Research in veterinary science最新文献

{"title":"Comparative cytotoxic and transcriptional effects of methanol, ethanol, and DMSO in the CMT-U27 canine mammary carcinoma cell line.","authors":"Nursen Senturk, Hale Samli, Sebahat Dilara Taskin, Duru Talya Samli, Berkay Bozkurt, Ali Sorucu, Huseyn Babayev, Sena Ardicli","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol, and methanol are widely used as vehicles in in vitro oncology research, yet their inherent toxicities can confound experimental outcomes. This study systematically evaluates the comparative cytotoxicity and transcriptional signatures of cell death pathways induced by these solvents in the canine mammary carcinoma cell line (CMTU27). Cells were treated with concentrations from 0.25% to 5% for 24, 48, and 72 h. Viability was assessed using the XTT assay, and cell death modes were characterized using Hoechst 33342/Annexin V/PI triple-fluorescence staining. Transcriptional alterations of apoptotic (CASP3, BAX, PUMA, ATM, BID), anti-apoptotic (BCL2, MCL1), and DNA damage/cell cycle (P53, P21, NOXA) genes were quantified via RT-qPCR. DMSO exhibited significant time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity. No 50% viability concentration was reached after 24 h, whereas linear interpolation yielded approximate concentrations of 4.34% and 3.67% corresponding to 50% viability after 48 and 72 h, respectively. Fluorescent imaging revealed staining patterns consistent with apoptosis and secondary necrosis. Transcriptionally, DMSO markedly upregulated CASP3, BAX, PUMA, and ATM and downregulated MCL1, while BID and BCL2 showed concentration-dependent but not consistently significant changes. Conversely, ethanol and methanol maintained viability above 80% up to 5% (IC₅₀ not calculated). PCA modeling revealed distinct spatial dissociation: ethanol predominantly induced genotoxic stress, strongly correlating with the P53, P21, and NOXA vectors, whereas methanol clustered closest to the control, despite showing significant gene-specific transcriptional alterations. In conclusion, our findings suggest that DMSO concentrations should be kept below 1% in CMT-U27 assays to minimize off-target apoptotic effects. Although ethanol showed limited cytotoxicity, it was associated with DNA damage-related transcriptional responses. Methanol exhibited the most favorable cytotoxicity profile among the tested solvents, although significant gene-specific transcriptional responses were observed, suggesting that its suitability as a vehicle solvent for CMT-U27-based in vitro studies should be evaluated according to the experimental endpoint.</p>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"211 ","pages":"106390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of eukaryotic communities in small ruminant bile shows substantial extra-intestinal location of Cryptosporidium parvum.","authors":"Sara Gomes-Gonçalves, Jaqueline T Bento, Sérgio Santos-Silva, Andreia V S Cruz, Luis Cardoso, João R Mesquita","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Next-generation sequencing has expanded the study of microbial communities, yet the eukaryotic fraction of host-associated microbiomes remains poorly characterized, particularly in non-intestinal matrices. This study aimed to assess eukaryotic community diversity in bile from small ruminants. A total of 400 bile samples from sheep and goats collected at a Portuguese slaughterhouse were analyzed using 18S rRNA PCR and long-read Oxford Nanopore sequencing on 80 pooled samples. Overall, 12.5% (10/80) of pools were found to have eukaryotic elements, and Cryptosporidium-assigned reads were detected in 30% (3/10) of these, all originating from adult sheep. These findings provide molecular evidence of C. parvum in bile, extending its known tissue distribution beyond the gastrointestinal tract, suggesting potential chronic or subclinical biliary carriage and expanding its recognized tissue tropism. This work highlights the utility of long-read 18S rRNA metabarcoding for detecting protozoan parasites in unconventional biological matrices and characterizing eukaryotic diversity in livestock systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"211 ","pages":"106388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Livestock mobility and cross-border transmission of infectious diseases in East Africa.","authors":"Ahmed Tahlil Tifow, Mursal Mohamed Hassan, Abas Adde Abukar, Sadio Mohamed Abshir","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"211 ","pages":"106366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of primary three-dimensional cell culture from spontaneous canine tumors.","authors":"Francesco Borrelli, Chiara Tugnoli, Giancarlo Avallone, Luisa Vera Muscatello, Donatella Romaniello, Mattia Lauriola, Giuseppe Sarli","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to generate primary three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures derived from spontaneous canine tumors and to compare two culture systems: a ready-to-use bioreactor (VITVO®) and a miniaturized plate-based system (MPBS). A total of 27 tumors, including mainly hemangiosarcomas, oral melanomas, urothelial carcinomas, and osteosarcomas, were collected from three Italian veterinary hospitals. Fresh samples were used to establish 3D cell cultures and to perform histological and immunohistochemical analyses for phenotypic characterization and comparison with primary tumors. Tissue dissociation proved to be a critical step. A manual protocol combining mechanical and enzymatic methods significantly improved cell viability and cellularity compared to automated dissociation, which yielded fewer viable single cells and limited cell survival. Both culture systems successfully supported 3D cell cultures using the same scaffold material. The plate-based system was particularly suitable for small biopsy samples without compromising cellularity, whereas VITVO® was more appropriate for larger tissue specimens. An inverse correlation was observed between the extent of necrosis in primary tumors and the cellularity of the corresponding 3D cell cultures. Immunohistochemical analyses confirmed that most 3D cell cultures retained the phenotypic characteristics of the original tumors, while osteosarcoma models exhibited limited cell maintenance, likely due to stromal predominance. