Research in veterinary science最新文献

{"title":"ERα, HER-2, pan-RAS, p53, and aromatase expression in spontaneous malignant canine mammary tumors: Prognostic relevance and association with clinicohistological parameters","authors":"Siddharth Gautam ,&nbsp;Kuldip Gupta ,&nbsp;Vinodhkumar Obli Rajendran ,&nbsp;Karam Chand ,&nbsp;Chitra Joshi ,&nbsp;Naresh Kumar Sood","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The interlacing interaction between proto-oncoproteins and tumor-suppressing proteins in malignant canine mammary tumors (mCMT) microenvironment remains largely unexplored. The present study intended to decipher the i) association between the intratumoral expression of ERα, HER-2, pan-RAS, p53 and aromatase, ii) their relationship with the clinicohistological parameters and serum sex hormones, and iii) their prognostic relevance in mCMT.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Tumor samples from animals with mCMT (<em>n</em> = 27) were subjected to histopathology and immunohistochemistry for ERα, HER-2, pan-RAS, p53, and aromatase. Serum estradiol and progesterone levels from dogs with mCMT and healthy dogs (<em>n</em> = 10) were estimated using chemiluminescence immunoassay. Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank test), univariable and multivariable Cox regression, and Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test were employed for statistical analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression of aromatase, ERα, pan-RAS, p53, and HER-2 were detected in 100 %, 88 %, 67 %, 12 % and 11 % of mCMT cases, respectively. Serum estradiol and progesterone were significantly higher in mCMT-affiliated patients than healthy dogs. Also, a positive association of ERα expression with aromatase (stromal component) and HER2 expression in mCMT patients was detected. Furthermore, intratumoral aromatase expression and p53 overexpression were correlated with tumor size and angiogenesis, respectively. No relationship was detected between other tumor markers, serum steroid hormones and clinicohistological parameters. P53 overexpression was associated with poor survival in mCMT patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overexpression of aromatase and p53 overexpression has clinical relevance in mCMT, and an intratumoral ERα expression is positively associated with HER-2 expression and aromatase production by stromal components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 105515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of pathogenic yeast species in the oral cavity of dogs: Antifungal susceptibility and implications for human health","authors":"Cristiane Coimbra de Paula ,&nbsp;Diniz Pereira Leite Junior ,&nbsp;Ricardo Cesar Tavares Carvalho ,&nbsp;Tathiana Ferguson Motheo","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Companions' animals can present a risk for the transmission of opportunistic diseases to their owners, including those caused by yeasts of the <em>Candida</em> genus residing in their oral microbiota. This study aimed to isolate and identify yeasts from the oral cavity of dogs and assess their susceptibility to antifungals. Yeast species were identified using automated methods MALDI-TOF-MS and VITEK 2 from 50 dogs (aged 2–4 years, various breeds). Among the evaluated animals <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>37.5 %)</em> and <em>Candida parapsilosis</em> (25 %) were predominant, followed by other species including <em>C. haemuloni, C. tropicalis, C. krusei,</em> and <em>Trichosporon asahii</em> (12.5 % each). In this study, antifungal susceptibility testing revealed a general susceptibility with limited resistance. Although most antifungals exhibited good efficacy, some <em>Candida</em> strains demonstrated resistance to fluconazole (FLC), caspofungin (CAS), and amphotericin B (AMP<img>B). These findings highlight the importance of conducting fungal cultures and antifungigram testing for the effective management of fungal infections in humans and animals. Therefore, vigilant monitoring and control measures are essential to reduce the transmission of opportunistic diseases from pets to humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 105504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a new smartphone-based stethoscope with one‑lead electrocardiogram in healthy sheep","authors":"Maria Cicogna ,&nbsp;Mark Rishniw ,&nbsp;Angelica Gobbi ,&nbsp;Valentina Calgaro ,&nbsp;Francesco Porciello ,&nbsp;Domenico Caivano","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diagnostic tests commonly used for assessing of cardiac diseases in clinical practice are not always available in small ruminants, therefore cardiac auscultation is a cornerstone in this species. The present study assesses the reliability of a new smartphone-based digital stethoscope featuring simultaneous phonocardiography and one‑lead electrocardiogram to evaluate heart sounds and electrocardiographic (ECG) findings in healthy sheep. Additionally, we compared the effect of breed (Bergamasca <em>vs</em> Comisana breed) on the ECG tracings obtained by the digital stethoscope. A total of 44 sheep (23 Bergamasca and 21 Comisana sheep) were recruited. No sheep ausculted abnormally with either the conventional or digital stethoscope. All audio recordings were considered interpretable in 40 sheep with substantial agreement (k = 0.755) between two operators. Conventional and digital ECG tracings showed sinus rhythm in all sheep and the limit of agreement analysis showed similar values between the two devices, but some ECG variables