Nutrition Journal最新文献

{"title":"Avenanthramides and avenacosides as biomarkers of oat intake: a pharmacokinetic study of solid and liquid oat consumption under single and repeated dose conditions.","authors":"Marina Armeni, Tim Cardilin, Rikard Fristedt, Therese Karlsson, Caroline Orfila Jenkins, Elise Nordin, Panpan Qin, Mats Jirstrand, Karsten Kristiansen, Otto Savolainen, Rikard Landberg","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01204-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01204-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Avenanthramides (AVAs) and Avenacosides (AVEs) are unique to oats (Avena Sativa) and may serve as biomarkers of oat intake. However, information regarding their validity as food intake biomarkers is missing. We aimed to investigate critical validation parameters such as half-lives, dose-response, matrix effects, relative bioavailability under single dose, and in relation to the abundance of Feacalibacterium prausnitzii, and under repeated dosing, to understand the potential applications of AVAs and AVEs as biomarkers of oat intake.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one healthy participants consumed two oat products (solid and liquid) in a non-blinded randomized crossover study for the pharmacokinetics (PK) assessment of multiple AVAs (2p, 2c,2f, 2fd and 2pd) and AVEs (A and B). At phase I, postprandial data were collected after a single dose of either product. At phase II, fasting sample was drawn after a 4-days repeated dose setup. The postprandial data were used in a compartmental PK model and the PK parameters were consequently utilized to predict individual plasma concentrations, which were compared with the data of the second phase of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T_max values were shorter in liquid compared to solid form for AVAs (0.7-1.6 h and 1.1-2.3 h, respectively). In liquid, T_1/2 were 1.3 h (AVA 2p and AVA 2fd), 3.2 h (AVA 2f, AVE A) and 2.5 h (AVA 2pd, AVE B). In solid form, T_1/2 were shorter for AVAs (1.4-2.6 h) compared to AVEs (3.3-3.8 h). The normalized area under the curve (AUC_norm) was greater for liquid than solid form for AVA2p, 2f and AVE-A [0.7-27 nM∙h (liquid), 0.4-20.1 (solid)] while for AVE-B AUC_norm were comparable [1.8 ± 0.2 nM∙h (liquid),2.1 ± 0.3 nM∙h (solid)]. A pharmakcokinetic prediction model described 75% of the experimental plasma-concentration data from phase II, with good agreement (bias: -0.145 nM).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AVAs are promising candidates as compliance biomarkers of oat intake in intervention studies regardless of the tested food matrices. However, due to their short elimination half-lives, their applicability in nutritional epidemiology where long-term habitual intake is of main interest, seems restricted.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov with the clinical trial number: NCT05511077, on August 22nd, 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index and the risk of colorectal adenomas and cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.","authors":"Yi-Jun Wu, Wen-Hua Wang, Yu-Ping Wang, Hong Xu","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01202-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01202-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The potential association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, as well as colorectal adenomas (CRA) risk, has been extensively studied, but the findings remain inconclusive. We conducted this systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between the DII and CRC and CRA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We comprehensively searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for cohort and case-control studies reporting the relationship between DII and CRA, or between DII and CRC, as of 15 July 2025. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model. Dose-response analysis was conducted where possible. Subgroup analyses were conducted to account for possible sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plot, Egger's test, and Begg's test were utilized to assess publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two studies were included, involving 7,612 CRA patients, 25,359 CRC patients, and 896,592 controls. The pooled ORs for CRC and CRA in total population comparing the highest DII to the lowest DII were 1.61 (95% CI, 1.42-1.83) and 1.19 (95% CI, 0.96-1.47), respectively. The pooled ORs for CRC and CRA per unit increase in DII were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.08-1.20) and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.03-1.38), respectively. Stratification by sex revealed a positive association between DII and CRC risk in both males and females. However, this association was stronger in males (Highest DII vs. lowest DII: OR = 1.67, 95% CI [1.39, 2.00]) (Continues DII: OR = 1.16, 95%CI [1.06, 1.26]). Dose-response analysis revealed a nonlinear positive correlation between CRC risk and DII (P _{for non-linearity} < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that dietary habits characterized by a high inflammatory index may increase the risk of CRA and CRC. TRIAL REGISTRATION : PROSPERO registration number: CRD42025641934.