Nutrition Journal最新文献

{"title":"Food group intake trends in the Spanish population (2003-2023) in women and men and by age groups, country of origin, and social class: a time-series analysis of nationally representative surveys.","authors":"Sofía Boter, Elena Carrillo-Álvarez, Marta H Hernández, Camille Lassale, Sara Castro-Barquero, Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega, Olga Castañer, Alexios Manidis, Viviana Sandoval, María Dolores Zomeño, Blanca Salinas-Roca, Begoña Caneda-Ferrón, Alícia Orta-Ramírez, Joel Montané, Miriam Rodríguez-Monforte, Raimon Milà, Eulàlia Vidal-García, Pilar Gascón, Conxita Mestres, Imma Palma-Linares, Montserrat Fitó, Álvaro Hernáez","doi":"10.1186/s12937-026-01287-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-026-01287-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: We analyzed the intake evolution of 14 food groups (vegetables, fruits, legumes, bread/flours and breakfast cereals, pasta/rice and potatoes, fish, unprocessed meat, processed meat, dairy products, eggs, sweets, snacks, soft drinks, and fresh juices) in Spanish population between 2003 and 2023, for women and men separately and by age groups, country of origin, and social class. METHODS: Using data from the Spanish National and European Health Surveys (2003–2023), combined with the ENALIA/ENALIA-2 surveys, we converted the consumption frequencies of each group into estimated daily intakes in g/day. We modeled their trends over time using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing regressions. RESULTS: We observed: an increase over time in the consumption of vegetables (∆2003–2023: +25%), legumes (+ 10%), eggs (+ 50%), and snacks (+ 44%); and a decrease over time in the intake of soft drinks (-40%) and fresh juices (-24%), sweets (-16%), bread/flours and breakfast cereals (-13%), pasta/rice and potatoes (-11%), fish (-18%), dairy products (-10%), and processed meat (-9%). No large differences were observed between women and men and by social class. A more beneficial evolution was observed in ages 25–34 (with poorer dietary habits in 2003) and in individuals not born in Spain, and a more detrimental evolution was reported in ages ≥ 55 and 5–14. CONCLUSIONS: The dietary habits of the Spanish population between 2003 and 2023 have improved in some aspects (more vegetables and legumes; fewer soft drinks, juices, sweets, and processed meat) and worsened in others (less fish and dairy products, more snacks), with notable differences by age groups and country of origin but not between women and men and by social class. </p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12958579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146113888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of habitual and meal-specific dietary inflammatory index and its associations with obesity and metabolic risk indicators in women.","authors":"Azadeh Lesani, Elnaz Daneshzad, Mar Calvo-Malvar, Cain C T Clark, Hoda Zahedi, Sofia Vilela, Mansooreh Sadat Mojani-Qomi","doi":"10.1186/s12937-026-01280-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-026-01280-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Inflammatory diets are associated with obesity and cardiometabolic dysfunction, nevertheless, it remains unclear whether overall dietary inflammation or the timing of pro-inflammatory meals yields a greater metabolic impact. This study utilizes the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (EDII) to examine associations of both habitual/meal-specific with metabolic risk among women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 562 Iranian women (aged 20–60) from Tehran were assessed. Habitual and four meal-specific EDII scores (breakfast, lunch, afternoon snacks, dinner) were calculated from three non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls using 29 pro- and anti-inflammatory parameters. Anthropometric variables, fasting blood assays, body mass index (BMI), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), Cardiometabolic Index (CMI), and Atherogenic Profile Index (API) were measured. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate associations. RESULTS: Habitual-EDII showed the strongest association with afternoon snack-EDII (R² = 0.36), followed by Dinner (0.29), Lunch (0.25), and Breakfast (0.20). Habitual-EDII in T (tertile) 3 vs. T1 was associated with increased odds of overweight/obesity BMI [OR 2.38, 95% CI (1.51–3.81)], CMI [1.95 (1.23–3.04)], VAI [1.92 (1.21–3.03)], and API [2.53 (1.57–4.08)]. Afternoon snack-EDII was associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity [OR 1.93 (1.21–3.11)]. Finally, dinner-EDII was associated with an elevated risk of VAI [OR 1.85 (1.17–2.92)] and CMI [OR 1.77 (1.12–2.80)]. CONCLUSION: Pro-inflammatory diets, especially during afternoon and dinner, are strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk, highlighting a meal-specific inflammation relationship. Accordingly, prospective cohort studies and interventions studies are required to confirm the veracity of these