Restorative neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Determining the Validity of 2D Motion Capture for Estimating Lower Extremity Joint Quasi-Stiffness During Gait in Chronic Stroke Survivors.","authors":"Sierra A Foley, Andrew F Moul, Chandramouli Krishnan, Edward P Washabaugh","doi":"10.1177/09226028251384400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028251384400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Altered joint stiffness is common after stroke, yet clinically feasible tools to objectively quantify joint stiffness during walking are lacking. Quasi-stiffness, defined as the slope of the joint torque-angle curve, can serve as a surrogate measure of stiffness; however, it typically requires expensive 3D motion capture systems. 2D motion capture is a potential low-cost alternative for measuring quasi-stiffness in the sagittal plane; however, it is unclear if it can accurately estimate quasi-stiffness in patient populations that often exhibit out-of-plane motions. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify the minimal data required to accurately estimate joint quasi-stiffness. To do so, we evaluated the agreement between quasi-stiffness measurements obtained from 3D data in fifteen individuals with chronic stroke and from a simulated set of 2D data reconstructed from the 3D coordinates. Lower-extremity kinematic and kinetic data during overground walking were collected using a 3D motion capture system and an embedded force plate. To simulate 2D data, 3D maker data were projected to a simulated camera lens positioned to view sagittal motions, and medio-lateral components of the ground reaction force data were removed. Joint angles and moments at the hip, knee, and ankle were computed for both datasets using inverse dynamics, and quasi-stiffnesses of these joints were estimated during the stance phase. A linear mixed model was used to evaluate the effects of quantification method (2D, 3D) and stroke limb (paretic, non-paretic) on quasi-stiffness. Bland-Altman analyses and Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate the agreement between 2D and 3D measurements. The results indicated that 2D quasi-stiffness measurements were generally in agreement with the 3D quasi-stiffness measurements (Δ: -0.008-0.007 Nm/deg/kg; ICC: 0.576-0.927 [range]), although the 2D measurements slightly overestimated quasi-stiffness for some joints. Additionally, we found that quasi-stiffness was significantly higher in the paretic limb when the ankle was plantarflexing (Δ: 0.024 Nm/deg/kg) compared to the non-paretic limb. The results of this study suggest that quasi-stiffness can be validly estimated using 2D data, supporting the development of low-cost 2D systems for clinical settings to measure and monitor joint stiffness after stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028251384400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Stroke Recovery Through Operant Conditioning of Corticomuscular Coherence.","authors":"Jasper I Mark, David Cunningham, Jessica M Cassidy","doi":"10.1177/09226028251379344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028251379344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As stroke results in deficits spanning multiple functional domains, interventions that promote neuroplasticity-like mechanisms across brain and body systems may optimize recovery. In this perspective, we propose a rehabilitation strategy combining operant conditioning with corticomuscular coherence (CMC), a neurophysiological marker of communication between brain and muscle. CMC reflects the synchrony of descending cortical drive with spinal motor output, serving as a real-time index of volitional control. We assert that reinforcing CMC through operant conditioning can strengthen movement-related neural circuits while simultaneously engaging cognitive systems responsible for motor planning, attention, and error correction. Drawing from motor learning, systems neuroscience, and neuroengineering evidence, we outline the conceptual rationale along with the translational potential and implementation challenges of this CMC-based operant conditioning approach. We posit that this framework offers a biologically plausible strategy to strengthen residual motor capacity and restore functional integration across disrupted circuits connecting brain and body systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028251379344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Pedal Control and Crash Risk Following Stroke: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Stefan Delmas, Prakruti Patel, Agostina Casamento-Moran, Evangelos A Christou, Neha Lodha","doi":"10.1177/09226028251379341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028251379341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Driving after stroke requires complex coordination of cognitive and motor systems, yet the influence of post-stroke cognitive impairment on lower limb motor control during driving remains poorly understood. This pilot study examined the association between cognitive function and lower limb motor control of gas/brake pedal control in stroke survivors. We hypothesized that compromised cognitive function would be associated with worse gas and brake pedal control. Twenty stroke survivors (65.89 ± 9.67 years; 6 females) participated. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Useful Field of View (UFOV) test scores for divided and selective attention. Participants performed a car-following task in a driving simulator requiring precise gas and brake control. Pedal control was quantified by gas pedal error, brake force error, and brake response time. Participants were categorized into cognitively normal and cognitively impaired groups (n=10 each). Driving behavior was assessed using the Driving Habits Questionnaire (DHQ), and crash risk was determined via UFOV classification. Increased gas pedal error was associated with poorer MoCA scores and selective attention deficits. Delayed brake response times correlated with lower MoCA scores and poorer divided and selective attention. Although self-reported driving behavior was comparable between groups, 60% of cognitively impaired participants demonstrated moderate to high crash risk compared to cognitively normal participants, who exhibited low crash risk. Cognitive impairment after stroke is significantly linked to impaired lower limb control during driving and elevated crash risk. These findings highlight an urgent need to integrate cognitive assessment along with motor assessments in post-stroke rehabilitation. Future advances in neuroengineering technologies, and personalized motor-cognitive interventions