Nutrition Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effects of canola oil on body weight and composition in adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 32 randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Abbas Mohtashamian, Masoumeh Mahabady, Fatemeh Bagheri, Hanieh Barghchi, Azadeh Aminianfar","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01117-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01117-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to provide an overview and update the current documents regarding the effect of canola oil (CO) compared to other dietary oils on body weight and composition in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ISI Web of Science were searched until Sepetember 2024 for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of CO on anthropometric measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis thirty-two studies were included. CO consumption significantly increased WHR (MD: 0.003 cm, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.005, P value: 0.003) and significantly decreased BMI (mean difference (MD): -0.127 kg/m², 95% C: -0.231, -0.024, P value: 0.016) However, it did not significantly affect other anthropometric measures (P > 0.05). Based on subgroup analysis, CO supplementation significantly reduced BW in studies on T2DM patients, with parallel design, on patients over 50 years old and with a dose of more than 30 g/d. It also significantly increased WC in trials with parallel design and on hyperlipidemia patients. In addition, CO supplementation significantly increased WHR in the majority of subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to other oil supplementation, CO could decrease BW, BMI and increase WHR, and WC in general or subgroup analysis. Further studies are needed to provide additional insight into how canola oil affects BW and composition in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary riboflavin (vitamin B2) intake and osteoporosis in U.S. female adults: unveiling of association and exploration of potential molecular mechanisms.","authors":"QianKun Yang, Li Zhang, Dong Sun, Shen Jie, XiaoLiang Tao, Qing Meng, Fei Luo","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01103-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01103-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Osteoporosis characterized by deteriorating bone loss is becoming one of the serious health problems globally. Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, exhibiting multiple prominent physiological traits such as antioxidant effects, reducing lipid peroxidation and regulating glutathione redox cycle, allows it to be a potential agent to improve bone loss. However, the relationship between dietary vitamin B2 intake and osteoporosis remains unelucidated. The objective of this study was to explore the association between the dietary intake of vitamin B2 and bone loss in the U.S. female adults using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Female participants with complete information on dietary vitamin B2 intake, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and other essential covariates from NHANES database were included in the current study. Multivariable logistic regression and linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationships of dietary vitamin B2 intake with osteoporosis and bone mineral density (BMD) levels, respectively. Subgroup analyses, interaction tests, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analyses were further used to verify the stability, robustness and potential nonlinearity of the association. Mediation analysis was performed to probe the role of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the aforementioned relationship, and the network pharmacology analysis was also conducted to determine the potential pathways and key targets for vitamin B2 regulating bone health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 4, 241 female participants from four NHANES cycles were included in this study. After multivariate adjustment, the intake of vitamin B2 was beneficially associated with reduced risk for femur osteoporosis (OR&lt;sub&gt;Q4 vs. Q1&lt;/sub&gt;=0.613; 95%CI: 0.454-0.829). A higher intake of vitamin B2 (quartile 4) was significantly correlated with decreased risk of reduced femoral BMD levels, with the β being 0.020 (95%CI: 0.007-0.033), 0.015 (95%CI: 0.002-0.027), 0.020 (95%CI: 0.009-0.031) and 0.022 (95%CI: 0.006-0.037) for the BMD of total femur, femoral neck, trochanter, and intertrochanter, respectively (all P value &lt; 0.05). Covariate total MET was found to modify the association between vitamin B2 intake and osteoporosis (P interaction = 0.0364), with the aforementioned relationship being more pronounced in the subgroup of insufficiently active individuals. Furthermore, RCS analysis revealed that vitamin B2 intake was positively and linearly associated with reduced risk for femoral OP and increased BMD levels of total femur, trochanter and intertrochanter, while positively and nonlinearly correlated with increased BMD level of femoral neck. Additionally, the association between vitamin B2 intake, osteoporosis and BMD levels was mediated by ALP, with a mediation proportion of 12.43%, 7.58%, 12.17%, 7.64%, and 6.99% for OP, total femur, femoral","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TASTY trial: protocol for a study on the triad of nutrition, intestinal microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Sofia Charneca, Ana Hernando, Inês Almada-Correia, Joaquim Polido-Pereira, Adriana Vieira, Joana Sousa, Ana Santos Almeida, Carla Motta, Gonçalo