Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Natural Language Processing Model for Triaging Head and Neck Patient Appointments.","authors":"Stefanie Seo, Andy S Ding, Syed Ameen Ahmad, Kevin Z Xin, Max L Jiam, Vincent Xin, Leila J Mady, Christine G Gourin, Wojciech K Mydlarz, Nyall R London, Wayne Koch, Carole Fakhry, Nicole T Jiam","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Inaccurate patient triage contributes to suboptimal clinical capacity management and delays in patient care, which in cancer patients may significantly increase morbidity and mortality. We developed a natural language processing (NLP) model as an adjunctive tool for head and neck (H&N) patient triage workflows. This study assesses the model's ability to categorize and triage patient appointments based on available documentation.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>An academic institution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 83 new patients seeing an H&N surgeon from January to April 2024 with at least 1 referral record (clinic note, imaging, or pathology report) available were included in this study. Referral clinic, imaging, and pathology reports were entered into the NLP model to predict pathology type (non-endocrine H&N neoplasm, thyroid, parathyroid, and benign lesions), malignancy risk, and appointment urgency. The gold standard was the final diagnosis from pathology reports or surgeons' clinic notes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NLP model achieved an accuracy of 81.9% for pathology type and 86.8% for urgency level. Sensitivity was high for non-endocrine H&N neoplasms (88.9%), thyroid pathology (88.9%), and parathyroid pathology (100%), although lower for benign lesions (67.9%). Specificity was 86.8% for non-endocrine H&N neoplasms, 91.9% for thyroid pathology, 97.6% for parathyroid pathology, and 96.4% for benign lesions. Prediction of appointment urgency achieved a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.698, reflecting strong predictive performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This novel NLP model demonstrated robust performance characteristics for predicting H&N diagnoses based on referring documents and excelled at identifying patients requiring urgent care based on malignancy risk. This tool may help H&N practice coordinators screen referrals, potentially optimizing patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial Toxicity Across the Thyroid Cancer Care Continuum: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Maria Armache, Rachel Stemme, Wassim Najjar, Nadia L Samaha, Madison Hearn, Stefany Lazieh, Emily Joseph, Kaitlyn Frazier, Douglas Ball, Jonathon O Russell, Carole Fakhry, Laila A Gharzai, Leila J Mady","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the financial toxicity (FT) associated with thyroid cancer (TC) across the care continuum and elucidate factors contributing to FT in this patient population.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus.</p><p><strong>Review methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted of peer-reviewed studies on FT in patients with a history of TC, between 1995 and 2024, using search terms \"thyroid cancer,\" \"financial toxicity,\" and their relevant synonyms. Full-text, English-language studies reporting subjective (self-reported FT) and objective (out-of-pocket [OOP], employment changes, and bankruptcy) FT outcomes were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 927 studies were identified, with 13 meeting the inclusion criteria. Nine studies addressed subjective FT, with prevalence rates ranging from 16% to 47%. Younger age, lack of health insurance, belonging to a racial minority, and having a lower annual household income were significantly associated with increased FT. Patients with TC had higher OOP costs and bankruptcy rates compared to other cancer types or matched controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite a generally favorable prognosis, patients with TC experience significant FT, particularly among vulnerable groups such as younger individuals, the uninsured, and racial/ethnic minorities. In the setting of the rising incidence of TC, it is essential to identify and address FT in this population. Addressing FT requires a multifaceted approach, which includes incorporating financial counseling and cost discussions in routine care, ensuring comprehensive insurance coverage, and implementing employer-level protections to mitigate income and insurance loss. Further research is needed to understand the potential financial implications of different care pathways in the treatment of TC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elective Neck Dissection in cT1-4 N0M0 Head and Neck Spindle Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Praneet C Kaki, Aman M Patel, Hassaam S Choudhry, Jason A Brant, Robert M Brody, Ryan M Carey","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the survival benefit of elective neck dissection (END) over neck observation in surgically resected cT1-4 N0M0 head and neck spindle cell carcinoma (HNSpCC).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The 2006 to 2018 hospital-based National Cancer Database (NCDB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with surgically resected cT1-4 N0M0 HNSpCC were selected. Linear, binary logistic, Kaplan-Meier, and Cox proportional hazards regression models were implemented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 815 patients satisfying inclusion criteria, a high proportion were male (72.4%) and white (86.0%) with disease of the larynx (43.8%) classified as high grade (87.7%) and cT1-2 (74.8%). In total, 235 (28.8%) patients underwent END. END utilization between 2006 and 2018 increased for cT1-2 disease (4.0% vs 30.5%, R² = 0.731) and for cT3-4 disease (15.4% vs 84.6%, R² = 0.606). In total, 58 (24.7%) ENDs detected occult nodal metastases (ONMs). The 5-year overall survival (OS) of patients undergoing neck observation and END was 62% and 54%, respectively (P = .215). Among patients undergoing END, patients with ONM had worse 5-year OS than those without ONM (38% vs 60%, P < .001). On multivariable Cox regression, END was not associated with OS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.74, 95% CI 0.68-1.32, P = .735); ONM (hazard ratio [HR] 2.01, 95% CI 1.29-3.12, P = .002) was associated with worse OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>END is performed in a high proportion (30%) of patients with cN0M0 HNSpCC but is not associated with higher OS. The rate of ONM approaching 25% and the association between ONM and worse OS, however, justify consideration of END in HNSpCC.