findings. </p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12930825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146093082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood and skin carotenoid levels are inversely associated with the prevalence of periodontal diseases in populations with normal occlusion: a cross-sectional analysis from the Iwaki health promotion project.","authors":"Toshitaka Yamauchi, Naoko Waki, Shigenori Suzuki, Kenji Fujimoto, Tatsuya Mikami, Koichi Murashita, Shigeyuki Nakaji, Ken Itoh, Yoshinori Tamada, Yoshihiro Tamura, Wataru Kobayashi","doi":"10.1186/s12937-026-01285-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-026-01285-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral health has a significant effect on longevity and quality of life. Periodontal diseases and dental caries are the primary causes of tooth loss, with the former being more prevalent than the latter. Antioxidants are associated with periodontal diseases. However, comprehensive analyses of this association are limited in literature, especially when focusing on circulating antioxidants. This study analyzed the association between antioxidant levels in the blood and skin along with periodontal diseases in populations with normal occlusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project in 2022. Overall, 456 individuals aged ≥ 20 years with healthy occlusion were included. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, with periodontal disease defined as the primary outcome variable, circulating antioxidant levels as the exposure, and the following covariates: age, sex, smoking and drinking status, sugar intake, educational background, and oral care habits. In addition, the potential causal direction between antioxidant levels and periodontal diseases were explored using Bayesian network analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with the fifth quintile of blood and skin carotenoid levels had a lower odds ratio (OR) for periodontal diseases compared with those with the first quintile (blood: adjusted OR = 0.32 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.16-0.64], skin: adjusted OR = 0.45 [95% CI, 0.23-0.88]). In particular, blood lutein and lycopene levels, but not vitamin A, C, and E levels, were significantly associated with periodontal diseases. Bayesian network analysis suggested that carotenoid levels may be a potential causal factor for periodontal diseases, and this association may be mediated by salivary immunoglobulin A and oral dysbiosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Blood and skin carotenoid levels are associated with the prevalence of periodontal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12924582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the non-linear relationship between sugar consumption and anxiety symptoms in UK biobank data.","authors":"Xue Yang, Agassi Chun Wai Wong, Qian Li, Hannah Xiaoyan Hui, Liping Zhang, Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01277-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01277-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common psychiatric condition. The role of sugar in emotional health is becoming more apparent. This cross-sectional study investigated the potential non-linear associations of sugar on GAD and identified thresholds that would be associated with GAD if these non-linear associations were significant, using the UK Biobank.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sample of 84,087 subjects was included. Total energy and sugar consumption were calculated using Oxford WebQ. Total sugar, glucose, fructose, maltose, and sucrose as dietary exposure. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire was used to measure anxiety symptoms. The non-linear relationship between sugar and GAD scores was examined using generalized additive models (GAMs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant non-linear relationships were found between sugar consumption and GAD score, and were modified by gender and age. Total sugar and sucrose consumption demonstrated non-linear associations with GAD scores among those aged 45 or younger. In those aged 46 to 64 years, non-linear associations of GAD score were found in total sugar consumption in both genders. Additionally, in females, non-linear associations were also observed across all the sugar types; compared to males, only sucrose consumption showed a significant association. Specifically, the association between sucrose consumption and GAD score followed a J-shaped pattern in both genders. Only sucrose consumption demonstrated a non-linear association with GAD scores in females aged 65 or above.