Barreto, Kari K Eklund, Ana Alonso-Pérez, Rodolfo Gómez, Francesco Cicci, Daniele Mauro, Salomé S Pinho, João Eurico Fonseca, Patrícia Costa-Reis, Catarina Sousa Guerreiro","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01089-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01089-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiota has been implicated in the onset and progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). It has been proposed that gut dysbiosis impairs gut barrier function, leading to alterations in mucosal integrity and immunity. This disruption allows bacterial translocation, contributing to the perpetuation of the inflammatory process. Since diet is recognised as a key environmental factor influencing the gut microbiota, nutritional interventions targeting RA activity are currently being explored. This study aims to investigate whether a dietary intervention based on a typical Mediterranean Diet enriched with fermented foods (MedDiet +) can impact the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and RA-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred RA patients are being recruited at Unidade Local de Saúde (ULS) Santa Maria in Lisbon, Portugal, and randomly assigned to either the intervention (MedDiet +) or the control group. The 12-week nutritional intervention includes a personalised dietary plan following the MedDiet + pattern, along with educational resources, food basket deliveries, and clinical culinary workshops, all developed and monitored weekly by registered dietitians. The control group receives standardised general healthy diet recommendations at baseline. The intervention's effects will be assessed by evaluating disease activity, functional status, quality of life, intestinal permeability, endotoxemia, inflammatory biomarkers, intestinal and oral microbiota, serum proteomics, and serum glycome profile characterisation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We anticipate obtaining integrative insights into the interplay between diet, the gut, and RA, while also exploring the underlying mechanisms driving these changes. This study, conducted by a multidisciplinary research team of registered dietitians, rheumatologists, biologists, and immunologists, aims to bridge the current gap between nutrition-related knowledge and RA.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06758817; date of registry: January 6th 2025).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of an intensive dietitian-led telehealth intervention focusing on nutritional adequacy, symptom control and optional supplemental jejunal feeding, on quality of life in patients with pancreatic cancer: a randomised controlled trial protocol.","authors":"Emma McShane, Kate Furness, Lauren Hanna, Kate Connell, Terrence Haines, Catherine E Huggins, John Zalcberg, Sharon Carey, Charles H C Pilgrim, Joanne Lundy, Andrew Metz, David Kissane, Michael Franco, John Coutsouvelis, Diederick W De Boo, J Simon Bell, Mahesh Iddawela, Theresa Dodson, Ignatius Pereira, Nina Imad, Jill Kirkpatrick, Cherie Dear, Daniel Croagh","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01113-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01113-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in Australia, with a persistently poor 5-year survival rate of around 13%. Symptoms arising from the disease and chemotherapy such as epigastric pain, anorexia, bloating and fat-malabsorptive diarrhoea cause poor oral intake and weight loss, and reduce an individual's quality of life and ability to tolerate anti-cancer treatment. The primary aim of this study is to determine if an early, intensive telehealth nutrition intervention can improve quality of life compared to usual care for people undergoing treatment for pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre randomised controlled trial will recruit adults newly diagnosed with borderline resectable, locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer from multiple health services across Victoria (metropolitan and regional). The control group will receive usual nutrition care, which is site-dependent. The intervention group will receive weekly telehealth dietetic consultations for six months, targeting nutritional adequacy through dietary education and counselling, oral nutrition supplement drinks and dietetics-led symptom management advocacy, including appropriate dosing of pancreatic enzymes. Escalation to supplemental jejunal tube feeding may occur if clinically required in the intervention arm. The primary outcome is quality of life (EORTC-QLQ C30 summary score); secondary outcomes include survival, chemotherapy dosing changes, and nutrition status markers including body composition. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, and three- and six-months.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings of this study will provide evidence of the impact that intensive nutrition therapy, including counselling, provision of oral nutrition supplement drinks and the option for jejunal feeding, has on quality of life and health outcomes in pancreatic cancer. The consistent dietetic approach with the use of telehealth consultations to reduce malnutrition and aid symptom management challenges the current model of care.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>31st January 2024, Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (Trial ID/No. ACTRN12624000084583).