Daily eating frequency, nighttime fasting duration, and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study.

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI:10.1186/s12937-025-01213-6

Liyu Yang, Xuehong Tie, Xinyang Liu, Yu Liu, Fuyu Li, Yang Guo, Yingjian Liang

{"title":"Daily eating frequency, nighttime fasting duration, and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Liyu Yang, Xuehong Tie, Xinyang Liu, Yu Liu, Fuyu Li, Yang Guo, Yingjian Liang","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01213-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: The understanding of daily eating frequency (DEF) and nighttime fasting duration (NFD) is limited. The aim of this research is to investigate the links between DEF, NFD, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods: The research involved 11,153 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2018. The evaluation of DEF and NFD was conducted through interviews focusing on dietary recalls spanning 24 h. DEF refers to the overall number of times individuals eat throughout the day, whereas NFD indicates the duration between the last and first meal of the day. The diagnosis of NAFLD was established through the application of the US fatty liver index (USFLI). A weighted logistic regression model investigated the connection between DEF, NFD, and NAFLD.Results: After full adjustment, participants with DEF ≤ 3 times exhibited a 21% higher risk of NAFLD than those with DEF > 4.5 times (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45). Similarly, individuals with NFD ≥ 14 h were 26% more likely to develop NAFLD than those with NFD ≤ 10 h (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04-1.53). The effect of DEF on NAFLD risk was more evident in participants without T2D and with low fibrosis risk, whereas the adverse impact of NFD was particularly pronounced among those younger than 60 years.Conclusion: DEF below 3 times and NFD exceeding 14 h were significantly linked to a heightened risk of developing NAFLD.","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12482231/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nutrition Journal","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01213-6","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The understanding of daily eating frequency (DEF) and nighttime fasting duration (NFD) is limited. The aim of this research is to investigate the links between DEF, NFD, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: The research involved 11,153 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2018. The evaluation of DEF and NFD was conducted through interviews focusing on dietary recalls spanning 24 h. DEF refers to the overall number of times individuals eat throughout the day, whereas NFD indicates the duration between the last and first meal of the day. The diagnosis of NAFLD was established through the application of the US fatty liver index (USFLI). A weighted logistic regression model investigated the connection between DEF, NFD, and NAFLD.

Results: After full adjustment, participants with DEF ≤ 3 times exhibited a 21% higher risk of NAFLD than those with DEF > 4.5 times (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45). Similarly, individuals with NFD ≥ 14 h were 26% more likely to develop NAFLD than those with NFD ≤ 10 h (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04-1.53). The effect of DEF on NAFLD risk was more evident in participants without T2D and with low fibrosis risk, whereas the adverse impact of NFD was particularly pronounced among those younger than 60 years.

Conclusion: DEF below 3 times and NFD exceeding 14 h were significantly linked to a heightened risk of developing NAFLD.

查看原文本刊更多论文

每日进食频率、夜间禁食时间与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的风险：一项横断面研究

背景：对每日进食频率（DEF）和夜间禁食时间（NFD）的了解有限。本研究的目的是调查DEF、NFD和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）之间的联系。方法：该研究涉及2005年至2018年间进行的国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的11153名参与者。对DEF和NFD的评估是通过访谈进行的，访谈的重点是24小时内的饮食回忆。DEF指的是个体全天进食的总次数，而NFD指的是一天中最后一餐和第一餐之间的持续时间。通过应用美国脂肪肝指数（USFLI）建立NAFLD的诊断。加权logistic回归模型研究DEF、NFD和NAFLD之间的关系。结果：完全调整后，DEF≤3次的参与者NAFLD的风险比DEF≤4.5次的参与者高21% （OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45）。同样，NFD≥14 h的个体发生NAFLD的可能性比NFD≤10 h的个体高26% （OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04-1.53）。DEF对NAFLD风险的影响在无T2D和低纤维化风险的参与者中更为明显，而NFD的不良影响在60岁以下的参与者中尤为明显。结论：DEF低于3倍和NFD超过14小时与NAFLD发生风险增加显著相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.