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified non-linear and dose-dependent associations between various types of sugar on anxiety in different gender and age groups, which may have implications for lifestyle psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12918462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of pre- and post-diagnosis dietary macronutrient quality and its changes with ovarian cancer survival: evidence from a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Xiao-Ying Li, Yi-Fan Wei, Dong-Hui Huang, Xin-Jian Song, Fang-Hua Liu, Yi-Zi Li, He-Li Xu, Fan Cao, Song Gao, Lang Wu, Yu-Hong Zhao, Qi Cui, Ting-Ting Gong, Qi-Jun Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12937-026-01282-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-026-01282-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Associations of post-diagnosis dietary macronutrient quality and its changes from pre- to post-diagnosis with ovarian cancer (OC) survival remains unknown. It is necessary to investigate this topic due to the urgent need for specific guidance on dietary macronutrients from pre- to post-diagnosis for patients with OC. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate associations of pre- and post-diagnosis dietary macronutrient quality and its changes with overall survival (OS) of OC, using a multidimensional macronutrient quality index (MQI). METHODS: The prospective cohort study included 1082 patients with OC enrolled between 2015 and 2022. Dietary data were collected via a validated food frequency questionnaire. MQI was calculated on the basis of the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), fat quality index (FQI), and protein quality index (PQI). Deaths were tracked until February 16, 2023, through active follow-up, medical records, and death registries. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS: Among the 542 OC cases included, there were 198 (36.53%) all-cause deaths over a median follow-up of 44.75 months (interquartile range: 28.53–62.23 months). Higher MQI was associated with lower all-cause mortality (pre-diagnosis: HRT3 vs. T1=0.52, 95%CI: 0.36–0.75; post-diagnosis: HRT3 vs. T1=0.65, 95%CI: 0.46–0.94). Pre-diagnosis FQI (HRT3 vs. T1=0.44, 95%CI: 0.30–0.64) and PQI (HRT3 vs. T1=0.65, 95%CI: 0.46–0.94), and post-diagnosis CQI (HRT3 vs. T1=0.63, 95%CI: 0.43–0.92) were positively associated with OS. Patients with OC who consistently consumed diets with high MQI, FQI, and PQI from pre- to post-diagnosis exhibited superior OS compared to those maintaining diets with low MQI, FQI, and PQI, respectively (MQI: HRHigh-High vs. Low-Low = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.37–0.82; FQI: HRHigh-High vs. Low-Low = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.35–0.76; PQI: HRHigh-High vs. Low-Low = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.40–0.83). CONCLUSIONS: Improved dietary macronutrient quality both before and after diagnosis was associated with lower all-cause mortality, with further improvements from pre- to post-diagnosis being associated with improved OS in OC patients. </p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12853837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preconception dietary patterns and time-to-conception in the high-income multi-country NiPPeR study.","authors":"Jun S Lai, Shan Xuan Lim, Sheila J Barton, Elizabeth Huiwen Tham, Sarah El-Heis, Benjamin B Albert, Caroline E Childs, Cathryn A Conlon, Marjorelee T Colega, Vanessa Cox, Heidi Nield, See Ling Loy, Wayne S Cutfield, Mary F-F Chong, Keith M Godfrey, Shiao-Yng Chan","doi":"10.1186/s12937-026-01283-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-026-01283-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Dietary patterns rich in plant-based foods, fish, and healthier fats are reportedly beneficial for fertility, but forming generalizable recommendations has been hindered by the lack of studies examining dietary patterns and time-to-conception (TTC) in cohorts with different ethnicities across geographical regions. To study the association of preconception dietary patterns with TTC in the multi-country NiPPeR trial. METHODS: This study is a secondary analysis of data collected in the NiPPeR randomized controlled trial. Women planning to conceive, without known fertility impairment, were recruited from the community in the UK, Singapore, and New Zealand (NZ). Dietary intake was assessed at preconception prior randomization, and across-site (“pooled”) data-driven dietary patterns were derived (n = 1406). TTC, derived as the number of days between recruitment and the estimated date of achieving a clinical pregnancy, and the chance of achieving a clinical pregnancy within a year, expressed as hazard ratios (HR), were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for preconception body mass index, age and gravidity. RESULTS: Two pooled dietary patterns were identified: “Vegetables, Fruits and Nuts” (VFN), and “Fried potatoes, Processed meat and Sweetened beverages” (FPS). Compared with the lowest quartile of VFN score, those in the highest quartile took a shorter time to conceive [Days till 20% conceived (95% CI): 73.0 (60.6, 91.5) vs 166.5 (120.0, 229.5)], and showed a higher chance of conception within a year [HR (95% CI): 2.15 (1.66, 2.78)]. This difference was most evident in Singapore, where the overall adherence to a VFN diet was substantially lower than in the UK and NZ [median (IQR) VFN score (expressed as standard deviation scores): Singapore -0.88 (-1.11, -0.57), UK 0.45 (0.07, 0.92), NZ 0.47 (-0.02, 0.90)]. There was no association between the FPS diet and TTC in the cohort. CONCLUSION: Consuming a diet rich in vegetables, fruits and nuts may shorten TTC and improve the chances of conception, particularly in populations with low intakes of such foods. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02509988, Universal Trial Number U1111-1171–8056. Registered on 16 July 2015. </p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12910744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China precision nutrition and health: knowledge, attitude, and practice real-world study (CPNAS): a cross-sectional analysis of the association between serum vitamin A and homocysteine levels in rural middle-aged and elderly populations in China.","authors":"Ning Chen, Dongmei Cheng, Yu Zhou Ding, Peng Xu, Ying Wang, Jia Xiang Ding, Yuan Yuan Xu, Jin Mei Zhou, Jun Jie Bao, Yu Peng, Fei Guo, Yun Qiu Xie, Xian Hui Qin, Han Ping Shi, Huan Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s12937-026-01284-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-026-01284-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Homocysteine levels are closely associated with overall health. An elevation in homocysteine can lead to a variety of health issues and is influenced by vitamins B12, B6, and folic acid. However, the dose-response relationship between homocysteine and vitamin A remains unclear among the middle-aged and elderly population in rural China. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the dose-response relationship and threshold effect between serum homocysteine and vitamin A levels in vivo. Utilizing large-scale data from middle-aged and elderly individuals in China, it also evaluates these relationships across gender and age subgroups, providing a scientific basis for preventing and treating hyperhomocysteinemia in this population. METHODS: To examine the dose-response relationship between vitamin A and homocysteine, we used multiple linear regression, multinomial logistic regression, generalized additive models, and restricted cubic splines. This analysis involved 28,860 middle-aged to elderly participants from rural China. RESULT: The distribution of vitamin A and homocysteine levels is similar across different genders and age groups. However, homocysteine levels are elevated in men and individuals over the age of 65. A U-shaped dose-response relationship exists between these two variables, independent of gender or age. In China, the vitamin A levels among middle-aged and elderly populations are categorized into quintiles. As the concentration of vitamin A increases, the β coefficient exhibits a trend that initially decreases before subsequently increasing.The serum levels of both vitamin A and homocysteine across various genders and age groups demonstrate a U-shaped relationship. Specifically, as serum vitamin A levels rise, homocysteine levels first decline before rising again. This U-shaped nonlinear association between vitamin A and homocysteine was also identified within the high-homocysteine group. Restricted spline analysis revealed that with increasing serum vitamin A concentrations, the odds ratio (OR) for hyperhomocysteinemia initially decreased before increasing.Notably, when serum vitamin A concentration reaches 0.514 µg/ml, the OR for hyperhomocysteinemia exceeds 1. CONCLUSION: This study found a U-shaped relationship between serum vitamin A and homocysteine levels in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people. Proper vitamin A levels may help reduce homocysteine in those with hyperhomocysteinemia. The research provides a scientific basis for understanding this correlation and supports precise prevention and management of hyperhomocysteinemia. </p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12896271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is higher protein intake during weight loss interventions in older adults associated with improved outcomes? A secondary data analysis of three randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Doris Eglseer, Lea Reiter, Josje D Schoufour, Tereza Vágnerová, Robert G Memelink, Amely M Verreijen, Andrea Borenich, Silvia Bauer, Peter Jm Weijs","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01279-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01279-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Weight loss interventions can exacerbate sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older individuals. Increasing protein intake, alongside resistance training, is suggested to help preserve muscle mass, strength, and function during energy-restricted diets, but the benefits are not consistently supported by all studies in older adults. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between protein intake and body composition, muscle strength, and function in weight loss programs with energy restriction, with or without increased protein intake (through supplementation or dietary counseling) and combined with resistance training in older adults with overweight or obesity. METHODS: A secondary data analysis of three randomized controlled trials was conducted, including participants aged ≥ 55 with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². Data on protein intake at baseline and follow-up were analyzed. The follow-up period was 10 weeks in one study and 13 weeks in the other two studies.Outcomes included body weight, body fat, appendicular lean soft tissue mass (ALST), handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed, chair stand test (CST), and short physical performance battery (SPPB). Linear mixed models were used to identify associations between protein intake and outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 191 older adults (mean age 65.1 years, mean BMI 32.9 kg/m²) were included. Protein intake significantly increased from 0.87 to 1.06 g/kg BW/day (p < 0.001) in participants receiving protein supplementation or dietary advice. Higher protein intake was significantly associated with increased ALST (beta = 1.0, p = 0.047), but no associations were found with body weight, body fat, HGS, gait speed, CST, or SPPB. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing protein intake during weight loss interventions may help preserve ALST in older adults with overweight or obesity, potentially reducing the risk of sarcopenia. These findings suggest that incorporating protein strategies in weight loss programs is beneficial for muscle health in older adults. Further high-quality studies are needed to determine the optimal protein intake for this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial registration in the Dutch Trial Register: MPS: NL2623, https://www.onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en/trial/24688 , registration date 11022011 WelPrex NL4434 https://www.onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en/trial/29590 , registration date 01052014 PROBE NL4357, https://www.onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en/trial/21917 ), registration date 08042014. </p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12910732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between neck circumference and incidence of type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults: a longitudinal community-based study.","authors":"Yutong Zuo, Shuqing Ma, Ying Liu, Yue Chen, Chuang Han, Zhe Huang, Shuohua Chen, Xiang Gao, Shouling Wu, Liang Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12937-026-01281-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-026-01281-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Although previous studies have assessed the association between baseline neck circumference (NC) and incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D), the dynamic associations remain unclear, due to lack of longitudinal data with repeated NC measurements in large cohorts. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between dynamic changes in NC and the risk of developing T2D in a Chinese cohort. METHODS: This study included 56,549 participants (mean [SD] age at baseline, 50.6 [14.3] years) from the Kailuan study who were free of T2D and have completed NC measurement at 2014 survey and at least one follow-up survey. The cumulative average NC and the percentage change in NC were calculated. The associations between NC parameters (baseline NC, cumulative average NC, and NC change) and T2D were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Joint analyses of long-term NC parameters and body mass index or waist circumference on the risk of T2D were performed. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 5.62 years, 3,317 incident T2D cases were identified. The incidence rates of T2D by baseline NC quartiles were 12.62, 13.52, 15.34, and 20.22 per 1000 person-years, respectively. In fully adjusted model, baseline NC (HR [95%CI]: 1.24[1.12,1.37]) and cumulative average NC (HR [95%CI]: 1.51[1.36,1.67]) were positively associated with T2D risk for top vs. bottom quartile, respectively. Compared to NC maintenance group (≥ –2.5% to < 2.5%), the group with NC increased ≥ 5% had a higher risk of T2D (HR [95%CI]: 1.30 [1.16,1.46]). Significant joint effects were found between NC quartiles and body mass index (P for interaction < 0.001), especially for participants with obesity and higher baseline NC or cumulative average NC. CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective study, individuals with persistently high NC values were observed to be associated with higher T2D risk compared to those with consistently low NC values. </p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":" ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12870319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Effects of spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis supplementation on inflammation, physical and mental quality of life, and anthropometric measures in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS): a triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Sheno Karimi, Vahid Shaygannejad, Adel Mohammadalipour, Awat Feizi, Sahar Hooshmand, Marzieh Kafeshani","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01246-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01246-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12777411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}