Nutrition Journal最新文献

{"title":"Meal skipping among adolescents in the Philippines: prevalence, associated factors, and associations with dietary, mental health, and health risk behavioural outcomes.","authors":"Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer, Thanh-Thao Nguyen-Thi, Isareethika Jayasvasti","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01118-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01118-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meal skipping is poorly understood among adolescents in Southeast Asia. The study aimed to investigate the type of and any meal skipping prevalence, its associated factors (sociodemographic and protective) and associations between meal skipping types and dietary, mental, and various health risk behaviour outcomes among school adolescents in the Philippines.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The 2019 Philippines Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), a nationally representative survey of teenagers aged 11 to 18 (mean age 13.8 years, Standard Deviation-SD = 1.5) that used a multistage sampling technique, provided the study's data. In order to determine the variables associated with meal skipping (breakfast, lunch, dinner, any meal) and associations of meal skipping with six dietary indicators, four mental health indicators, and ten health risk behaviours, the study used bivariate and multivariable multinomial and binary logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The past-month prevalence of most skipping breakfast was 37.1%, most skipping lunch 20.1%, most skipping dinner 10.8%, and any meal skipping 68.1%. Most of the students (89.1%) reported having been exposed to healthy eating classes in school, and 51.7% said that they cannot buy soft drinks in school. Female sex, older adolescents, lower socioeconomic status, not being religious, no school truancy, low or no peer and/or parental support were associated with meal (breakfast, lunch, and/or dinner) skipping. Exposure to skipping breakfast, lunch, dinner, or any meal increased the odds of low vegetable, soft drink, and fast-food intake, overweight, obesity, suicidal ideation, plan, attempt, psychological distress, sedentary behaviour, alcohol use, drug use, physical injury, poor hand, and oral hygiene, and not always wearing a seatbelt.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Almost seven in 10 adolescents skipped any meal in the past month. Sociodemographic and protective factors were associated with meal skipping. Exposure to meal skipping was associated with 15 out of 17 dietary, mental health, and other health risk behaviour outcomes. In order to lower various adverse health outcomes in adolescents, the results thus showed how important it is to improve in a regular meal pattern, particularly meal frequency and meal skipping. Interventions incorporating parental and peer engagement could be strengthened alongside school health education to effectively address meal skipping behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of low-carbohydrate diets patterns with the risk of hyperuricemia: a national representative cross-sectional study in Korea.","authors":"Seungyoun Jung, Yoon Jung Park","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01122-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01122-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between low-carbohydrate diets and hyperuricemia risk, a significant risk factor for gout and cardiometabolic morbidities, remains inconclusive, partly due to differing effects of replacing carbohydrates with animal- or plant-based macronutrients. This study examined associations between low-carbohydrate diet patterns and hyperuricemia risk in 39,880 adults in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Study 2016-2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diet was assessed via a 24-hour dietary recall. The overall, animal-rich, and plant-rich low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) was calculated based on percent energy derived from protein and fat in animal and plant food sources. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid levels > 7.0 mg/dL for men and > 6.0 mg/dL for women. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models to estimate the risk of hyperuricemia across quintiles of LCDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significantly greater risk of hyperuricemia was observed among individuals with higher overall LCDS (OR for quintile 5 vs. quintile 1 [Q5vs.Q1]: 1.41, 95%CI:1.22-1.63, P-trend: <0.001) and animal-rich LCDS (OR_Q5vs.Q1: 1.28, 95%CI:1.12-1.47, P-trend: <0.001), but not with plant-rich LCDS (OR_Q5vs.Q1: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.87-1.16). These positive associations for overall LCDS and animal-rich LCDS were evident in overweight individuals (OR_Q5vsQ1: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.29-1.82 for overall LCDS; and 1.39, 95%CI: 1.19-1.63 for animal-rich LCDS; all P-trends < 0.001), but not in non-overweight individuals (all P-interactions: <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our study, animal-based low-carbohydrate diets were associated with a greater risk of hyperuricemia, while no association was observed for plant-based low-carbohydrate diets. Larger cohort studies are warranted to replicate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of cocoa flavanols in modulating peripheral and cerebral microvascular function in healthy individuals and populations at-risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Sophie Richardson, Janice Marshall, Catarina Rendeiro","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01121-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01121-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cocoa