K. Tsukagoshi, A. Kanda, N. Yoneya, E. Watanabe, Y. Ootuka, Y. Aoyagi
{"title":"Nano-electronics in a multiwall carbon nanotube","authors":"K. Tsukagoshi, A. Kanda, N. Yoneya, E. Watanabe, Y. Ootuka, Y. Aoyagi","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984198","url":null,"abstract":"Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are one of natural nano-size bricks. The MWNTs are conductive narrow wires, and would be useful materials for a component of nano-electronics. By building up the MWNT bricks, nano-scale device structures, which cannot be fabricated from three dimensional bulk materials, can be constructed. For the application of carbon nanotubes to molecular electronic devices, it is very important to control the contact resistance between metal and a nanotube. In order to get information on the origin of contact resistance, we have studied material dependence of the electrical transport in metal/MWNT/metal structure in metal-on-tube configuration. Furthermore, for the device construction, the nano-bricks need to be cut to fit to designed structures. We demonstrated an etching process to cut the MWNTs into three pieces for a single-electron transistor (SET). The SET is a useful device to show that the constructed structure has an expected small element. In the MWNT-SET, we observed the Coulomb blockade effect with island capacitance of 4.2 aF at 4.5 K. The observed Coulomb blockade effect meant a quite small island was formed in the MWNT.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114847519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Image formation by continuous writing with multi-beam in X-ray nanolithography","authors":"E. Toyota, M. Washio","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984129","url":null,"abstract":"Difficulties in X-ray lithography are now condensed into mask related matters. Since the exposure mode is basically 1:1, more strict accuracy is requested for mask fabrication than for the final images. Mask fabrication technology has made remarkable progress, and image formation of 70 nm line width was reported recently (Miyatake et al, 2001). Meanwhile, pattern reduction necessitates narrowing gaps between mask and wafer, since the gaps decrease in proportion to the square of the line width. If we want to form 25-35 nm two-dimensional patterns in future, mask-wafer gaps of 2-4 μm are needed; it is impractical. Therefore, around 50-70 nm image forming has been considered as the limits of X-ray lithography. Recently, three types of X-ray mask were proposed which enable 25-35 nm image formation while keeping a practical proximity gap >8 μm. The first is enlarged pattern masks (EPMs), applying a line-narrowing effect by edge diffraction. The second is interference slit masks (ISMs), which form design images by interference effect from the slits of the mask. The third is focusing x-ray masks (FXMs), which form an array of concave lenses using the absorbing materials on the mask membrane. These masks, which reduce mask patterns partially (PRMs: partially reducing masks), relieve the limitation of the proximity gaps. In this article, we discuss the design of the masks, beamlines and procedures of writing for 25 nm image formations.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126197383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Ito, G. Wallraff, N. Fender, P. Brock, H. Truong, C. Larson, B. D. Allen
{"title":"Fluoropolymer platforms for 157 nm resist applications","authors":"H. Ito, G. Wallraff, N. Fender, P. Brock, H. Truong, C. Larson, B. D. Allen","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984193","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports progress in the development of 157 nm chemically amplified positive resists, describing the polymer syntheses, polymer characterization (e.g. composition, molecular weight, thermal behavior, dissolution kinetics), and lithographic imaging. Our resists are based on α-trifluoromethylacrylic monomers and hexafluoroisopropanol which has a pKa similar to that of phenol.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127485395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Boher, J. Piel, J. Stehle, A. Dubois, A. Boccara
{"title":"Phase shifting interferometer for the characterization of nanodevices","authors":"P. Boher, J. Piel, J. Stehle, A. Dubois, A. Boccara","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984182","url":null,"abstract":"A new phase shifting interferometry based on the integrating-bucket technique with sinusoidal phase modulation is presented. The phase modulation is achieved by sinusoidal oscillation of an objective and a mirror attached to a PZT. Phase images are produced in real time at a rate of several Hertz. The system is not very sensitive to the vibrations and gives excellent accuracies and repeatabilities which makes it very suitable to the characterization of the nanodevices.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129111601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Tsaur, Lulu Zhang, R. Maeda, S. Matsumoto, S. Khumpuang, J. Wan