could play a critical role in restoring safe driving capabilities and mobility independence after stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028251379341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145125939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Neuroplasticity: The Role of Priming in Enhancing Post Stroke Motor Function.","authors":"Sangeetha Madhavan","doi":"10.1177/09226028251358162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028251358162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke remains a leading cause of disability worldwide, highlighting the need for innovative neurorehabilitation strategies to enhance recovery. Recent advancements emphasize neuroplasticity-the brain's ability to reorganize and form new connections-through targeted interventions. Among these, cortical priming has emerged as a promising approach to enhance neuroplasticity and improve motor recovery post-stroke by modulating brain excitability for optimal motor learning. This review explores the role of cortical priming in stroke rehabilitation, highlighting its ability to enhance neural excitability and plasticity in motor-related brain regions. Various priming techniques, including non-invasive brain stimulation (rTMS, tDCS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), movement-based priming, aerobic exercise, and sensory stimulation, are examined. Despite promising findings, challenges remain in optimizing protocols and addressing individual variability. Future directions focus on biomarker-driven rehabilitation, personalized strategies, and large-scale trials to integrate cortical priming into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028251358162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Descending Neural Drives from the Non-Injured Hemisphere and Lower Limb Motor Function and Gait Ability in Patients Following Severe Stroke.","authors":"Sora Ohnishi, Naomichi Mizuta, Naruhito Hasui, Yuki Sato, Junji Taguchi, Tomoki Nakatani, Shu Morioka","doi":"10.1177/09226028251358166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028251358166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe relationship between the functional recovery of patients in the subacute phase of stroke and descending neural drives from the non-injured hemisphere to the paretic lower limb muscles during movement remains unclear. We investigated this relationship in patients with severe paralysis.MethodsTwenty-nine patients with stroke were recruited and categorized into three groups based on paralysis severity. Within 1 month of admission, each patient received 10 min of anodal tDCS applied to the cortical motor areas of the injured or non-injured hemispheres. Each stimulation condition was performed in a random order, one day at a time, with a 7-day washout period. Before and after each stimulation, patients performed multiple voluntary knee extensions on the paretic side 20% of their maximal strength, sustained for 6 s. Coherence analysis of EMG signals from proximal and distal segments of the vastus medialis muscle was conducted to quantify common neural drive from each cortical motor-related area based on coherence variations before and post stimulation in each condition. We investigated the relationship between the excitability of the descending neural pathway from the non-injured hemisphere in the initial phase and motor function recovery at 3 months.ResultsNo significant differences emerged across groups in the change in coherence values when the non-injured hemisphere stimulated. However, within the severe group, an increase in β-band coherence following non-injured hemisphere stimulation correlated with greater recovery of paretic-side muscle strength and trunk function at 3 months.ConclusionOur findings deepen understanding of paralysis pathophysiology based on severity level and may support the development of targeted neuromodulation strategies to enhance motor recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028251358166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Balance Coordination Program on Postural Stability in Children with Dyslexia: An Observational Clinical Study.","authors":"Rekib Sacaklidir, Evrim Karadag Saygi, Kardelen Gencer Atalay, Nurullah Eren, Ayse Burcu Erdogdu Yıldırım","doi":"10.1177/09226028251347430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028251347430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe aim of study was to determine changes in the balance parameters after balance-coordination program in children with dyslexia.MethodsProspectively sixteen children with dyslexia were included. Balance parameters of dyslexic children were compared with healthy children. Dyslexic children were given balance coordination exercises three times a week for six weeks. The static and dynamic balance were tested with the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB) and Limits of Stability (LOS) tests and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Scale (PedsQL) was used to assess quality of life.ResultsPostural sway velocities on the firm and foam surfaces with eyes opened and closed conditions of mCTSIB were found to be decreased and movement velocity, endpoint excursion, and maximum excursion in anterior and posterior directions of LOS, social, school and total scores of PedsQL increased in the dyslexia group after the treatment (p < 0,01).ConclusionThe children with dyslexia have distinct alterations on balance compared to their peers. These alterations, along with their quality of life, have shown to be greatly improved after a exercise program.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028251347430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts from the 19th World Congress on Controversies in Neurology, Prague, Czech Republic, 20-22 March 2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/09226028251367822","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028251367822","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"3-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Term Improvement of Episodic Memory in Stroke Patients Following a Short Treatment with Prism Adaptation and Serious Games.","authors":"Massimiliano Oliveri, Agostino Stanzione, Giulia Caruso, Agnese Di Garbo, Patrizia Turriziani, Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo","doi":"10.1177/09226028241301367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028241301367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Episodic memory deficits are frequently encountered following stroke. Rehabilitation of these deficits is often associated with short term effects that do not persist at