Nutrition Journal最新文献

{"title":"Multiomics approach reveals the comprehensive interactions between nutrition and children's gut microbiota, and microbial and host metabolomes.","authors":"Mingyu Zhu, Qi Wang, Yan Yang, Xiaobing Liu, Jiawen Zhang, Guanghao Li, Wenqing Liu, Xuesong Xiang, Juanjuan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01116-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01116-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiome can modulate nutrient metabolism to produce many metabolites interacting with the host. However, the intricate interactions among dietary intake, the gut microbiome and metabolites, and host metabolites need to be further explored although some studies have been devoted to it. Here, in a cross-sectional studies, 88 children aged 2-12 years were enrolled from northwestern China. The dietary intake data were collected via a designed food frequency questionnaire to calculate plant-based diet indices (PDIs). Stool and plasma samples were collected for metagenomic and broad-targeted metabolomic analysis. Spearman's rank correlation was used to describe the associations between nutrients/PDIs and the gut microbiota and metabolites. PDI was significantly positively associated with Bilophila wadsworthia, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Alistipes indistinctus, etc., but was obviously negatively correlated with Roseburia intestinalis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, etc. However, these species showed no significant associations with either healthy PDI (hPDI) or unhealthy PDI (uPDI). Interestingly, hPDI was significantly positively related to species, including Ruminococcus bicirculans, and was significantly negatively associated with uPDI, and vice versa. The above correlation trends were also observed between PDIs and predicted gut microbial functional pathways, microbial metabolites and the host metabolome. Notably, the significantly related pathways were focused mainly on substances and energy metabolism. PDI was significantly positively associated with the fecal contents of P-aminobenzoate, chenodeoxycholic acid, 4,6-dihydroxyquinoline, quinoline-4,8-diol, etc., but was significantly negatively associated with those of TMAO, FFA, creatine phosphate, etc. In plasma, PDI was significantly positively associated with sarcosine, ornithine, L-histidine, etc., but was distinctly negatively correlated with FFAs, carnitine C2:0, etc. Strikingly, the healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) is correlated with increased levels of metabolites related to tryptophan metabolism, whereas the unhealthy PDI (uPDI) is linked to increased levels of metabolites associated with tyrosine and sphingolipid metabolism, which are pathways commonly associated with Western diets. Our studies provide reliable data support and a comprehensive understanding of the effects of dietary intake on the gut microbiome and microbial and host metabolites and lay a foundation for further studies of the diet-gut microbiota-microbial metabolites and host metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of vitamin D and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in treatment escalation risk for newly diagnosed Crohn's disease adults.","authors":"Kan Wang, Shichen Zhu, Lingya Yao, Qian Cao, Bule Shao","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01115-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01115-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accumulating research has implicated that vitamin D (VD) may be important in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), while the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is emerging as a biomarker in immune disorders. However, the synergistic effect of VD and PLR on treatment escalation in newly diagnosed CD patients remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to assess the interaction between PLR and VD on the subsequent use of infliximab and/or immunosuppressants in patients with CD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed CD patients were selected from the Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Biobank (SRRSH-IBC). COX proportional hazards models were employed to assess the association between VD, PLR, and treatment escalation among CD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 108 newly diagnosed CD adult patients, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was prevalent (78.7%). Compared to CD patients without VDD, those with VDD exhibited a higher risk of treatment escalation, i.e., using infliximab and/or immunosuppressants (HR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.24-8.35, P = 0.016). There is a clear trend of decreasing risk of treatment escalation as VD levels elevating (HR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.09-0.76, P for trend = 0.014). The stratified analysis revealed a noteworthy interaction between PLR and VD levels concerning treatment escalation. Baseline VDD amplified the risk of treatment escalation among patients with elevated PLR (HR = 4.17, 95% CI = 1.51-11.53, P_interaction = 0.031). Similar trends were observed when VD levels were stratified into quartiles (highest quartile vs. lowest quartile: HR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.05-0.62, P for trend = 0.014).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores a significant interplay between VD levels and PLR in influencing treatment outcomes in CD. VDD exacerbates the risk of treatment escalation primarily in individuals with heightened PLR levels, highlighting the combined impact of vitamin D status and inflammation on disease progression of CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma nitrate, dietary nitrate, blood pressure, and vascular health biomarkers: a GRADE-Assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Mostafa Norouzzadeh, Minoo Hasan Rashedi, Shadi Ghaemi, Niloufar Saber, Artemiss Mirdar Harijani, Hamzeh Habibi, Soroush Mostafavi, Fatemeh Sarv, Hossein Farhadnejad, Farshad Teymoori, Mohsen Khaleghian, Parvin Mirmiran","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01114-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01114-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension and vascular dysfunction are major health concerns, and studies have suggested different interventions, including dietary nitrate (NO3), to improve it. We sought to elucidate the effects of