Nutrition Journal最新文献

{"title":"Association of novel dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores with incidence and progression of coronary artery calcification in middle-late adulthood: a longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Azra Ramezankhani, Parto Hadaegh, Farzad Hadaegh","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01028-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01028-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary patterns and lifestyle factors can influence the intensity of systemic inflammation and, consequently, the development and progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC). This study aimed to explore the relationship between the inflammatory potentials of diet and lifestyle, as captured by novel dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores (DIS and LIS), with CAC incidence and progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data on 5949 Black and White men and women ≥ 45 years old participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort. Baseline data on diet and lifestyle factors were collected from 2000 to 2002 and used to construct the DIS and LIS, which reflect the overall inflammatory potential of diet and lifestyle. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for CAC incidence and progression across quartiles of DIS and LIS, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 8.0 years, among 2638 participants with zero CAC score at baseline, 977 individuals developed positive scores, and 1681 out of 2561 participants showed CAC progression. For individuals in the highest (more pro-inflammatory) compared to the lowest (more anti-inflammatory) quartiles of the LIS, the multivariable-adjusted HR for CAC incidence was 1.35 (95% CI, 1.10-1.65; P trend < 0.002). This association was stronger among younger adults aged < 60 years compared to those aged ≥ 60 years, with respective values of 1.76 (1.34-2.30) and 1.02 (0.78-1.35) (P interaction < 0.001). However, the LIS was not significantly associated with the progression of existing CAC. Among the components of the LIS, a body mas index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m² and current smoking were significant predictors for the incidence and progression of CAC, respectively. No significant association was found between DIS and CAC incidence and progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lifestyle factors, through their impact on systemic inflammation, may be associated with a higher risk of CAC incidence in middle and late adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An unbiased, sustainable, evidence-informed Universal Food Guide: a timely template for national food guides.","authors":"Elizabeth Dean, Jia Xu, Alice Yee-Men Jones, Mantana Vongsirinavarat, Constantina Lomi, Pintu Kumar, Etienne Ngeh, Maximilian A Storz","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01018-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01018-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although national food guides are designed, ostensibly, to translate scientific evidence with respect to food, dietary patterns, and health, their development has increasingly become a corporate/political process as well as scientific one; often with corporate/political influences overriding science. Our aim was to construct an unbiased, sustainable, evidence-informed Universal Food Guide to serve as a template for countries to develop their unique guides, thereby, provide a valid resource for health professionals, health authorities, and the public.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address our aim, we conducted an integrative review of multiple evidence-informed sources (e.g., established databases, evidence syntheses, scholarly treatises, and policy documents) related to four areas: 1. Food guides' utility and conflicts of interest; 2. The evidence-based healthiest diet; 3. Constituents of the Universal Food Guide template; and 4. Implications for population health; regulation/governance; environment/climate/planetary health; and ethics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The eating pattern that is healthiest for humans (i.e., most natural, and associated with maximal health across the life cycle; reduced non-communicable disease (NCD) risk; and minimal end-of-life illness) is whole food, low fat, plant-based, especially vegan, with the absence of ultra-processed food. Disparities in national food guide recommendations can be explained by factors other than science, specifically, corporate/political interests reflected in heavily government-subsidized, animal-sourced products; and trends toward dominance of daily consumption of processed/ultra-processed foods. Both trends have well-documented adverse consequences, i.e., NCDs and endangered environmental/planetary health. Commitment to an evidence-informed plant-based eating pattern, particularly vegan, will reduce risks/manifestations of NCDs; inform healthy food and nutrition policy regulation/governance; support sustainable environment/climate and planetary health; and is ethical with respect to 'best' evidence-based practice, and human and animal welfare.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Universal Food Guide that serves as a template for national food guides is both urgent and timely given the well-documented health-harming influences that corporate stakeholders/politicians and advisory committees with conflicts of interest, exert on national food guides. Such influence contributes to the largely-preventable NCDs and environmental issues. Policy makers, health professionals, and the public need unbiased, scientific evidence as informed by the Universal Food Guide, to inform their recommendations and choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11487974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to a low-fat dietary pattern reduces head and neck cancer risk: evidence from the PLCO trial.","authors":"Rong Wang, Haoyun Luo, Yijing Ye, Ling Xiang, Qijiu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01026-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01026-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Low-fat dietary (LFD) pattern refers to a dietary structure with reduced fat intake. The aim was to investigate the association between LFD pattern and risk of head and neck cancer (HNC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were derived from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. LFD score was used to assess adherence to an LFD pattern, with higher scores indicating greater adherence. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between LFD score and risk of HNC and its subtypes. To visualize the trend in risk of HNC and its subtypes with changing LFD score, restricted cubic spline plots were utilized. A series of subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 98,459 participants of PLCO trial, 268 cases with HNC were identified during an average of 8.8 years of follow-up. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of LFD score had a lower risk of HNC (HR _{Q4 vs. Q1}: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.40-0.90; P for trend = 0.026) and larynx cancer (HR_{Q4 vs. Q1}: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22-0.96; P for trend = 0.039). The restricted cubic spline plots demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between the LFD score and the risk of HNC and its subtypes (all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). The primary association remained robust in the sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that adherence to an LFD pattern may lower the risk of HNC in the US population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between fish oil and glucosamine use and mortality in patients diagnosed with cancer: the role of the Life Essential 8 score and cancer prognosis.","authors":"Chun Sing Lam, Rong Hua, Herbert Ho-Fung Loong, Vincent Chi-Ho Chung, Yin Ting Cheung","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01032-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01032-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of supplements on mortality risk in patients with cancer remains uncertain and has scarcely been investigated in subgroups of patients with varying characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the association between two popular supplements, fish oil and glucosamine, and mortality risk in a large population-based cohort and determine whether cardiovascular health and clinical prognosis influence these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study analyzed the data of UK Biobank participants who were diagnosed with cancer. The associations of fish oil and glucosamine consumption with mortality were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess the effects of Life Essential 8 [LE8] scores (a measure of cardiovascular health) and cancer prognosis (grouped according to the survival rates of specific cancer types) on the associations between supplement use and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This analysis included 14,920 participants (mean age = 59.9 years; 60.2% female). One third (34.1%) of the participants reported using fish oil, and one fifth (20.5%) reported using glucosamine. Over a median follow-up of 12.0 years, 2,708 all-cause deaths were registered. The use of fish oil was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.89, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.81-0.97) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.98). Similarly, glucosamine use was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.92) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.93) in the fully adjusted model. Subgroup analyses revealed that the protective effects of fish oil and glucosamine against mortality risk were only observed in patients with LE8 scores lower than the mean score or a poor cancer prognosis. Additionally, the association between glucosamine use and a reduced risk of CVD-related mortality was only observed in patients with lower LE8 scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This large cohort study identified the potential differential impact of LE8 scores and cancer prognosis on the associations of fish oil and glucosamine supplementation with survival in patients with cancer. This suggests the importance of considering these factors in future research on supplements and in the provision of personalized integrative cancer care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Niacin intake and mortality (total and cardiovascular disease) in patients with cardiovascular disease: Insights from NHANES 2003-2018.","authors":"Ruiming Yang, Menghan Zhu, Shuzhen Fan, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01027-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01027-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant challenge to global public health. Dietary intervention therapy offers high cost-effectiveness for treating CVD. Currently, there is limited research on the dietary niacin intake and survival of CVD patients. This study aims to examine the association of dietary niacin intake with long-term survival in people with CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationally representative sample of 4,377 diabetes subjects was drawn from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data collected between 2003 and 2018. Dietary niacin intake in this study represents either the average of the two recalls or the value from one recall (if only one recall was available for a participant). Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs to examine the associations between dietary niacin intake and the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for multiple covariates, HRs and 95% CIs in model 3 indicated that participants in the highest quartile (Quartile 4) of dietary niacin intake were at lower risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.90, P for trend = 0.010) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.67, 95% CI:0.51-0.89, P for trend = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher dietary niacin intake may be associated with a reduced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among CVD patients. Additionally, significant interactions were found between dietary niacin intake and BMI as well as vitamin B12 subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the role of dietary acid load in the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: uncovering the association through prospective cohort analysis.","authors":"Fatemeh Safarpour, Mehrnoosh Shafaatdoost, Reza Naeimi, Ashraf Moini, Reihaneh Pirjani, Zahra Basirat, Azar Mardi-Mamaghani, Mahnaz Esmaeili, Mahroo Rezaeinejad, Mahdi Sepidarkish","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01016-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01016-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are common complications encountered in pregnancy that affect between 5% and 15% of pregnancies worldwide. Some studies have associated adherence to a diet with a high acid load with an increased risk of HDPs. This study investigates the association between Dietary Acid Load (DAL) and the incidence of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension (HTN), and gestational hypertension (GHTN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pregnant women aged 18 to 45 in the first trimester of pregnancy were selected and followed up until delivery. Diet was evaluated using a 168-question semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After calculating the DAL score, the inverse probability weight of the propensity scores, estimated from augmented generalized models, was used to obtain a causal risk ratio (RR) adjusted for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,856 women, 92 (4.95%) developed preeclampsia. The potential renal acid load (PRAL) score ranged from - 16.14 to 0.58, while the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score ranged from 34.61 to 50.15. Multivariable analysis revealed a significant association between PRAL and preeclampsia in the first (aRR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.49, p = 0.048) and third (aRR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.81, p = 0.030) quartiles compared to the reference group (Q2). No significant linear association was found in continuous analyses. For chronic HTN, significant associations were observed in the first (aRR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.21, 5.42, p = 0.014) and fourth (aRR: 4.79, 95% CI: 2.37, 9.71, p < 0.001) PRAL quartiles, with similar findings for NEAP. Continuous analysis showed a significant linear association between both PRAL and NEAP scores and chronic HTN. Regarding GHTN, significant associations were found in the first (aRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.16, p = 0.041) and fourth (aRR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.70, p = 0.001) PRAL quartiles, and in Q4 for NEAP (aRR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.21, p = 0.012), with no significant linear association in continuous analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extremes in DAL, as indicated by PRAL and NEAP, are associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, chronic HTN, and GHTN, particularly in the highest and lowest quartiles. These findings highlight the potential impact of DAL on HDPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-processed foods intake in relation to metabolic health status, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and adropin levels in adults.","authors":"Donya Poursalehi, Shahnaz Amani Tirani, Farnaz Shahdadian, Zahra Hajhashemy, Parisa Rouhani, Parvane Saneei","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01024-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01024-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, there has been a lot of discussion over the impact of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) intake on overall health of subjects. However, the association between UPFs intake and metabolic unhealthy (MU) status is still in a state of ambiguity. The current study assessed the relationship between UPFs intake and MU status with regard to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and adropin levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of Iranian adults (aged 20-65 years) was selected to participate in this cross-sectional study using a multistage cluster random-sampling method. UPFs intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and NOVA classification. Concentrations of metabolic parameters, BDNF and adropin were determined through fasting blood samples. MU status was assessed according to the criteria proposed by Wildman.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of MU phenotype among study participants (n = 527) was 42.5%. Higher intake of UPFs was associated with elevated odds of MU status in multivariable-adjusted model (OR_{T3 vs. T1}=1.88; 95%CI: 1.02-3.45). Moreover, a positive association was observed between UPFs intake and hypertriglyceridemia after controlling all confounders (OR_{T3 vs. T1}=2.07; 95%CI: 1.15-3.73). However, each tertile increase in UPFs intake was not significantly associated with serum BDNF ([Formula: see text]=0.15; 95%CI: -0.05, 0.34; P = 0.14) and adropin ([Formula: see text]=-1.37; 95%CI: -6.16, 3.42; P = 0.58) levels in multivariable-adjusted linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggested that higher consumption of UPFs was related to increased likelihood of MU status among a sample of Iranian adults. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify the directionality and generalizability of the results to all adult populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Fetal malnutrition among neonates in African countries: a CAN score systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ibsa Mussa, Adera Debella, Melat B Maruta, Tamirat Getachew, Lemma Demissie Regassa, Mulugeta Gamachu, Alemayehu Deressa, Fethia Mohammed, Abdi Birhanu, Hamdi Fekredin Zakaria, Addis Eyeberu","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01025-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01025-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) for Ghanaian adults under transition: the RODAM Study.","authors":"Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Mary Nicolaou, Manuela De Allegri, Karlijn A C Meeks, Hibbah Osei-Kwasi, Julia Stockemer, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Isaac Agbemafle, Silver Bahendeka, Daniel Boateng, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Erik Beune, Charles Agyemang, Matthias B Schulze, Ina Danquah","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01009-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01009-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The sustainability of diets consumed by African populations under socio-economic transition remains to be determined. This study developed and characterized a multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) reflecting healthfulness, climate-friendliness, sociocultural benefits, and financial affordability using individual-level data of adults in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe to identify the role of living environment in dietary sustainability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used cross-sectional data from the multi-centre Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants Study (N = 3169; age range: 25-70 years). For the SDI construct (0-16 score points), we used the Diet Quality Index-International, food-related greenhouse gas emission, the ratio of natural to processed foods, and the proportion of food expenditure from income. In linear regression analyses, we estimated the adjusted ß-coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the differences in mean SDI across study sites (using rural Ghana as a reference), accounting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mean SDI was 8.0 (95% CI: 7.9, 8.1). Participants in the highest SDI-quintile compared to lower quintiles were older, more often women, non-smokers, and alcohol abstainers. The highest mean SDI was seen in London (9.1; 95% CI: 8.9, 9.3), followed by rural Ghana (8.2; 95% CI: 8.0, 8.3), Amsterdam (7.9; 95% CI: 7.7, 8.1), Berlin (7.8; 95% CI: 7.6, 8.0), and urban Ghana (7.7; 95% CI: 7.5, 7.8). Compared to rural Ghana, the differences between study sites were attenuated after accounting for age, gender and energy intake. No further changes were observed after adjustment for lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The multi-dimensional SDI describes four dimensions of dietary sustainability in this Ghanaian population. Our findings suggest that living in Europe improved dietary sustainability, but the opposite seems true for urbanization in Ghana.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of mixed nuts as part of a Brazilian Cardioprotective diet on LDL-cholesterol in adult patients after myocardial infarction: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Camila Weschenfelder, Rachel Helena Vieira Machado, Renato Hideo Nakagawa Santos, Terrence M Riley, Lucas Ribeiro da Silva, Debora Harumi Kodama Miyada, Erica Regina Ribeiro Sady, Erlon Oliveira de Abreu-Silva, Ligia Nasi Laranjeira, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Júlia Lorenzon Dos Santos, Gabriela Corrêa Souza, Suena Medeiros Parahiba, Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh, Danielle Soares Bezerra, Ana Paula Perillo Ferreira Carvalho, Malaine Morais Alves Machado, Sandra Mary Lima Vasconcelos, Mayranne Victórya Rocha Santos, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Luciana Pereira Pinto Dias, Francisca Eugenia Zaina Nagano, Cássia Cristina Paes de Almeida, Annie Seixas Bello Moreira, Rodrigo Damasceno de Oliveira, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Geni Rodrigues Sampaio, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva Torres, Bernardete Weber, Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti, Aline Marcadenti","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuts consumption is related to cardioprotective effects on primary cardiovascular prevention, but studies conducted in secondary prevention are small, scarce and controversial. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of a regional and sustainable cardioprotective diet added or not with an affordable mixed nuts on cardiometabolic features in patients with previous myocardial infarction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DICA-NUTS study is a national, multi-center, and superiority-parallel randomized clinical trial. Males and females over 40 years old diagnosed with previous myocardial infarction in the last 2 to 6 months were included. Patients were allocated into two groups: the Brazilian Cardioprotective diet (DICA Br) supplemented with 30 g/day of mixed nuts (10 g of peanuts; 10 g of cashew; 10 g of Brazil nuts) (intervention group, n = 193); or only DICA Br prescription (control group, n = 195). The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol means (in mg/dL) after 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes were other lipid biomarkers, glycemic and anthropometric data and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for baseline values, participating study site, time since myocardial infarction and statin treatment regimen (high potency, moderate and low potency/no statins), no significant difference was found between the groups in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (intervention-control difference: 3.48 mg/dL [-3.45 to 10.41], P = 0.32). Both groups improved their overall diet quality at the end of the study without differences between them after 16 weeks (intervention-control difference: 1.05 (-0.9 to 2.99); P = 0.29). Other lipids, glycemic profile and anthropometrics were also not different between study groups at the end of the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to the DICA Br for 16 weeks did not change lipid, glycemic and anthropometric features in the post-myocardial infarction setting.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov website under number NCT03728127 and its World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN) is U1111-1259-8105.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}