flavanols (CFs) are polyphenolic molecules with proposed cardioprotective effects. Whilst extensive evidence supports their ability to ameliorate vasodilator responses within conduit vessels, their actions in the microvasculature are less clear. This systematic review of the literature aimed to determine whether CF interventions lead to improvements in microvascular vasodilator responses in healthy populations and those with increased cardiovascular disease risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Database searches were conducted up to September 2023 using Medline, Embase, Pubmed and Web of Science Core Collection to identify randomised, placebo-controlled, human studies investigating the effect of CF interventions on the microvasculature (at rest and vasodilator responses). All studies were assessed for risk of-bias according to Cochrane Collaboration recommendations for randomised-controlled trials, data were extracted from studies and findings collated by vote-counting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Searches identified 511 unique articles for screening, of which 19 were selected for data extraction. Vasodilator responses were enhanced in 85.7% (80.4-91.0%, p = 0.013) of all acute studies (n = 13), and in 81.8% (74.1-89.4%, p = 0.065) of studies in healthy subgroups (n = 11). Importantly, this effect was apparent in all studies with 'low risk of bias' (n = 8, p = 0.008). In contrast, there was no effect of acute CF interventions at rest. For chronic studies (n = 7), the effect of CFs was less clear, with a significant benefit reported at rest only, in all young, healthy subgroups (n = 7, p = 0.016), but no evidence of improvements in vasodilator responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CFs have the potential to improve microvascular function, particularly in healthy individuals, with benefits appearing more pronounced following acute CF supplementation. Despite this, interpretations are limited by the small number of comparable studies identified and the heterogeneity of populations studied. Overall, the effects of CFs on the microvasculature seem to be less consistent than previous evidence in the macrovasculature, suggesting that the microvessels may be less susceptible to the effect of CFs than conduit arteries.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The PROSPERO registration number for this review is CRD42023483814.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighbourhood out-of-home food environment, menu healthiness, and their associations with meal purchasing and diet quality: a multiverse analysis.","authors":"Yuru Huang, Thomas Burgoine, Christine M White, Matthew Keeble, Tom R P Bishop, David Hammond, Jean Adams","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01119-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01119-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Governments worldwide have implemented various interventions to improve the healthiness of food offered by out-of-home outlets. However, there is limited evidence on whether healthier menus would influence individual dietary behaviours and quality. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated associations between different measures of the neighbourhood out-of-home food environment, incorporating menu healthiness, and out-of-home meal purchasing and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a sample of 3,481 adults in Great Britain (GB) with valid home postcodes from the 2021 International Food Policy Study. We linked this sample to a national database of food outlet geographical locations to characterise individuals' exposure to the out-of-home food environment. The exposure metrics included menu healthiness scores, availability, proximity, and relative composition of out-of-home food outlets in various neighbourhood buffers around the home (i.e., 500 - 1600 m). Outcomes considered were out-of-home meal consumption and overall diet quality. Using multiverse analyses, where multiple reasonable analytical choices can be tested, we investigated the associations between different exposure measures and these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GB adults had access to an average of 97 (95% CI 91, 104) out-of-home food outlets within 1600 m of their homes. The number of both healthier and less healthy out-of-home food outlets was positively associated with the number of meals purchased out-of-home across all neighbourhood buffers, e.g., every 10 additional less healthy out-of-home food outlets within 500 m of the home corresponded to a 6% (95% CI = 2, 11) increase in the frequency of out-of-home meal purchases in the previous week. Proximity, relative composition, and menu healthiness of neighbourhood out-of-home outlets were not associated with out-of-home meal purchase frequency after adjusting for multiple comparisons. There were no consistent associations between out-of-home food environment exposures and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The only aspect of the neighbourhood out-of-home food environment associated with out-of-home meal purchase frequency was the number of out-of-home food outlets. Menu healthiness of out-of-home food outlets was not associated with how often people purchased out-of-home meals or overall diet quality. Interventions focusing on mitigating the proliferation of out-of-home food outlets may be more effective in changing individual dietary behaviour than those focusing on food served.