Restorative neurology and neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Shock waves modulate corticospinal excitability: A proof of concept for further rehabilitation purposes?","authors":"Matteo Guidetti, Anisa Naci, Andrea Cerri, Rossella Pagani, Antonino Michele Previtera, Alberto Priori, Tommaso Bocci","doi":"10.3233/rnn-231371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-231371","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Focal extracorporeal shock wave therapy (fESWT) is a physical therapy vastly studied and used for various musculoskeletal disorders. However, the effect of fESWT on central nervous system is still to be determined. Objective:To elucidate spinal and supra-spinal mechanisms of fESWT in healthy subjects, in order to widen the spectrum of its clinical applications. Methods:In this quasi-experimental, unblinded, proof-of-concept clinical study, 10 voluntary healthy subjects underwent fESWT and were assessed immediately before (T0), immediately after (T1) and seven days after (T2) the intervention. As neurophysiological outcomes, motor evoked potentials (resting motor threshold, maximal motor evoked potential and maximal compound muscle action potential ratio, cortical silent period, total conduction motor time, direct and indirect central motor conduction time), F-waves (minimal and mean latency, persistence and temporal dispersion) and H-reflex (threshold, amplitude, maximal H reflex and maximal compound muscle action potential ratio, latency) were considered. Results:Resting motor threshold and F-waves temporal dispersion significantly decreased, respectively, from T1 and T2 and from T0 and T2 (for both, p < 0.05). H-reflex threshold increase between T0 and T1. Analysis disclosed a strong negative correlation between Δ3 cortical silent period (i.e., T2 –T1 recordings) and Δ1 Hr threshold (i.e., T1 –T0 recordings) (r = –0.66, p < 0.05), and a positive strong relationship between Δ3 cortical silent period and Δ3 Hr threshold (r = 0.63, p < 0.05). Conclusions:fESWT modulates corticospinal tract excitability in healthy volunteers, possibly inducing an early inhibition followed by a later facilitation after one week.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139412823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal ganglion cell and microvascular density loss in hereditary spastic paraplegia","authors":"Gabrielle N. Turski, Christopher A. Turski, Marcus Grobe-Einsler, Xenia Kobeleva, Jennifer S. Turski, Frank G. Holz, Robert P. Finger, Thomas Klockgether","doi":"10.3233/rnn-231380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/rnn-231380","url":null,"abstract":"<h4><span>Abstract</span></h4><h3><span></span>Background:</h3><p>Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is characterized by progressive degeneration of distal axons in the long corticospinal tracts. Loss of retinal cells and microvascular networks has neither been suspected nor investigated. We concurrently examined the retinal microvasculature and retinal layer morphology in patients with HSP to assess whether retinal features may portray disease and its progression.</p><h3><span></span>Methods:</h3><p>Fifteen patients with HSP and 30 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional case-control study. Disease severity was assessed with the Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (SPRS). Severity of ataxia was determined by the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Retinal microvasculature was measured by means of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and morphology of retinal layers using structural OCT. Mixed-effects models were applied for data analysis.</p><h3><span></span>Results:</h3><p>HSP patients showed significantly reduced vessel density of the superficial vascular plexus (SVP), reduced ganglion cell layer (GCL) volume, reduced inner plexiform layer (IPL) volume and reduced temporal-inferior peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness versus healthy controls. GCL volume reduction correlated significantly with the worsening of visual acuity and higher SARA scores.</p><h3><span></span>Conclusions:</h3><p>These findings demonstrate that, in HSP both cells and vascular networks of the retina are compromised. Assessment of the retinal GCL, IPL and SVP may aid in diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression as well as provide novel structural outcome measures for clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139412707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate effects of insoles applied to the sound side lower extremity of patients with chronic hemiplegia during walking.","authors":"Chaeyoo Park, Youngkeun Woo, Jongim Won, Sujin Kim","doi":"10.3233/RNN-241389","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-241389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asymmetric gait patterns are mostly observed in hemiplegic stroke patients. These abnormal gait patterns resulting in abnormal speed, and decreased ability in daily of activity living.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the immediate changes in gait parameters and plantar pressure during elevation by wearing an insole on the sound side lower extremity of patients with hemiplegia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six participants were recruited, comprising those with a post-stroke follow-up of ≥3 months and a functional ambulation category score of ≥2. The participants were asked to walk with and without a 1 cm insole in the shoe of their sound side, and the order of wearing or not wearing the insole was randomized. Gait parameters, bilateral gait parameters, and dynamic plantar pressure were measured using the GAITRite Walkway System.