{"title":"Spatial Resolution Enhancement of Time-Resolved Photon Emission Imaging with Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector","authors":"Norimichi Chinone, Hirotoshi Terada, Tomonori Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Yokoyama, Toru Matsumoto","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0220","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract High-speed time-resolved emission analysis is an attractive failure analysis technique because of its non-invasiveness. Super-conductive nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD or SSPD) is a key candidate of key device for time-resolved emission analysis. In this paper, we demonstrate time-resolved emission and its application of spatial resolution enhancement. We could confirm that time-resolved emission imaging can enhance spatial resolution by simple mathematical operations compared to static emission analysis, which is effective for finding emission spots before detailed time-resolved data investigations.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"100 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProceedingsPub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0197
Chandler Rich, Wayne Harlow, Becky Muñoz, Regino Sandoval, J. Temo Davis, Scott Williams
{"title":"Electron Beam Induced Resistance Change for Isolation of Wordline Shorts in 3D Replacement Gate NAND","authors":"Chandler Rich, Wayne Harlow, Becky Muñoz, Regino Sandoval, J. Temo Davis, Scott Williams","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0197","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we present a new application of electron beam induced resistance change (EBIRCH) as a means to spatially isolate wordline shorts in 3D replacement gate NAND for high-precision physical failure analysis (PFA).","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"99 24","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProceedingsPub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0155
Anjanashree M.R. Sharma, Kristof J.P. Jacobs, Ingrid De Wolf
{"title":"Methods to Enhance Infrared Imaging for Defect Localization Using Lock-in Thermography","authors":"Anjanashree M.R. Sharma, Kristof J.P. Jacobs, Ingrid De Wolf","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we demonstrate three approaches to enhance the topographical contrast of infrared images obtained from lockin thermography (LIT). Infrared imaging, particularly LIT, is one of the extensively used techniques for failure analysis (FA) in the semiconductor industry. However, low-contrast topography images are obtained at room temperature from conventional LIT due to poor emissivity contrast in the devices and the limitation on the performance of the infrared camera. The gray-scale topographical contrast is improved by 85% when the device under test is heated from room temperature to 75°C, using a printed circuit board heater. Furthermore, a heat-assisted LIT approach is proposed and demonstrated at the die level on an electrically leaky silicon interposer sample. The topographical contrast and the signal intensity of the hotspot obtained are enhanced when compared to the classical LIT, which is performed at room temperature. Further, the dual LIT approach is developed to reduce the thermal budget of the heat-assisted approach. The hotspot amplitude and improved topography image are obtained from two consecutive lock-in measurements. In addition, the topography image from this technique is obtained by averaging several hundred frames from the camera for a period of ten minutes, which results in an image that is less susceptible to input noise levels. To increase the throughput of the FA process, quadrature lock-in thermography, a dual-purpose measurement technique is shown. A high-contrast topography image and the hotspot location are obtained from the same lock-in thermogram by performing trigonometric conditioning. The throughput from this approach is the same as the classical LIT technique.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"99 22","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProceedingsPub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023tpw1
Michael Kögel, Sebastian Brand, Frank Altmann
{"title":"Machine Learning Based Data and Signal Analysis Methods for the Application in Failure Analysis (2023 Update)","authors":"Michael Kögel, Sebastian Brand, Frank Altmann","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023tpw1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023tpw1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Presentation slides for the ISTFA 2023 Tutorial session “Machine Learning Based Data and Signal Analysis Methods for the Application in Failure Analysis (2023 Update).”","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"101 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Artificial Intelligence Powered Resolution Recovery Technique and Workflow to Accelerate Package Level Failure Analysis with 3D X-ray Microscopy","authors":"Syahirah Mohammad-Zulkifli, Bernice Zee, Qiu Wen, Maverique Ong, Yanjing Yang, Andriy Andreyev, Masako Terada, Allen Gu","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0443","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract 3D X-ray microscopy (XRM) is an effective highresolution and non-destructive tool for semiconductor package level failure analysis. One limitation with XRM is the ability to achieve high-resolution 3D images over large fields of view (FOVs) within acceptable scan times. As modern semiconductor packages become more complex, there are increasing demands for 3D X-ray instruments to image encapsulated structures and failures with high productivity and efficiency. With the challenge to precisely localize fault regions, it may require high-resolution imaging with a FOV of tens of millimeters. This may take over hundreds of hours of scans if many high-resolution but small-volume scans are performed and followed with the conventional 3D registration and stitches. In this work, a novel deep learning reconstruction method and workflow to address the issue of achieving highresolution imaging over a large FOV is reported. The AI powered technique and workflow can be used to restore the resolution over the large FOV scan with only a high-resolution and a large FOV scan. Additionally, the 3D registration and stitch workflow are automated to achieve the large FOV images with a recovered resolution comparable to the actual high-resolution scan.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"97 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProceedingsPub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0309