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic modifications of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are associated with the disturbance of serum iron biomarkers among the metabolically unhealthy obesity school-age children.","authors":"Lulu Xia, Xin Luo, Yueqing Liang, Xueyi Jiang, Wenli Yang, Jie Yan, Kemin Qi, Ping Li","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01108-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01108-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum iron biomarkers are disordered on the progression of obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, limited evidence is explored the interactions between serum iron biomarkers and the incidence of MetS. Thus, the purpose of this study is to discuss whether epigenetic modifications of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with the disturbance of serum iron biomarkers among the metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) school-age children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A representative cross-sectional study was performed using the data from 104 obesity school-age children, while the subjects without obesity were as controls (n = 65). Then, the 104 obesity subjects were defined as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO, n = 60) and MUO (n = 44) subgroups according to whether they were accompanied with MetS. Their serum metabolic indicators, transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), transferrin (TF) and genome-wide methylation were determined by the Elisa method. Moreover, the methylation levels of TFR1 and TF were measured by the Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP-PCR). Furthermore, the copy number (mtDNA-CN) and methylation of mtDNA were detected by the RT-PCR, while the semi-long RT-PCR was then used to estimate the lesions of mtDNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control and MHO groups, the levels of MetS related indicators, anthropological characteristics and 8-OHdG were higher, and the concentrations of CAT, GSH-Px, TF, TFR1 and genome-wide methylation were lower in the MUO group in a BMI-independent manner (P < 0.05). Then, the contents of serum iron were lower in both the MHO and MUO groups than those in the control group (P < 0.017). Moreover, they were positively related with the contents of serum CAT and GSH-Px, and negatively with 8-OHdG, TF and TFR1 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the methylation patterns on the TF, TFR1 and mtDNA were higher in the MUO group than those in the MHO and control groups (P < 0.017), which were negatively correlated with their serum contents (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the ratio of methylated/unmethylated mtDNA was significantly associated with their mtDNA-CN and lesions (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggested that the impairments on the epigenetic modifications of nuclear (genome-wide DNA, TF and TFR1) and mtDNA were associated with the disturbance of serum iron biomarkers to involve in the pathophysiology of MetS among the school-age MUO children.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Children's Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University (No. IEC-C-006-A04-V.06), which was also registered at the website of http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=4673 (No: ChiCTR-OCH-14004900).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiomics approach reveals the comprehensive interactions between nutrition and children's gut microbiota, and microbial and host metabolomes.","authors":"Mingyu Zhu, Qi Wang, Yan Yang, Xiaobing Liu, Jiawen Zhang, Guanghao Li, Wenqing Liu, Xuesong Xiang, Juanjuan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01116-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01116-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiome can modulate nutrient metabolism to produce many metabolites interacting with the host. However, the intricate interactions among dietary intake, the gut microbiome and metabolites, and host metabolites need to be further explored although some studies have been devoted to it. Here, in a cross-sectional studies, 88 children aged 2-12 years were enrolled from northwestern China. The dietary intake data were collected via a designed food frequency questionnaire to calculate plant-based diet indices (PDIs). Stool and plasma samples were collected for metagenomic and broad-targeted metabolomic analysis. Spearman's rank correlation was used to describe the associations between nutrients/PDIs and the gut microbiota and metabolites. PDI was significantly positively associated with Bilophila wadsworthia, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Alistipes indistinctus, etc., but was obviously negatively correlated with Roseburia intestinalis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, etc. However, these species showed no significant associations with either healthy PDI (hPDI) or unhealthy PDI (uPDI). Interestingly, hPDI was significantly positively related to species, including Ruminococcus bicirculans, and was significantly negatively associated with uPDI, and vice versa. The above correlation trends were also observed between PDIs and predicted gut microbial functional pathways, microbial metabolites and the host metabolome. Notably, the significantly related pathways were focused mainly on substances and energy metabolism. PDI was significantly positively associated with the fecal contents of P-aminobenzoate, chenodeoxycholic acid, 4,6-dihydroxyquinoline, quinoline-4,8-diol, etc., but was significantly negatively associated with those of TMAO, FFA, creatine phosphate, etc. In plasma, PDI was significantly positively associated with sarcosine, ornithine, L-histidine, etc., but was distinctly negatively correlated with FFAs, carnitine