Molecular Nutrition & Food Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Genetic Susceptibility on Atopic Dermatitis in Adults","authors":"Rui Mao,&nbsp;Xin Meng,&nbsp;Tongtong Zhang,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Yun Zhong,&nbsp;Ji Li","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fatty acids (FAs) involvement in atopic dermatitis (AD) prevention is inconclusive, and the modification effect by genetic risk profiles remains unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the association between circulating FAs, genetic risk factors, and AD in adults. Utilizing the UK Biobank dataset, we evaluated the impacts of FAs on the risk of elderly-onset AD and explored the combined effects of FA levels and genetic susceptibility. Plasma omega-3 levels exhibited an inverse correlation with AD risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89–0.98), regardless of genetic predisposition. Individuals with low genetic risk and high omega-3 levels had the lowest AD risk, a 38% reduction compared to the reference category. Additionally, individuals with GA/AA on rs1692120 exhibited a significantly elevated AD risk, whereas those with more A alleles for rs174448 demonstrated a significantly diminished AD risk (both <i>p</i> trends &lt;0.05). These findings suggest that increasing omega-3 intake could be a preventive strategy against AD, and tailoring prevention strategies based on genetic predispositions may enhance intervention efficacy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutraceutical Blends Promote Weight Loss, Inflammation Reduction, and Better Sleep: The Role of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in Overweight Adults–A Double-Blind Trial","authors":"Aline Boveto Santamarina, Victor Nehmi Filho, Jéssica Alves de Freitas, Lucas Augusto Moysés Franco, Roberta Cristina Martins, Joyce Vanessa Fonseca, José Antônio Orellana Turri, Mariana Tedesco Hufnagel, Daniel Pecoraro Demarque, Bruna Fernanda Rio Branco da Silva, Arianne Fagotti Gusmão, Eloísa Helena Ribeiro Olivieri, Erica de Souza, Esther Alves de Souza, José Pinhata Otoch, Ana Flávia Marçal Pessoa","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.202400806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202400806","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the effects of a nutraceutical blend with prebiotics, β-glucans, essential minerals, and silymarin on gut microbiota, inflammation, and sleep quality in obesity through microbiota reshaping and metabolic improvements over 90 days. A double-blind, randomized trial was conducted on 77 participants divided into two groups receiving either a standard nutraceutical blend (NSupple) or a silymarin-enriched blend (NSupple_<i>Silybum</i>). Fecal and plasma samples were collected at baseline and post-supplementation for gut microbiota, metabolic, and inflammatory marker analysis. The results showed a reduction in body weight, waist-to-height ratio, total cholesterol, and fractions in the NSupple_<i>Silybum</i> group. There was a dysbiosis recovery shown by the increase in beneficial gut bacteria, such as Lentisphaerae phylum, <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> genera, and <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> in the NSupple group, with a concurrent reduction in <i>Adlercreutzia</i> and <i>Sutterella</i> in the NSupple_<i>Silybum</i> group. Both groups demonstrated improved inflammatory profiles by the reduced TNF-α/IL-10 ratio, reduced cortisol levels, and reduced Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio. Additionally, improvements in sleep quality were associated with reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved microbiota composition. The nutraceutical blend reshaped gut microbiota, enhanced anti-inflammatory species, and improved metabolic and sleep parameters, highlighting its potential as a nutritional strategy for managing obesity and reducing inflammation.","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ruditapes philippinarum Polysaccharide Alleviates Hyperglycemia by Modulating Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Zhuo Chen,&nbsp;Xiaodong Ge,&nbsp;Yaolin Wang,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhang,&nbsp;Yinzi Sui,&nbsp;Xuemei Yin,&nbsp;Na Wu,&nbsp;Lei Yang,&nbsp;Jianda Xu,&nbsp;Hongcheng Zhou,&nbsp;Qin Wu,&nbsp;Feng Zeng,&nbsp;Liang Liu,&nbsp;Rong Shao,&nbsp;Wei Xu","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.202400996","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.202400996","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a widespread chronic metabolic disorder, presents a global challenge. Metformin hydrochloride, although widely prescribed, is associated with notable side effects. This study aims to explore safer, more effective alternatives by assessing the impact of <i>Ruditapes philippinarum</i> polysaccharides (RPPs) on glycemic control and modulation of microbiota in T2DM mice. A T2DM mouse model was established through a high-sucrose/high-fat diet and intraperitioneal streptozotocin injection. Glycometabolism indicators, histopathological features, and gut microbiota composition in caecum samples were assessed. Following 4 weeks of RPPs intervention, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated serum protein (GSP), area under the curve (AUC) of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels were reduced in T2DM mice, while AKT-1 and GLUT-2 transcription levels were significant increased. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations notably increased in the RPP-L group compared to the Model group, with improvements also observed in medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and secondary bile acids (SBAs). Regarding gut microbiota, the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in RPP-L was substantially lower than in the Model group. At the genus level, beneficial bacteria, such as <i>Akkermansia</i>, <i>Alloprevotella</i>, <i>Tidjanibacter</i>, and <i>Faecalibaculum</i> demonstrated increased abundance. Correlation analysis identified <i>Muribaculum</i>, <i>Paramuribaculum</i>, <i>Lacrimispora</i>, and <i>Turicibacter</i> as microbial taxa associated with T2DM progression. RPPs significantly alleviated hyperglycemic symptoms in T2DM mice while enhancing the presence of beneficial gut bacteria, leading to a marked improvement in intestinal microbiota composition. This research offers foundational insights for the potential use of <i>R. philippinarum</i> in biomedical and nutraceutical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cationic Lipid-Assisted PEG-b-PLA Nanoparticles Achieve Long-Lasting Targeted Delivery of Natural Hydrophobic Antioxidants","authors":"Lu Dong,&nbsp;Shuiqing Jiang,&nbsp;Wenyong Lou,&nbsp;Congfei Xu,&nbsp;Juan Wang","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.202400703","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.202400703","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Natural hydrophobic antioxidants (e.g., β-carotene and naringenin) are severely limited in their application due to their low solubility and high sensitivity properties. In this study, cationic lipid-assisted nanoparticles loaded with β-carotene (NP-BC) and naringenin (NP-NAR), respectively, were fabricated and characterized, and their digestive and metabolic behaviors were evaluated using static digestion models and in vivo imaging. The particle size and potential of cationic polymer nanoparticles changed during digestion but retained their structural integrity, which was conducive to targeted drug delivery to the liver and prolonged the in vivo circulation of the drug. It is noteworthy that whereas NP-BC was more advantageous in lowering hepatic fat deposition, NP-NAR successfully limited weight gain. This study proved that cationic polymer nanoparticles are promising carriers for transporting natural hydrophobic antioxidants and may be beneficial for improving nutrition absorption and targeted delivery to alleviate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) symptoms.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isoliquiritigenin, an Extract from Licorice, Attenuates Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy via Akt/mTOR Pathway","authors":"Xin Jiao,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhang,&nbsp;Zengguang Wang,&nbsp;Hanwen Chang,&nbsp;Yongjin Li,&nbsp;Binbin Wang,&nbsp;Yaokai Gan,&nbsp;Dongyun Gu","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Muscle atrophy is a pathological condition characterized by the excessive degradation of muscle proteins, leading to impaired physical performance. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a promising extract known for its medical effects; however, its impact on muscle atrophy remains unclear. We investigated the effects of ISL on muscle atrophy both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that 5-µM ISL exhibited no significant cytotoxicity on C2C12 cells, as reflected by cell count kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) tests. ISL increased the diameter of myotubes and downregulated forkhead box O proteins, muscle-specific RING finger protein 1 (MuRF-1), and Atrogin-1 induced by Dexamethasone (Dex). ISL could also enhance the phosphorylation of Akt, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), eIF4E-binding protein 1, and p70 S6 kinase in C2C12 myotubes. In animal experiments, ISL increased the muscle mass, improved the cross-sectional area of muscles, and inhibited the expression of MuRF-1 and Atrogin-1 in muscle tissues. For physical performance, ISL enhanced grip strength and running endurance. ISL ameliorated Dex-induced muscle atrophy both in vitro and in vivo, associated with increased diameter of myotubes and decreased Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 expression via the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. This suggested that ISL could be used as a natural drug for muscle atrophy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information: Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 4'25","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.70016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mnfr.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooked Broccoli Alters Cecal Microbiota and Impacts Microbial Metabolism of Glucoraphanin in Lean and Obese Mice","authors":"Anqi Zhao,&nbsp;Jiaxuan Li,&nbsp;Mark Peterson,&nbsp;Molly Black,&nbsp;Christopher A. Gaulke,&nbsp;Elizabeth H. Jeffery,&nbsp;Michael J. Miller","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.202400813","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.202400813","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Scope</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brassica vegetables contain unique compounds known as glucosinolates (GSLs), which, when hydrolyzed by plant or microbial myrosinase, form bioactive isothiocyanates (ITCs) that offer health benefits to the host. The present study evaluated the impact of cooked broccoli (broccoli myrosinase inactivated) consumption on cecal microbial metabolism of glucoraphanin (GRP) in lean and obese mice and characterized the changes in cecal microbiota following broccoli-containing diets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty lean and 20 diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were randomized to consume control or cooked broccoli supplemented diets for 7 days. Cooked broccoli consumption increased ex vivo microbial GRP hydrolysis by cecal contents collected from lean and obese mice, led to increased production of sulforaphane (SF), sulforaphane-cysteine (SF-CYS), total ITC, and colonic NAD(P)H: Quinone Oxidoreductase (NQO1) activity. Further investigation revealed increased abundance of health-promoting gut microbiota, including <i>Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group</i> and <i>Dubosiella newyorkensis</i>, following broccoli-containing diets. The <i>Peptococcaseae</i> family, the <i>Blautia</i> genus, and an amplicon sequence variation (ASV) from the <i>Oscillospiraceae</i> family exhibited negative correlation with total ITC production.