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Paired t-test was used to examine immediate changes in gait parameters and plantar pressure with and without insoles during walking in the same group. Overall, gait velocity and step length significantly decreased (p < 0.05), whereas step time significantly increased (p < 0.05). The swing phase of the affected sidelower extremities significantly increased (p < 0.05), and the stance phase significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Double-support unloading phase (pre-swing phase) significantly increased (p < 0.05). The changes in plantar pressure were significantly increased in some lateral zones and significantly decreased in the medial zone of the mid-hindfoot, both in terms of pressure per time and peak pressure (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although this study did not show immediate positive effects on gait parameters and gait cycle, it is expected that sensory input from the sole of the foot through changes in plantar pressure may help improve gait asymmetry and regulate postural symmetry.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"167-177"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Announcement: Appointment of New Editor-in-Chief Lechoslaw (Les) Turski, MD, PhD.","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/RNN-249001","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-249001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"91-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of exercise and hormone treatment on spinal cord injury-induced changes in micturition and morphology of external urethral sphincter motoneurons.","authors":"Emily A Hibbard, Xiaolong Du, Yihong Zhang, Xiao-Ming Xu, Lingxiao Deng, Dale R Sengelaub","doi":"10.3233/RNN-241385","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-241385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in lesions that destroy tissue and spinal tracts, leading to deficits in locomotor and autonomic function. We have previously shown that after SCI, surviving motoneurons innervating hindlimb muscles exhibit extensive dendritic atrophy, which can be attenuated by treadmill training or treatment with gonadal hormones post-injury. We have also shown that following SCI, both exercise and treatment with gonadal hormones improve urinary function. Animals exercised with forced running wheel training show improved urinary function as measured by bladder cystometry and sphincter electromyography, and treatment with gonadal hormones improves voiding patterns as measured by metabolic cage testing.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the current study was to examine the potential protective effects of exercise or hormone treatment on the structure and function of motoneurons innervating the external urethral sphincter (EUS) after contusive SCI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gonadally intact young adult male rats received either a sham or a thoracic contusion injury. Immediately after injury, one cohort of animals was implanted with subcutaneous Silastic capsules filled with estradiol (E) and dihydrotestosterone (D) or left blank; continuous hormone treatment occurred for 4 weeks post-injury. A separate cohort of SCI-animals received either 12 weeks of forced wheel running exercise or no exercise treatment starting two weeks after injury. At the end of treatment, urinary void volume was measured using metabolic cages and EUS motoneurons were labeled with cholera toxin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase, allowing for assessment of dendritic morphology in three dimensions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Locomotor performance was improved in exercised animals after SCI. Void volumes increased after SCI in all animals; void volume was unaffected by treatment with exercise, but was dramatically improved by treatment with E + D. Similar to what we have previously reported for hindlimb motoneurons after SCI, dendritic length of EUS motoneurons was significantly decreased after SCI compared to sham animals. Exercise did not reverse injury-induced atrophy, however E + D treatment significantly protected dendritic length.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that some aspects of urinary dysfunction after SCI can be improved through treatment with gonadal hormones, potentially through their effects on EUS motoneurons. Moreover, a more comprehensive treatment regime that addresses multiple SCI-induced sequelae, i.e., locomotor and voiding deficits, would include both hormones and exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"151-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142111461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory augmentation for a rapid motor task in a multisensory environment.","authors":"James Negen, Heather Slater, Marko Nardini","doi":"10.3233/RNN-221279","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-221279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sensory substitution and augmentation systems (SSASy) seek to either replace or enhance existing sensory skills by providing a new route to access information about the world. Tests of such systems have largely been limited to untimed, unisensory tasks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To test the use of a SSASy for rapid, ballistic motor actions in a multisensory environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants played a stripped-down version of air hockey in virtual reality with motion controls (Oculus Touch). They were trained to use a simple SASSy (novel audio cue) for the puck's location. They were tested on ability to strike an oncoming puck with the SASSy, degraded vision, or both.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants coordinated vision and the SSASy to strike the target with their hand more consistently than with the best single cue alone, t(13) = 9.16, p <.001, Cohen's d = 2.448.