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: 4: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Vidian-Branch Neurectomy in Intractable Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Shaobing Xie, Fengjun Wang, Hua Zhang, Zhihai Xie, Junyi Zhang, Weihong Jiang","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Intractable allergic rhinitis (iAR) remains a clinical challenge. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic selective vidian branch neurectomy for iAR.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A prospective clinical study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A tertiary referral center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 205 iAR patients were initially recruited and divided into 3 groups: endoscopic vidian-branch neurectomy (EVBN), endoscopic vidian neurectomy (EVN), and conservative treatment (control). All patients were followed up for more than 2 years, and the efficacy and postoperative complications were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 2-year follow-up, a total of 195 patients were included, with 59 patients in EVBN group, 71 in EVN group, and 64 in control group. Post-treatment assessments at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years revealed significant reductions in the total Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores and each domain in both EVBN and EVN groups compared to their baseline levels. However, no significant changes were observed in control group. Furthermore, the improvements in RQLQ 2 years post-treatment were higher in EVBN and EVN groups compared to control group. In EVBN group, only 3 (5.1%) patients reported mild eye dryness during the first month postoperation. However, in the EVN group, 15 (21.1%) patients experienced eye dryness, with 6 (8.5%) cases persisting for more than 1 year and remaining unresolved by the end of the 2-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both EVBN and EVN were effective in iAR patients. However, EVBN appears to be a safer option, associated with fewer postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Collaborative Trends in Otolaryngology Research: U.S. Partnerships With Low-, Middle-, and Other High-Income Countries.","authors":"Shiven Sharma, Mohammed Abduljalil, Dany Alkurdi, Omar Alani, Vikram Vasan, Shreya Deshmukh, Prabhjot Singh, Torin Thielhelm, Dev Patel, Keshav Sharma, Satish Govindaraj, Alfred Marc Iloreta","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Otolaryngology-related conditions impose a significant burden on low-income countries (LICs), lower-middle-income countries (LMICs), and, at times, upper-middle-income countries (UMICs), where health care resources are limited. International research collaboration with high-income countries (HICs), like the United States, can address these disparities by advancing global health knowledge. As such, the underlying objective was to define trends of collaborative otolaryngology publications among the United States and LICs, LMICs, UMICs, and other HICs as well as assess the global distribution of these publications by region.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A retrospective database review.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Scopus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A bibliometric analysis of 163 collaborative publications (2018-2024) across 9 prominent US otolaryngology journals was conducted. Collaborations were categorized by country income level using the World Bank classification. Authorship positions, specialty classifications, and publication metrics were analyzed to assess representation across income groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Publications involving LICs and LMICs were limited. LICs contributed 0.82% of authors, with no representation in significant positions, while LMICs contributed 2.07%, with 0.94% in significant positions. HICs dominated authorship, accounting for 92.54% of authors and 94.36% of significant positions. Collaborations with LICs and LMICs were mainly concentrated in specific regions, with Uganda and Egypt, respectively, being the top contributors from these categories. The majority of publications from LICs and LMICs appeared in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and JAMA Otolaryngology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to examine US-LIC/LMIC collaborations in otolaryngology, revealing limited inclusion of authors from these regions in key roles. Strengthening equitable partnerships is crucial to advancing global health equity in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Outcomes in Mandibular Distraction Based on Timing of Feeding Initiation.","authors":"Jacob Boyd, Nicole Wershoven, Alex Kaizer, Caitlin Blades, Greg Allen, Christopher Discolo, Christian Francom","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to compare the feeding outcomes between patients who underwent mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) surgery; one subset received feeding throughout the distraction period, whereas the other subset was not fed until after distraction completion. The objective is to assess whether initiating feeding during the distraction phase can lead to enhanced postoperative care for patients with airway obstruction secondary to micrognathia or Pierre Robin sequence (PRS).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective chart review (2000-2024).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Single academic institution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected in the REDCap database. Demographics and clinical outcomes were reported with frequency (percent) and mean (standard deviation) for categorical and continuous measures, respectively. Linear regression models were fit to compare groups for continuous outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-three patients who underwent MDO for micrognathia at the Children's Hospital of Colorado from 2000 to 2024. For patients who started feeding during distraction, they reached full feeds on average 1.4 days after distraction was complete as compared to 12.8 days for those patients who initiated feeding after distraction was complete (P = .027). In total, 42% of patients who started feeding after distraction was completed achieved full feeds, compared to 72% who started during (P = .01). Patients who were fed after distraction, whether or not they achieved full oral feeds before discharge, had on average a 15-day longer hospital stay than those patients who were fed during distraction (P < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that initiating feeding while undergoing distraction could result in quicker achievement of full feeds and earlier discharge from the hospital.