Research in veterinary science最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the inflammatory response in horses undergoing gastric ulceration using salivary ADA and S100A12 as biomarkers","authors":"M. Matas-Quintanilla ,&nbsp;C.A.S. Bonifay ,&nbsp;L. Whitacre ,&nbsp;I.R. Ipharraguerre ,&nbsp;A.M. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inflammatory status in horses with gastric ulcers was monitored by two inflammatory biomarkers, S100A12 and adenosine deaminase (ADA), using saliva samples from healthy and horses with gastric ulcers. Two trials were developed: an experimental trial, in which gastric ulceration was induced in 8 horses by feed deprivation, and a clinical trial, in which 20 horses without any symptomatology and 37 with symptoms compatible with gastric ulcers were used. S100A12 and ADA levels were measured in the saliva samples of all horses using previously validated assays. In both trials, horses with gastric ulcers had higher levels of S100A12 and ADA than healthy horses, demonstrating that inflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of gastric ulcers in horses. An intense reaction of ADA with a moderate increase of S100A12 was detected in the experimental trial, while different intensities in the inflammatory biomarkers were observed in clinical conditions when the ulcers were divided by gastric localization in glandular (EGGD) and squamous (ESGD). Since ADA has been shown to be released early in the inflammatory process and S100A12 is released later, by measuring them together we could more accurately assess the inflammatory process in equine gastric ulcers. Furthermore, a strong association was found between ADA and S100A12 (correlation coefficient of 0.84) in the experimental trial, while it was low-moderate (correlation coefficient <u>of 0.39</u>) in the clinical trial. Therefore, it could be concluded that both salivary biomarkers provide valuable information about the inflammation involved in gastric ulcers of horses and the state of the process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered expression of collagen gene family members and its epigenetic background in equine Sarcoids","authors":"Klaudia Pawlina-Tyszko ,&nbsp;Ewelina Semik-Gurgul ,&nbsp;Przemysław Podstawski ,&nbsp;Weronika Herc ,&nbsp;Maciej Witkowski ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Ropka-Molik","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alterations in the genes involved in the creation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) were observed in our earlier transcriptome studies of sarcoids and their cell culture model. For a complete characterization of the underlying molecular pathways, it is imperative to comprehend the involvement of ECM modifications in the oncogenic transformation of sarcoid fibroblasts. Thus, the aim of this investigation was to describe the expression patterns of a set of genes that are essential for the rearrangements of the extracellular matrix, namely collagen genes, and elucidate possible mechanisms underlying the observed disruptions. To this end, we applied the RT-qPCR method on BPV-negative skin samples and sarcoid samples (<em>n</em> = 6 and 7; respectively) to perform relative quantification of the expression level of eight genes belonging to the collagen family and carried out an integrative analysis of the obtained data with previously characterized epigenetic signatures. The results showed aberrations in the level of chosen collagen genes in the sarcoids compared to the control, manifesting in their elevated levels in the tumor samples (<em>p</em>-value≤0.05). The upregulation of <em>Col1A2, Col11A1, Col6A3, Col5A2, Col4A1, Col6A6, Col5A1, Col6A2</em> genes was detected in sarcoid samples. The identified changes were statistically significant (<em>p</em>-value≤0.05) and ranged from 1.43 (Col6A2) to 1.88 (Col6A3). Further investigation into the potential involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of collagen gene levels in sarcoids revealed compelling evidence of DNA methylation and microRNAs playing significant roles. The findings suggest a complex interplay between gene expression, epigenetic regulation, and the dysregulation of the ECM in sarcoid pathogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes towards cattle handling among Western Canadian cow-calf handlers: The role of handling training and perspectives on beef cattle welfare","authors":"Nathanael H. Lutevele ,&nbsp;Karin Orsel ,&nbsp;Meagan T.M. King ,&nbsp;Ed A. Pajor ,&nbsp;Maria C. Ceballos","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Western Canadian cow-calf handlers (<em>n</em> = 118) were surveyed to determine: (1) attitudes towards beef cattle and handling; (2) influence of handling training on handling attitudes; (3) cattle welfare assessment strategies and improvement prioritization areas, and (4) involvement in and perspectives about handling training. Respondents agreed with statements related to positive attitudes, including the importance of proper handling practices, knowledge, and patience for effective cattle handling. They also agreed with statements favouring cattle cognitive abilities and the importance of good handling facilities, while disagreed with statements indicating little knowledge is required to handle cattle and the use of prods, hitting cattle, and yelling. Key welfare assessment