Phytochemical Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Isomer Differentiation by UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS led to Enhanced Identification of Daphnane Diterpenoids in Daphne tangutica.","authors":"Kouharu Otsuki, Mi Zhang, Lingjian Tan, Masayoshi Komaki, Akane Shimada, Takashi Kikuchi, Di Zhou, Ning Li, Wei Li","doi":"10.1002/pca.3491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.3491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has enhanced the rapid, accurate analysis of complex plant extracts, eliminating the need for extensive isolation. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) further enhances this process by providing detailed structural information. However, differentiating structural isomers remains a challenge due to their minor spectral and structural differences.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to extend the applicability of LC-MS/MS for the structural identification of daphnane diterpenoids, with a particular focus on distinguishing functional isomers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LC-MS analyses were performed using an UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS. The MS conditions for distinguishing isomers were optimized using in-source CID and HCD modes with reference compounds. A qualitative analysis was then conducted on the extract of Daphne tangutica. The chemical structures of the detected daphnane diterpenoids were estimated by analyzing the fragmentation patterns in both the mass spectra and product ion spectra. These identifications were further validated by isolation and comparison with an in-house daphnane diterpenoid library.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By optimizing MS conditions, especially in the negative ion mode, it was possible to accurately distinguish structural isomers such as yuanhuajine and gniditrin. Qualitative analysis of D. tangutica identified a total of 28 daphnanes, including seven previously unreported compounds. Furthermore, a novel geometric isomer of gniditrin was isolated by conducting isolation on the crude diterpenoid fraction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that LC-MS/MS analysis can effectively distinguish functional isomers of daphnane diterpenoids, thereby enhancing the identification of daphnanes in plant extracts and highlighting its potential as a powerful tool for phytochemical analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Markers of Fufang Shenqi Oral Liquid Based on Integrated Fingerprint Analysis, Chemical Pattern Recognition, and Quantification.","authors":"Yingqi Zhang, Yangling Li, Yanwei Cheng, Huiling Nan, Yuqiang Wu, Hongtao Chen, Xuejian Li, Yudong Luo, Anqiang Tan, Qing Chen","doi":"10.1002/pca.3489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.3489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fufang Shenqi Oral Liquid (FFSQOL) is an important Chinese medicine compound preparation with a wide range of clinical applications, which is mainly used to regulate immune function, improve cardiovascular function, and have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. At present, it is of great importance to establish the quality evaluation method of FFSQOL and to investigate its quality markers (Q-markers).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study is to establish a quality evaluation method for FFSQOL and screen its Q-markers to provide a scientific basis for its quality control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen batches of FFSQOL were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint and similarity analysis. The components of FFSQOL were identified, and their content was determined. This was combined with cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the Q-markers of FFSQOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, an HPLC fingerprint was established for 14 batches of FFSQOL, identifying 12 common peaks and six major components. Four components were identified as stable and reproducible: gallic acid (504.94 ~ 1219.04 μg/mL), caffeic acid (452.15 ~ 783.01 μg/mL), 7-O-glucoside (1097.72 ~ 2440.41 μg/mL), and formononetin (176.2 ~ 177.51 μg/mL). Quality evaluation of the 14 batches was conducted using chemical pattern recognition analysis. CA results indicated two distinct groups, and PCA revealed that principal components 1 and 2 were the main factors influencing batch differences. A combination of HPLC fingerprint, content determination results, and chemical pattern recognition analysis was employed to identify Q-markers for FFSQOL. The markers identified were gallic acid, caffeic acid, calycosin 7-O-glucoside, and formononetin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, a quality evaluation method for FFSQOL was established through the implementation of fingerprint, content determination, and chemical pattern recognition analysis, resulting in the identification of four Q-Markers of FFSQOL, which laid the foundation for the formulation of FFSQOL quality standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPLC Fingerprint Combined With Chemometrics and Multicomponent Content Determination for Quality Evaluation and Control of Huangma Tincture.","authors":"Jing Qiu, Jie Li, Si-Yang Shang, Peng Zhou, Jing Leng","doi":"10.1002/pca.3487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.3487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Huangma Tincture (HMT) is a Chinese patent medicine with a history of clinical use for more than 60 years, widely used for treating dermal chronic ulcer such as diabetic foot ulcer. However, the overall quality evaluation and control method of HMT has not yet been researched.