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>People can adapt flexibly to using a SSASy in tasks that require tightly timed, precise, and rapid body movements. SSASys can augment and coordinate with existing sensorimotor skills rather than being limited to replacement use cases - in particular, there is potential scope for treating moderate vision loss. These findings point to the potential for augmenting human abilities, not only for static perceptual judgments, but in rapid and demanding perceptual-motor tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9599885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The multifaceted effects of flavonoids on neuroplasticity.","authors":"Veronica Rivi, Anuradha Batabyal, Ken Lukowiak","doi":"10.3233/RNN-230150","DOIUrl":"10.3233/RNN-230150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been a significant increase in the incidence of multiple neurodegenerative and terminal diseases in the human population with life expectancy increasing in the current times. This highlights the urgent need for a more comprehensive understanding of how different aspects of lifestyle, in particular diet, may affect neural functioning and consequently cognitive performance as well as in enhancing overall health. Flavonoids, found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and derived beverages, provide a new avenue of research that shows a promising influence on different aspects of brain function. However, despite the promising evidence, most bioactive compounds lack strong clinical research efficacy. In the current scoping review, we highlight the effects of Flavonoids on cognition and neural plasticity across vertebrates and invertebrates with special emphasis on the studies conducted in the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, which has emerged to be a functionally dynamic model for studies on learning and memory. In conclusion, we suggest future research directions and discuss the social, cultural, and ethnic dependencies of bioactive compounds that influence how these compounds are used and accepted globally. Bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical studies about the effects of bioactive natural compounds on brain health will surely lead to lifestyle choices such as dietary Flavonoids being used complementarily rather than as replacements to classical drugs bringing about a healthier future.</p>","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"93-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141601426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 18th World Congress on Controversies in Neurology March 21-23, 2024 - London, UK.","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/RNN-249000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/RNN-249000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological Aspects and Interventions for Internet Addiction in Adolescents with Asperger's Syndrome - Narrative Review","authors":"Maria Theodoratou, Georgios A. Kougioumtzis, Anna Kaltsouda, Dimitra Katsarou, Zoi Siouti,, Maria Sofologi, George Tsitsas, Katerina Flora","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1052","url":null,"abstract":"Internet addiction poses a significant concern for adolescents, particularly those diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome. Although empirical research focusing on adolescents with Asperger's syndrome is limited, existing findings reveal several neurocognitive and mental health factors contributing to internet addiction. Impulsivity, attention deficits, social skills deficits, cognitive rigidity, and co-occurring anxiety and depression are among the key aspects identified. Understanding these factors is essential for developing effective interventions. This review discusses neurocognitive and mental health aspects of internet addiction in adolescents with Asperger's syndrome as well as potential interventions targeting these aspects to promote healthy internet use and overall well-being in this unique population.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"38 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136227688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probable Vascular Dementia in the Tropics: A Study of Twenty-Six (26) Observations at Conakry University Hospital","authors":"Barry Souleymane Djigué, Diallo Mohamed Tafsir, Touré Mohamed Lamine, Diallo Souleymane Mbara, Carlos Othon Guelngar, Diallo Bademba, Camara Namory, Sakadi Foksouna, Diallo Mariama Boubacar, Koné Adama, Hinami Madandi, Lamah Eugen, Barry Abdoul Karim Telico, Cissé Fodé Abass, Cissé Amara","doi":"10.33425/2692-7918.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2692-7918.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In tropical environments, the diagnostic certainty of vascular dementia is difficult to establish due to under-medicalization, delays in consultation and above all the inadequacy of exploration methods. Material and methods: We analyzed the records of 153 patients hospitalized for dementia syndrome over a period from January 1, 2016 to December 21, 2021 in the Neurology Department of the Centre Hospitalo-. Universitaire de Conakry. Dementia status was assessed according to the Clinical Evaluation Scale (ECD), Confirmed by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE<24) cognitive tests or Neuro, behavioral Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE) score. Results: 26 (twenty-six) patients fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for vascular dementia, based on the association of dementia and cerebrovascular disease certified by the presence of focal neurological signs of vascular origin and imaging data. Conclusion: this study shows a non-stereotyped clinical and etiological profile of the spectrum of vascular dementias in the tropics, in a context of under-medicalization. These results are useful for diagnostic and prognostic discussion.","PeriodicalId":21130,"journal":{"name":"Restorative neurology and neuroscience","volume":"38 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136227685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}