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet-microbiome synergy: unraveling the combined impact on frailty through interactions and mediation.","authors":"HuanRui Zhang, Wen Tian, GuoXian Qi, BaoSen Zhou, YuJiao Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01201-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01201-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study analyzed data from the US population to examine how oral microbiome diversity and diet quality individually and synergistically affect frailty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 6,283 participants aged 20 years or older from the 2009-2010 and 2011-2012 NHANES cycles. A frailty index (FI) consisting of 36 items was developed, with items related to nutritional status excluded. The diversity of the oral microbiome was assessed using α-diversity, including observed ASVs, the Shannon-Weiner index, Faith's phylogenetic diversity (PD), and the Simpson index. Dietary quality was assessed using Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean Diet Score (MED), and Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). Multivariable logistic models were employed to examine the separate and combined associations of oral microbiome diversity and four dietary quality scores with FI, with interaction effects were explored. Several subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of our findings. Furthermore, the mediation analysis was used to explore oral microbiome diversity as a mediator in the relationship between dietary scores and FI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both oral microbiome diversity and dietary quality scores showed significant individual associations with FI. Jointly, those in the highest tertile of oral microbiome diversity and the lowest tertile of DII had lower FI [β_{Observed ASVs} (95% CI) = -2.544(-3.678,-1.411); β_{Faith's PD} (95% CI) = -2.688(-3.783,-1.593); β_{Shannon-Weiner index} (95% CI) = -2.359(-3.333,-1.386); β_{Simpson index} (95% CI) = -1.93(-2.879,-0.981)], compared to participants in the lowest tertile of oral microbiome diversity and the highest tertile of DII. A significant interaction between oral microbiome diversity (Observed ASVs and Faith's PD) and DII in relation to FI reduction was found (P for interaction_{Observed ASVs*DII} = 0.032, P for interaction_{Faith's PD*DII} = 0.014). Other dietary scores showed similar joint associations of oral microbiome diversity with FI, but no significant interactions were observed. Further mediation analysis indicated that the proportion of DII's effect on FI mediated through Observed ASVs, Faith's PD, and the Shannon-Weiner index was 8.7%, 7.5%, and 3.4%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that a high-quality diet and greater α-diversity of oral microbiota are significantly associated with a reduced risk of frailty. Notably, the interaction between DII and the diversity of the oral microbiota exerts a particularly substantial influence on frailty risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145015907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to EAT-Lancet diet and odds of irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia: the Isfahan functional disorders (ISFUN) study.","authors":"Asma Salari-Moghaddam, Awat Feizi, Parisa Hajihashemi, Alireza Ani, Hamidreza Roohafza, Peyman Adibi","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01195-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01195-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No study has been conducted to investigate the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and odds of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD). This cross-sectional study was aimed to assess the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and odds of IBS and FD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis was done among 1892 Iranian apparently healthy adults, aged 18 to 65 years, in Isfahan, Iran. Usual dietary intakes of participants were assessed using a validated Dish-based, 106-item food frequency questionnaire. To measure participants' adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet, the EAT-Lancet diet index (ELD-I) was calculated. IBS and FD were assessed using ROME IV criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 5.29% and 3.17% of participants had IBS and FD, respectively. The mean age of study participants was 39.64 ± 10.24 years, and the mean BMI was 27.08 ± 4.91 kg/m². After adjustment for potential confounding factors, a significant positive association between lower adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and odds of IBS was revealed (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.00-3.04), but not for FD (OR: 1.37; 95% CI: 0.65-2.89).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant positive association was observed between lower adherence to EAT-Lancet diet and odds of IBS. More prospective studies are needed to affirm these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The EAT-Lancet diet in relation to nutrient intake among older adults: insights from the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort study.","authors":"Anna Stubbendorff, Silke Kern, Lina Rydén, Ingmar Skoog, Jessica Samuelsson","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01211-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01211-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis supplementation on inflammation, physical and mental quality of life, and anthropometric measures in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS): a triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Sheno Karimi, Vahid Shaygannejad, Adel Mohammadalipour, Awat