-Sensor Fusion for Nonlinear Systems Under Non-Overlapping Fields of View.","authors":"Liu Wang, Yang Zhou, Wenjia Li, Lijuan Shi, Jian Zhao, Haiyan Wang","doi":"10.3390/s25134241","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134241","url":null,"abstract":"To explore how varying viewpoints influence the accuracy of distributed fusion in asynchronous, nonlinear visual-field systems, this study investigates fusion strategies for multi-target tracking. The primary focus is on how different sensor perspectives affect the fusion of nonlinear moving-target data and the spatial segmentation of such targets. We propose a differential-view nonlinear multi-target tracking approach that integrates the Gaussian mixture, jump Markov nonlinear system, and the cardinalized probability hypothesis density (GM-JMNS-CPHD). The method begins by partitioning the observation space based on the boundaries of distinct viewpoints. Next, it applies a combined technique-the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and SOS (stochastic outlier selection)-to identify outliers near these boundaries. To achieve accurate detection, the posterior intensity is split into several sub-intensities, followed by reconstructing the multi-Bernoulli cardinality distribution to model the target population in each subregion. The algorithm's computational complexity remains on par with the standard GM-JMNS-CPHD filter. Simulation results confirm the proposed method's robustness and accuracy, demonstrating a lower error rate compared to other benchmark algorithms.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Data-Driven Image-Based Protocol for Brain PET Image Harmonization. 基于数据驱动图像的脑PET图像协调协议。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134230

Eva Štokelj, Urban Simončič, For The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

{"title":"Data-Driven Image-Based Protocol for Brain PET Image Harmonization.","authors":"Eva Štokelj, Urban Simončič, For The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.3390/s25134230","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134230","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative FDG-PET brain imaging across multiple centers is challenged by inter-scanner variability, impacting the comparability of neuroimaging data. This study proposes a data-driven image-based harmonization protocol to address these discrepancies without relying on traditional phantom scans. The protocol uses spatially normalized FDG-PET brain images to estimate scanner-specific Gaussian smoothing filters, optimizing parameters via the structural similarity index (SSIM). Validation was performed using images from cognitively normal individuals and Alzheimer's disease patients from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Results demonstrated robust harmonization at moderate target resolutions (8 and 10 mm FWHM), with filter estimates consistently within 1.2 mm of phantom-derived ground truths. However, at higher resolutions (6 mm FWHM), discrepancies reached up to 3 mm, reflecting reduced accuracy. These deviations were particularly evident for high-resolution scanners like HRRT, likely due to elevated noise levels and smaller sample sizes. The presented harmonization method effectively reduces inter-scanner variability in retrospective FDG-PET studies, especially valuable when phantom scans are unavailable. Nonetheless, the current limitations at finer resolutions underline the necessity for methodological refinements to meet the demands of evolving high-resolution PET imaging technologies.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrosion Risk Assessment in Coastal Environments Using Machine Learning-Based Predictive Models. 基于机器学习预测模型的沿海环境腐蚀风险评估。

IF 3.4 3区综合性期刊

Sensors Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/s25134231

Marta Terrados-Cristos, Marina Diaz-Piloneta, Francisco Ortega-Fernández, Gemma Marta Martinez-Huerta, José Valeriano Alvarez-Cabal

{"title":"Corrosion Risk Assessment in Coastal Environments Using Machine Learning-Based Predictive Models.","authors":"Marta Terrados-Cristos, Marina Diaz-Piloneta, Francisco Ortega-Fernández, Gemma Marta Martinez-Huerta, José Valeriano Alvarez-Cabal","doi":"10.3390/s25134231","DOIUrl":"10.3390/s25134231","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric corrosion, especially in coastal environments, presents a major challenge for the long-term durability of metallic and concrete infrastructure due to chloride deposition from marine aerosols. With a significant portion of the global population residing in coastal zones-often associated with intense industrial activity-there is growing demand for accurate and early corrosion prediction methods. Traditional standards for assessing atmospheric corrosivity depend on long-term empirical data, limiting their usefulness during the design stage of infrastructure projects. To address this limitation, this study develops predictive models using machine-learning techniques, namely gradient boosting, support vector machine, and neural networks, to estimate chloride deposition levels based on easily accessible climatic and geographical parameters. Our models were trained on a comprehensive dataset that included variables such as land coverage, wind speed, and orientation. Among the models tested, tree-based algorithms, particularly gradient boosting, provided the highest prediction accuracy (F1 score: 0.8673). This approach not only highlights the most influential environmental variables driving chloride deposition but also offers a scalable and cost-effective solution to support corrosion monitoring and structural life assessment in coastal infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":21698,"journal":{"name":"Sensors","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0