indicators that participants reported using were general health and body condition scores, and they prioritized improving nutrition, herd health programs, and pain management. Economic returns and a sense of responsibility were major motivations for improving cattle welfare. Most respondents had attended cattle handling training, including in-person with hands-on demonstrations (33.7 %), in-person without hands-on demonstrations (10.9 %), hybrid formats combining online modules with hands-on demonstrations (19.6 %), and fully online training (35.9 %). Safety and desire to learn were major motivations for participating in handling training. Respondents acknowledged the benefits of handling training on improving handling skills and strongly agreed that handling training should focus on teaching patience strategies. Although training influenced attitudes, impacts of training modalities were inconsistent. The effectiveness of various training approaches may vary depending on the individual or context, indicating a need for further research to determine which methods yield the most positive outcomes for both handlers and cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurrence of leptospirosis and Opisthorchis viverrini infection in cats and their risk factors","authors":"Morsid Andityas ,&nbsp;Pornphutthachat Sota ,&nbsp;Peerapol Sukon ,&nbsp;Prasarn Tangkawattana ,&nbsp;Banchob Sripa ,&nbsp;Ruttayaporn Ngasaman ,&nbsp;Sirikachorn Tangkawattana","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leptospirosis is a waterborne disease with a worldwide distribution. In Northeast Thailand, its prevalence overlaps with the endemicity of <em>Opisthorchis viverrini,</em> (OV). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of leptospirosis in cats and its association with opisthorchiasis in endemic area of Thailand. 115 cats were sampled for blood and feces. We tested <em>Leptospira</em> antibodies in blood using the Lepto-latex test. For fecal analysis, we applied the formalin-ether concentration technique (FECT) for OV and identified <em>Leptospira</em> spp. through PCR targeting the 16S rRNA and LipL32. Non-spatial analyses included Pearson's Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression, while spatial analyses involved Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), spatial autocorrelation, and Geographically Weighted Logistic Regression (GWLR). Serological analysis revealed 15.65 % of cats positive for <em>Leptospira</em> spp., whereas 44.35 % of fecal samples positive for OV. PCR analysis identified 1 <em>L. interrogans</em> with the 16S rRNA, while the LipL32 identified 2 samples related to L. <em>interrogans</em> and 1 to L. <em>borgpetersenii</em>. The spatial autocorrelation indicated clustering of leptospirosis cases. Logistic regression revealed 2 significant risk factors; OV infection (OR 3.44, 95 % CI 1.10–10.73; p 0.03) and proximity to flooded areas (OR 3.47, 95 % CI 1.12–10.74; p 0.03). Furthermore, GWLR showed median coefficients of 0.59 (−1.62–5.15) for OV infection and 2.15 (1.30–6.47) for proximity to flooded areas. This study demonstrates a significant association between cat leptospirosis with OV infection and proximity to flooded areas. These highlight the importance of monitoring environmental and biological risk factors to mitigate leptospirosis in endemic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of mechanical transmission of Anaplasma marginale by Stomoxys calcitrans","authors":"Luciana Maffini Heller ,&nbsp;Dina María Beltrán Zapa ,&nbsp;Igor Maciel Lopes de Morais ,&nbsp;Vanessa Ferreira Salvador ,&nbsp;Luccas Lourenzzo Lima Lins Leal ,&nbsp;Luiz Fellipe Monteiro Couto ,&nbsp;Lídia Mendes de Aquino ,&nbsp;Lucianne Cardoso Neves ,&nbsp;Bianca Barbara Fonseca da Silva ,&nbsp;Lorena Lopes Ferreira ,&nbsp;Antonio Thadeu Medeiros de Barros ,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Duarte Cançado ,&nbsp;Felipe da Silva Krawczak ,&nbsp;Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro ,&nbsp;Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanical transmission of <em>Anaplasma marginale</em> to cattle by <em>Stomoxys calcitrans</em>. The <em>S. calcitrans</em> were obtained in field condition and their offspring (first generation) were used in this study originating in the laboratory. In method 1 (flies released freely in cattle pens), from D0 to D + 10, approximately 3300 flies fasted for 24 h were released daily per pen with infected and healthy calves. In the second method (feeding chambers for artificial interruption of blood meals), for each negative calf, three chambers were used, each containing four flies fasted for 24 h, totaling 12 flies per calf. Blood smears, PCR and ELISA were performed to detect <em>A. marginale</em> in the animals. Furthermore, the animals' head tossing and hoof stomping and the number of flies near the pens' inner walls were recorded. In the presence of the flies, the calves exhibited defensive movements compared to those without flies. None of the negative calves demonstrated the presence of <em>A. marginale</em> (blood smear, PCR, and ELISA). In conclusion, although <em>A. marginale</em> was found on the abdomen of <em>S. calcitrans</em>, this fly failed to transmit this rickettsia to cattle in either transmission method employed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytauxzoon europaeus, Babesia vulpes, and Hepatozoon felis circulating simultaneously in a European wildcat (Felis silvestris) population in northern Spain","authors":"Clara Muñoz-Hernández ,&nbsp;Diego Villanúa ,&nbsp;Rocío Checa ,&nbsp;Marta Sánchez-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Efrén Estévez-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Alberto Moraga-Fernández ,&nbsp;Fermín Urra ,&nbsp;Guadalupe Miró ,&nbsp;Isabel G. Fernández de Mera ,&nbsp;Javier Millán","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Iberian population of the European wildcat (<em>Felis silvestris</em>) is undergoing a decline and is highly fragmented. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and identity of tick-borne parasites (piroplasms and <em>Hepatozoon</em> spp.) in Navarre, one of the strongholds for wildcats in Spain. DNA was extracted from spleen samples of 63 road-killed wildcats and analyzed using a suite of molecular protocols targeting the 18S rRNA and CytB gene fragments. Eighty percent of the wildcats tested positive for at least one parasite. <em>Cytauxzoon</em> spp. was detected in 65 % of the individuals. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of <em>Cytauxzoon europaeus</em> in nine samples, representing the first report of this species in the Iberian Peninsula. <em>Hepatozoon</em> spp. was found in 46 % of the wildcats, and molecular characterization of four cases identified <em>Hepatozoon felis</em>. <em>Babesia vulpes</em> was detected in a single individual. Coinfection with <em>C</em><em>ytauxzoon</em> sp. and <em>H</em><em>epatozoon</em> sp. was observed in 32 % of the wildcats, while one individual was coinfected with <em>C. europaeus</em> and <em>B. vulpes</em>. Occurrence of <em>H. felis</em> was higher in adult wildcats. No spatial structure or correlation with body condition was observed for any of the parasites. Given the widespread presence of <em>Cytauxzoon</em> and other parasites in this and other wildcat populations, their impact on wildcat health, if any, is likely to be minimal. However, wildcats appear to serve as important maintenance hosts for these parasites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of bovine milk-derived exosomal miRNAs and their role in modulating endometrial receptivity during early pregnancy","authors":"Qi Zhu,&nbsp;Jiaxing Guo,&nbsp;Ilyas Alee,&nbsp;Cheng Wang,&nbsp;Lian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endometrial receptivity is critical for successful implantation of bovine embryos. MicroRNA (miRNA), as a key regulator of uterine receptivity, is involved in physiological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to identify pregnancy-specific miRNAs derived from milk exosomes of non-pregnant and early pregnant cows. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was used to assess the differential expression, target genes, and functions of these miRNAs in order to examine their significance in endometrial cell regulation. Exosomes were isolated from milk using an exosome extraction kit and then identified by Western blotting and transmission electron microscopy. We used Illumina high-throughput sequencing to profile miRNAs and identify differentially expressed miRNAs in bovine milk-derived exosomes at different stages of pregnancy (days 15, 25 and 30) and in non-pregnant cows (day 0). The sequencing data revealed a significant upregulation of bta-miR-125b in pregnant cows at days 15 and 25 compared to non-pregnant cows. Bta-miR-125b targets the Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), which is thought to play a critical role in the development of endometrial receptivity by regulating gene expression. KEGG pathway enrichment and Gene Ontology analysis indicated that the target genes of the differential miRNAs were significantly enriched in the key signaling pathways, including the MAPK, phosphatidylinositol signaling system and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, as well as physiological activities such as RNA polymerase II transcriptional regulation, protein phosphorylation, apoptosis control and cell proliferation regulation. These signaling pathways and physiological activities are all indispensable parts during the process of pregnancy. These findings emphasize bta-miR-125b critical function in regulating endometrial receptivity via important signaling pathways, providing potential indicators for early pregnancy detection and insights into enhancing reproductive efficiency in dairy cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sero-epidemiological survey on novel chamois respirovirus in alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra) and domestic small ruminants","authors":"Joel Filipe ,&nbsp;Daniele Bonato ,&nbsp;Maria Lucia Mandola ,&nbsp;Chiara Nogarol ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Vitale ,&nbsp;Matteo Nava ,&nbsp;Martina Besozzi ,&nbsp;Roberto Viganò ,&nbsp;Camilla Luzzago","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of novel pathogens at the wildlife-livestock interface is an increasing global concern, with implications that extend beyond regional ecosystems, due to their potential impacts on biodiversity, animal health, and public health worldwide. A novel respirovirus phylogenetically related to Caprine respirovirus 3 (CRV3) identified in goats and sheep in China, was recently identified in Alpine chamois (CHRV3). In this context, this study investigates the seroprevalence of CHRV3 in chamois and domestic small ruminant populations, encompassing areas with varying levels of wildlife and livestock interaction in northern Italy and exploring the potential for cross-species transmission. Sera from 620 animals, including chamois, goats, and sheep, were tested for antibodies against CHRV3 and bovine respirovirus (BRV3) for cross-reactivity purposes. Results revealed a sustained circulation of CHRV3 in chamois population where it was previously detected, with significantly higher seroprevalence compared to BRV3. Sheep exhibited higher CHRV3 seroprevalence than goats, suggesting a possible role in transmission dynamics. Factors such as flock size, species, and seasonal grazing were significantly associated with seropositivity in domestic ruminants. These findings underscore the potential for CHRV3 cross-species transmission and its implications for wildlife conservation and livestock health. Continuous monitoring and integrative management strategies are essential to mitigate the spread of such emerging pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating cerebral blood flow in anxious dogs: a 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT imaging study","authors":"Sofie Salden ,&nbsp;Yangfeng Xu ,&nbsp;Stefanie De Smet ,&nbsp;Kathelijne Peremans ,&nbsp;Andre Dobbeleir ,&nbsp;Sara De Witte ,&nbsp;Ann Van Eeckhaut ,&nbsp;Jimmy H. Saunders ,&nbsp;Anouck Haverbeke ,&nbsp;Chris Baeken","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anxiety-related disorders have a significant effect on the welfare of pet dogs, often leading to behavioral problems and straining the human-animal bond. Conventional treatments sometimes prove inadequate, highlighting the need for a more objective understanding of the neurobiological pathways underlying canine anxiety disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate anxiety disorders in dogs using 99mTc-HMPAO single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), focusing on the left frontal region, subcortical region, and cerebellum. While a frequentist approach found no significant differences in brain perfusion between patient and healthy dogs, Bayesian analyses indicated underpowered results. Subsequent correlational analyses were performed and revealed significant positive associations between cerebellar perfusion and aggression, social fear, and nonsocial fear C-BARQ cluster scores (Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire), as well as a negative correlation between subcortical perfusion and nonsocial fear C-BARQ cluster scores in dogs with an anxiety disorder. This study supports the involvement of subcortical regions in anxious dogs and emphasizes the emerging role of the cerebellum in canine anxiety disorders. This study deepens our understanding of the neural correlates of canine anxiety and underscores the potential of nuclear neuroimaging in clinical practice. Future research into broader neural functioning is warranted for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in veterinary behavioral medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 105648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based detection and quantification of red blood cells in Cholistani cattle: A pilot study","authors":"Sami Ul Rehman ,&nbsp;Sania Fayyaz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Usman ,&nbsp;Mehreen Saleem ,&nbsp;Umer Farooq ,&nbsp;Asjad Amin ,&nbsp;Mushtaq Hussain Lashari ,&nbsp;Musadiq Idris ,&nbsp;Haroon Rashid ,&nbsp;Maryam Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first account of using machine learning to detect and count normal and abnormal red blood cells (RBCs), including tear-drop cells and schistocytes, in Cholistani cattle from Pakistan. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) model was applied and compared with manual counting methods. Pre-annotated blood smear images were preprocessed using contrast stretching transformation, followed by segmentation and resizing. Labeled datasets were augmented, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed for feature reduction. The dataset was randomly split into training (80 %) and testing (20 %) subsets, and the SVM model was trained and evaluated accordingly. No statistically significant difference (<em>P</em> ≥ 0.05) was observed between manual and machine learning-based RBC counts for all the studied cell types. The highest classification probability was recorded for normal RBCs (87 %), followed by tear-drop cells (84 %) and schistocytes (73 %). Accuracy was highest for tear-drop cells (0.991), followed by normal RBCs (0.965) and schistocytes (0.707). Precision values followed a similar trend, with the highest for normal RBCs (0.932), followed by tear-drop cells (0.921) and schistocytes (0.855). These findings suggest that machine learning, particularly SVM-based models, can accurately and precisely detect and count normal RBCs and tear-drop cells in Cholistani cattle. However, further refinements are needed to improve RBC detection using convolution neural networks or other deep learning approaches. This study highlights the potential of artificial intelligence for hematological assessments in veterinary medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 105650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}