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of optimizing dissociation protocols, scaffold size, and culture conditions to preserve tumor heterogeneity and viability. This workflow provides a platform for generating 3D models with preserved morphological and immunophenotypic concordance with the primary tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"211 ","pages":"106376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148875194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological differences in the placenta of three mares treated for ascending bacterial placentitis compared to physiological pregnancies.","authors":"Maria Melchert, Jörg Aurich, Sünne Römer, Ursula Reichart, Ingrid Walter, Christine Aurich","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ascending bacterial placentitis is a frequent cause of late pregnancy loss in mares. The histology of placentitis has been described but mainly with a focus on inflammatory changes. In this study, we assessed several aspects beyond inflammatory processes between mares foaling close to term during treatment for placentitis and physiological pregnancies. We included placental tissue from physiological term pregnancies (group PP; n = 8) and clinical cases with confirmed ascending bacterial placentitis (group PL; n = 3). Samples were collected from several locations of the allantochorion (cervical star, base, and tip of both uterine horns). Immunostaining was performed for caspase 3 (apoptosis), Ki67 (proliferation), and MAC387 (macrophages); histochemical staining was made with PAS (Periodic acid Schiff, blood vessels) and Kossa stain (microcalcification). Allantochorionic cell proliferation was increased (p < 0.05) in PL mares compared to PP mares at several locations; no group differences in caspase 3 indicating apoptotic activity were detected. Whereas the blood vessel area in the allantochorion was increased in PP mares in some locations, a larger number of blood vessels (p < 0.05) was determined at the base of the pregnant horn in PL mares. In conclusion, bacterial ascending placentitis was characterized by tissue proliferation and vascularization. This might suggest compensatory mechanisms that were induced because of tissue function loss due to inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"211 ","pages":"106375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148875480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical disc disease in whippets: Results of an online survey involving Italian owners and breeders","authors":"Diletta Dell'Apa ,&nbsp;Ezio Bianchi ,&nbsp;Luigi Auletta ,&nbsp;Mariaelena de Chiara ,&nbsp;Fabiana Micieli ,&nbsp;Francesco Ferrari ,&nbsp;Barbara Lamagna ,&nbsp;Maria Pia Pasolini","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whippet is considered quite a healthy breed. Nonetheless, the perception of some veterinary neurologists is that the occurrence of neurological diseases, especially cervical disc disease (CDD), is frequent in this breed. This study aimed to get information about the prevalence of the most common disorders and conditions affecting the Italian Whippet population, particularly investigating the prevalence of CDD and the perception of the problem by owners and breeders. Owners and breeders included in the Italian Sighthound Club register were invited to answer anonymously an online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used for breeder/owner and dog characteristics, and statistical association with the development of CDD were explored. Over 280 Whippets, the overall prevalence of CDD was 7.2% and 29% in Whippets older than 9 years. Whippets older than 9 years were overrepresented in the CDD group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001; O.R. 0.07; 95% CI: 0.02–0.22) compared with the CDD group. These findings confirm the hypothesis that CDD may be a challenging and more prevalent than expected disorder in this breed and health screening programs could be recommended to breeders and owners to assess cervical spine conformation, especially before sporting activity or breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 106068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"miRNA-mRNA integrative profiling in canine tubulopapillary mammary carcinoma","authors":"Nayra Cristina Herreira do Valle ,&nbsp;Matheus Fujimura Soares ,&nbsp;Natália Francisco Scaramele ,&nbsp;Amanda de Oliveira Furlan ,&nbsp;Maria Fernanda da Silva Lopes ,&nbsp;Juliana de Souza Felix ,&nbsp;Fernando Vissani Fernandes ,&nbsp;Vinicius Aquiles Gomes Zamboni ,&nbsp;Igor Luiz Salardani Senhorello ,&nbsp;Alexandre Lima de Andrade ,&nbsp;Flavia Lombardi Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are the most common neoplasia in intact female dogs. There are different histological subtypes, which are related to tumor behavior and prognosis. Among them, we highlight the tubulopapillary subtype, one of the most prevalent subtypes in female dogs. Although not the most aggressive subtype overall, it is associated with significantly higher lethality compared to other common subtypes, suggesting an underlying dysregulation of gene expression. However, global expression of RNAs in tubulopapillary CMTs is not available in the literature. Here, we analyzed the differential expression of mRNAs and miRNAs of tubulopapillary CMTs (<em>n</em> = 4) and compared them with normal mammary tissues (n = 4) using microarray. We found 842 downregulated and 385 upregulated mRNAs in the CMTs, which corresponded to the enrichment of 10 biological pathways. Also, we found 30 upregulated miRNAs and one downregulated (cfa-miR-345) in CMTs. Among the differentially expressed mRNAs, we identified 360 mRNAs that were targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs, which enriched 23 biological pathways, with the “Endocytosis” pathway being of particular significance. These findings highlight the complex interactions between