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These finding suggest that cooked broccoli consumption enhances microbial GRP hydrolysis to produce more bioactive ITCs and inform future strategies toward altering microbial GSL metabolism to promote gut health in both lean and obese individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mnfr.202400813","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Oil and EPA Improve Insulin Sensitivity, in Part Through Adipocyte mTORC2 Activation in Diet-Induced Obese Male Mice","authors":"Érique Castro,&nbsp;Thayna S. Vieira,&nbsp;Álbert S. Peixoto,&nbsp;Bianca F. Leonardi,&nbsp;Caroline A. Tomazelli,&nbsp;Caroline A. Lino,&nbsp;Tiago E. Oliveira,&nbsp;Natália M. Pessoa,&nbsp;Erika V. M. Pessoa,&nbsp;Marina A. Abe-Honda,&nbsp;Natália Pontara-Corte,&nbsp;Luciano P. Silva-Junior,&nbsp;Ana B. Pires,&nbsp;Adriano B. Chaves-Filho,&nbsp;Naima Moustaid-Moussa,&nbsp;William T. Festuccia","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (<i>n</i>-3 PUFAs) improves rodent glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity through unknown mechanisms. We investigated the involvement of adipocyte Rictor/mTORC2 as a mediator of fish oil and <i>n</i>-3 PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) effects. Male mice bearing or not Rictor/mTORC2 deficiency in adipocytes were fed isocaloric high fat diets produced either with lard (HFD) or fish oil (HFn3) and evaluated for glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. HFn3 intake improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, increased glucose uptake in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle per unit of insulin, and reduced hepatic glucose production as well as adipose tissue and liver de novo fatty acid synthesis. Interestingly, this improvement in glucose homeostasis was concurrent with low serum insulin levels and increased content of Ser473 phosphorylated (p) Akt in adipose tissue, but not skeletal muscle and liver. Intake of an HFD supplemented with EPA increased, in an mTORC2-dependent manner, insulin sensitivity and adipocyte pAkt Ser473, but not glucose tolerance. In conclusion, adipocyte mTORC2 mediates in part the improvement in insulin sensitivity induced by fish oil and EPA, while the improvement in glucose tolerance induced by fish oil seems to be triggered by mTORC2-independent actions in muscle and liver.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Age-Dependent Anticancer Efficacy of Agaricus blazei Murill Polysaccharide in Colon Cancer","authors":"Yongzhao Xu,&nbsp;Tianxiong Xu,&nbsp;Chujun Huang,&nbsp;William Kwame Amakye,&nbsp;Kaiqiang Li,&nbsp;Ying Zhu,&nbsp;Jiaoyan Ren","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.202400733","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.202400733","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Agaricus blazei</i> Murill polysaccharide (ABMP) has been found to exhibit significant immune regulatory effects, making them a promising candidate for complementary to the pharmacological treatment of colorectal cancer immune-related diseases. As the prevalence of colorectal cancer among younger individuals increases, the possible age-dependent anticancer modulatory effect of ABMP has not been clarified. This study evaluated the age-dependent immunoregulatory efficacy of polysaccharides extraction from <i>A. blazei</i> in colon tumor. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and vibrational spectroscopic image analysis of subcutaneous tumor tissues after ABMP preventive intervention for 14 weeks were analyzed in depth. In vivo data demonstrated that ABMP could more effectively inhibit the growth of tumor in mice at 8 compared with 12 months old without toxic side effect. Concurrently, Raman imaging spectroscopy analysis showed that ABMP preventive intervention could significantly reduce the lipid content in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of 8-month-old subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice, suggesting that the changes in lipid content in TME are closely related to anticancer activity. These results stress the importance of considering age as a factor in polysaccharide adjuvant anticancer therapy. This work highlights for the first time that age is a key determinant in the ABMP preventive effectiveness by affecting lipid levels in the TME of tumor-bearing mice, thereby exerting anticancer activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apigenin Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes: Establishment of a New Insulin Resistance Model Induced by Combined Treatments","authors":"Xiaoxuan Guo,&nbsp;Bing Xia,&nbsp;Sha Liu,&nbsp;Ying Dong,&nbsp;Yongzhong Qian,&nbsp;Jing Qiu","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.202400545","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mnfr.202400545","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adipose tissue dysfunction due to insulin resistance (IR) plays a central role in the development of metabolic diseases. Obesity-associated IR greatly attributes to low-grade inflammation and high circulating levels of FFAs and sugar. 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to a mixture of TNF-α, fructose, and palmitate acid for 24 h were validated as a model to simulate the pathogenesis of IR in obese people under a high–fat–fructose diet. Results show that the combined induction medium (CIM) successfully induced IR in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by impairing insulin signaling pathway. In the meantime, MAPK (JNK, ERK) pathway and NFκB p65 were activated, which are signs of inflammation response. Moreover, CIM caused mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) was evoked by CIM through activating IRE1α/XBP1s, eIF2α, and ATF6. Apigenin could efficiently relieve IR in adipocytes through sensitizing insulin signaling pathway, exerting antioxidant activity, blocking the NFκB pathway, and suppressing ER stress. The present study may provide new tools in discovering preventive and intervention strategies for IR caused by low-grade inflammation and high–fat–fructose diets and provide a basis for the application of apigenin in IR and other IR-related diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"69 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143401492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}