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of canola oil on body weight and composition in adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 32 randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Abbas Mohtashamian, Masoumeh Mahabady, Fatemeh Bagheri, Hanieh Barghchi, Azadeh Aminianfar","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01117-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01117-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to provide an overview and update the current documents regarding the effect of canola oil (CO) compared to other dietary oils on body weight and composition in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ISI Web of Science were searched until Sepetember 2024 for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of CO on anthropometric measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis thirty-two studies were included. CO consumption significantly increased WHR (MD: 0.003 cm, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.005, P value: 0.003) and significantly decreased BMI (mean difference (MD): -0.127 kg/m², 95% C: -0.231, -0.024, P value: 0.016) However, it did not significantly affect other anthropometric measures (P > 0.05). Based on subgroup analysis, CO supplementation significantly reduced BW in studies on T2DM patients, with parallel design, on patients over 50 years old and with a dose of more than 30 g/d. It also significantly increased WC in trials with parallel design and on hyperlipidemia patients. In addition, CO supplementation significantly increased WHR in the majority of subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to other oil supplementation, CO could decrease BW, BMI and increase WHR, and WC in general or subgroup analysis. Further studies are needed to provide additional insight into how canola oil affects BW and composition in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary riboflavin (vitamin B2) intake and osteoporosis in U.S. female adults: unveiling of association and exploration of potential molecular mechanisms.","authors":"QianKun Yang, Li Zhang, Dong Sun, Shen Jie, XiaoLiang Tao, Qing Meng, Fei Luo","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01103-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01103-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Osteoporosis characterized by deteriorating bone loss is becoming one of the serious health problems globally. Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, exhibiting multiple prominent physiological traits such as antioxidant effects, reducing lipid peroxidation and regulating glutathione redox cycle, allows it to be a potential agent to improve bone loss. However, the relationship between dietary vitamin B2 intake and osteoporosis remains unelucidated. The objective of this study was to explore the association between the dietary intake of vitamin B2 and bone loss in the U.S. female adults using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Female participants with complete information on dietary vitamin B2 intake, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and other essential covariates from NHANES database were included in the current study. Multivariable logistic regression and linear regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationships of dietary vitamin B2 intake with osteoporosis and bone mineral density (BMD) levels, respectively. Subgroup analyses, interaction tests, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analyses were further used to verify the stability, robustness and potential nonlinearity of the association. Mediation analysis was performed to probe the role of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the aforementioned relationship, and the network pharmacology analysis was also conducted to determine the potential pathways and key targets for vitamin B2 regulating bone health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 4, 241 female participants from four NHANES cycles were included in this study. After multivariate adjustment, the intake of vitamin B2 was beneficially associated with reduced risk for femur osteoporosis (OR&lt;sub&gt;Q4 vs. Q1&lt;/sub&gt;=0.613; 95%CI: 0.454-0.829). A higher intake of vitamin B2 (quartile 4) was significantly correlated with decreased risk of reduced femoral BMD levels, with the β being 0.020 (95%CI: 0.007-0.033), 0.015 (95%CI: 0.002-0.027), 0.020 (95%CI: 0.009-0.031) and 0.022 (95%CI: 0.006-0.037) for the BMD of total femur, femoral neck, trochanter, and intertrochanter, respectively (all P value &lt; 0.05). Covariate total MET was found to modify the association between vitamin B2 intake and osteoporosis (P interaction = 0.0364), with the aforementioned relationship being more pronounced in the subgroup of insufficiently active individuals. Furthermore, RCS analysis revealed that vitamin B2 intake was positively and linearly associated with reduced risk for femoral OP and increased BMD levels of total femur, trochanter and intertrochanter, while positively and nonlinearly correlated with increased BMD level of femoral neck. Additionally, the association between vitamin B2 intake, osteoporosis and BMD levels was mediated by ALP, with a mediation proportion of 12.43%, 7.58%, 12.17%, 7.64%, and 6.99% for OP, total femur, femoral","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TASTY trial: protocol for a study on the triad of nutrition, intestinal microbiota and rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Sofia Charneca, Ana Hernando, Inês Almada-Correia, Joaquim Polido-Pereira, Adriana Vieira, Joana Sousa, Ana Santos Almeida, Carla Motta, Gonçalo Barreto, Kari K Eklund, Ana Alonso-Pérez, Rodolfo Gómez, Francesco Cicci, Daniele Mauro, Salomé S Pinho, João Eurico Fonseca, Patrícia Costa-Reis, Catarina Sousa Guerreiro","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01089-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01089-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiota has been implicated in the onset and progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). It has been proposed that gut