Phytochemical Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Spatial Distribution and Comparative Analysis of Differential Metabolites in Curcuma longa L. Roots and Rhizomes Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS Combined With DESI-MSI.","authors":"Jin Wang, Ying Zhu, Chuyue Wu, Qinwan Huang","doi":"10.1002/pca.3493","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The roots and rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. serve as distinct traditional Chinese medicines with varying therapeutic effects, likely attributed to differences in the accumulation and distribution of metabolites in these parts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aims to investigate the differences and spatial distribution patterns of metabolites in C. longa L. roots and rhizomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Metabolite analysis of roots and rhizomes was conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) combined with desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI). Using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to screen for differential metabolites. The relative contents of differential metabolites were visualized using heat maps. Additionally, the spatial distribution of differential metabolites was analyzed based on DESI-MSI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 49 main chemical components were identified in roots and rhizomes using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Through nontargeted metabolomics analysis combining UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS with PCA and OPLS-DA, 24 differential markers were identified; Additionally, using DESI-MSI alongside PCA and OPLS-DA, 18 differential markers were selected. Based on the DESI-MSI results, curcuminoids and sesquiterpenoids, including bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, furanodienone, furanogermenone, furanodiene, β-elemene, and curzerene, were more abundant in the rhizomes compared to the roots. And these differential compounds exhibited spatial distribution differences in the epidermis, phloem, and xylem between the roots and rhizomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The metabolomics analysis using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS combined with DESI-MSI suggest differences in the accumulation and spatial distribution of metabolites in C. longa L. roots and rhizomes, possibly related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1079-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing How Zhizi Baipi Decoction Regulates VEGF to Suppress RA Angiogenesis Using Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.","authors":"Jing Xu, Yulong Zhu, Yi Wei, Peirong Gan, Shilin Xia, Ya Li, Xiaoman Jiang, Yan Wang, Hong Wu","doi":"10.1002/pca.3508","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily manifests with symptoms such as heat and toxin. However, the key components and molecular mechanisms of Zhizi Baipi decoction (ZBD) in the treatment of RA are still unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to explore the mechanism of action of ZBD for treating RA through ingredient analysis, network pharmacology, and experimental validation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The chemical constituents of ZBD were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-TOF-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E). Additionally, the active ingredients of ZBD treating RA were screened by network pharmacology and using molecular docking to verify the binding energy of the active ingredients and ZBD's targets. Then we elucidated ZBD's mechanism of action on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model rats. Subsequently, experimental validations were used to validate the findings of network pharmacology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 84 chemical constituents was identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E. The results of network pharmacology indicated that ZBD could exert its therapeutic effect on RA through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Molecular docking revealed a strong binding capacity between the target KDR and the active ingredients. Additionally, we quantified the five active ingredients of ZBD. In vivo experiments demonstrated that ZBD inhibited synovial angiogenesis and alleviated the occurrence and progression of RA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, ZBD has a significant therapeutic effect on RA. The results of qualitative analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo experiments indicated that the main active components of ZBD could modulate the VEGF pathway to treat RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1252-1267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative and Comparative Study of APORT Apple Peel Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Technology and Fruit Peel Comparison of Different Provenances.","authors":"Xinyue Dong, Ge Bai, Alzhan Amantay, Xiaoyu Zhang, Haiqi Zhao, Xiaofeng Ma, Zhongbo Liu","doi":"10.1002/pca.3504","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to qualitatively study the main chemical components of apple peel in APORT, Kazakhstan, by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) and to compare the components of apple peels with different provenances.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) column was used with 0.1% formic acid water (A)-acetonitrile (B) as the mobile phase and gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min and a column temperature of 40°C. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed using the ESI positive and negative ion modes to acquire the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With the Mass Lynx 4.2 workstation, online database, retention time of chromatographic peaks of each compound, and secondary fragmentation law, 14 compounds were identified from APORT apple peel extraction samples for the first time, and the main component categories included flavonols, organic acids, dihydrochalcones, terpenes, flavanols, etc., and caffeic acid, crataegolic acid, quinine acid, and quercitrin were found to be unique in APORT apple peel.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1212-1222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isomer Differentiation by UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS led to Enhanced Identification of Daphnane Diterpenoids in Daphne tangutica.","authors":"Kouharu Otsuki, Mi Zhang, Lingjian Tan, Masayoshi Komaki, Akane Shimada, Takashi Kikuchi, Di Zhou, Ning Li, Wei Li","doi":"10.1002/pca.3491","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has enhanced the rapid, accurate analysis of complex plant extracts, eliminating the need for extensive isolation. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) further enhances this process by providing detailed structural information. However, differentiating structural isomers remains a challenge due to their minor spectral and structural differences.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to extend the applicability of LC-MS/MS for the structural identification of daphnane diterpenoids, with a particular focus on distinguishing functional isomers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LC-MS analyses were performed using an UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS. The MS conditions for distinguishing isomers were optimized using in-source CID and HCD modes with reference compounds. A qualitative analysis was then conducted on the extract of Daphne tangutica. The chemical structures of the detected daphnane diterpenoids were estimated by analyzing the fragmentation patterns in both the mass spectra and product ion spectra. These identifications were further validated by isolation and comparison with an in-house daphnane diterpenoid library.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By optimizing MS conditions, especially in the negative ion mode, it was possible to accurately distinguish structural isomers such as yuanhuajine and gniditrin. Qualitative analysis of D. tangutica identified a total of 28 daphnanes, including seven previously unreported compounds. Furthermore, a novel geometric isomer of gniditrin was isolated by conducting isolation on the crude diterpenoid fraction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that LC-MS/MS analysis can effectively distinguish functional isomers of daphnane diterpenoids, thereby enhancing the identification of daphnanes in plant extracts and highlighting its potential as a powerful tool for phytochemical analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1053-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast and Efficient Screening and Separation Based on AUF-MS Combined With Molecular Docking Technology and Network Pharmacology Method for Potential Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors From Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum.","authors":"Qiang Liu, Yuyu Nong, Sainan Li, Yang Zhou, Xuanlin Liu, Duo Liu, Yanjie Li","doi":"10.1002/pca.3485","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Studies show that Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum (PRP) has some pharmacological effects in enhancing immunity and against gout.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A mathematical model was created for extraction process optimization, analysis and identification, activity screening, and isolation and purification; moreover, the mechanism of action was studied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>First, the extraction of PRP was investigated using the gray wolf optimization mathematical regression model; the extraction variables were optimized to maximize the yield. Second, we used network pharmacological analysis to predict potential targets for PRP in treating gout; xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XODIs) were rapidly screened using AUF-MS and enzyme-catalyzed reaction kinetics. The potential antigout effects of the obtained active substances were verified using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis. Finally, with activity screening as the guide, an HSCCC method combined with consecutive injection using the UNIFAC mathematical model and semipreparative HSCCC was successfully developed for the separation and purification of XODIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results verified that uridine, guanosine, adenosine, liquiritin, and liquiritigenin of PRP exhibited high biological affinity toward XOD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study clarifies the mechanisms of action of a medicinal plant of interest at the molecular level and can provide more opportunities for the discovery and development of new therapeutic drugs from other food resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"985-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecdysteroids in Native Trees and Callus Cultures of the Genus Vitex L. of the Flora of Russia and Vietnam.","authors":"V V Volodin, S O Volodina, E V Nekrasova, Vu Thi Loan, E B Serebryakov, D A Frolova, K G Ufimtsev","doi":"10.1002/pca.3511","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vitex L. is a large genus of tropical and subtropical trees used in medicine of many nations. Some species are used in gynecology due to flavonoids, iridoids, and diterpenes. Other species were shown to contain ecdysteroids and are used as tonic remedies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate content and patterns of distribution of ecdysteroids in native trees and their accumulation in in vitro cell cultures as potential biotechnological agents of Vitex species growing in remote flora of Russia and Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Targeted UPLC-MS/MS was used for the quantitation of the ecdysteroids in samples of plants and callus cultures of Vitex species. Determination of nucleotide sequences was carried out on ABI PRISM 3730xl sequencer. Phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega v.7.