{"title":"Design and fabrication of 1D and 2D micro scanners actuated by double layered PZT bimorph beams","authors":"J. Tsaur, Lulu Zhang, R. Maeda, S. Matsumoto, S. Khumpuang, J. Wan","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984161","url":null,"abstract":"Micro scanners including 1D scanner beams and 2D scanning micromirrors are designed and fabricated. In order to yield great actuation force and large scanning angle, double layered PZT beams were developed in this study. In the case of 1D scanner beams (750/spl times/230 /spl mu/m/sup 2/), the optical scanning angle was 41.2 degree while driven dynamically with 5 V (AC) at 2706 Hz. Under the applied bias of 10 V (DC), the optical deflection angle reached 34.3 degree. Combined with four double layered PZT bimorph beams, a 2D scanning micromirror was fabricated successfully.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130837572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Ogino, H. Hoshino, Y. Machida, M. Osawa, K. Takahashi, H. Arimoto
{"title":"A fast and simplified technique of proximity effect correction for ULSI patterns in electron-beam projection lithography","authors":"K. Ogino, H. Hoshino, Y. Machida, M. Osawa, K. Takahashi, H. Arimoto","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984185","url":null,"abstract":"We have proposed a proximity effect correction algorithm using the pattern shape modification method and the interior area removal method, and have applied this algorithm to ULSI patterns.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115310713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Otaki, K. Ota, T. Yamamoto, Y. Fukuda, I. Nishiyama, S. Okazaki
{"title":"Accuracy evaluation of point diffraction interferometer for EUVL mirror","authors":"K. Otaki, K. Ota, T. Yamamoto, Y. Fukuda, I. Nishiyama, S. Okazaki","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984203","url":null,"abstract":"The point diffraction interferometer (PDI) is expected to be a powerful measurement tool for EUVL projection optics. ASET have developed the PDI in corporation with Nikon. Half of transmitted wavefront generated by the pinhole is reflected by the test mirror and interfered with the other half. In PDI, the artificial reference is not used, then the very high accuracy measurement is enabled. Recently, the accuracy of PDI has been evaluated experimentally. Here, two types of accuracy are discussed. The term \"repeatability\" is the difference of two continuous measured data and the term \"absolute accuracy\" is the difference of measured figure from the real value.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123886618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrogen diffusion into the bulk at nearly ideal H-terminated region on Si[100] surfaces","authors":"Zhi-Hong Wang, H. Noda, Y. Nonogaki, T. Urisu","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984119","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen terminated Si surfaces have attracted strong interest not only from the viewpoint of application to semiconductor device fabrication, but also for their importance as a model system for surface science phenomena. In spite of the large number of reported works on the H-termination, there are still many unascertained details. One of the important topics is the hydrogen diffusion into the subsurface, which possibly causes the etching of the surface. As subsurface hydrogen cannot be detected by IRRAS directly, this topic has in the past been not addressed by surface vibration analysis. In this work, the dependence of the infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) using buried metal layer substrate spectra on the substrate temperatures and hydrogen exposures have been measured for H-terminated Si [100]-(2/spl times/1) surfaces. We find that the linewidth change depends significantly on the adsorption temperature (T/sub x/) and hydrogen exposure.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125259241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DNA melting analysis on a microchip after PCR amplification","authors":"M. Slyadnev, K. Sato, M. Tokeshi, T. Kitamori","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984156","url":null,"abstract":"DNA melting analysis requires precise temperature measurement. Since heat capacity of the sample inside microchip is extremely small, a measurement device can affect temperature response. In this paper we report a method of temperature monitoring that was implemented on a chip to overcome this difficulties.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125128036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nakao, Y. Miyamoto, S. Maejima, A. Ueno, S. Yamashita, J. Miyazaki, A. Tokui, K. Tsujita, I. Arimoto
{"title":"Implementation of phase shift focus monitor under modified illumination [photolithography]","authors":"S. Nakao, Y. Miyamoto, S. Maejima, A. Ueno, S. Yamashita, J. Miyazaki, A. Tokui, K. Tsujita, I. Arimoto","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.2001.984033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.2001.984033","url":null,"abstract":"For the convenience of practical use of phase shift focus monitor (PSFM), imaging characteristics of PSFM are investigated under modified illumination by optical image calculations and printing experiments. Although the mechanism of pattern shift is different from that in conventional high coherent illumination, sufficient sensitivity for precise focus monitoring is predicted by optical image calculation. By experiments, predicted characteristics are observed and similar sensitivity to that in conventional illumination is confirmed.","PeriodicalId":202620,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology 2001. 2001 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.01EX468)","volume":"399 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133572632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}