dysbiosis impairs gut barrier function, leading to alterations in mucosal integrity and immunity. This disruption allows bacterial translocation, contributing to the perpetuation of the inflammatory process. Since diet is recognised as a key environmental factor influencing the gut microbiota, nutritional interventions targeting RA activity are currently being explored. This study aims to investigate whether a dietary intervention based on a typical Mediterranean Diet enriched with fermented foods (MedDiet +) can impact the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and RA-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred RA patients are being recruited at Unidade Local de Saúde (ULS) Santa Maria in Lisbon, Portugal, and randomly assigned to either the intervention (MedDiet +) or the control group. The 12-week nutritional intervention includes a personalised dietary plan following the MedDiet + pattern, along with educational resources, food basket deliveries, and clinical culinary workshops, all developed and monitored weekly by registered dietitians. The control group receives standardised general healthy diet recommendations at baseline. The intervention's effects will be assessed by evaluating disease activity, functional status, quality of life, intestinal permeability, endotoxemia, inflammatory biomarkers, intestinal and oral microbiota, serum proteomics, and serum glycome profile characterisation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We anticipate obtaining integrative insights into the interplay between diet, the gut, and RA, while also exploring the underlying mechanisms driving these changes. This study, conducted by a multidisciplinary research team of registered dietitians, rheumatologists, biologists, and immunologists, aims to bridge the current gap between nutrition-related knowledge and RA.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06758817; date of registry: January 6th 2025).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of an intensive dietitian-led telehealth intervention focusing on nutritional adequacy, symptom control and optional supplemental jejunal feeding, on quality of life in patients with pancreatic cancer: a randomised controlled trial protocol.","authors":"Emma McShane, Kate Furness, Lauren Hanna, Kate Connell, Terrence Haines, Catherine E Huggins, John Zalcberg, Sharon Carey, Charles H C Pilgrim, Joanne Lundy, Andrew Metz, David Kissane, Michael Franco, John Coutsouvelis, Diederick W De Boo, J Simon Bell, Mahesh Iddawela, Theresa Dodson, Ignatius Pereira, Nina Imad, Jill Kirkpatrick, Cherie Dear, Daniel Croagh","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01113-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01113-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in Australia, with a persistently poor 5-year survival rate of around 13%. Symptoms arising from the disease and chemotherapy such as epigastric pain, anorexia, bloating and fat-malabsorptive diarrhoea cause poor oral intake and weight loss, and reduce an individual's quality of life and ability to tolerate anti-cancer treatment. The primary aim of this study is to determine if an early, intensive telehealth nutrition intervention can improve quality of life compared to usual care for people undergoing treatment for pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicentre randomised controlled trial will recruit adults newly diagnosed with borderline resectable, locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer from multiple health services across Victoria (metropolitan and regional). The control group will receive usual nutrition care, which is site-dependent. The intervention group will receive weekly telehealth dietetic consultations for six months, targeting nutritional adequacy through dietary education and counselling, oral nutrition supplement drinks and dietetics-led symptom management advocacy, including appropriate dosing of pancreatic enzymes. Escalation to supplemental jejunal tube feeding may occur if clinically required in the intervention arm. The primary outcome is quality of life (EORTC-QLQ C30 summary score); secondary outcomes include survival, chemotherapy dosing changes, and nutrition status markers including body composition. Outcomes will be measured at baseline, and three- and six-months.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings of this study will provide evidence of the impact that intensive nutrition therapy, including counselling, provision of oral nutrition supplement drinks and the option for jejunal feeding, has on quality of life and health outcomes in pancreatic cancer. The consistent dietetic approach with the use of telehealth consultations to reduce malnutrition and aid symptom management challenges the current model of care.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>31st January 2024, Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (Trial ID/No. ACTRN12624000084583).