dietary NO3 on plasma NO3 and nitrite (NO2) levels and to determine the shape of the effect of dietary NO3 on blood pressure (BP) and vascular health biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to February 2024 for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The pooled results were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis of 75 RCTs involving 1823 participants revealed that per each millimole (mmol) increase in the administered NO3 dose, both acute (WMD: 32.7µmol/L; 95%CI: 26.1, 39.4) and chronic-term (WMD: 19.6µmol/L; 95%CI: 9.95, 29.3) plasma NO3 levels increased. Per each mmol increase in NO3 intake, a reduction in systolic BP levels was observed in the acute (WMD: -0.28mmHg; 95%CI: -0.40, -0.17), short-term (WMD: -0.24mmHg; 95%CI: -0.40, -0.07), and medium-term (WMD: -0.48mmHg; 95%CI: -0.71, -0.25) periods. Furthermore, a decrease in diastolic BP for each mmol increase in NO3 intake (WMD: -0.12 mmHg; 95% CI: -0.21, -0.03) was shown. Moreover, a linear dose-response relationship was indicated between each mmol of NO3 intake and medium-term pulse wave velocity (WMD: -0.07 m/s; 95%CI: -0.11, -0.03), medium-term flow-mediated dilation (WMD: 0.30%; 95%CI: 0.15, 0.46), and medium-term augmentation index (WMD: -0.57%; 95%CI: -0.98, -0.15).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed dose-dependent increases in plasma NO3 and NO2 levels, along with consequent reductions in BP and enhancements in vascular health following dietary NO3 supplementation. Future high-quality, population-specific studies with optimized dietary NO3 dosages are needed to strengthen the certainty of the evidence.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The protocol for this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO under the registration number CRD42024535335.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of breakfast cereal consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a large-scale prospective analysis.","authors":"Zhengjun Lin, Min Zeng, Zijian Sui, Yanlin Wu, Hong Zhang, Tang Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01109-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01109-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have explored the relationship between breakfast cereal consumption and mortality risk, but these studies reported inconsistent findings and did not distinguish between consumers of different breakfast cereal types. This prospective cohort study aims to elucidate the dose-response relationship between specific breakfast cereal types and mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 186,168 participants aged 40 to 69 years from UK Biobank that completed at least one online 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire and reported information on breakfast cereal consumption were included. Self-reported types and amounts of dietary breakfast cereal intake, and mortality from CVD (cardiovascular disease), cancer, and all causes were estimated. Cox regression analyses were employed to illustrate the correlation between the daily intake of different breakfast cereal types and mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 13.4 years, 9402 deaths were recorded (including 5073 cancer deaths and 1687 CVD deaths). The intake of muesli was significantly correlated with reduced all-cause mortality, with the HRs (hazard ratios) (95% CIs) being 0.89 (0.83-0.95) (> 0-0.5 bowls/d) and 0.85 (0.79-0.92) (> 0.5-1 bowls/d), respectively. Bran cereal consumption also exhibited inverse correlations with all-cause mortality, showing an HR of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81-0.95) (> 0-0.5 bowls/d) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80-0.98) (> 0.5-1 bowls/d). Moderate intake of porridge (> 0.5-1 bowls/day) was correlated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality, with an HR (95% CI) of 0.89 (0.84-0.96). Furthermore, moderate consumption of muesli and bran cereal correlated with reduced mortality risks related to CVD and cancer, while plain cereal intake was correlated with increased CVD-specific mortality risk, and sweetened cereal consumption was correlated with elevated cancer-specific mortality risk. Additionally, participants who reported adding dried fruit to their breakfast cereals exhibited significantly lower risks of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality, and those who added milk to their breakfast cereals had a reduced risk of all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings support the moderate intake of several breakfast cereal types, including porridge, bran cereal, and muesli, as part of a healthy diet, while oat crunch and sweetened cereal consumption should be reduced to lower premature mortality risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating roles of anthropo-metabolic biomarkers on the association between beverage consumption and breast cancer risk.","authors":"Xiaoyi Lin, Boheng Liang, Tai Hing Lam, Kar Keung Cheng, Weisen Zhang, Lin Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01110-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01110-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women, yet the role of beverage consumption in BC risk remains unclear. Additionally, the contribution of anthropo-metabolic biomarkers as mediators is unknown, limiting the development of effective prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 13,567 participants from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS), where beverage consumption was assessed at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. BC cases were identified through cancer registry linkage over a mean follow-up of 14.8 years. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to evaluate the causal effects of beverage consumption on BC risk, with a two-step MR approach used to estimate mediation effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 243 BC cases were identified. Weekly consumption of ≥ 1 portion of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), versus < 1 portion, was significantly associated with a higher risk of BC (hazard ratio [HR] 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-2.23). This association was partly mediated by body mass index (proportion mediated [PM] 4.2%, 95% CI 0.9-17.1%) and uric acid (PM 18.8%, 95% CI 1.5-77.5%). Weekly consumption of > 6 portions of dairy-based milk was associated with a non-significantly higher BC risk (HR 1.41, 95% CI 0.99-2.03), while 3-6 portions of soy milk were associated with a lower BC risk (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.10-0.98). No significant associations were found for pure fruit juice, coffee, tea, or alcoholic drinks. MR analyses supported the detrimental effect of SSB on BC risk, with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids (TFAs) ratio, and omega-6 fatty acids to TFAs ratio mediating 2.44%, 2.73%, and 3.53% of the association, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggested that SSB consumption was a risk factor for BC and identified key anthropo-metabolic biomarkers mediating this relationship. Reducing SSB consumption and addressing associated metabolic pathways may offer effective strategies for BC prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the use of nonfood prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics with total and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Luyan Zheng, Jiaqi Zhang, Jing Yang, Yanbo Wang, Yina Zhang, Kailu Fang, Jie Wu, Min Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01104-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01104-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of nonfood prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics has approximately tripled in the last 20 years. It is necessary to examine the associations of these substances with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large prospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 53,333 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018. All participants answered questions on the use of dietary supplements and medications, including prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics. Death outcomes were determined by linkage to National Death Index records through 31 December 2019. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mortality from all causes, heart diseases, cancer, and other causes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up of 10.6 years, 9117 deaths were documented, including 2364 heart disease deaths, 1964 cancer deaths, and 4700 other causes deaths. Compared to nonusers, nonfood prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic users had a 59% (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.56), 56% (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.74), 49% (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.83), and 64% (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.59) for lower risk of all-cause, cancer, heart disease, and other causes mortality, respectively. Moreover, the inverse association of the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics with mortality was stronger in female participants and participants without hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of nonfood prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics is significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality, as well as deaths from heart disease, cancer, and other causes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of high-dose vs. low-dose vitamin D₃ supplementation in children with chronic tic disorders: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed, Miaoshui Bai, Hanyu Dong, Yang Xue, Feiyong Jia, Junyan Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01112-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01112-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D₃ has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for alleviating tic symptoms in children with chronic tic disorders (CTDs). This study aims to evaluate the comparative efficacy of high-dose and low-dose vitamin D₃ supplementation on tic severity and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D levels in children with CTDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 83 children aged 4 to 15 years diagnosed with CTDs. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either high-dose vitamin D₃ (5,000 IU/day) or low-dose vitamin D₃ (1,000 IU/day) for three months. The primary outcome was tic severity, assessed using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), while secondary outcomes included changes in serum 25(OH)D and calcium levels. Tic severity and biochemical markers were measured at baseline and after the intervention to assess the effects of vitamin D₃ supplementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both the high-dose and low-dose groups showed significant improvements in tic severity and increases in serum 25(OH)D levels (𝑝 < 0.05). The high-dose group exhibited a significantly greater reduction in tic severity and a more substantial increase in serum 25(OH)D levels compared to the low-dose group (𝑝 < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in serum calcium levels between the group (𝑝 > 0.05). Furthermore, multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative association between increases in serum 25(OH)D levels and reductions in tic severity (𝑡 = -2.816, 𝑝 < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-dose vitamin D₃ supplementation is more effective than low-dose supplementation in reducing tic severity and increasing serum 25(OH)D levels in children with CTDs. These findings suggest that high-dose vitamin D₃ may serve as a valuable adjunctive therapy for managing CTDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to French dietary guidelines is associated with a reduced risk of mortality in the E3N French prospective cohort.","authors":"Chloé Marques, Pauline Frenoy, Nasser Laouali, Sanam Shah, Gianluca Severi, Francesca Romana Mancini","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01099-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01099-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diet is a modifiable risk factor for non-communicable diseases which are the major causes of death worldwide. French dietary guidelines, updated in 2017, provide recommendations for a healthier diet. We aimed to study the association between adherence to these dietary guidelines and mortality in the E3N (Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de l'Education Nationale) French cohort. A secondary objective was to investigate the role of dietary exposure to chemical contaminants in this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 72 585 women of the E3N prospective cohort, which completed a food frequency questionnaire in 1993. We estimated adherence to French dietary guidelines using the simplified \"Programme National Nutrition Santé-guidelines score 2\" (sPNNS-GS2, range -20.4 to 12.6). We estimated the association between sPNNS-GS2 and all-cause or cause-specific mortality using Cox proportional hazard models. Causes of death were coded and validated by the French Epidemiology Center on Medical Causes of Death (Inserm-CépiDc).