follow up times. Neuromodulation tools acting on alterations of excitation/inhibition dynamics could be useful for rehabilitation of episodic memory. Prism adaptation with visual field deviation ipsilateral to the affected hemisphere can specifically modulate brain excitability and lead to improvement of cognitive deficits in post-stroke patients. Here we investigated whether prism adaptation followed by digital cognitive training could induce long term improvement of episodic memory deficits in stroke patients as compared with traditional rehabilitation.Sixty stroke patients were recruited for the study. Thirty patients were treated with prism adaptation combined with serious games targeting executive processes, with a ten days protocol (<u>experimental group</u>); thirty patients were treated with conventional rehabilitation (<u>control</u> <u>group</u>). Patients were tested with a battery of neuropsychological tests, including verbal and visual episodic memory tasks at four times: at baseline (T0); immediately after the end of the rehab protocol (T1); after 3 months (T2); after six months (T3).The main results showed a significant long term effect of the experimental treatment on both immediate and delayed recall phases of the visual episodic memory task. The effects were not linked to the affected hemisphere (right vs. left), nor to the hemorrhagic or ischemic type of stroke nor to the cortical or subcortical site of lesion.These findings show for the first time an improvement of long term memory in stroke patients following the use of a medical device combining prism adaptation and digital cognitive training, paving the way to novel rehabilitation techniques for cognitive deficits in stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028241301367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal long-term potentiation is modulated by exercise-induced alterations in dopaminergic synaptic transmission in mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running.","authors":"Jessica Mai-Phuong Phan, Jiwon Yi, Julia Hope Amor Foote, Asia Rei Katsura Ayabe, Kevin Guan, Theodore Garland, Karen Diane Parfitt","doi":"10.1177/09226028241290400","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028241290400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHigh-Runner (HR) mice, selectively bred for increased voluntary wheel running behavior, exhibit heightened motivation to run. Exercise has been shown to influence hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory, and is neuroprotective in several neurodegenerative diseases.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the impact of intense running in HR mice with wheel access on hippocampal LTP, compared to HR mice without wheels and non-selected control (C) mice with/without wheels. Additionally, we investigated the involvement of D1/D5 receptors and the dopamine transporter (DAT) in LTP modulation and examined levels of these proteins in HR and C mice.MethodsAdult female HR and C mice were individually housed with/without running wheels for at least two weeks. Hippocampal LTP of extracellular field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) was measured in area CA1, and SKF-38393 (D1/D5 receptor agonist) and GBR 12909 (DAT inhibitor) were used to probe the role of D1/D5 receptors and DAT in LTP differences. Western blot analyses assessed D1/D5 receptor and DAT expression in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum.ResultsHR mice with wheel access showed significantly increased hippocampal LTP compared to those without wheels and to C mice with/without wheels. Treatment with SKF-38393 or GBR 12909 prevented the heightened LTP in HR mice with wheels, aligning it with levels in C mice. Hippocampal D1/D5 receptor levels were lower, and DAT levels were higher in HR mice compared to C mice. No significant changes were observed in other brain regions.ConclusionsThe increased hippocampal LTP seen in HR mice with wheel access may be related to alterations in dopaminergic synaptic transmission that underlie the neurophysiological basis of hyperactivity, motor disorders, and/or motivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"193-208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Pattern-Reversal Visual Stimulation on Brain Activity in Migraineurs and General Population.","authors":"Lívia Shirahige, Fernanda Nogueira, Lorena Melo, Ruxandra Ungureanu, Sérgio Rocha, Rodrigo Brito, Thyciane Mendonça, Abelardo de Farias, Maria das Graças Rodrigues de Araújo, Daniele Piscitelli, Kátia Monte-Silva","doi":"10.1177/09226028241292033","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028241292033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundA better understanding of migraine pathophysiology through standardized methods could facilitate the development of more effective therapeutic approaches for migraine sufferers. However, neurophysiological studies with migraine sufferers present larger variability, as most contain only a single measurement.ObjectiveThis observational study aimed to compare the cortical and visual excitability of migraine sufferers, individuals with other types of headaches, and healthy participants in response to pattern-reversal visual stimulation.MethodsFifty-nine individuals were classified by a neurologist into the following groups: (i) migraineurs (n = 25); (ii) other types of headaches (n = 23); (iii) healthy (n = 11). Habituation during pattern-reversal visual stimulation was assessed by visual evoked potentials. Visual and motor cortex excitability were evaluated before and after pattern-reversal visual stimulation.ResultsWe found no intergroup differences in motor and visual excitability measures after pattern-reversal visual stimulation. Compared to the healthy group, migraineurs and individuals with other types of headaches displayed a reduction in phosphene threshold after pattern-reversal visual stimulation. Additionally, an increase in visual cortical excitability in these groups was also observed. Lastly, the habituation in individuals with migraines and other types of headaches was lower compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, the lack of habituation may not be exclusively associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine.ConclusionIndividuals who experience headaches, including migraineurs, have an increased visual cortical excitability in response to visual stimuli. This finding is promising for guiding future neurophysiological research to identify cortical biomarkers in migraineurs and in other types of headaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"181-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}