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to establish a comprehensive quality evaluation and control method for HMT based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint, chemometrics, and multicomponent content determination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Establishing chemical fingerprint of HMT and carrying out similarity analysis comprehensively reflect the consistency of the formulation in terms of chemical composition. Chemometrics analyses, including hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were performed to identify components crucial to quality differences. The content of five potential bioactive ingredients (brucine, strychnine, jatrorrhizine, coptisine, and berberine hydrochloride) was determined as a supplementary quality control measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HPLC fingerprint of HMT with similarity index > 0.990 was established, in which five common compounds (brucine, strychnine, jatrorrhizine, coptisine, and berberine hydrochloride) were identified. HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA results, validated through 200 permutation tests, were basically consistent. The contents of brucine, strychnine, jatrorrhizine, coptisine, and berberine hydrochloride in 20 batches of HMT samples were 0.2088-0.5556, 0.2599-0.9868, 0.1358-0.2092, 0.2634-0.6843, and 1.8301-2.7826 mg/mL, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HPLC fingerprint combined with chemometrics and multicomponent content determination considering both effect and toxicity provides a robust method for the comprehensive quality evaluation and control of HMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Multifaceted Applications of Seaweed and Its Derived Compounds in Biomedicine and Nutraceuticals: A Promising Resource for Future.","authors":"Zeeshan Hyderi, Arunachalam Kannappan, Arumugam Veera Ravi","doi":"10.1002/pca.3482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.3482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for global food resources and over-dependence on terrestrial agroecosystems pose a significant challenge to the sustainable production of food commodities. Macroalgae are an essential source of food production in the marine environment, and their cultivation is a promising approach to alleviate the impending global food insecurity due to key factors, such as independence from terrestrial agriculture, rapid growth rate, unique biochemical composition, and carbon capture potential. Moreover, in many countries, seaweed has been used as food for decades because of its health and nutritional benefits. Seaweed contains bioactive components that are beneficial against various pathological conditions, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, and neurological disorders. Furthermore, the natural products derived from macroalgae have also been found to have immunostimulatory and antimicrobial properties. Macroalgae are also a significant source of rare sugars such as L-fucose, L-rhamnose, and glucuronic acid. Besides sugars, other bioactive components have been widely reported for their potential in cosmeceuticals. We have outlined the nutrient composition and functional properties of different species of macroalgae, with an emphasis on their potential as value-added products to the functional food market. Beyond being nutritional powerhouses, the variety of biological activities in human health and biomedicine makes them excellent candidates for developing novel drugs. Therefore, this review summarizes the pharmaceutical applications of macroalgae and suggests potential strategies for incorporating macroalgae-derived bioactive compounds into therapeutic products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Pressurized Water Extraction With Ultrasound Assisted Extraction for Isolation of Phycobiliproteins From Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina).","authors":"Lenka Burdějová, Pavlína Dadajová, Barbora Kudláčková, Filip Duša","doi":"10.1002/pca.3486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.3486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (AP) (Nordstedt) Gomont contains high content of phycobiliproteins (PBP), which are an important source for food industry. Methods effectively extracting proteins contained in AP cells are demanded to provide a supply of the material. Water-based extraction methods are advisable due to the high solubility of the PBP.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Extraction techniques such as ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and pressurized water extraction (PWE) are popular due to their environmental friendliness, better extraction efficiency, and faster extraction process. In this paper, efficiency of the two methods is compared.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PWE along with UAE is utilized for release of PBP from the AP cells. The extraction parameters including time, temperature, pressure, and ultrasound intensity are tested to obtain the most efficient setup. The methods were evaluated using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and the replicates of PWE extracts were further analyzed by capillary isoelectric focusing with laser-induced fluorescence (cIEF-LIF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The developed PWE method using higher pressure treatment at lower temperature was significantly faster than UAE methods, and the SDS-PAGE results showed a high content of phycobiliproteins in the extracts. cIEF-LIF analysis showed that the sequential PWE of individual samples was repeatable, and the mild extraction provided a fluorescent profile similar to the commercially available C-phycocyanin standard.