were not interchangeable. A perfect-to-good agreement was observed for heart rate, P wave duration/amplitude, PQ interval, QRS duration and QT interval; substantial difference for the S wave amplitude and moderate agreement (k = 0.569) for the T wave morphology between the two devices were observed. A fair agreement was found for the artifact presence (k = 0.395). Comparison of ECG variables between “Bergamasca” and “Comisana” breed showed differences (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) for heart rate, QRS duration, QT duration and T polarity. In conclusion, the digital stethoscope Eko DUO is a practical and easy-to-use tool for assessing heart sounds and ECG signals in sheep in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative approaches for bovine mastitis treatment: A critical review of emerging strategies, their effectiveness and limitations","authors":"Ella Debruyn ,&nbsp;Nauman Zaheer Ghumman ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Peng ,&nbsp;Harish Kumar Tiwari ,&nbsp;Jully Gogoi-Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This review examined alternative treatments for bovine mastitis, driven by the rising issue of antibiotic resistance that limits the effectiveness of antibiotic therapies. As few new antibiotics are being developed, exploring non-antibiotic options is essential.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data were gathered by searching five databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, NCBI, and CABI, for articles on alternative treatments for bovine mastitis. Full texts of relevant studies published from 2013 onwards, both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, were screened and retrieved. A deductive approach was used to identify key themes from the review. Data were presented using tables and graphs created with R software for visualisation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eligible studies included 69 articles tapered from an initial search of 1696 after removing duplicates and irrelevant records. Phytotherapy was found to be the most extensively researched approach, demonstrating significant effectiveness against mastitis pathogens, including multidrug-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, coagulase-negative <em>S. aureus</em> (CoNS), <em>Escherichia coli</em>, different species of <em>Streptococci</em>, though concerns about the degradation of active compounds in milk and variability in natural product composition exist. Bacteriophage therapy also showed promise, with studies indicating its effectiveness and low risk of inducing bacterial resistance. Treatments such as Trisodium citrate, pheromonicin-NM, and lactoferrin therapy exhibited statistically significant results, particularly against biofilm formation, a major challenge in mastitis management. Many of these treatments lacked extensive <em>in vivo</em> validation. The review highlights the geographic concentration of research, predominantly in countries like China and India, and emphasises the need for more standardised protocols to improve comparison across studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The review highlighted phytotherapy, followed by bacteriophage therapy, as the next most researched alternative treatment for mastitis, effective against various pathogens despite concerns about compound degradation. Future research should prioritise the long-term effects of these therapies and their real-world effectiveness in enhancing dairy cow welfare and improving productivity in dairy operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood, feathers, and eggs as bioindicators of selenium sources and their impact on DNA damage in Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica)","authors":"Aimen Khalid ,&nbsp;Sania Satti ,&nbsp;Anqash Ayyub ,&nbsp;Faisal Nawab ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tahir ,&nbsp;Shabana Naz ,&nbsp;Mikhlid H. Almutairi ,&nbsp;Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei ,&nbsp;Rifat Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Demilade Israel Ibiwoye","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs), a nanoscale form of selenium, and sodium selenite (SS), an inorganic selenium compound, were incorporated into poultry feed to assess their effects on bioaccumulation, DNA damage, and cellular health. This study compared the effects of Se-NPs and SS on selenium bioaccumulation in blood, feathers, and eggs, along with their potential impact on DNA damage in quails. A total of 480 quails (14-day-old) were distributed into 5 groups. Each group consisted of 96 birds, arranged into 6 replicates (16 quails per replicate) with sex ratio 1 male: 3 females, 1st group as control, fed by basal diet; 2nd and 3rd group were supplemented with Se-NPs (0.2 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg), 4th and 5th groups were fed with SS (0.2 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg), respectively. The results showed that highest bioaccumulation occurred in blood, feathers, eggshells, and egg content in quails fed with higher doseage of Se-NPs. Maximum selenium bioaccumulation was found in eggshells due to their porous structure. Quails treated with Se-NPs (0.4 mg/kg) and SS (0.2 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg) exhibited DNA damage, with more pronounced adverse effects observed in groups receiving SS. The correlation between groups and DNA damage was noted, there is positive correlation between Length of Head (LHead), Length of Tail (LTail) and Length of Comet (LComet) parameters