C2:0, etc. Strikingly, the healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) is correlated with increased levels of metabolites related to tryptophan metabolism, whereas the unhealthy PDI (uPDI) is linked to increased levels of metabolites associated with tyrosine and sphingolipid metabolism, which are pathways commonly associated with Western diets. Our studies provide reliable data support and a comprehensive understanding of the effects of dietary intake on the gut microbiome and microbial and host metabolites and lay a foundation for further studies of the diet-gut microbiota-microbial metabolites and host metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of vitamin D and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in treatment escalation risk for newly diagnosed Crohn's disease adults.","authors":"Kan Wang, Shichen Zhu, Lingya Yao, Qian Cao, Bule Shao","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01115-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01115-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accumulating research has implicated that vitamin D (VD) may be important in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), while the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is emerging as a biomarker in immune disorders. However, the synergistic effect of VD and PLR on treatment escalation in newly diagnosed CD patients remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to assess the interaction between PLR and VD on the subsequent use of infliximab and/or immunosuppressants in patients with CD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed CD patients were selected from the Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Biobank (SRRSH-IBC). COX proportional hazards models were employed to assess the association between VD, PLR, and treatment escalation among CD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 108 newly diagnosed CD adult patients, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was prevalent (78.7%). Compared to CD patients without VDD, those with VDD exhibited a higher risk of treatment escalation, i.e., using infliximab and/or immunosuppressants (HR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.24-8.35, P = 0.016). There is a clear trend of decreasing risk of treatment escalation as VD levels elevating (HR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.09-0.76, P for trend = 0.014). The stratified analysis revealed a noteworthy interaction between PLR and VD levels concerning treatment escalation. Baseline VDD amplified the risk of treatment escalation among patients with elevated PLR (HR = 4.17, 95% CI = 1.51-11.53, P_interaction = 0.031). Similar trends were observed when VD levels were stratified into quartiles (highest quartile vs. lowest quartile: HR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.05-0.62, P for trend = 0.014).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores a significant interplay between VD levels and PLR in influencing treatment outcomes in CD. VDD exacerbates the risk of treatment escalation primarily in individuals with heightened PLR levels, highlighting the combined impact of vitamin D status and inflammation on disease progression of CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma nitrate, dietary nitrate, blood pressure, and vascular health biomarkers: a GRADE-Assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Mostafa Norouzzadeh, Minoo Hasan Rashedi, Shadi Ghaemi, Niloufar Saber, Artemiss Mirdar Harijani, Hamzeh Habibi, Soroush Mostafavi, Fatemeh Sarv, Hossein Farhadnejad, Farshad Teymoori, Mohsen Khaleghian, Parvin Mirmiran","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01114-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01114-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension and vascular dysfunction are major health concerns, and studies have suggested different interventions, including dietary nitrate (NO3), to improve it. We sought to elucidate the effects of dietary NO3 on plasma NO3 and nitrite (NO2) levels and to determine the shape of the effect of dietary NO3 on blood pressure (BP) and vascular health biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to February 2024 for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The pooled results were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis of 75 RCTs involving 1823 participants revealed that per each millimole (mmol) increase in the administered NO3 dose, both acute (WMD: 32.7µmol/L; 95%CI: 26.1, 39.4) and chronic-term (WMD: 19.6µmol/L; 95%CI: 9.95, 29.3) plasma NO3 levels increased. Per each mmol increase in NO3 intake, a reduction in systolic BP levels was observed in the acute (WMD: -0.28mmHg; 95%CI: -0.40, -0.17), short-term (WMD: -0.24mmHg; 95%CI: -0.40, -0.07), and medium-term (WMD: -0.48mmHg; 95%CI: -0.71, -0.25) periods. Furthermore, a decrease in diastolic BP for each mmol increase in NO3 intake (WMD: -0.12 mmHg; 95% CI: -0.21, -0.03) was shown. Moreover, a linear dose-response relationship was indicated between each mmol of NO3 intake and medium-term pulse wave velocity (WMD: -0.07 m/s; 95%CI: -0.11, -0.03), medium-term flow-mediated dilation (WMD: 0.30%; 95%CI: 0.15, 0.46), and medium-term augmentation index (WMD: -0.57%; 95%CI: -0.98, -0.15).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed dose-dependent increases in plasma NO3 and NO2 levels, along with consequent reductions in BP and enhancements in vascular health following dietary NO3 supplementation. Future high-quality, population-specific studies with optimized dietary NO3 dosages are needed to strengthen the certainty of the evidence.