C.S. Bonifacio, M.L. Ray, P.E. Fischione, Y. Yu, M. Skowronski
{"title":"Precise Final Thinning by Concentrated Ar Ion Beam Milling of Plan View TEM Specimens from Phase Change Memory Device Prepared in Xe Plasma FIB","authors":"C.S. Bonifacio, M.L. Ray, P.E. Fischione, Y. Yu, M. Skowronski","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0309","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Advanced memory technologies are in demand with phase change memory (PCM) devices as a forefront candidate. For successful characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for failure analysis and device development, an accurate and controllable thinning of TEM specimens is critical. In this work, TEM specimens from a GeTe-based PCM device at a partial SET state were prepared using a Xe plasma focused ion beam (pFIB) and polished to electron transparency using Ar ion beam milling. We will highlight the differences between Ga focused ion beam (FIB) and Xe pFIB TEM specimen preparation, the benefits of post-pFIB Ar ion beam milling, and show TEM results of the effects of partial SET programming of the GeTe PCM device.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"98 24","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProceedingsPub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0427
Grigore Moldovan, William Courbat, Jörg Jatzkowski
{"title":"Advances in EFA with Color Coded Multi-Channel Nanoprobing","authors":"Grigore Moldovan, William Courbat, Jörg Jatzkowski","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0427","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Key improvements to data acquisition, visualization and analysis are presented for Electrical Failure Analysis (EFA). Multi-channel image acquisition is introduced, where every nanoprobe is used for simultaneous imaging, in combination with color coding either by probe or by current. This new approach improves visualization of new device technologies with increasing three-dimensional complexity, in particular for overlapping structures and fields. Further, this new multichannel method opens opportunities for image mixing to improve data quality and signal interpretation.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"98 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProceedingsPub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0078
Arnulfo Evangelista, Janella Alfelor-Igtiben, John David Mangali, Khristopherson Cajucom
{"title":"Avalon-Aided Mapping of Fault-Localized Area of ADI’s RADAR Receive Path Analog Front-End (AFE) Amplifier with 0.18um 6-Metal CMOS Fab Process","authors":"Arnulfo Evangelista, Janella Alfelor-Igtiben, John David Mangali, Khristopherson Cajucom","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0078","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Analog Devices Inc. (ADI)’s Radar Receive Path Analog Front End Amplifier (AFE) with a 0.18um 6-metal Fab Process has failures related to Power-Down and Scan test parameters which were endorsed for Failure Analysis. Fault localization is quite challenging because it involves 6 metal layers. This has been resolved with the availability of Synopsis Avalon software with capability to convert the complete Cadence schematics and layout that is usable for Failure Analysis, through cross-mapping with the fault localized area-of-interest (AOI) on the actual reject part with the die schematics and layout, and identifying the failing component and circuit block. This leads to the creation of the failure model related to the reported failure mode and the determination of the appropriate failure mechanism related to fabrication defects between the adjacent metallization layers and defects on between the polysilicon and substrate layer. This helps speed up the FA Cycle Time and achieve an accurate failure mechanism, which later resolves the fab defect issue with the Fab process owner.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"98 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ProceedingsPub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0339
Elham Amini, Tuba Kiyan, Lars Renkes, Thilo Krachenfels, Christian Boit, Jean-Pierre Seifert, Jörg Jatzkowski, Frank Altmann, Sebastian Brand, Shahin Tajik
{"title":"Electrons Vs. Photons: Assessment of Circuit’s Activity Requirements for E-Beam and Optical Probing Attacks","authors":"Elham Amini, Tuba Kiyan, Lars Renkes, Thilo Krachenfels, Christian Boit, Jean-Pierre Seifert, Jörg Jatzkowski, Frank Altmann, Sebastian Brand, Shahin Tajik","doi":"10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2023p0339","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Contactless probing methods through the chip backside have been demonstrated to be powerful attack techniques in the field of electronic security. However, these attacks typically require the adversary to run the circuit under specific conditions, such as enforcing the switching of gates or registers with certain frequencies or repeating measurements over multiple executions to achieve an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Fulfilling such requirements may not always be feasible due to challenges such as low-frequency switching or inaccessibility of the control signals. In this work, we assess these requirements for contactless electron- and photon-based probing attacks by performing extensive experiments. Our findings demonstrate that E-beam probing, in particular, has the potential to outperform optical methods in scenarios involving static or low-frequency circuit activities.","PeriodicalId":20443,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings","volume":"98 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136353348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}