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pressurized water extraction was shown to be an efficient, rapid, and well-automated extraction method for AP proteins in general, including bioactive phycobiliproteins. Obtained results encourage the use of PWE in small-scale analytical applications for primary extraction of proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Impact of Extraction Processes on the Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine Granules.","authors":"Cong Zhang, Chungang Zhang, Meng Liu, Ti Wang","doi":"10.1002/pca.3484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.3484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to summarize and elucidate the extraction processes of traditional Chinese medicine granules, examining their connection to quality control, with the aim of establishing a foundation for superior extraction methodologies.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This article systematically collects and analyzes relevant literature from the past two decades through databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and CNKI, focusing on the extraction processes of traditional Chinese medicine granules and the factors affecting extraction efficiency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This article provides a comprehensive account of the extraction and granulation processes of traditional Chinese medicine granules. Beginning with the physicochemical properties and chemical components of herbal slices, it explores ways to improve extraction efficiency while also examining the relationship between component structure and biological activity. Rooted in the fundamental theories of traditional Chinese medicine and harmonized with contemporary extraction technologies, it follows the principle that \"quality originates from design,\" ensuring stringent control over the extraction process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article analyzes extraction technologies, factors influencing extraction efficiency, and quality control measures, establishing a theoretical basis for achieving high-quality and high-yield extraction processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective recovery of limonene-rich concentrate from lemon residues using terpene-based deep eutectic solvents based on statistical experimental design.","authors":"Melike Meryem Horuzoğlu, Sefanur Satılmış, Ebru Kurtulbaş, Selin Şahin","doi":"10.1002/pca.3431","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Waste by-products of the juice industry appear valuable for the circular economy concept, considering that the peel accounts for almost half of the total fruit weight. Therefore, the recovery of these highly valuable components from relevant biowaste has become a very interesting research topic.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aims to develop an extraction process integrated with hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on statistical experimental design approach.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Homogenizer-assissted extraction (HAE) was used to recover the citrus extract rich in limonene (the main component of the volatile mixture) from lemon peels. Menthol-based deep eutectic mixtures were accompanied by carboxylic acids (formic, acetic, and propionic acids). Optimization continued on the combination that gave the highest efficiency (in terms of limonene content) among the solvents prepared at different molar ratios (1/1, 1/2, and 2/1). Process parameters were analyzed to optimize the process through central composite design with response surface method (RSM). D-Limonene yield was quantified with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique. The quality of the lemon peel extracts was also evaluated with respect to in vitro bioactivity assays (phenolic content and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] free radical scavenging activity).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum yield (3.80 mg-limonene per g fresh sample) was achieved by 2 mg solid/30 mL DES, ~53 sec, and ~8500 rpm. Statistically most effective variable was identified as solid mass, followed by second powers of mixing speed and extraction time at p < 0.0001.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1794-1802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin profile of Greek red grape skins belonging to Vradiano, Limnio, and Kotsifali cultivars, analyzed by a novel LC-QTOF-MS/MS method.","authors":"Christina Karadimou, Elissavet Petsa, Niki-Athina Ouroumi, Emmanouil-Nikolaos Papadakis, Nikolaos Kontoudakis, Serafeim Theocharis, Ioannis Mourtzinos, Urania Menkissoglu-Spiroudi, Natasa P Kalogiouri, Stefanos Koundouras","doi":"10.1002/pca.3400","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Winegrape varieties Kotsifali, Limnio, and Vradiano OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a liquid chromatographic quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometric (LC-QTOF-MS/MS) method for the investigation of the anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin content of Greek grape varieties employing target and suspect screening strategies.