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up (1993-2014), we identified 6 441 deaths. The mean sPNNS-GS2 was 3.8 (SD 3.0). In the fully adjusted model, we found a non-linear association between sPNNS-GS2 and all-cause, all-cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer mortality (p-values for the overall association < 0.001), with a diminution of the risk as sPNNS-GS2 increases up to its median or 65^th percentile (depending on the outcome), and then a plateau (for all-cause and breast cancer mortality) or an inversion of the trend (for all-cancer and lung cancer mortality). Furthermore, we identified a linear inverse association with cardiovascular diseases mortality (HR_oneSTD [95%CI]: 0.86 [0.76; 0.97]), and no association with colorectal cancer mortality. We observed similar results when additionally adjusting on dietary exposure to chemical contaminants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study conducted in a large prospective cohort following more than 70 000 women for over 20 years suggested that higher adherence to French dietary guidelines was associated with a reduced risk of mortality from all-cause, cardiovascular diseases, all-cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer, except for high values of adherence for lung cancer mortality. These results contribute to informing on the importance of following the French nutritional recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to diabetes risk reduction diet is associated with metabolic health status in adolescents with overweight or obesity.","authors":"Ani Grigorian, Zahra Moradmand, Saeideh Mirzaei, Ali Asadi, Masoumeh Akhlaghi, Parvane Saneei","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01111-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01111-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insufficient evidence exists regarding the relationship between diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) and metabolic health status in adolescents. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between DRRD and metabolic health status in Iranian adolescents with overweight/obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, a multistage cluster random sampling method was used to select 203 overweight/obese adolescents. Dietary intakes were evaluated using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire. The following parameters were measured: blood pressure, anthropometric indices, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles. Participants were classified to metabolically healthy overweight/obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUO), based on 2 methods: International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and a combination of IDF and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on IDF criteria, highest vs. lowest adherence to DRRD was associated with a lower odds of having an MUO phenotype in both crude (OR = 0.05; 95%CI: 0.02-0.12) and fully adjusted model (OR = 0.06; 95%CI: 0.02-0.20). Based on IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, similar findings were obtained. This relationship was significant in both genders and was especially significant among adolescents with obesity. In both crude and fully adjusted model, adherence to DRRD was significantly lower the likelihood of having high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adolescents who adhered more strictly to DRRD were less likely to be MUO, and have high fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR. Additional large-scale prospective studies are necessary to affirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-calorie diets and remission of type 2 diabetes in Chinese: phenotypic changes and individual variability.","authors":"Zhenxiu Liu, Nannan Feng, Sujing Wang, Yang Liu, Jie Wang, Yue Tan, Ying Dong, Zhewei Sun, Xihao Du, Yaqing Xu, Feng Tao, Victor W Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01101-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01101-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chinese have distinct phenotypes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity compared with people of other ethnicities, but using low-calorie diets to achieve T2D remission has never been conducted in Chinese. This study aimed to assess if T2D remission can be achieved using low-calorie formula diet (LCFD) and low-calorie real food-based diet (LCRFD) in Chinese similarly to other populations and to identify determinants of individual variability in T2D remission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 6-month intervention consisted of a 3-month isocaloric intensive weight loss phase (815-835 kcal/d) and a 3-month weight maintenance phase. Enrolled participants with T2D had BMI of 24-45 kg/m² and HbA1c level of 6.5-12.0% (< 6.5% if on medication). Everyone stopped anti-diabetic drugs on day 1 and was assigned to receive LCFD (n = 21) or LCRFD (n = 20).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 6 months, 29.3% of participants had ≥ 12 kg weight loss, 39.0% lost ≥ 10% weight, and 56.1% achieved T2D remission. MRI-derived liver and pancreatic fat decreased significantly. Significant improvement was also seen in insulin sensitivity, continuous glucose monitoring-derived metrics, and various other cardiometabolic risk factors but not arginine-induced insulin secretory response. There was no difference in all outcomes between LCFD and LCRFD. Compared with responders for T2D remission, nonresponders were more likely to be women, and had more fat mass, longer diabetes duration, poorer glycemic control, and lower beta-cell function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T2D remission rate and weight loss amount following low-calorie diet intervention in Chinese people were comparable to those reported from other populations, although individual variability existed. LCFD and LCRFD were similarly effective.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05472272.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}