Restorative neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"No Evidence of Hysteresis in Quadriceps or Hamstring Active Motor Evoked Potentials.","authors":"Adam Gardi, Kazandra M Rodriguez, Thomas E Augenstein, Riann M Palmieri-Smith, Chandramouli Krishnan","doi":"10.1177/09226028251330850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028251330850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe excitability of the corticospinal tract (<i>i.e.,</i> corticospinal excitability) is a valuable tool for assessing neurophysiology and the effectiveness of interventions in individuals with and without neurological and/or orthopaedic injuries. Corticospinal excitability is often measured with an input-output recruitment curve, which is produced by stimulating the motor cortex via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) at several intensities and measuring the changes in the evoked responses. However, it is currently unclear if hysteresis in motor evoked potentials (MEPs) (<i>i.e.,</i> changes in MEP amplitude due to the order of stimulus intensities) affects the resulting measure of excitability, particularly in lower extremity muscles.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the order of stimulus intensity (ascending, descending, randomized) affects input-output recruitment curves measured in the lower extremity muscles.MethodsRecruitment curves were produced in neurologically intact individuals by stimulating the primary motor cortex at 70% to 140% of active motor threshold in 10% increments. We examined three stimulus intensity ordering paradigms: ascending (70<math><mo>→</mo></math>140), descending (140<math><mo>→</mo></math>70), and randomized. We measured MEPs of the quadriceps and the antagonistic hamstring muscles using surface electromyography in addition to quadriceps motor evoked torque. We computed the area under the recruitment curve (AUC) of the raw and normalized motor evoked responses and used classical and Bayesian inference methods to comprehensively evaluate hysteresis in MEPs.ResultsClassical hypothesis testing revealed no significant main effects of stimulus order. Bayesian analyses also confirmed that the null model was more favored than the main effects model.ConclusionsCorticospinal excitability of the quadriceps and antagonistic hamstring muscles were not influenced by stimulus intensity order. Any of the three approaches (ascending, descending, randomized) may be used when measuring recruitment curves for the quadriceps and hamstring muscles.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028251330850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor Recovery After Surgical Neurolysis in Brachial Plexus Neuropathy: A Case Study and Systematic Review.","authors":"José Damián Carrillo-Ruiz, Armando Armas-Salazar, José Luis Navarro-Olvera, Ana Isabel García-Jerónimo, Fátima Ximena Cid-Rodríguez, José Antonio Rodríguez, Hannia Fernanda González-Morales, Edgar Abarca-Rojano","doi":"10.1177/09226028241290981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028241290981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study is to assess the motor outcomes of patients undergoing surgical neurolysis and to conduct a comprehensive review of existing literature to ascertain the efficacy and utility of this technique. Surgical neurolysis is a procedure designed to liberate an injured nerve from scar tissue or adjacent structure, thereby facilitating nerve regeneration in cases of brachial plexus neuropathy (BPN). <b>Methods:</b> This study presents a case series of patients diagnosed with BPN who underwent surgical neurolysis. The primary focus was on the clinical assessment of recovery using the British Medical Research Council motor grading scale (BMRC). Additionally, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze motor recovery outcomes related to surgical neurolysis for BPN. 18 patients with BPN who underwent surgical neurolysis were included. <b>Results:</b> It was experienced a notable increase of 58% in muscle strength as assessed by the BMRC. The average preoperative state of 2.17 ± 1.15 improved significantly to a postoperative condition of 3.44 ± 1.34 (p = 0.003, d = 0.913) The systematic review identified 2298 relevant articles, out of which 8 articles published between 1995 and 2021 were selected for qualitative analysis, demonstrated that surgical neurolysis was associated with favorable motor recovery outcomes in 75.82% of the patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> Both the case series and the literature review reveal significant motor recovery following surgical neurolysis. It is crucial to conduct well-designed, adequately powered, randomized, and blinded clinical trials. Such studies will provide robust evidence to support or refute the utility of this approach in motor recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028241290981"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Term Improvement of Episodic Memory in Stroke Patients Following a Short Treatment with Prism Adaptation and Serious Games.","authors":"Massimiliano Oliveri, Agostino Stanzione, Giulia Caruso, Agnese Di Garbo, Patrizia Turriziani, Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo","doi":"10.1177/09226028241301367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09226028241301367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Episodic memory deficits are frequently encountered following stroke. Rehabilitation of these deficits is often associated with short term effects that do not persist at follow up times. Neuromodulation tools acting on alterations of excitation/inhibition dynamics could be useful for rehabilitation of episodic memory. Prism adaptation with visual field deviation ipsilateral to the affected hemisphere can specifically modulate brain excitability and lead to improvement of cognitive deficits in post-stroke patients. Here we investigated whether prism adaptation followed by digital cognitive