related to different groups of quails. The study indicated that while Se-NPs led to the highest bioaccumulation, they were less harmful in terms of DNA damage compared to SS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serpin B12 in saliva of pigs: Development and analytical validation of an assay for its quantification and changes in sepsis and stress conditions","authors":"Eva Llamas-Amor ,&nbsp;Silvia Martínez Subiela ,&nbsp;Guillermo Ramis ,&nbsp;Pablo Fuentes ,&nbsp;Elena Goyena ,&nbsp;Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes ,&nbsp;Edgar García Manzanilla ,&nbsp;José Joaquín Cerón ,&nbsp;Alberto Muñoz-Prieto ,&nbsp;María José López-Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An assay for measuring Serpin B12 in porcine saliva was developed and validated, showing adequate precision, accuracy, and sensitivity. Changes in salivary Serpin B12 concentrations were evaluated under different conditions, including the time of the day, the productive cycle, experimental sepsis and non-septic inflammation<em>, S. suis</em> infection and stress. Serpin B12 were significantly higher at 4 p.m. compared to other times of the day and were higher in piglets before the end of the nursery phase. Significant increases were detected at 6 h and 24 h after the intramuscular administration of <em>Escherichia coli</em> lipopolysaccharide in pigs and in pigs naturally infected with <em>Streptococcus suis</em>. Non-septic inflammation, induced by subcutaneous administration of turpentine oil and stress caused by transport and a 4 h lairage at the slaughterhouse, also resulted in increased Serpin B12 levels, although these increases were less pronounced than those observed in sepsis. In conclusion, the developed assay effectively measures Serpin B12 in saliva, and its concentrations vary depending on sampling time and animal age. In addition, salivary Serpin B12 increases in situations of sepsis, non-septic inflammation, and stress, with the most substantial changes associated with septic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of two multiplex lateral flow devices for the rapid detection and typing of foot-and-mouth disease viruses","authors":"Efrem Alessandro Foglia ,&nbsp;Valerie Mioulet ,&nbsp;Simone Cavalera ,&nbsp;Jozhel Baguisi ,&nbsp;Sena İnel Turgut ,&nbsp;Abraham Sangula ,&nbsp;Salman Khan ,&nbsp;Syed Muhammad Jamal ,&nbsp;Harry Bull ,&nbsp;Sergio Rosati ,&nbsp;Chiara Nogarol ,&nbsp;Giulia Pezzoni ,&nbsp;Abdulnaci Bulut ,&nbsp;Donald P. King ,&nbsp;Laura Anfossi ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Rosso ,&nbsp;Emiliana Brocchi ,&nbsp;Santina Grazioli","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lateral Flow Devices (LFDs) represent a simple tool for the rapid diagnosis of FMD, particularly in endemic regions, often lacking adequate and equipped laboratories. Other experimental prototypes offer a user-friendly FMD confirmation tool, but serotype identification is crucial for transmission patterns evaluation and for vaccine selection and their serotyping capacity was limited. This study describes the validation of two multiplex devices based on well-characterized monoclonal antibodies: LFD1 (O, A and Asia1) and LFD2 (SAT1 and SAT2). First, the ability of the LFDs to recognize the widest spectrum of strains was assessed. Eighty-three tissue-cultured FMDV strains were tested with LFD1 and 15 with LFD2, confirming the capability to recognize and serotype a broad range of lineages and sub-lineages belonging to all 7 endemic pools.</div><div>The diagnostic sensitivity related to FMDV detection was evaluated using 224 real-time RT-PCR positive samples collected in endemic countries, resulting in 87.5 % for LFD1 (140/160 detected) and 70 % for LFD2 (45/64 detected). The diagnostic sensitivity of serotyping capabilities was assessed by testing field samples in parallel with an antigen-ELISA kit: applied on 178 samples, LFD1 correctly typed 96 %, 94 % and 83 % of samples positive for type O (<em>n</em> = 95), A (<em>n</em> = 54) and Asia1 (<em>n</em> = 29) respectively, while LFD2 correctly typed 77 % SAT1 (<em>n</em> = 52) and 82 % SAT2 (<em>n</em> = 40) in 92 positive field samples. A 100 % diagnostic specificity was found testing 60 epithelium homogenates collected from animals negative for FMD.</div><div>Obtained data highlighted the devices' potential value for field use to support the enhanced surveillance of FMD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-, AmpC β-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli in stray cats in Italy","authors":"Gabriele Ratti,&nbsp;Alessia Facchin,&nbsp;Angelica Stranieri,&nbsp;Alessia Gazzonis,&nbsp;Martina Penati,&nbsp;Paola Scarpa,&nbsp;Paola Dall'Ara,&nbsp;Stefania Lauzi","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spread of carbapenem-resistant bacteria is a global threat to public health and the role of pets in the rise in antimicrobial resistance is gaining attention worldwide. This study aimed to determine the fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, AmpC- and carbapenemase (CP)-producing <em>E. coli</em> and associated risk factors in healthy and unhealthy stray cats admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Lodi, University of Milan, Italy. Fecal samples collected in, 2020–2022 were microbiologically and molecularly analyzed. Overall, ESBL-/AmpC-/CP-producing <em>E. coli</em> were detected in 18/94 (19.1 %) stray cats. Twelve (12.8 %), 4 (4.3 %) and 7 (7.4 %) stray cats carried ESBL-, AmpC- and CP-producing <em>E. coli</em> phenotypes respectively, supported by