mRNAs and miRNAs in tubulopapillary CMTs, thereby improving the understanding of the pathophysiology of this CMT subtype and providing targets for functional validation of biomarkers and/or therapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 106107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S-palmitoylation of the viral Nsp10 by ZDHHC7 restricts PRRSV replication but is counteracted by Nsp2, Nsp4 and GP5","authors":"Huiyuan Jing ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Peng ,&nbsp;Pandeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Erzhen Duan ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Xuyong Zhao ,&nbsp;Huawei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reversible S-palmitoylation, initiated by the Zinc finger aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine domain (ZDHHC) proteins and erased by the de-palmitoylases, plays an important role in the antiviral immune pathway. Our previous screening identified ZDHHC7 as a potent restriction factor for PRRSV. However, the mechanisms underlying ZDHHC7-mediated suppression of PRRSV replication remains unclear. Here, we showed that PRRSV RNA replication is impaired by ZDHHC7 in an acyltransferase-dependent manner. This antiviral effect was achieved by S-palmitoylation of Nsp10 (Nonstructural protein 10), which weakened the binding between viral RNA and Nsp10. By cleaving porcine ZDHHC7 at E226, PRRSV Nsp4 impaired the S-palmitoylation of Nsp10, STING, and MAVS. Additionally, the cleaved fragments did not inhibit PRRSV multiplication, whereas the cleavage-resistant mutant ZDHHC7-E226A exhibited enhanced antiviral activity. Finally, we demonstrated that PRRSV Nsp2 and GP5 (glycoprotein 5) induce the transcription of APT1 (Acyl-protein thioesterase 1) through the transcription factor NFATC3 to reverse the S-palmitoylation level of Nsp10. Collectively, this work uncovers the antagonistic strategy employed by PRRSV to dampen the antiviral function of ZDHHC7, which deepens our understanding of the immune evasion mechanisms during PRRSV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 106102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146166478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular surveillance and genetic diversity of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Pathotypes using MLVA method","authors":"Sedigheh Mokhtari ,&nbsp;Yahya Tahamtan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Kargar ,&nbsp;Keyvan Tadayon ,&nbsp;Elham Moazamian","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Escherichia coli</em> O157 is a major foodborne pathogen associated with severe human disease, with cattle serving as its primary reservoir, and in this study multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) was applied to investigate the genetic diversity, distribution, and population structure of isolates collected in Fars Province, Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study was performed on 150 swab samples were collected from rectum and carcasses of cattle, sheep and goats and fruit juice in Fars province. Samples were processed following standard bacteriological procedures. MLVA method was performed based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by using four variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>22 isolates were identified as <em>E. coli</em> O157:H7 that 15, 6 and 1 were from cattle, sheep and fruit juice, respectively. By using MLVA technique, 22 isolates were separated into 15 distinct MLVA types. MST algorithm showed five genetically related clusters and by UPGMA method isolates were classified in 3 main cluster and 8 sub clusters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study showed that MLVA can be used as a valid, inexpensive and rapid method to trace and analyze the phylogenetic relationships between <em>E. coli</em> strains in epidemiological research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 106093"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146158163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From gut health to nutrient digestion and metabolism: An integrative biomarker analysis in nursery pigs","authors":"Marina P. Walter ,&nbsp;Gabriela M. Galli ,&nbsp;Marcos Kipper ,&nbsp;Karine L. Takeuti ,&nbsp;Ines Andretta","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to explore the relationship between intestinal health biomarkers and nutrient digestion and metabolism in nursery pigs. Thirty-two weaned pigs were individually housed and fed a single experimental diet for 22 days. Feces and urine were collected on days 15 to 21 post-weaning to assess energy and protein digestibility and metabolizability. Blood samples were collected on day 22 to assess intestinal permeability, IgG, and IgA. Fecal samples were collected on the same day to quantify calprotectin, neopterin, lactoferrin, calcium-binding proteins, and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP). All pigs were euthanized on day 22 for intestinal tissue collection to determine villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione S-transferase, protein thiols, resistance to rupture, zonula occludens-1, and occludin. Principal component analysis (PCA), correlation, and classification and regression tree (CART) methods were applied. Fecal calcium-binding proteins and FABP levels were identified in the tree-based models (CART) as key predictors of dry matter digestion. On the other hand, fecal calprotectin and FABP levels were the primary determinants of protein and energy digestibility and metabolizability. Fecal calprotectin levels between 79.4 and 79.6 ng/mL served as the cutoff to distinguish nursery pigs with high and low digestibility in two different CART models. Similarly, the cutoff for FABP levels ranged from 70.5 to 87.4 ng/mL, indicating its role in differentiating groups with high and low efficiency. Our results support the potential of fecal biomarkers as non-invasive indicators of digestibility and metabolism in weaned pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 106090"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}