training could induce long term improvement of episodic memory deficits in stroke patients as compared with traditional rehabilitation.Sixty stroke patients were recruited for the study. Thirty patients were treated with prism adaptation combined with serious games targeting executive processes, with a ten days protocol (<u>experimental group</u>); thirty patients were treated with conventional rehabilitation (<u>control</u> <u>group</u>). Patients were tested with a battery of neuropsychological tests, including verbal and visual episodic memory tasks at four times: at baseline (T0); immediately after the end of the rehab protocol (T1); after 3 months (T2); after six months (T3).The main results showed a significant long term effect of the experimental treatment on both immediate and delayed recall phases of the visual episodic memory task. The effects were not linked to the affected hemisphere (right vs. left), nor to the hemorrhagic or ischemic type of stroke nor to the cortical or subcortical site of lesion.These findings show for the first time an improvement of long term memory in stroke patients following the use of a medical device combining prism adaptation and digital cognitive training, paving the way to novel rehabilitation techniques for cognitive deficits in stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028241301367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Pattern-Reversal Visual Stimulation on Brain Activity in Migraineurs and General Population.","authors":"Lívia Shirahige, Fernanda Nogueira, Lorena Melo, Ruxandra Ungureanu, Sérgio Rocha, Rodrigo Brito, Thyciane Mendonça, Abelardo de Farias, Maria das Graças Rodrigues de Araújo, Daniele Piscitelli, Kátia Monte-Silva","doi":"10.1177/09226028241292033","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028241292033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundA better understanding of migraine pathophysiology through standardized methods could facilitate the development of more effective therapeutic approaches for migraine sufferers. However, neurophysiological studies with migraine sufferers present larger variability, as most contain only a single measurement.ObjectiveThis observational study aimed to compare the cortical and visual excitability of migraine sufferers, individuals with other types of headaches, and healthy participants in response to pattern-reversal visual stimulation.MethodsFifty-nine individuals were classified by a neurologist into the following groups: (i) migraineurs (n = 25); (ii) other types of headaches (n = 23); (iii) healthy (n = 11). Habituation during pattern-reversal visual stimulation was assessed by visual evoked potentials. Visual and motor cortex excitability were evaluated before and after pattern-reversal visual stimulation.ResultsWe found no intergroup differences in motor and visual excitability measures after pattern-reversal visual stimulation. Compared to the healthy group, migraineurs and individuals with other types of headaches displayed a reduction in phosphene threshold after pattern-reversal visual stimulation. Additionally, an increase in visual cortical excitability in these groups was also observed. Lastly, the habituation in individuals with migraines and other types of headaches was lower compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, the lack of habituation may not be exclusively associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine.ConclusionIndividuals who experience headaches, including migraineurs, have an increased visual cortical excitability in response to visual stimuli. This finding is promising for guiding future neurophysiological research to identify cortical biomarkers in migraineurs and in other types of headaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028241292033"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal long-term potentiation is modulated by exercise-induced alterations in dopaminergic synaptic transmission in mice selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running.","authors":"Jessica Mai-Phuong Phan, Jiwon Yi, Julia Hope Amor Foote, Asia Rei Katsura Ayabe, Kevin Guan, Theodore Garland, Karen Diane Parfitt","doi":"10.1177/09226028241290400","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09226028241290400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHigh-Runner (HR) mice, selectively bred for increased voluntary wheel running behavior, exhibit heightened motivation to run. Exercise has been shown to influence hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory, and is neuroprotective in several neurodegenerative diseases.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the impact of intense running in HR mice with wheel access on hippocampal LTP, compared to HR mice without wheels and non-selected control (C) mice with/without wheels. Additionally, we investigated the involvement of D1/D5 receptors and the dopamine transporter (DAT) in LTP modulation and examined levels of these proteins in HR and C mice.MethodsAdult female HR and C mice were individually housed with/without running wheels for at least two weeks. Hippocampal LTP of extracellular field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) was measured in area CA1, and SKF-38393 (D1/D5 receptor agonist) and GBR 12909 (DAT inhibitor) were used to probe the role of D1/D5 receptors and DAT in LTP differences. Western blot analyses assessed D1/D5 receptor and DAT expression in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum.ResultsHR mice with wheel access showed significantly increased hippocampal LTP compared to those without wheels and to C mice with/without wheels. Treatment with SKF-38393 or GBR 12909 prevented the heightened LTP in HR mice with wheels, aligning it with levels in C mice. Hippocampal D1/D5 receptor levels were lower, and DAT levels were higher in HR mice compared to C mice. No significant changes were observed in other brain regions.ConclusionsThe increased hippocampal LTP seen in HR mice