Dietary inflammatory index and the risk of colorectal adenomas and cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1186/s12937-025-01202-9

Yi-Jun Wu, Wen-Hua Wang, Yu-Ping Wang, Hong Xu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The potential association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, as well as colorectal adenomas (CRA) risk, has been extensively studied, but the findings remain inconclusive. We conducted this systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between the DII and CRC and CRA.

Methods: We comprehensively searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for cohort and case-control studies reporting the relationship between DII and CRA, or between DII and CRC, as of 15 July 2025. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model. Dose-response analysis was conducted where possible. Subgroup analyses were conducted to account for possible sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plot, Egger's test, and Begg's test were utilized to assess publication bias.

Results: Twenty-two studies were included, involving 7,612 CRA patients, 25,359 CRC patients, and 896,592 controls. The pooled ORs for CRC and CRA in total population comparing the highest DII to the lowest DII were 1.61 (95% CI, 1.42-1.83) and 1.19 (95% CI, 0.96-1.47), respectively. The pooled ORs for CRC and CRA per unit increase in DII were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.08-1.20) and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.03-1.38), respectively. Stratification by sex revealed a positive association between DII and CRC risk in both males and females. However, this association was stronger in males (Highest DII vs. lowest DII: OR = 1.67, 95% CI [1.39, 2.00]) (Continues DII: OR = 1.16, 95%CI [1.06, 1.26]). Dose-response analysis revealed a nonlinear positive correlation between CRC risk and DII (P _{for non-linearity} < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that dietary habits characterized by a high inflammatory index may increase the risk of CRA and CRC. TRIAL REGISTRATION : PROSPERO registration number: CRD42025641934.

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饮食炎症指数与结直肠腺瘤和癌症的风险：一项系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析。

背景：饮食炎症指数（DII）与结直肠癌（CRC）风险以及结直肠癌腺瘤（CRA）风险之间的潜在关联已被广泛研究，但研究结果尚无定论。我们进行了这项系统综述和剂量反应荟萃分析，以调查DII与CRC和CRA之间的关系。方法：我们全面检索了PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库，检索了截至2025年7月15日报道DII与CRA或DII与CRC之间关系的队列和病例对照研究。使用随机效应模型估计合并优势比（ORs）和95%置信区间（ci）。尽可能进行剂量-反应分析。进行亚组分析以解释异质性的可能来源。采用漏斗图、Egger检验和Begg检验评估发表偏倚。结果：纳入22项研究，涉及7612例CRA患者、25359例CRC患者和896592例对照。总人群中CRC和CRA的合并or值（95% CI, 1.42-1.83）和1.19 （95% CI, 0.96-1.47）。CRC和CRA每单位DII增加的合并or分别为1.14 （95% CI, 1.08-1.20）和1.19 （95% CI, 1.03-1.38）。性别分层显示，在男性和女性中，DII与结直肠癌风险呈正相关。然而，这种关联在男性中更强（最高DII与最低DII: OR = 1.67, 95%CI[1.39, 2.00]）（继续DII: OR = 1.16, 95%CI[1.06, 1.26]）。剂量-反应分析显示CRC风险与DII呈非线性正相关（非线性P < 0.0001）。结论：我们的研究结果表明，以高炎症指数为特征的饮食习惯可能会增加CRA和CRC的风险。试验注册：PROSPERO注册号：CRD42025641934。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.