Feizi, Sahar Hooshmand, Marzieh Kafeshani","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01200-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01200-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disorder marked by demyelination and axonal damage, where oxidative stress and cytokine-mediated inflammation are key pathological factors. Spirulina, a microalga rich in phycocyanin, phenolic compounds, and omega-3 fatty acids, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, potentially targeting these pathways. This study investigated spirulina's impact on inflammatory biomarkers and quality of life in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial randomized 80 RRMS patients (EDSS 0-6) to receive 1 g/day spirulina (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) for 12 weeks. Sixteen participants (20%) withdrew. Primary analysis followed the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle (N = 80) using baseline-observation-carried-forward for missing data. Serum IL-1β and IL-6 (primary outcomes) were measured by ELISA. Quality of life (MSQoL-54) and anthropometric measures were secondary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A linear mixed-effects model revealed that spirulina supplementation significantly reduced serum IL-1β (Estimate = - 1.07 ± 0.14, p < 0.001) and IL-6 levels (Estimate = - 2.66 ± 0.26, p < 0.001) compared to placebo. Significant improvements were also observed in health perception (Estimate = - 0.49 ± 0.12, p < 0.001), physical function (-0.37 ± 0.11, p < 0.001), role limitation-physical (-0.36 ± 0.16, p = 0.030), energy (-0.64 ± 0.15, p < 0.001), and sexual function (-1.31 ± 0.29, p < 0.001). No significant effects were found for emotional wellbeing, health distress, social function, cognitive function, sexual satisfaction, overall quality of life, or total mental health. Anthropometric analysis showed a significant weight reduction in the spirulina group versus placebo (-2.85 ± 1.13 kg, p = 0.015), while BMI reduction was borderline significant (-0.78 ± 0.41, p = 0.060). No significant changes were observed in waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, energy intake, or physical activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Spirulina supplementation significantly reduced pro-inflammatory markers and improved multiple physical and cognitive quality of life domains in patients with RRMS. Spirulina shows promise as a safe adjunct therapy in MS management, but larger trials with longer follow-up are warranted to confirm these findings and explore its clinical utility alongside DMTs.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial is registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (ID IRCT2024124060794N1), with registration completed on 4 February 2024. Informed consent will be secured from each participant or their legal guardian.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12392570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of maternal dietary iron intake during pregnancy with infant neurodevelopment: evidence from a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Rui Qin, Liya Pang, Haiting Hu, Yangqian Jiang, Hong Lv, Kan Ye, Cong Liu, Xin Xu, Xiaoyu Liu, Kun Zhou, Tao Jiang, Jiangbo Du, Lingmin Hu, Zhibin Hu, Zhonghua Shi, Yuan Lin","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01197-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01197-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Iron, an essential micronutrient, plays a critical role in fetal neurodevelopment. Animal studies have demonstrated that maternal iron-deficient diets during pregnancy induce permanent structural and functional alterations in offspring brains. Dietary iron exists in two forms: heme iron (found in animal-derived foods), which exhibits high bioavailability (15-35%), and non-heme iron (predominantly from plant-based sources), with lower bioavailability (1-20%). Existing epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding maternal iron intake and offspring neurodevelopment, and few have examined the effects of different iron forms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was conducted in the Jiangsu Birth Cohort, a prospective cohort tracking pregnant women throughout gestation and following up their children. Dietary intake, including heme and non-heme iron, was assessed via a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in early, middle and late pregnancy. The total iron intake was defined as the sum of iron intake from diet and supplements (specific iron supplements and multivitamin/ mineral supplements). Infant neurodevelopment was evaluated at 12 months of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition screening test. This assessment covered cognitive, receptive communication, expressive communication, fine motor, and gross motor domains. Each domain was scored according to standardized criteria and categorized as \"non-optimal\" or \"optimal\" based on age-specific cut-off points. Poisson regression and generalized estimating equations were employed to analyze the associations between maternal iron intake and neurodevelopment of offspring. Furthermore, maternal (demographic, lifestyle, and clinical) and infant (birth and feeding) characteristics that might confound the associations were adjusted in the analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The final analytical cohort comprised 3,750 pregnant women and their offspring. Null associations were