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Samples of Vitex agnus-castus L. from Russian Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, as well as samples of nine species of Vitex from Vietnam were collected for ecdysteroids quantification. Relationships between the content of ecdysteroids and the systematic position of the Vitex species were shown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher levels of ecdysteroids were revealed in different plant parts of Vitex canescens Kurz, Vitex pinnata L., Vitex quinata (Lour.) F.N.Williams, and Vitex tripinnata (Lour.) Merr. It has been established that species rich in ecdysteroids, as well as those containing trace amount of ecdysteroids (V. agnus-castus L., Vitex negundo L., and Vitex rotundifolia L.f.) are grouped in certain clades isolated from each other on the molecular phylogenetic tree of the genus. The most promising raw materials are the young leaves of V. tripinnata (8562 μg/g of dry biomass), as well as the bark of V. canescens (16,520 μg/g) and V. quinata (19,130 μg/g). The bark of V. canescens could be a good source of turkesterone (11α-oxyecdysteroid) that has pronounced pharmacological effects. Its content reaches up to 1400 μg/g in the bark. Discovering ability of callus cultures for synthesis of ecdysteroids allows us to outline experimental ways to increase the level of ecdysteroid biosynthesis in biotechnological systems as alternative source of ecdysteroids.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1278-1295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paper-Based Device for Phenolic Content Determination in Tea Extracts.","authors":"Rachma Athaya Silver, Eka Noviana, Muhammad Al-Fatih Ash Shiddiq, Nur Kumala Wardani, Anjar Windarsih, Fauzian Sekar Indrasyah, Nanang Fakhrudin, Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih, Charles S Henry","doi":"10.1002/pca.3494","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Phenolic compounds garner interest in developing medicines, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals based on natural products. The quantity of phenolic compounds in a sample is commonly determined via spectrophotometry; however, this instrumented technique is relatively laborious and time consuming and requires a large amount of reagents.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This work aimed to develop a simple, point-of-need colorimetric sensor to rapidly determine total phenolic content (TPC) in tea extracts.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We developed a radial paper-based analytical device (PAD) for TPC determination based on the established colorimetric reaction between the Folin-Ciocâlteu reagent and phenols. The PAD was designed to enable quantitative (with image capturing device and color processing software) and semiquantitative (using a color palette reference card) determinations. Analytical performance and stability of the PAD were evaluated based on the color responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PAD was successfully applied for the determination of phenolics in tea extracts obtained using several polar protic solvents, including water, methanol, and ethanol, with satisfactory accuracy (recovery of 95.5%-104%, 110%-116%, and 104%-110%, respectively) and precision (RSD < 9%). The obtained TPC values also agreed with those from visible spectrophotometry. Semiquantitative determination using the color reference card with three categories of TPC level (i.e., 0-100, 100-500, and 500-1000 mg gallic acid equivalent/L) provided > 95% accuracy. The devices were the most stable when stored at 4°C in a light-protected, vacuum-sealed container. The proposed PAD is promising for simple, rapid (~10-20 min), and accurate estimation of TPC in plant extracts.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1094-1104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Quality Marker for Mume Fructus Pulp by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics Combined With Biological Activities.","authors":"Qiao Liu, Danni Chen, Huixin Liu, Miaomiao Wang, Yaqian Zhou, Hui Dai, Jian Liu, Wu Yin, Fangzhou Yin","doi":"10.1002/pca.3502","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As a widely used Chinese herbal medicine, Mume Fructus pulp (MFP) has rich nutritional value and biological activity, but its quality control research is relatively scarce.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of the study was to evaluate the quality difference between MFPs from different origins and its adulterant apricot pulp (APP), and to identify potential quality markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The chemical compositions were identified by untargeted metabolomics analysis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with feature-based molecular networking. The effect of the test samples on the gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines was investigated by RT-qPCR and ELISA analyses to determine their anti-inflammatory potential. Antioxidant activity was assessed by a free radical scavenging assay. Subsequently, the relationship between biological activity and chemical composition was analyzed by chemometrics, and the quality index of MFP was preliminarily determined. Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, quality markers of MFP and their possible molecular mechanisms were further determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in the contents of flavonoids and organic acids, as well as the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of MFPs from different habitats. Its adulterant APP was not only different from MFP in composition, but also had significantly weaker biological activity. Sixteen compounds were positively correlated with the antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effects of MFP. Combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking, citric acid, maleic acid, rutin, quercetin, isoquercetin, spiraeoside, and hesperidin were identified as potential quality markers of MFP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed the potential of untargeted metabolomic analysis combined with bioactivity assays in the identification of herbal quality markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1185-1201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of a Unique Monoterpene Diperoxy Dimer From Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. bungeana Together With Triterpenes With Antidiabetic Properties.","authors":"Milan Malaník, Jakub Treml, Renata Kubínová, Gabriela Vávrová, Michal Oravec, Jaromír Marek, Karlygash Zhaparkulova, Liliya Ibragimova, Tolkyn Bekezhanova, Aigerim Karaubayeva, Zuriyadda Sakipova, Karel Šmejkal","doi":"10.1002/pca.3505","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. bungeana (Juz.) Rech.f. is used in traditional medicine for various purposes. Previous phytochemical studies focused on phenolic compounds, but triterpenoids were almost overlooked.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study focused on the isolation of compounds with dual antidiabetic activity from the aerial parts of Z. clinopodioides subsp. bungeana.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Separation of CHCl₃-soluble fraction by silica gel column chromatography using different mobile phases and purification of compounds by semi-preparative HPLC or preparative TLC. The structures of pure compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments along with HRMS. Compound 1 was additionally identified by the single crystal X-ray diffraction method. α-Glucosidase inhibitory assay and GLUT4 expression and translocation in C2C12 myotubes were conducted to evaluate antidiabetic potential of isolated compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This phytochemical study led to the isolation of 20 compounds, including a unique monoterpene diperoxy dimer (1). Compounds 7 and 9-11 displayed more potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ 45.3-135.3 μM) than acarbose used as a positive control (IC₅₀ 264.7 μM), while only pomolic acid (5) increased GLUT4 translocation in C2C12 myotubes in a significant manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extensive chromatographic separation led to the isolation and identification of a unique monoterpene diperoxy dimer (1) from aerial parts of Z. clinopodioides subsp. bungeana. Some triterpenes inhibited α-glucosidase, another increased GLUT4 translocation. Although none of the isolated compounds demonstrated dual antidiabetic activity, selected triterpenes proved to be potent antidiabetic agents in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1223-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12129716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolite Screening From Pinus pinea Needles Reveals (+)-Isocupressic Acid as a Key Phytotoxin for Weed Management.","authors":"Hajer Hlaili, Jesús G Zorrilla, Maria Michela Salvatore, Mejda Abassi, Maria Teresa Russo, Miriam I Martínez-González, Marina DellaGreca, Alessio Cimmino, Francisco A Macías, Anna Andolfi, Rosa M Varela, Marco Masi","doi":"10.1002/pca.3546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.3546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Weeds are a major threat to crop productivity, competing for essential resources and often developing resistance to herbicides, which underscores the need for novel, sustainable control strategies. The valorization of agricultural and forestry underutilized byproducts, such as plant needles, presents a promising opportunity for developing eco-friendly bioherbicides based on allelopathy.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigates the phytotoxicity of Pinus pinea needle extracts and metabolites to evaluate their potential for controlling dicotyledonous weeds.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The chemical characterization of extracts and isolated compounds was performed via GC-MS, NMR, and optical methods while phytotoxicity bioassays were carried out using the herbicides Pacifica Plus (Bayer CropScience) and pendimethalin, the active ingredient in Stone Aqua (Tokyo Chemical Industry), as positive controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dichloromethane extract exhibited the highest phytotoxicity, significantly inhibiting Portulaca oleracea and Plantago lanceolata weeds. GC-MS analysis revealed an array of aromatic compounds of interest for phytochemical research, and through bio-guided purification, five lignans and the diterpenic acid (+)-isocupressic acid were isolated. (+)-Isocupressic acid showed the strongest phytotoxicity on P. oleracea, particularly on root growth (-83% ± 4% at 1000 μM), which could be correlated with structural moieties in its structure (fused-ring scaffold with an exocyclic double bond, an exocyclic chain containing a double bond or hydroxyl group, and a carboxylic acid group), a number of H-bond donors ≤ 2, and higher lipophilicity (Clog p = 5.11). Some lignans displayed mild inhibitory or stimulatory effects on P. lanceolata.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>P. pinea needle extracts and metabolites have demonstrated potential as natural bioherbicides for weed management. Further research is prompted to explore large-scale applicability, environmental safety through ecotoxicological studies, and optimized formulations to enhance their practical use in sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}