the detection of <em>bla</em>_CTX-M in all ESBL-producing <em>E. coli</em>, <em>bla</em>_CMY-2 in all AmpC-producing <em>E. coli</em> and <em>bla</em>_NDM (4/7; 57.1 %) or <em>bla</em>_OXA-48 (3/7; 42.9 %) genes in CP-producing <em>E. coli</em>. Multiple combination of resistance genes and phenotypes were detected. MIC results showed that all <em>E. coli</em> were multidrug resistant isolates. Risk factors associated with ESBL-, AmpC- and/or CP-producing <em>E. coli</em> fecal carriage were hospitalization (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), antibiotic treatment during hospitalization (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) and unhealthy status (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). Fecal carriage of CP-producing <em>E. coli</em> is of concern and highlights the need of specific surveillance programs for CP-producing <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> and antimicrobial stewardship in stray cats to reduce the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Limitations of this study suggest a One Health approach to characterize the whole genome of the isolates and the epidemiology of AMR bacteria among stray cats, including additional bacterial species and the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical evaluation of strength and stiffness of 2.0 mm and 1.5 mm locking plates with various screw configurations on rabbit tibias","authors":"Ella Davis ,&nbsp;Zoe Canafax ,&nbsp;Alexis Jankovich ,&nbsp;Garrett Davis ,&nbsp;Sara B. Mullaney","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to compare the strength and stiffness of 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm locking plates with various screw fixation configurations applied to the tibia bones of rabbits.</div></div><div><h3>Animal</h3><div><em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em> (domesticated rabbits).</div></div><div><h3>Procedure</h3><div>Twenty-five rabbit tibias were randomly assigned to one of five groups. Control bones remained intact, whereas all others were osteotomized to create contact fracture models that were fixated with 2.0 mm locking screws or 1.5 mm locking screws applied to locking plates (LP) in either 4-screw or 6-screw configurations and tested in 4-point bending until failure. Load-deformation curves were generated for each sample and used to calculate stiffness (slope of the curve within the area of elastic deformation) and strength (load to failure).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Intact controls had greater strength and stiffness than any LP fixation. The 1.5mm 4-screw LP construct and the 2.0mm 4-screw LP construct were significantly stronger than the corresponding 6-hole constructs but were not as strong as the intact tibia. The 2.0mm 4-hole LP construct had the stiffest construct and was significantly stiffer than the corresponding 6-hole constructs but was not as stiff as the intact tibia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Fracture fixation with a 2.0 mm 4 screw LP would provide the greatest strength and stiffness in tibial fracture repairs in the rabbit.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>This project will provide veterinary surgeons with more objective data needed to make the best clinical decisions when surgically repairing fractures in the tibia of rabbits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 105545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized prospective study exploring health and growth outcomes for 5 days of extended transition milk feeding in pre-weaned Scottish replacement dairy heifers.","authors":"Katharine S Denholm, Katharine Baxter-Smith, Alexandra Haggerty, Michael Denholm, Paul Williams, Geert Vertenten","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Typically, calves are fed a single feed of first milking colostrum followed by milk replacer, but there is an increasing body of evidence to suggest that feeding transition milk or 'extended colostrum feeding' may have health, growth and production benefits in dairy calves. Transition milk (milkings 2-6) may be preserved for extended feeding with potassium sorbate to prevent bacterial proliferation (even at ambient temperatures). The objective of this study was to observe the effects of feeding potassium sorbate preserved transition milk on calf health and growth outcomes on two commercial Scottish dairy farms. Calves were fed one feed of 4-5 L of first milking colostrum followed by either milk replacer (FC group) or 5 days (10 feeds) or preserved second and third milking transition milk (PTM group). Calves were blood sampled within the first week of life, health scored every second day and weighed at birth and weaning. First milking colostrum and transition milk samples were tested for Brix (%) and bacterial contamination. Small differences in health outcomes and average daily gains were observed, but first milking colostrum was highly contaminated (median total bacteria count = 107,250 colony forming units per ml (CFU/ml), range = 0- 3,120,000 CFU/ml), which may have interfered with the results. Several risk factors including age and season were significantly associated with health outcomes. Transition milk feeding could be a viable alternative for neonatal calves where first milking colostrum for feeding in an extended fashion is in short supply, but special attention must be given to scrupulous hygiene practices on farm.</p>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":" ","pages":"105543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}