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A novel LC-QTOF-MS/MS method was developed and validated to assess the anthocyanin content of Kotsifali, Limnio, and Vradiano grape varieties. Sixteen grape samples were collected from the main growing areas of each variety in Greece. The influence of the grape variety on the anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin composition of three Greek winegrapes was investigated using chemometrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Excellent linearity (R² > 0.99) was achieved for all the target analytes, and recoveries ranged between 90.1% and 119.1%. The limits of quantification (LOQs) and limits of detection (LODs) were calculated over the range of 0.020-0.40 mg/g and 0.010-0.13 mg/g, respectively. The RSD% was lower than 9.1% and 7.3% for intra-day and inter-day studies, respectively, indicating satisfactory trueness and precision. Target and suspect screening resulted in the identification of 5 and 26 anthocyanins, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Kotsifali variety exhibited a higher concentration of anthocyanins compared with Vradiano and Limnio. Higher levels of mean degree of polymerization (mDp) and different percentage levels of prodelphinidins (%P) were established among the varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1781-1793"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometric study for the performances of deep eutectic solvents during the recovery of high-added-value substances from Moringa oleifera leaves: Principal component analysis.","authors":"Ebru Kurtulbaş","doi":"10.1002/pca.3220","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Moringa oleifera is a plant with high antioxidant content in its leaves, flowers and seeds. It attracts the attention of researchers with the effect of its nutritional and medical advantages.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of the current study is to propose a deep eutectic solvent (DES)-based ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive substances from M. oleifera leaves by the application of a chemometric study.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 18 different choline chloride-based DESs were prepared by using several hydrogen bond donors (glucose, sucrose, glycerol, ethylene glycol, urea and dimethyl urea) with various molar ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 2:1) by addition of diluents (water and 50% methanol) or alone. In order to decide the best DES combination, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. The response surface method (RSM) was used as statistical experimental design approach through the Box-Behnken design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best phenolic (TPC), flavonoid (TFC) and antioxidant activity yields of M. oleifera leaf extract were found to be 19.102 mg-GAE, 10.47 mg-CE and 24.404 mg-TEAC per gram dried leaf under the optimal conditions (50% water content, 20% amplitude, 15 min time). The model fitting has been also found reliable depending on the statistical indicators such as p-value (<0.0001), coefficients of determination (R² = 0.9827, 0.9916 and 0.9864) and root mean square error (RMSE = 1.0562, 2.4656 and 0.7713).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A chemometric study through PCA was carried out to determine the similarities and differences between the solvent groups, and the ethylene glycol-based DES (1:2, molar ratio) with the addition of water showed the best performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1748-1756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10839290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preservation of active components in olive leaf extract by spray drying method in biodegradable polymers: Optimization, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and application.","authors":"İrem Toprakçı, Gulderen Cosgun, Ferhan Balci-Torun, Mehmet Torun, Selin Şahin","doi":"10.1002/pca.3222","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.3222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Encapsulation of the bioactive ingredients in biodegradable and edible polymers is an alternative novel application method to keep these kind of natural products stable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose is to optimize the encapsulation system of olive leaf extract by spray drying method, and to apply the products into a model food.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Olive leaf extract was encapsulated in arabic gum/maltodextrin blend by spray drying method. Combined design approach under I-optimal design type was used to optimize the system. Characterisation studies under moisture content, water activity, solubility, bulk density, tapped density, Carr index, particle size distribution, powder morphology and glass transition temperature were applied to the microparticles obtained under optimum conditions. The bioavailability of the encapsulated active material was tested by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Furthermore, microparticles produced under optimum conditions were also evaluated for a potential functional food application.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimum conditions were achieved by arabic gum/maltodextrin (3.7:6.3) with 10% (w/v) in the mixture of wall material and active material under 165.5°C to achieve maximum encapsulation efficiency (86.92%), encapsulation yield (71.32%) and antioxidant activity (5.74 mg Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity/g dry microparticle).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Olive leaf extract encapsulated in arabic gum/maltodextrin may be a good alternative additive to prevent the lipid oxidation in fat-containing food products as well as improvement of the product quality by functional properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"1757-1770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9124837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}