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic modifications of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are associated with the disturbance of serum iron biomarkers among the metabolically unhealthy obesity school-age children.","authors":"Lulu Xia, Xin Luo, Yueqing Liang, Xueyi Jiang, Wenli Yang, Jie Yan, Kemin Qi, Ping Li","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01108-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01108-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum iron biomarkers are disordered on the progression of obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, limited evidence is explored the interactions between serum iron biomarkers and the incidence of MetS. Thus, the purpose of this study is to discuss whether epigenetic modifications of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with the disturbance of serum iron biomarkers among the metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) school-age children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A representative cross-sectional study was performed using the data from 104 obesity school-age children, while the subjects without obesity were as controls (n = 65). Then, the 104 obesity subjects were defined as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO, n = 60) and MUO (n = 44) subgroups according to whether they were accompanied with MetS. Their serum metabolic indicators, transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), transferrin (TF) and genome-wide methylation were determined by the Elisa method. Moreover, the methylation levels of TFR1 and TF were measured by the Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP-PCR). Furthermore, the copy number (mtDNA-CN) and methylation of mtDNA were detected by the RT-PCR, while the semi-long RT-PCR was then used to estimate the lesions of mtDNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control and MHO groups, the levels of MetS related indicators, anthropological characteristics and 8-OHdG were higher, and the concentrations of CAT, GSH-Px, TF, TFR1 and genome-wide methylation were lower in the MUO group in a BMI-independent manner (P < 0.05). Then, the contents of serum iron were lower in both the MHO and MUO groups than those in the control group (P < 0.017). Moreover, they were positively related with the contents of serum CAT and GSH-Px, and negatively with 8-OHdG, TF and TFR1 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the methylation patterns on the TF, TFR1 and mtDNA were higher in the MUO group than those in the MHO and control groups (P < 0.017), which were negatively correlated with their serum contents (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the ratio of methylated/unmethylated mtDNA was significantly associated with their mtDNA-CN and lesions (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggested that the impairments on the epigenetic modifications of nuclear (genome-wide DNA, TF and TFR1) and mtDNA were associated with the disturbance of serum iron biomarkers to involve in the pathophysiology of MetS among the school-age MUO children.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Children's Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University (No. IEC-C-006-A04-V.06), which was also registered at the website of http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=4673 (No: ChiCTR-OCH-14004900).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11963457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiomics approach reveals the comprehensive interactions between nutrition and children's gut microbiota, and microbial and host metabolomes.","authors":"Mingyu Zhu, Qi Wang, Yan Yang, Xiaobing Liu, Jiawen Zhang, Guanghao Li, Wenqing Liu, Xuesong Xiang, Juanjuan Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01116-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01116-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiome can modulate nutrient metabolism to produce many metabolites interacting with the host. However, the intricate interactions among dietary intake, the gut microbiome and metabolites, and host metabolites need to be further explored although some studies have been devoted to it. Here, in a cross-sectional studies, 88 children aged 2-12 years were enrolled from northwestern China. The dietary intake data were collected via a designed food frequency questionnaire to calculate plant-based diet indices (PDIs). Stool and plasma samples were collected for metagenomic and broad-targeted metabolomic analysis. Spearman's rank correlation was used to describe the associations between nutrients/PDIs and the gut microbiota and metabolites. PDI was significantly positively associated with Bilophila wadsworthia, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Alistipes indistinctus, etc., but was obviously negatively correlated with Roseburia intestinalis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, etc. However, these species showed no significant associations with either healthy PDI (hPDI) or unhealthy PDI (uPDI). Interestingly, hPDI was significantly positively related to species, including Ruminococcus bicirculans, and was significantly negatively associated with uPDI, and vice versa. The above correlation trends were also observed between PDIs and predicted gut microbial functional pathways, microbial metabolites and the host metabolome. Notably, the significantly related pathways were focused mainly on substances and energy metabolism. PDI was significantly positively associated with the fecal contents of P-aminobenzoate, chenodeoxycholic acid, 4,6-dihydroxyquinoline, quinoline-4,8-diol, etc., but was significantly negatively associated with those of TMAO, FFA, creatine phosphate, etc. In plasma, PDI was significantly positively associated with sarcosine, ornithine, L-histidine, etc., but was distinctly negatively correlated with FFAs, carnitine C2:0, etc. Strikingly, the healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) is correlated with increased levels of metabolites related to tryptophan metabolism, whereas the unhealthy PDI (uPDI) is linked to increased levels of metabolites associated with tyrosine and sphingolipid metabolism, which are pathways commonly associated with Western diets. Our studies provide reliable data support and a comprehensive understanding of the effects of dietary intake on the gut microbiome and microbial and host metabolites and lay a foundation for further studies of the diet-gut microbiota-microbial metabolites and host metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11954295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}