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The protocol for this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO under the registration number CRD42024535335.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of breakfast cereal consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a large-scale prospective analysis.","authors":"Zhengjun Lin, Min Zeng, Zijian Sui, Yanlin Wu, Hong Zhang, Tang Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01109-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01109-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have explored the relationship between breakfast cereal consumption and mortality risk, but these studies reported inconsistent findings and did not distinguish between consumers of different breakfast cereal types. This prospective cohort study aims to elucidate the dose-response relationship between specific breakfast cereal types and mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 186,168 participants aged 40 to 69 years from UK Biobank that completed at least one online 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire and reported information on breakfast cereal consumption were included. Self-reported types and amounts of dietary breakfast cereal intake, and mortality from CVD (cardiovascular disease), cancer, and all causes were estimated. Cox regression analyses were employed to illustrate the correlation between the daily intake of different breakfast cereal types and mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 13.4 years, 9402 deaths were recorded (including 5073 cancer deaths and 1687 CVD deaths). The intake of muesli was significantly correlated with reduced all-cause mortality, with the HRs (hazard ratios) (95% CIs) being 0.89 (0.83-0.95) (> 0-0.5 bowls/d) and 0.85 (0.79-0.92) (> 0.5-1 bowls/d), respectively. Bran cereal consumption also exhibited inverse correlations with all-cause mortality, showing an HR of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81-0.95) (> 0-0.5 bowls/d) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80-0.98) (> 0.5-1 bowls/d). Moderate intake of porridge (> 0.5-1 bowls/day) was correlated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, with an HR (95% CI) of 0.89 (0.84-0.96). Furthermore, moderate consumption of muesli and bran cereal correlated with reduced mortality risks related to CVD and cancer, while plain cereal intake was correlated with increased CVD-specific mortality risk, and sweetened cereal consumption was correlated with elevated cancer-specific mortality risk. Additionally, participants who reported adding dried fruit to their breakfast cereals exhibited significantly lower risks of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality, and those who added milk to their breakfast cereals had a reduced risk of all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings support the moderate intake of several breakfast cereal types, including porridge, bran cereal, and muesli, as part of a healthy diet, while oat crunch and sweetened cereal consumption should be reduced to lower premature mortality risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating roles of anthropo-metabolic biomarkers on the association between beverage consumption and breast cancer risk.","authors":"Xiaoyi Lin, Boheng Liang, Tai Hing Lam, Kar Keung Cheng, Weisen Zhang, Lin Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01110-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01110-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women, yet the role of beverage consumption in BC risk remains unclear. Additionally, the contribution of anthropo-metabolic biomarkers as mediators is unknown, limiting the development of effective prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 13,567 participants from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS), where beverage consumption was assessed at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. BC cases were identified through cancer registry linkage over a mean follow-up of 14.8 years. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to evaluate the causal effects of beverage consumption on BC risk, with a two-step MR approach used to estimate mediation effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 243 BC cases were identified. Weekly consumption of ≥ 1 portion of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), versus < 1 portion, was significantly associated with a higher risk of BC (hazard ratio [HR] 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-2.23). This association was partly mediated by body mass index (proportion mediated [PM] 4.2%, 95% CI 0.9-17.1%) and uric acid (PM 18.8%, 95% CI 1.5-77.5%). Weekly consumption of > 6 portions of dairy-based milk was associated with a non-significantly higher BC risk (HR 1.41, 95% CI 0.99-2.03), while 3-6 portions of soy milk were associated with a lower BC risk (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.98). No significant associations were found for pure fruit juice, coffee, tea, or alcoholic drinks. MR analyses supported the detrimental effect of SSB on BC risk, with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids (TFAs) ratio, and omega-6 fatty acids to TFAs ratio mediating 2.44%, 2.73%, and 3.53% of the association, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggested that SSB consumption was a risk factor for BC and identified key anthropo-metabolic biomarkers mediating this relationship. Reducing SSB consumption and addressing associated metabolic pathways may offer effective strategies for BC prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}