observed between total iron intake through pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment. Following log-transformation and energy adjustment, each one-unit increase in maternal heme iron intake was associated with a 35% reduced risk of non-optimal cognitive development in infants after the adjustment for potential confounders (RR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.45-0.93). Particularly, trimester-specific analysis demonstrated that maternal heme iron intake in the third trimester was significantly associated with non-optimal cognition development (RR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.52-0.85). Infants of mothers in the highest tertile of heme iron intake (&gt; 3.29 mg/d) during late pregnancy exhibited a 28% lower risk of non-optimal cognition compared to those in the lowest tertile (&lt; 2.22 mg/d) (RR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.93). While no association was observed for non-heme iron or iron supplements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Maternal heme iron intake, particul","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12382028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a multimodal model integrating gut microbiota and metabolite for identifying sarcopenia in patients with MASLD: a study from two centers in China.","authors":"Sizhe Wan, Mingkai Li, Wanjun Li, Yuexiang Ren, Yuankai Wu, Qingtian Luo, Wei Gong","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01198-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01198-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Development of empirical anti-inflammatory diet index: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Joanna Kaluza, Lisa Hellerström, Daniel Kaluza, Abbas Chabok, Agneta Åkesson, Karl Michaëlsson, Alicja Wolk","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01208-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01208-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics and nutrient intake reveal metabolite-nutrient interactions in metabolic syndrome: insights from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.","authors":"Minyeong Kim, Suyeon Lee, Junguk Hur, Dayeon Shin","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01189-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01189-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Despite advances in metabolomics, the complex relationship between metabolites and nutrient intake in metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains poorly understood in the Korean population.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to characterize the metabolomic profiles and nutrient intake associated with MetS and to examine their relationships in the Ansan-Ansung cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from 2,306 middle-aged adults (1,109 men and 1,197 women) in the KoGES Ansan-Ansung cohort were analyzed. Plasma metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, identifying 135 metabolites. Nutrient intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire covering 23 nutrients. MetS-associated metabolites and nutrients were identified using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, logistic regression, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and group least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis. Pathway enrichment analysis identified key metabolic pathways, and fixed-effects models were applied to assess metabolite-nutrient relationships based on MetS status.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eleven metabolites, including hexose (FC = 0.95, P = 7.04 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-54&lt;/sup&gt;), alanine, and branched-chain amino acids, and three nutrients including fat, retinol, and cholesterol, were significantly associated with MetS (FC range = 0.87-0.93; all P &lt; 0.05). Pathway analysis highlighted disruptions in arginine biosynthesis and arginine-proline metabolism. The MetS group exhibited six unique metabolite-nutrient pairs that were not observed in the non-MetS group, including 'isoleucine-fat,' 'isoleucine-P,' 'proline-fat,' 'leucine-fat,' 'leucine-P,' and 'valerylcarnitine-niacin.' Notably, dysregulated metabolism of branched-chain amino acids, such as isoleucine and leucine, has been implicated in oxidative stress. Importantly, the stochastic gradient descent classifier achieved the best predictive performance among the eight machine learning models (area under the curve, AUC = 0.84), highlighting the robustness of classification based on metabolite data. However, the absence of external validation limits the generalizability of these findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This comprehensive metabolomic analysis of the KoGES Ansan-Ansung cohort revealed distinct metabolic profiles and nutrient intake patterns associated with MetS, highlighting altered metabolite-nutrient relationships and disrupted metabolic pathways. These findings provide new insights into potential associations between metabolic phenotypes and dietary intake, which may help inform individualized dietary approaches related to MetS, such as branched-chain amino acids-restricted diets (valine, isoleucine, leucine), reduced intake of hexose-rich carbohydrates, and modulation of niacin-rich protein sources according to individual metabolic profiles.","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366009/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}