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Sinusitis Secondary to an Unusual Zoonotic Organism.","authors":"Jacob Waitzman, Ariel Waitzman","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1267","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A National Study of Emotional Intelligence Among Otolaryngology Residents and Fellows Using the TEIQue-Short Form.","authors":"Juliana Bonilla-Velez, Caleb M Allred, Peter M Vila, Zainab Farzal, Jake J Lee, Kristy Truong, Xing Wang, Carla V Valenzuela","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Little is known about emotional intelligence (EI) among otolaryngology trainees and its assessment during training. We aim to assess EI levels and identify demographic and training-related factors associated with higher EI.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Survey of otolaryngology trainees.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Residents and fellows completed a national single-response survey from the Governing Council of the Section for Residents and Fellows-in-Training (November 7 to December 31, 2018). The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form provided a global EI score and subscores for well-being, self-control, emotionality, and sociability. Associations between sociodemographic and training factors with higher scores were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The global EI score was high (5.2 ± 0.6). Fellows had higher global EI scores than residents (5.5 vs 5.23; P = .028). Fellows (6.33 vs 5.83; P = .024), trainees older than 35 years (6.17 vs 5.83; P = .021), and those in humanitarian efforts (P = .012) had higher well-being scores. Trainees older than 35 years had higher self-control scores (5.67 vs 5.17; P = .009). Fellows (5.88 vs 5.50; P = .002) and female trainees (5.62 vs 5.38; P = .001) had higher emotionality scores. Trainees with ≥4 publications had higher sociability scores (5.0 vs 4.83; P = .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Global EI scores were high in this national sample of otolaryngology trainees. Seniority, age, female gender, research experience, and humanitarian involvement were associated with higher scores in specific dimensions. Future studies should evaluate how training experiences or structured educational programs can enhance the development of EI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Sternothyroid Muscle Division on Patient-Reported Swallowing Outcomes Following Thyroid Surgery: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Joshua Barlow, Benjamin M Laitman, Juan Nogues, Susmita Chennareddy, Christine Barron, Raymond L Chai","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Division of the sternothyroid muscle during thyroidectomy is a widely accepted surgical technique to provide improved exposure of the thyroid gland, superior pole vessels, and the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN). Our group had previously shown no decrement in postoperative voice outcomes with this technique. However, given the known role of the strap muscles in swallowing function, this study aims to assess the impact of sternothyroid muscle division on patient-reported dysphagia.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective, consecutive cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Single institution urban tertiary health care system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy with a single surgeon between November 2022 and July 2023 were enrolled. Patients with clinical evidence of significant preoperative dysphagia were excluded. Complete sternothyroid muscle division was performed in all cases. The integrity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and EBSLN (when visualized) was confirmed through intraoperative nerve monitoring and postoperative flexible laryngoscopy. Differences between preoperative and postoperative patient-reported swallowing outcomes were assessed using the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 114 patients were included in the study. No statistically significant difference was found between mean preoperative and postoperative EAT-10 scores (0.63 vs 0.75, P = .677). These results remained consistent regardless of sex, history of reflux, unilateral or bilateral sternothyroid muscle division, performance of substernal resection of goiter, or final histologic diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Division of the sternothyroid muscle during thyroidectomy can be useful in the exposure of the thyroid gland without impact on patient-perceived swallowing disturbance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Bacteria Abundance Is Associated With Outcomes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Delaney H Sheehan, Kesava Asam, Nicolaus D Knight, Juhi J Patel, James A Stewart, Patrick A Molina, Nengjun Yi, Chi T Viet, Brad Aouizerat, Natalie Silver, Bharat Panuganti, Carissa M Thomas","doi":"10.1002/ohn.1262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ohn.1262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if microbiome differences exist in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) based on high-risk pathologic features, smoking, and outcomes using The Cancer Microbiome Atlas (TCMA).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Database study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Database review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TCMA is a publicly available database containing curated, decontaminated microbial profiles for tumors from 1772 patients. The data were limited to microbiome profiles, survival, and clinicopathologic features for HNSCC patients. Phyloseq objects were created, low-read samples were removed, and differential abundance analysis (DAA) using Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction 2 (ANCOM-BC2) was performed. Statistical analysis was done in R (v4.3.1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred fifty-six patients with HNSCC were included from TCMA with a mean age of 59 (std 13, min 19, and max 90), 72% male (n = 113), and 91% white (n = 140). Primary sites encompassed oral cavity (n = 106, 68%), oropharynx (n = 26, 17%), and larynx/hypopharynx (n = 24, 15%). For all HNSCC in TCMA, rates of lymphovascular invasion were 17% (n = 26), perineural invasion, 34% (n = 53), and microscopic or gross extranodal extension (ENE), 19% (n = 30). DAA revealed significant changes in bacterial genera based on high-risk pathologic features, smoking status, vital status, and disease-specific survival (DSS). Genera observed with ANCOM-BC2 include Scardovia, Alloscardovia, Lactobacillus, and Corynebacterium genera for vital status and DSS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Changes in the relative abundance of select intratumoral bacterial genera are associated with adverse pathologic features, DSS, and vital status in HNSCC. Shifts in the microbiome need further investigation to determine if they can provide any mechanistic insight or predictive role.</p>","PeriodicalId":19707,"journal":{"name":"Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}