with wheel access may be related to alterations in dopaminergic synaptic transmission that underlie the neurophysiological basis of hyperactivity, motor disorders, and/or motivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"9226028241290400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematopoietic Endothelial Progenitor cells enhance motor function and cortical motor map integrity following cerebral ischemia","authors":"Aqeela Afzal, Nagheme Thomas, Zuha Warraich, Scott Barbay, J. Mocco","doi":"10.3233/rnn-231378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-231378","url":null,"abstract":"Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are recruited to ischemic areas in the brain and contribute to improved functional outcome in animals. However, little is known regarding the mechanisms of improvement following HSC administration post cerebral ischemia. To better understand how HSC effect post-strokeimprovement, we examined the effect of HSC in ameliorating motor impairment and cortical dysfunction following cerebral ischemia. Methods:Baseline motor performance of male adult rats was established on validated motor tests. Animals were assigned to one of three experimental cohorts: control, stroke, stroke + HSC. One, three and five weeks following a unilateral stroke all animals were tested on motor skills after which intracortical microstimulation was used to derive maps of forelimb movement representations within the motor cortex ipsilateral to the ischemic injury. Results:Stroke + HSC animals significantly outperformed stroke animals on single pellet reaching at weeks 3 and 5 (28±3% and 33±3% versus 11±4% and 17±3%, respectively, p &lt; 0.05 at both time points). Control animals scored 44±1% and 47±1%, respectively. Sunflower seed opening task was significantly improved in the stroke + HSC cohort versus the stroke cohort at week five-post stroke (79±4 and 48±5, respectively, p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, Stroke + HSC animals had significantly larger forelimb motor maps than animals in the stroke cohort. Overall infarct size did not significantly differ between the two stroked cohorts. Conclusion:These data suggest that post stroke treatment of HSC enhances the functional integrity of residual cortical tissue, which in turn supports improved behavioral outcome, despite no observed reduction in infarct size.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corticospinal excitability during motor preparation of upper extremity reaches reflects flexor muscle synergies: A novel principal component-based motor evoked potential analyses","authors":"Thomas E. Augenstein, Seonga Oh, Trevor A. Norris, Joshua Mekler, Amit Sethi, Chandramouli Krishnan","doi":"10.3233/rnn-231367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-231367","url":null,"abstract":"Background:\u0000Previous research has shown that noninvasive brain stimulation can be used to study how the central nervous system (CNS) prepares the execution of a motor task. However, these previous studies have been limited to a single muscle or single degree of freedom movements (e.g., wrist flexion). It is currently unclear if the findings of these studies generalize to multi-joint movements involving multiple muscles, which may be influenced by kinematic redundancy and muscle synergies. Objective:\u0000The objective of this study was to characterize corticospinal excitability during motor preparation in the cortex prior to functional upper extremity reaches. Methods:\u000020 participants without neurological impairments volunteered for this study. During the experiment, the participants reached for a cup in response to a visual “Go Cue”. Prior to movement onset, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to stimulate the motor cortex and measured the changes in motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in several upper extremity muscles. We varied each participant’s initial arm posture and used a novel synergy-based MEP analysis to examine the effect of muscle coordination on MEPs. Additionally, we varied the timing of the stimulation between the Go Cue and movement onset to examine the time course of motor preparation. Results:\u0000We found that synergies with strong proximal muscle (shoulder and elbow) components emerged as the stimulation was delivered closer to movement onset, regardless of arm posture, but MEPs in the distal (wrist and finger) muscles were not facilitated. We also found that synergies varied with arm posture in a manner that reflected the muscle coordination of the reach. Conclusions:\u0000We believe that these findings provide useful insight into the way the CNS plans motor skills.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcranial random noise stimulation to augment hand function in individuals with moderate-to-severe stroke: A pilot randomized clinical trial","authors":"Amit Sethi, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Ghaleb Almalki, Chandramouli Krishnan","doi":"10.3233/rnn-231314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-231314","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Interventions to recover upper extremity (UE) function after moderate-to-severe stroke are limited. Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) is an emerging non-invasive technique to improve neuronal plasticity and may potentially augment functional outcomes when combined with existing interventions, such as functional electrical stimulation (FES). Objective:The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of combined tRNS and FES-facilitated task practice to improve UE impairment and function after moderate-to-severe stroke. Methods:Fourteen individuals with UE weakness were randomized into one of two groups: 1) tRNS with FES-facilitated task practice, or 2) sham-tRNS with FES-facilitated task practice. Both groups involved 18 intervention sessions (3 per week for 6 weeks). tRNS was delivered at 2 mA current between 100–500 Hz for the first 30 minutes of FES-facilitated task practice. We evaluated the number of sessions completed, adverse effects, participant satisfaction, and intervention fidelity between the two therapists. UE impairment (Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity, FMUE), function (Wolf Motor Function Test, WMFT), participation (Stroke Impact Scale hand score, SIS-H), and grip strength were assessed at baseline, within 1 week and 3 months after completing the intervention. Results:All participants completed the 18 intervention sessions. Participants reported minimal adverse effects (mild tingling in head). The two trained therapists demonstrated 93% adherence and 96% competency with the intervention protocol. FMUE and SIS-H improved significantly more in the tRNS group than in the sham-tRNS group at both timepoints (p≤0.05), and the differences observed exceeded the clinically meaningful differences for these scores. The WMFT and paretic hand grip strength improved in both groups after the intervention (p≤0.05), with no significant between group differences. Conclusion:Our findings show for the first time that combining tRNS and FES-facilitated task practice is a feasible and promising approach to improve UE impairment and function after moderate-to-severe stroke.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139584179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes of plasma exchange versus intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A double-blind, randomized clinical trial","authors":"Nourelhoda A. Haridy, Mohamed M. Shehab, Eman M. Khedr","doi":"10.3233/rnn-231369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-231369","url":null,"abstract":"Background:\u0000Most previous studies comparing the effectiveness of Plasma Exchange (PE) or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in treating Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) have focused on the short-term outcome at around 1 month. Objective:\u0000To compare the long-term efficacy of PE and IVIG at one year in adult patients with GBS. Methods:\u0000Eighty-one adult patients with acute GBS were randomized into two groups with a ratio of 2 : 1: PE (N = 54) and IVIG (N = 27). Patients were assessed with the Medical Research Council sum score (MRC sum score), GBS Disability Scale (GDS), and Functional assessment of acute inflammatory neuropathy (FAAIN) at baseline, ten days, one month, three months, and one year. Neurophysiological examinations were performed at baseline and three months following treatment. Results:\u0000There were no significant differences between groups in demographic, clinical, and laboratory data. Both treatments produced a significant improvement in all clinical rating scales in both groups that continued up to one year. There were significant differences in the time course of recovery in the MRC and FAAIN scales, with significantly more improvement in the IVIG group at 1 and 3 months, although there was no significant difference in outcome at one year. However the effect size showed measurable differences between the PE and IVIG groups across the different measures at one-year. Electrophysiological studies showed equal improvement in most measures in both groups at three months, with a slightly greater effect in the IVIG group. Conclusion:\u0000long term outcomes of IVIG and PE were equivalent. However the effect size showed measurable differences between the PE and IVIG groups across the different measures at one-year follow-up that indicate the superiorty of IVIG. There was also a tendency for improvement to be slightly faster in the IVIG group.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139460525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shock waves modulate corticospinal excitability: A proof of concept for further rehabilitation purposes?","authors":"Matteo Guidetti, Anisa Naci, Andrea Cerri, Rossella Pagani, Antonino Michele Previtera, Alberto Priori, Tommaso Bocci","doi":"10.3233/rnn-231371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-231371","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Focal extracorporeal shock wave therapy (fESWT) is a physical therapy vastly studied and used for various musculoskeletal disorders. However, the effect of fESWT on central nervous system is still to be determined. Objective:To elucidate spinal and supra-spinal mechanisms of fESWT in healthy subjects, in order to widen the spectrum of its clinical applications. Methods:In this quasi-experimental, unblinded, proof-of-concept clinical study, 10 voluntary healthy subjects underwent fESWT and were assessed immediately before (T0), immediately after (T1) and seven days after (T2) the intervention. As neurophysiological outcomes, motor evoked potentials (resting motor threshold, maximal motor evoked potential and maximal compound muscle action potential ratio, cortical silent period, total conduction motor time, direct and indirect central motor conduction time), F-waves (minimal and mean latency, persistence and temporal dispersion) and H-reflex (threshold, amplitude, maximal H reflex and maximal compound muscle action potential ratio, latency) were considered. Results:Resting motor threshold and F-waves temporal dispersion significantly decreased, respectively, from T1 and T2 and from T0 and T2 (for both, p &lt; 0.05). H-reflex threshold increase between T0 and T1. Analysis disclosed a strong negative correlation between Δ3 cortical silent period (i.e., T2 –T1 recordings) and Δ1 Hr threshold (i.e., T1 –T0 recordings) (r = –0.66, p &lt; 0.05), and a positive strong relationship between Δ3 cortical silent period and Δ3 Hr threshold (r = 0.63, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions:fESWT modulates corticospinal tract excitability in healthy volunteers, possibly inducing an early inhibition followed by a later facilitation after one week.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139412823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}